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Aurora Design SCRF, User And Technical Manual

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Aurora Design SCRF User And Technical Manual Download Page 4

Front Panel

The front panel is shown below:

 

Status
  LED

Composite
     Video
      Input

Audio
Level

  Left
Audio
 Input

 Right
Audio
 Input

Composite Video Input:

The Composite video input signal required depends on the operating mode and 

model of the converter. If the converter is enabled (not bypassed), then a video 
source conforming to the NTSC or PAL/SECAM video standards must be supplied 
to the Composite (RCA or BNC) input connector. An NTSC source must be used 
with 30 fps models and a PAL/SECAM source must be used with 25fps models. The 
converter will use this video signal to convert to the model’s output standard. For 
example, the SCRF405A converter with convert a PAL/SECAM source to 405/25i 
video. Connecting a video signal not conforming to the NTSC or PAL video 
standards will result in erratic operation in this mode.

If the converter is set to bypassed, then the video signal on this connector is sent 

to the modulator with no signal processing, other than an audio trap filter. Any video 
signal can be supplied in this mode, although it is the users responsibility to verify this 
video signal to obtain the desired result from the modulator.

Audio Inputs:

Two RCA connectors are provided for audio input. The two connectors are 

summed internally into a mono signal that is fed to the RF modulator. If only a mono 
source is available, it can be connected to either of the audio input connectors, or 
both through a “Y” cable if higher input gain is required. The inputs can accept a 
wide range of audio input levels, but are designed to work optimally with standard, 
consumer level -10dBV audio signals. Due to the variance of audio output levels from 
many devices however, an audio input gain control is provided which allows the user 

Introduction                                                                                                               

4

Summary of Contents for SCRF

Page 1: ...Standards Converter with RF Modulator Model s SCRF User and Technical Manual ...

Page 2: ...Copyright 2006 9 Aurora Design LLC Revision 2 2 6 August 2009 All specifications subject to change www tech retro com ...

Page 3: ... stand alone RF Modulator Extremely stable output 3 levels 50ppm timing Output clock line locked to input clock for perfect conversions 10 bit video D A for greater than 54dB dynamic range 4Mb FLASH Image Memory for storing a custom image 100K gate equivalent FieldProgrammableGateArray 250K on SCRF405A NTSC EEPROM memory for FPGA firmware field upgradeable Extremely accurate algorithms used for co...

Page 4: ...s will result in erratic operation in this mode If the converter is set to bypassed then the video signal on this connector is sent to the modulator with no signal processing other than an audio trap filter Any video signal can be supplied in this mode although it is the users responsibility to verify this video signal to obtain the desired result from the modulator Audio Inputs Two RCA connectors...

Page 5: ...dio Level The Audio Level control is used to set the modulation depth of the audio RF carrier This control is required to handle the variations in the audio output levels from different devices This control should be set to the maximum possible without causing distortion of the audio in the RF signal The potentiometer is adjusted by inserting a small flat blade or phillips screw driver into the ho...

Page 6: ...ut should terminate into a 75 ohm load It should only be used to connect directly to the antenna terminals of a television set and never be used for broadcast purposes For complete information about the characteristics of this output please refer to the Specifications section found later in this manual User Pushbutton The User Pushbutton is used to store a default image into the internal FLASH mem...

Page 7: ... DC at 250 mA A 9 volt DC power supply is recommended to reduce power consumption Voltages over 16 volts will damage the unit The unit has a reverse polarity diode in series with the input so it will not be damaged by reversal of polarity The unit uses a standard 2 1mm X 5 5mm center positive coaxial power connector as found on most consumer electronic equipment Internal Options The internal Optio...

Page 8: ...llips screws Position 1 Chroma Gain Model SCRF525M SC Only This switch is used to control the Chroma Gain of the converter In the OFF position the gain is set to standard CCIR levels resulting in the output matching the input s chroma levels In the ON position the gain is adjusted by 33 resulting in the output levels bein higher than the input levels For instance in this position standard SMPTE 75...

