Section III
EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
Emergencies caused by aircraft or engine malfunctions are
extremely rare if proper pre-flight inspections and maintenance
are practiced. Enroute weather emergencies can be minimized or
eliminated by careful flight planning and good judgment when
unexpected weather is encountered. However, should an
emergency arise the basic guidelines described in this section
should be considered and applied as necessary to correct the
problem.
ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM
MALFUNCTIONS.
Malfunctions in the electrical power supply system can be
detected by periodic monitoring of the ammeter; however, the
cause of these malfunctions is usually difficult to determine. A
broken alternator drive belt or wiring is most likely the cause of
alternator failures, although other factors could cause the problem.
A damaged or improperly adjusted voltage regulator can also
cause malfunctions. All electrical problems of this nature
constitute an electrical emergency and should be dealt with im-
mediately. Electrical power malfunctions usually fall into two
categories, excessive rate of charge and insufficient rate of charge.
The paragraphs below describe the recommended remedy for each
situation.
EXCESSIVE RATE OF CHARGE.
After periods of engine starting and heavy electrical usage at
low engine speeds (such as extended taxiing) the battery condition
will be low enough to accept above normal charging during the
initial part of a flight. However, after thirty minutes of cruising
flight, the ammeter should be indicating less than two needle
widths of charging current. If the charging rate remains above
this value on a long flight, it is possible that the battery will
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