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APPENDIX
SECTION C: METHODS USING BURNING SULPHUR
The rate of release of sulphur dioxide is calculated by weighing the vessel containing the sulphur dioxide
before and after it has burning for a measured time. It is satisfactory provided a) the Bunsen burner is
turned off once the burning of sulphur starts and b) the apparatus is sited as far forward in the fume
cabinet as possible to obtain complete combustion.
The item required are powered roll sulphur (150-200g), a flat-bottom porcelain evaporating basin, a gas
detection kit, a balance weighting to 0.1g or less, a stop clock, Bunsen burner, two gauze squares both
with ceramic circular centres, a tripod, a heat-proof mat and a ruler. Wear eye protection. Sulphur dioxide
is a toxic gas, so do not breathe it in.
1. Powder the roll sulphur in a mortar with a pestle.
2. Fill a flat-bottom porcelain evaporating basin with the sulphur so that it is level with the rim.
3. Weigh the porcelain basin, the sulphur and one of the gauzes (M
1
grams).
4. Set up the Bunsen burner, tripod, the other gauze and the evaporating basin on a heat-proof mat
so that the centre of the basin is 5cm inside the upper rim of the aperture (This places the
sulphur in the maximum incoming draught and encourages complete combustion).
5. Switch on the fume cabinet.
6. Light the Bunsen burner with the gas tap half-open and the collar open enough so that the flame
is non-luminous.
7. The sulphur melts slowly to a pale amber liquid. Remove the Bunsen burner from under the
gauze and adjust the collar so that it is half-open. Place it back under the gauze very carefully
(The liquid will quickly darken. Changes in the appearance of the liquid surface indicate that
burning is about to start. Sulphur catches light with a blue flame).
8. Start the stop-clock when half of the surface of sulphur has caught alight. Immediately turn off
the Bunsen burner at the gas tap.
9. After 60 seconds, take reading of the concentration of the sulphur dioxide being emitted through
the exhaust with a gas detection kit. A slight smell of sulphur dioxide should be ignored but, if the
exhaust gas causes breathing difficulties, stop the test.
10. Place the other gauze (which was used in the weighing) on top of the basin and stop the clock,
noting the time (t seconds)
11. When the sulphur has cooled down for about 20 minutes and solidified, reweigh the basin, the
remaining sulphur and the gauze (M
2
grams).
The sulphur and dish may be kept and used the next time the test is carried out. A little more powdered
roll sulphur may need to be added to make up for any lost in the previous burning.
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Summary of Contents for ASCENT OPTI BASIC
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