Biowave Corporation
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4. User Instructions
4.3 Focusing of the Biowave Signals and
Electrode Placement
With Biowave, depending on the nature and location of the painful area, the
electrical signals can be focused to different parts of the body by pairing electrodes
of different
sizes
and
types
with one another. If two same type electrodes of equal
area are used, then two distinct volumes of tissue can be treated equally. For
example, if a patient has bilateral low back pain, two equal area electrodes can be
placed over the respective painful areas on each side of the spine. Additionally, by
moving these electrodes closer together so that there is only about 1.0 inch of space
between them, the pair can also be used to treat one larger volume of tissue.
BiowavePRO - Biowave Noninvasive Electrodes
By pairing an electrode of smaller area with an electrode of larger area, the
density of the therapeutic low frequency field is greater in the volume of tissue
beneath the smaller area electrode. Therefore, the smaller electrode needs
to be placed directly over a single location of pain. The larger electrode acts
like a dispersive pad as the density of the electrical field is much lower and the
sensation felt beneath it is significantly less. It is important that this electrode be
placed in a comfortable location to receive stimulation, which is typically over a
bony prominence
near the treatment site. Placement of the larger electrode
over a
bony prominence
allows the patient to more comfortably increase the
intensity of the signal to higher levels allowing a stronger active electric field to
encompass the pain site under the smaller Pain Site Electrode.
BiowavePENS - Biowave Percutaneous Electrodes
The electrical signals can be focused by not only pairing different area
electrodes with each other, but also by combining a percutaneous with
a noninvasive electrode. Since percutaneous electrodes provide a direct
conductive pathway through skin, the summed high frequency signals pass
into deep tissue more easily. The impedance is significantly less in the area
beneath the percutaneous electrode than beneath a noninvasive electrode.
By having an impedance difference between the electrodes, the therapeutic
low frequency electric field is more concentrated where the impedance is
lower. Therefore the percutaneous electrode, which is placed directly over the
single location of pain, allows the nerve fibers and muscle tissue in this 3.5-
inch diameter hemisphere beneath it to be more readily encompassed by the
therapeutic low frequency field.