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AJA BRIDGE LIVE, Installation And Operation Manual

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AJA BRIDGE LIVE Installation And Operation Manual Download Page 118

BRIDGE LIVE Video I/O and Streaming Appliance v1.12 118 www.aja.com

 

•  activeEventsTable .1.3.6.1.4.1.50087.1.1.3.1

Configuration of SNMP Manager

You can find the MIB file in BRIDGE LIVE here: 

/usr/share/snmp/mibs/COMPRIMATO-SYSTEMS-MIB.txt

Setup to configure the SNMP agent: 

•  open “/etc/snmp/snmpd.conf” for editing as sudo,
•  find the line that reads “trap2sink localhost public”,
•  replace “localhost” with the IP address of the SNMP manager. The line should 

then look like this: 
   

“trap2sink 172.12.5.123 public”,

•  save the file,
•  restart SNMP services: “sudo systemctl restart snmpd” and “sudo systemctl 

restart snmptrapd”. 

Summary of Contents for BRIDGE LIVE

Page 1: ...Version 1 12 Published September 10 2021 BRIDGE LIVE Multi Channel Live Video for REMI Contribution Collaboration Streaming and Delivery Installation and Operation Guide ...

Page 2: ...g and V2Digital are trademarks of AJA Video Systems Inc All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners Copyright Copyright 2021 AJA Video Systems Inc All rights reserved All information in this manual is subject to change without notice No part of the document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical including photocopying or recording...

Page 3: ...e SDI to Streams Encoding 25 Creating a Pipeline to Encode Incoming Uncompressed SDI to Streams 25 Identifying Your Encoding Requirements 25 Steps for Building an Encoding Pipeline 25 Verifying Pipeline Configurations 32 Verifying the Configuration of Your Pipeline Remotely 32 Example of Streaming to YouTube 34 Adding an Output Stream for YouTube 35 Audio Settings 36 YouTube Studio Live Streaming ...

Page 4: ...GE LIVE Features and Interface Deep Dive 72 Encoding Incoming Uncompressed SDI to Various Stream Types 72 Input SDI 72 Output Stream Options 72 Output Stream Sink 76 Output Stream Video Configuration Options 80 Output Stream Audio Configuration Options 82 Output Stream Metadata Configuration Options 84 Decoding Incoming Streams and Outputting Uncompressed SDI 84 Input Stream 84 Configuring Input S...

Page 5: ...112 BRIDGE LIVE Files Location 112 System Services 112 Web Administration 113 Manual Network Interface Configuration 113 Virtual Interfaces 113 Adding New Virtual Interface 114 IPMI 114 Chapter 11 Using REST API 115 Accessing the API Documentation 115 Featured Curl commands 115 Chapter 12 Using SNMP 116 Example of SNMP Commands 116 SNMP Traps 117 Configuration of SNMP Manager 118 Chapter 13 Troubl...

Page 6: ...IVE Video I O and Streaming Appliance v1 12 6 www aja com Warranty and Liability Information 136 Limited Warranty on Hardware 136 Limitation of Liability 136 Governing Law and Language Your Rights 136 Index 138 ...

Page 7: ...ovides a general overview of the product and its capabilities Chapter 3 Getting Started Accessing the system via browser or locally Chapter 4 Basic Use Case SDI to Streams Encoding Basics of outputting streams from SDI Inputs Chapter 5 Basic Use Case Streams to SDI Decoding Basics of outputting SDI from JPEG 2000 Chapter 6 Basic Use Case Simultaneous Bi Directional Encoding and Decoding Walks thro...

Page 8: ...onym used in the broadcast industry for Remote Model Integration and is sometimes called at home or virtual production Features 12G SDI 3G SDI I O supports 4 channels of HD or 1 channel of UltraHD as standard Bi directional Encode Decode Transcode NDI H 265 HEVC H 264 AVC H 262 MPEG 2 and JPEG 2000 TR 01 Protocols SRT HLS MPEG TS MPTS input RTMP RTMPS output RTP and UDP Multi bitrate format conten...

Page 9: ...and have creative talent work together remotely with reference quality video BRIDGE LIVE compliments existing GUI driving technologies e g RDP Teradici by providing reference quality video needed for creative confidence and client executive sign off Choices between H 265 4 2 0 10 bit H 264 4 2 2 10 bit with turnkey BRIDGE LIVE or via optional license JPEG 2000 4 2 2 10 bit mean there is choice and...

Page 10: ...dcast facility In this use case one BRIDGE LIVE device would be installed at the broadcast facility and a second BRIDGE LIVE device would be installed at the remote location Live Production Encoding Encode SDI video for live production output where video is delivered as the intended or intermediate format such as H 264 H 265 4 2 0 If a backup is needed store locally with NAS or local HDD For examp...

