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Evolution 

MK-425C/449C/461C 

Advanced User Guide 

12 

 

The original GM MIDI specification catered for only 128 voices, numbered from 0-127. 
It is possible to access a different voice by sending a program change.  
 
In order to expand on the GM set of voices, Bank changes were devised. Each bank 
contains 128 patches, that can be accessed using a program change. There are 
16,384 banks available, accessible by sending a 14-bit Bank change message. The 
first 7 bits of this message are sent in a single byte known as the Bank LSB. The last 
7 bits are specified by another byte known as the Bank MSB. The BANK LSB is the 
most commonly used. This allows for 128 bank changes, and often there is no need to 
send a Bank MSB. 
 
You will find almost all MIDI devices respond to the program change, but some that do 
not conform to the GM set of voices use the program change message for other  
purposes. Many VST instruments have adopted this approach, allowing you to use a  
program change to change the instrument patch. The FM7 by Native Instruments is a 
good example of this.  
 
Bank changes are more rarely used, although they do exist. Bank changes are useful 
in manufacturer’s extensions to the MIDI specification, such as Roland’s GS  
specification and Yamaha’s XG specification. Both of these require you to specify a 
Bank change, in order to access the extra voices and effects that these specifications 
provide.  
 
Sending Program, Bank LSB and Bank MSB data is made simple using the  
Mk-425C/449C/461C. Simply press the PROGRAM, DATA LSB or DATA MSB button 
and enter the program or bank change you wish to send.  
 

 

Non-registered parameter numbers (NRPN’s) are device specific messages that  
enable the control of synths via MIDI. The MIDI specification defines parameter  
numbers to allow scope for manufacturers to specify their own controllers.  The more 
common of these have been registered by the MIDI Manufacturer’s Association and 
are part of the MIDI specification (hence the term Registered Parameter  
Numbers – RPN's). (See Appendix F.) 
 
MIDI controllers 98 and 99 represent the NRPN LSB and MSB respectively, while 100 
and 101 represent the RPN LSB and MSB. This can be seen from the MIDI controllers 
list in Appendix D. To transmit an NRPN/RPN, these two controller messages are sent 
along with their user-specified values. A further controller message and value needs 
to be sent to specify the (coarse or fine) value adjustment.  
This is specified by controller number 6 (Data entry) for coarse adjustments or number 
38 for fine adjustments.  
 

Program & Bank Changes Explained 

RPN/NRPN’s Explained 

 

17 

Evolution

 MK-425C/449C/461C Advanced User Guide 

Before you start using the Librarian, check that the MK-425C/449C/461C has been  
selected as input and output device.  
 
1. 

Select MIDI Setup from the Options menu. 

2. 

Ensure the USB driver for you MK-425C/449C/461C is selected in the 
“Inputs” Column.  

 

If you are using native drivers this may be named “USB Audio Device”.  

1. 

In the “Outputs” column, select the USB driver for you MK-425C/449C/461C   

 

If you are using native drivers this may be named “USB Audio Device”.  

 
You should now be ready to use the Librarian software with you Evolution keyboard.   

As you can see from the screenshot of the Librarian on page 16, you can save, load, 
receive or send the complete content to and from either Bank columns. 
 
To transmit the complete content of your MK-425C/449C/461C to the librarian,  
simply  press the “Receive” button on the Librarian software. 
 
This process can only be completed successfully if the USB drivers for your keyboard 
have been selected correctly, as described in the “Setting Up The Librarian Software” 
section.  
 
Once you have Received data from the keyboard, the memories are displayed in the 
column.  

You can name the memories as you like.  To re-name a memory, double-click on the 
memory.  You can then move memories around by dragging them to a new position, or 
using the copy buttons between the two windows.   
 
These buttons are defined below: 

 
 Will copy the selected memory in Bank 2 to Bank 1. 

 
 Will copy the selected memory in Bank 1 to Bank 2. 

 
 Will copy all memories in Bank 2 to Bank 1. 
 
 Will copy all the memories in Bank 1 to Bank 2. 
 

 Will undo the last copy you made. Only the last copy is remembered. 
 

It’s a good idea to decide which column is your master column, to avoid confusion and 
maybe loosing hours of work. 
 
 

Setting Up The Librarian Software 

Librarian Overview 

Organising Presets Received From A Device 

Summary of Contents for MK-416C

Page 1: ...1 Evolution MK 425C 449C 461C Advanced User Guide...

Page 2: ...Messages Explained Program Bank Changes Explained 12 RPN NRPN s Explained 12 SysEx Explained 13 The Evolution Librarian About The Librarian Software 16 Installing The Librarian Software 16 Setting Up...

Page 3: ...pressed during which the parameters of that function can be altered The numeric keypad can be used to alter a parameter during this time No data is sent out of the Evolution MK 425C 449C 461C when it...

Page 4: ...3 Evolution MK 425C 449C 461C Advanced User Guide Programming Editing The MK 425C 449C 461C...

