6 BASIC WELDING GUIDE
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© ESAB AB 2021
Figure 48: Flat position, Downhand butt weld
Figure 49: Flat position, Gravity fillet weld
Figure 50: Horizontal position, Butt weld
Figure 51: Horizontal-Vertical (HV) position
Figure 52: Vertical position, Butt weld
Figure 53: Vertical position, Fillet weld
Figure 54: Overhead position, Butt weld
Figure 55: Overhead position, Fillet weld
Joint preparations
In many cases, it will be possible to weld steel sections without any special preparation. For
heavier sections and for repair work on castings, etc., it will be necessary to cut or grind an angle
between the pieces being joined to ensure proper penetration of the weld metal and to produce
sound joints.
In general, surfaces being welded should be clean and free of rust, scale, dirt and grease. Slag
should be removed from oxy-fuel cut surfaces. Typical joint designs are shown below.