Page 11: ... 30p 50 to 75 Mbps 1 up to 30p 80 to 120 Mbps SRT RTMP S MPEG TS H 264 AVC 4 2 2 10 bit HQ 2 simultaneous up to 60p 1 up to 30p SRT RTMP S MPEG TS H 265 HEVC 4 2 0 8 10 bit 4 simultaneous up to 60p 5 to 12 Mbps 1 up to 60p 35 to 110 Mbps SRT RTMP S MPEG TS MPEG2 4 2 0 8 bit 4 simultaneous up to 30p 60i 8 to 15 Mbps N A SRT RTMP S MPEG TS MPEG2 4 2 2 8 bit HQ 4 simultaneous up to 30p 60i 10 to 20 M...

Page 12: ...Q 2 simultaneous up to 60p 1 up to 30p SRT RTMP S MPEG TS H 265 HEVC 4 2 0 10 bit 4 simultaneous up to 60p 1 up to 60p SRT RTMP S MPEG TS MPEG2 4 2 0 8 bit 4 simultaneous up to 30p 60i N A SRT RTMP S MPEG TS MPEG2 4 2 0 8 bit HQ 4 simultaneous up to 30p 60i N A SRT RTMP S MPEG TS NDI 150 Mbps 250 Mbps SRT MPEG TS RTP UDP UDP Table 4 JPEG 2K Stream to SDI Decoding optional license Decode HD 1080p U...

Page 13: ...etwork Administration on page 112 Accessing the System Locally and Remotely There are two ways to access the UI 1 Locally being physically present within the server location and using kiosk mode where there is a monitor mouse and keyboard connected to the machine 2 Remotely using the assigned administration interface IP address in your web browser to remotely connect via the network Logging In Loc...

Page 14: ...ich can be used to set up and monitor pipeline tasks or provide access to administrative tools Upon logging in via browser you will arrive at the Dashboard Likewise if starting up BRIDGE LIVE locally after logging in the Dashboard will be presented This is where the main configuration takes place and where you can access data monitoring tools Because BRIDGE LIVE is capable of outputting multiple s...

Page 15: ... following interface elements Left Column Encode Decode and Transcode Pipelines Upper Left Quadrant Interfaces SDI 10GbE Loopback throughput Reports the data throughput transmitted Tx and received Rx for the selected interface For SDI it reports what is detected and if it is used for output streaming Upper Right Quadrant GPU utilization CPU utilization Lower Left Quadrant Services and devices stat...

Page 16: ...onfigured and applied Pipelines Hover the mouse over a half circle to see specific error messages for a Pipeline Figure 4 Pipeline status indicators Below the errors and warning flags are the pipelines On the left side each pipeline has a circular status icon The left half of the colored circle provides feedback on the incoming part of the pipeline while the right side indicates the status of the ...

Page 17: ...e you have created all the pipelines you need you can create a backup of them From the lower left corner click the column of three vertical dots next to Add new pipeline to open the Pipelines Management pop up menu Figure 8 Pipelines Management Menu Select Download all as a preset All of your pipeline configuration settings will download as a pipelines json file You can upload this file in the fut...

Page 18: ...ight have offices in different time zones and would prefer the servers to have the same system time potentially for monitoring purposes If the stream is not allowed to produce an output the license status reads Blocked or Unavailable and is shown red BRIDGE LIVE will process the stream as usual the only difference is that the output will not be sent to defined output sinks This feature will help y...

Page 19: ...terfaces panel drop down menu Upper Right Quadrant GPU Utilization CPU Utilization The second quadrant upper right shows GPU CPU utilization hardware components The GPU has 3 statistics The blue line shows the level of GPU utilization NvEnc represents the work of the NDA chip When working with JPEG 2000 you may see the second quadrant chart go to 100 utilization Generally however the CPU is not ex...

Page 20: ...vices status reports statistics for services that are running It reports what is running and it also displays the status of the License server In the example shown below the License server is initialized Hardware temperatures are also reported Figure 12 Services and devices status panel of Dashboard Lower Right Quadrant Memory GPU System RAM The lower right quadrant Memory GPU System RAM reports m...

Page 21: ... followed by the amount of memory that is available Lower Panel In the lower panel of Dashboard you can see a list of all existing streams both input and output Use the Stream statistics radio buttons to filter by All Input stream only or Output stream only You can also search for a particular stream using the search tab in the upper right section of the panel See Figure 13 below NOTE Pipelines th...

Page 22: ...tream Errors Beyond the Dashboard Besides the Dashboard two other important areas of the interface are System Information and Stream Configuration Other areas of the interface are covered as necessary in later chapters System Information To view system information hover your mouse over the Setup menu in the upper right corner then click System information System information reports various aspects...