Page 9: ... This switch has no effect on the 441 30i and 441 25i models as these standards originally included equalization pulses When the former formats were first created they did not include equalization pulses in the vertical frame sync Because of this poor interlacing of the image can result due to difficulty of the vertical frame oscillator in the television properly locking to the signal Equalization...

Page 10: ... and use the unit as a stand alone RF Modulator In the OFF position the converter and modulator operate normally In the ON position the converter is bypassed and the video signal on the composite input connector is sent directly to the modulator R45 AM Audio RF Carrier Control This trimmer is used to set the initial level of the audio carrier for RF Systems that use AM modulation For RF Systems th...

Page 11: ...egardless of the settings in the Option Switch Default Mode When the unit is in the Normal or Converter Only modes and no valid video is connected to the composite input the unit will output the image stored in the image FLASH on it s outputs and an audio tone will be injected into the audio path This can be used to verify operation of the unit or aid in setup of the television The unit is shipped...

Page 12: ...ed into a mono signal If only a mono audio source is available it can be fed to either input For additional audio gain a Y cable can be used with a mono source to feed both inputs The use of high quality video cables is recommended for best results Cables conforming to 75 ohm impedance should be used on the video inputs and outputs Cables of lesser quality can be used for the audio channels There ...

Page 13: ...e system could be realized The basic building blocks to the design are FPGA video decoder ADC video DAC RF modulators image FLASH memory audio amplifier and multiple power supplies A brief description of each part follows FPGA Xilinx XC3S100E 4VQ100 XC3S250E 4VQ100 100K gate equivalent 250K gate equivalent 72Kb Block RAM 216K Block RAM 1 2V Core 2 5V Aux 3 3V I O number is parenthesis are for SCRF...

Page 14: ... among others and output at the ITU rate of 27MHz on an 8 bit time multiplexed bus with alternating luma and chroma samples No other signals are required from this circuit as the ITU specification describes a method for encrypting the horizontal and vertical timing information directly into the digital data using timing reference makers or TRS codes A brief description of the ITU 601 656 specifica...

Page 15: ...U clock so no additional clocks are necessary at this point Before any further processing can be done a new clock synchronous to the output standard but integrally related to the ITU clock must be generated The internal DCM s are used for this purpose By carefully choosing the ratio s and cascading two DCM s together the exact frequency for the output standard can be generated in the FPGA This clo...

Page 16: ...time per line is essentially the ratio between the two formats For 625 the active line time is 51 95μs while the 405 active line period is 80 30μs 405 625 is 0 65 while 51 95 80 30 is 0 65 This means we can use the same number of pixels per line in the 405 format as there are in the 625 If this were not the case we would need to take into account the difference in pixel counts into the final ratio...

Page 17: ...tput This is known as two line interpolation While it provides a vastly superior image to straight decimation it has several draw backs First the output lines will have different frequency content because one line in the output is the same as a line of the input with all vertical frequencies intact while the next line in the output is the average of two lines of the input with the frequencies filt...

Page 18: ...ceramic capacitor The FPGA programs the modulators as to frequency modulation type etc The video modulator receives it s input from a switch that allows the FPGA to route video from the converter output or from the video input connector The video signal goes through a sound trap filter to eliminate any frequencies that could interfere with the audio carrier The video modulator contains a DC restor...

Page 19: ...rap filter center frequency will be output by the video D A converter By placing an oscilloscope on the test point shown previously or by viewing a spectrum analyzer on the RF output trimmer C53 the Sound Trap Filter Trimmer can be adjusted for minimum signal Mode 2 This mode disables the audio carrier and can be used to examine just the video carrier level using an oscilloscope or Spectrum Analyz...

Page 20: ...be used to verify adjustments made in the prior modes on actual input video and audio without having to leave the Setup and Test Mode Updating Firmware If it ever becomes necessary to update the firmware in the unit this can be accomplished through the programming port next to the Option Switch as previously shown The connector is a standard 8 pin double row 2mm connector A custom cable with a mat...

