CIAT HYDROCIAT LW HE Series, Manual

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27
HYDROCIA
T L
W
HEAT PUMPS - AIR CONDITIONING - REFRIGERATION - AIR HANDLING - HEAT EXCHANGE - NA 18.752 B
Water chillers
Heat pump
With the rapid increase in energy costs and the care about
environmental impacts of electricity production, power consumption
of air conditioning equipment has become an important topic.
The energy efficiency of a unit at full load is rarely representative
of the actual performance of the units, as on average a unit works
less than 5% of the time at full load.
■
IPLV (in accordance with AHRI 550/590)
The IPLV (integrated part load value) allows evaluation of the
average energy efficiency based on four operating conditions
defined by the AHRI (Air Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration
Institute). The IPLV is the average weighted value of the energy
efficiency ratios (EER) at different operating conditions, weighted
by the operating time.
■
IPLV (integrated part load value)
Load % Condenser entering
water temperature, °C
Energy
efficiency
Operating time,
%
100 29.4 EER
1
1
75 23.9 EER
2
42
50 18.3 EER
3
45
25 18.3 EER
4
12
IPLV = EER
1
x 1% + EER
2
x 42% + EER
3
x 45% + EER
4
x 12%
Note: Constant leaving chilled water temperature 6.67°C (44°F).
Condenser fouling factor: 0.44 x 10 -4 (m 2 K)/W, evaporator fouling factor: 0.18 x
10 -4 (m 2 K)/W.
The heat load of a building depends on many factors, such as
the outdoor air temperature, the exposure to the sun and its
occupancy.
Consequently, it is preferable to use the average seasonal
energy efficiency, calculated at several operation points that are
representative of unit use.
■
SEER for comfort chillers (in accordance
with EU ECODESIGN)
The SEER ( S easonal E nergy E fficiency R atio) measures the
seasonal energy efficiency of comfort chillers by calculating the
ratio between annual cooling demand of the building and annual
energy demand of the chiller. It takes into account the energy
efficiency achieved for each outdoor temperature weighted by the
number of hours observed for each of these temperatures, using
actual climate data.
SEER is a new way of measuring the true energy efficiency of
chillers for comfort cooling over an entire year.
This new indicator gives a more realistic indication of the real
energy efficiency and environmental impact of a
cooling system (Ecodesign Regulation 2016/2281).
■
SCOP (In accordance with EU ECODESIGN
The SCOP (Seasonal Coefficient of Performance) permits
evaluation of the average energy efficiency at part load, based
on multipoint conditions (16°C to -10°C for average climate) and
number of hours occurring at each air temperature (Bin hours).
To be able to compare the energy efficiency of boilers using a
primary energy source (gas or fuel) with heat pumps using a
final energy source (electricity), the seasonal efficiency criteria
used by the Ecodesign regulations is known as it is based on the
use of primary energy sources and expressed in % (Ecodesign
Regulation 813/2013)
The heat load of a building depends on many factors, such as the
outside air temperature, the exposure to the sun and the building
occupancy.
Consequently it is preferable to use the average energy efficiency,
calculated at several operating points that are representative for
the unit utilisation.
■
SEPR for process chillers (in accordance
with EU ECODESIGN)
The SEPR ( S easonal E nergy P erformance R atio) measures the
seasonal energy efficiency of process chillers by calculating the
ratio between annual cooling demand of the process and annual
energy demand of the chiller. It takes into account the energy
efficiency achieved at each outdoor temperature of an average
climate weighted by the number of hours observed for each of
these temperatures.
SEPR is a new way of measuring the true energy efficiency
of chillers for process cooling over an entire year. This new
indicator gives a more realistic indication of the real energy
efficiency and environmental impact of the cooling system
(Ecodesign Regulation 2015/1095 or 2016/2281).
p
aRtial loaD peRfoRmance