Page 5: ...ctions and examples Please pay extra attention to the differences between how you program the faders or controllers and how you program the buttons Introduction To Programming Options ASSIGN Descripti...

Page 6: ...ocity off Velocity on 148 Note on off toggle Note Velocity off Velocity on 149 MMC Command Command select 150 Reverb type Type 151 Reverb time Time 152 Chorus type Type 255 Controller Off Assignable M...

Page 7: ...will show the current channel assignment of the selected controller preceded by a c The small 2 digit display will show the currently selected controller for assignment 3 Type the MIDI channel number...

Page 8: ...ting Started guide Lets look at a couple of examples to see how this works Please refer to the charts on pages 4 5 so you get to grips with the principle 1 Select the button you want to control the MM...

Page 9: ...CHANNEL ASSIGN to assign the MIDI channel the message should be sent on You will find most data sheets for synths that make use of NRPN s will give the MSB and LSB values that you should enter into DA...

Page 10: ...button mode has many uses You can play a conventional sound on the keyboard while triggering samples and effects on different MIDI channels from the buttons You could even trigger video clips or a lig...

Page 11: ...o the keyboard you will need to recall a preset to access the new memory settings The dual press DEVICE ID buttons will allow you to assign a Device ID to the MK 449C 461C MK 225C Press PROGRAM and DA...

Page 12: ...11 Evolution MK 425C 449C 461C Advanced User Guide MIDI Messages Explained...

Page 13: ...pecification such as Roland s GS specification and Yamaha s XG specification Both of these require you to specify a Bank change in order to access the extra voices and effects that these specification...

Page 14: ...It also allows the controllers of one device to be controlled by another It is not possible to program your own specified SysEx message into the MK 425C 449C 461C However there are some useful SysEx m...

Page 15: ...Evolution MK 425C 449C 461C Advanced User Guide 14...

Page 16: ...15 Evolution MK 425C 449C 461C Advanced User Guide The Evolution Librarian Software...

Page 17: ...ver have to create the same patch twice The librarian itself allows you to send and receive the 10 patches to and from the MK 425C 449C 461C load and save memory banks view how individual patches have...

Page 18: ...ress the Receive button on the Librarian software This process can only be completed successfully if the USB drivers for your keyboard have been selected correctly as described in the Setting Up The L...

Page 19: ...e is CTRL S Make sure you give the file a name which allows you to quickly identify your collection of setups To load a memory setup file back in to the librarian click on the Load button and select t...

Page 20: ...19 Evolution MK 425C 449C 461C Advanced User Guide Appendix A G...

Page 21: ...ltered X X Note Number True Voice 0 127 X Velocity Note ON Note OFF 0 0 X After Keys Touch Ch s 0 0 X Pitch Bend 0 X Control 0 119 Change 0 X 120 127 0 X Program Change True Number 0 127 X System Excl...

Page 22: ...LSB NRPN MSB 135 NRPN fine NRPN LSB NRPN MSB 136 Master Volume GM Volume LSB Volume MSB 137 Master Pan GM Pan LSB Pan MSB 138 Master Coarse Tune GM Tuning LSB Tuning MSB 139 Master Fine Tune GM Tunin...

Page 23: ...SB 138 Master Coarse Tune GM Tuning LSB Tuning MSB 139 Master Fine Tune GM Tuning LSB Tuning MSB 140 Chorus Mod rate GM2 Mod rate 141 Chorus Mod Depth GM2 Mod depth 142 Feedback GM2 Feedback level 143...

Page 24: ...0 96 0B 11 36 54 61 97 0C 12 37 55 62 98 0D 13 38 56 63 99 0E 14 39 57 64 100 0F 15 3A 58 65 101 10 16 3B 59 66 102 11 17 3C 60 67 103 12 18 3D 61 68 104 13 19 3E 62 69 105 14 20 3F 63 6A 106 15 21 40...

Page 25: ...le 79 Ocarina 104 Sitar 105 Banjo 106 Shamisen 107 Koto 108 Kalimba 109 Bag Pipe 110 Fiddle 111 Shanai Organ Ensemble Synth Lead Percussive 16 Drawbar Organ 17 Percussive Organ 18 Rock Organ 19 Church...

Page 26: ...7 18 19 20 21 22 23 1 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 2 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 3 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 4 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 5 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80...

Page 27: ...r 62 63 Controller 63 64 Sustain Pedal 65 Portamento 66 Sostenuto 67 Soft Pedal 68 Legato Pedal 69 Hold 2 70 Sound Variation 71 Resonance 72 Release Time 73 Attack Time 74 Cut off Frequency 75 Control...

Page 28: ...esonance relative change 16 00 7F 00 7F n a 64 0 63 Drum EG Attack Rate relative change 17 00 7F 00 7F n a 64 0 63 Drum EG Decay Rate relative change 18 00 7F 00 7F n a 64 0 63 Drum Instrument Pitch C...

Page 29: ...Evolution MK 425C 449C 461C Advanced User Guide 28...

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