Page 21: ...0 bit Effective D A Video Levels 3 of output standard Video Timing 50 ppm Line PLL locked 2ns jitter typical Video SNR 56dB typical Audio Input Audio Input Unbalanced 20K impedance 10dBV nominal input level 0 2Vpp to 5Vpp maximum Audio Response 50Hz to 15kHz 2dB RF Output RF Output 76dBμV 6 3mV typical into 75 ohms Crystal PLL frequency generation Video SNR 56dB typical Modulation Depth 99 maximum...

Page 22: ...1 00 66mm X 66mm X 25mm Weight 2 5oz 70g Power Requirements 9Vdc typical 7 14Vdc maximum 2 0 watts typical Full Operation 1 0 watt typical Sleep Mode Humidity 20 80 non condensing Temperature 10C 45C ambient 50F 110F Specifications 22 ...

Page 23: ...tios 4 3 1 70 1 37 Interpolator Clock Oversample 26 5 MHz 4X Active Pixels Lines 720 316 Horizontal Vertical Frequency 10 280 Hz 29 97 Hz Video Characteristics 4 4 MHz 3 5 MHz 1Vpp into 75 ohms composite sync 70 30 video sync ratio PAL SECAM to 819 25i France Image Pixel Aspect Ratios 4 3 0 73 0 59 Interpolator Clock Oversample 53 2 MHz 2X Active Pixels Lines 720 738 Horizontal Vertical Frequency ...

Page 24: ...omposite sync 70 30 video sync ratio PAL SECAM to 405 25i Image Pixel Aspect Ratios 4 3 1 43 1 14 Interpolator Clock Oversample 26 3 MHz 4X Active Pixels Lines 720 378 Horizontal Vertical Frequency 10 125 Hz 25 0 Hz Video Characteristics 4 4 MHz 3 4 MHz 1Vpp into 75 ohms composite sync 70 30 video sync ratio PAL SECAM to 405 25i NTSC Color Image Pixel Aspect Ratios 4 3 1 43 1 14 Interpolator Clock...

Page 25: ...ON 3 56 75 MHz 53 25 MHz OFF ON OFF OFF 4 61 75 MHz 58 25 MHz OFF ON OFF ON 5 66 75 MHz 63 25 MHz OFF ON ON OFF 6 179 75 MHz 176 25 MHz OFF ON ON ON 7 184 75 MHz 181 25 MHz ON OFF OFF OFF 8 189 75 MHz 186 25 MHz ON OFF OFF ON 9 194 75 MHz 191 25 MHz ON OFF ON OFF 10 199 75 MHz 196 25 MHz ON OFF ON ON 11 204 75 MHz 201 25 MHz ON ON OFF OFF 12 209 75 MHz 206 25 MHz ON ON OFF ON 13 214 75 MHz 211 25 ...

Page 26: ... ON OFF ON 6 173 40 MHz 162 25 MHz OFF ON ON OFF 7 177 15 MHz 188 30 MHz OFF ON ON ON 8A 185 25 MHz 174 10 MHz ON OFF OFF OFF 8 186 55 MHz 175 40 MHz ON OFF OFF ON 9 190 30 MHz 201 45 MHz ON OFF ON OFF 10 199 70 MHz 188 55 MHz ON OFF ON ON 11 203 45 MHz 214 60 MHz ON ON OFF OFF 12 212 85 MHz 201 70 MHz ON ON OFF ON B1 47 80 MHz 45 00 MHz ON ON ON OFF B2 52 80 MHz 50 00 MHz ON ON ON ON Disabled Not...

Page 27: ...53 75 MHz OFF ON OFF OFF 2A 49 75 MHz 55 25 MHz OFF ON OFF ON 3 55 25 MHz 60 75 MHz OFF ON ON OFF 4 62 25 MHz 67 75 MHz OFF ON ON ON 4A 82 25 MHz 87 75 MHz ON OFF OFF OFF 5 175 25 MHz 180 75 MHz ON OFF OFF ON 6 182 25 MHz 187 75 MHz ON OFF ON OFF 7 189 25 MHz 194 75 MHz ON OFF ON ON 8 196 25 MHz 201 75 MHz ON ON OFF OFF 9 203 25 MHz 208 75 MHz ON ON OFF ON 10 210 25 MHz 215 75 MHz ON ON ON OFF 11 ...

Page 28: ...59 75 MHz OFF OFF ON ON 3 61 25 MHz 65 75 MHz OFF ON OFF OFF 4 67 25 MHz 71 75 MHz OFF ON OFF ON 5 77 25 MHz 81 75 MHz OFF ON ON OFF 6 83 25 MHz 87 75 MHz OFF ON ON ON 7 175 25 MHz 179 75 MHz ON OFF OFF OFF 8 181 25 MHz 185 75 MHz ON OFF OFF ON 9 187 25 MHz 191 75 MHz ON OFF ON OFF 10 193 25 MHz 197 75 MHz ON OFF ON ON 11 199 25 MHz 203 75 MHz ON ON OFF OFF 12 205 25 MHz 209 75 MHz ON ON OFF ON 13...

Page 29: ...77 75 MHz OFF ON OFF OFF 4 79 25 MHz 83 75 MHz OFF ON OFF ON 5 85 25 MHz 89 75 MHz OFF ON ON OFF 6 97 25 MHz 101 75 MHz OFF ON ON ON 7 103 25 MHz 107 75 MHz ON OFF OFF OFF 8 163 25 MHz 167 75 MHz ON OFF OFF ON 9 181 25 MHz 185 75 MHz ON OFF ON OFF 10 187 25 MHz 191 75 MHz ON OFF ON ON 11 205 25 MHz 209 75 MHz ON ON OFF OFF 12 211 25 MHz 215 75 MHz ON ON OFF ON 13 235 25 MHz 239 75 MHz ON ON ON OFF...

Page 30: ...71 75 MHz OFF ON OFF OFF 4 79 25 MHz 83 75 MHz OFF ON OFF ON 5 85 25 MHz 89 75 MHz OFF ON ON OFF 6 97 25 MHz 101 75 MHz OFF ON ON ON 7 103 25 MHz 107 75 MHz ON OFF OFF OFF 8 157 25 MHz 161 75 MHz ON OFF OFF ON 9 163 25 MHz 167 75 MHz ON OFF ON OFF 10 181 25 MHz 185 75 MHz ON OFF ON ON 11 187 25 MHz 191 75 MHz ON ON OFF OFF 12 205 25 MHz 209 75 MHz ON ON OFF ON 13 211 25 MHz 215 75 MHz ON ON ON OFF...

Page 31: ...MHz 70 00 MHz OFF ON ON OFF 6 72 75 MHz 75 00 MHz OFF ON ON ON 7 77 75 MHz 80 00 MHz ON OFF OFF OFF 8 82 75 MHz 85 00 MHz ON OFF OFF ON 9 112 75 MHz 115 00 MHz ON OFF ON OFF 10 117 75 MHz 120 00 MHz ON OFF ON ON 11 122 75 MHz 125 00 MHz ON ON OFF OFF 12 127 75 MHz 130 00 MHz ON ON OFF ON 13 132 75 MHz 135 00 MHz ON ON ON OFF 14 137 75 MHz 140 00 MHz ON ON ON ON 15 142 75 MHz 145 00 MHz Note There ...

Page 32: ...el No SCRF 441PE PAL SECAM to 441 25i with System E channel 1 and B1 B2 Model No SCRF 455E PAL SECAM to 455 25i with System E channel 1 Model No SCRF 819E PAL SECAM to 819 25i with all System E channels 2 Model No SCRF 819F PAL SECAM to 819 25i with all System F and System E 2 channels Notes 1 This unit is useful for operating 405 25i televisions in parts of the world that use NTSC video and 60Hz ...

Page 33: ...ncy to ease filter design Revision 1 6 June 12 2006 1 Added Sleep Disable feature to Option switch position 7 2 Modified SCRF 819F and SCRF819L units for dual RF system capability Revision 1 5 May 18 2006 1 Increased accuracy of sine wave generator for internal test modes 2 Added functionality to Test Mode 2 to measure SNR of D A Revision 1 4 May 8 2006 1 Improved the high frequency video response...

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