Page 23: ... pipeline button for adding a new pipeline Selecting it directs you to the setup window This is the same window accessed when you want to change the configuration of an existing stream From the left column click on a stream you want to change and the stream settings window displays as shown in Figure 19 If you need to get back to the main Dashboard view click on the AJA Comprimato logos in the top...

Page 24: ...GE LIVE UI Changing Stream Configuration Figure 19 shows a dialogue window to select the input stream source type You can choose the input type SDI input RTP UDP UDP SRT NDI or HLS If you select the SDI input select the SDI card AJA Corvid 44 12G BNC and the Port for the video input ...

Page 25: ...hoices dynamically impact which specific sets of configuration options become available as you go through the process of building a pipeline Before you begin consider which of the following components match your requirements Transport Streams Protocols Codecs MPEG TS RTMP S output only NDI MPEG TS PCR only RTP UDP UDP SRT HLS H 262 H 264 H 265 JPEG 2000 NDI RTMP S works only with H 264 The JPEG 20...

Page 26: ...eline name Use a simple name that your users will understand NOTE There is a 24 character limit on the pipeline name If you use more than 24 characters an error message indicates you have exceeded the 24 character limit and you will not be able to save the name After clicking OK the new pipeline will be shown in the left column of Dashboard Both half circles are gray indicating that the Pipeline i...

Page 27: ...elected for encoding The video preview automatically displays an image and refreshes about one frame for every one or two seconds It is not intended for high fidelity monitoring If no image displays check that the signal is actively being input to the selected port NOTE If you require reference quality video monitoring we recommend that you use either an SDI monitor and or a receiving client host ...

Page 28: ...ideo signal listed Set as Input Under the Auto detected video streams heading select Set as input The heading just above Input stream video configuration options expands and now displays auto populated characteristics of the detected video signal Video 1 Uncompressed 1920x1080p 23 98Hz 4 2 2 10 bit Figure 26 Auto populated characteristics of the SDI video input signal ...

Page 29: ...populated matching the detected Input stream Naming the Output Stream Under the heading Output stream options enter a name in the Name field For example SDI to H 264 Output SDI to H 265 Output or whatever name will be descriptive to your users for this specific output stream Figure 28 Output stream options panel example 1 Figure 29 Output stream options panel example 2 Selecting the Output Stream ...

Page 30: ...put stream sink type In this example we are using RTP UDP In this case we are setting up a Loopback output stream for testing purposes The IP address is 127 0 0 1 for localhost and the Port is 5050 The Ethernet card selection is Loopback Io connected Figure 31 Output stream sink configuration Output Stream Video Configuration Options Next under the heading Output stream video configuration options...

Page 31: ...lections available The Frame size is auto populated to reflect the detected input signal The Scan rate and other properties are also auto populated Figure 33 Output stream video configuration options Leave the remaining fields with their default values Click Save Restart Figure 34 Save Restart button ...

Page 32: ... network behind NAT network address translation your target location will not be able to receive the stream For an encoded stream using stream type RTMP S the stream cannot do point to point It has to bounce off of a server first Verifying the Configuration of Your Pipeline Remotely With your pipeline now set up you can verify that it is functioning correctly by accessing the stream with off the s...

Page 33: ...IVE applies your configuration changes VLC Media Player for SRT From VLC media player select File Open Network The Open Source window displays In the URL field enter srt Followed by the IP address and port number entered earlier under the Output stream sink heading In our example the VLC URL field would look like this srt 198 169 208 120 5050 ...

Page 34: ...ected in your new BRIDGE LIVE pipeline VLC may take a brief moment to open the new window Example of Streaming to YouTube NOTE The last steps about the stream URL and key are critical elements In this example we assume that you already have a Pipeline setup that has a streaming output We are going to add an output stream to that Pipeline for streaming to YouTube ...

Page 35: ... Output stream video configuration options set Video codec to H 264 5 Set Frame size to your desired YouTube resolution for example 1920x1080 6 Set Bit depth to 8 bit 7 Set Color sampling to 4 2 0 8 Set Video bit rate to the YouTube recommended rate of 3 to 6 Mbit for 1080p23 98 to 1080p30 9 Set Scan rate to match the video input scan rate can be half for high frame rate inputs if desired 10 Set S...

Page 36: ...Audio Settings 1 Under Output stream audio configuration options click Change audio mapping Figure 37 Audio Mapping RTMP to YouTube 2 Name your Output Audio settings 3 Select AAC ADTS under Audio codec 4 Set Rate to 44100 Hz 5 Set Audio bit rate to 128 kbit s 6 Click Save setup YouTube Studio Live Streaming Page 1 Go to your YouTube Studio live streaming page ...

Page 37: ... the stream URL into URL address with stream key field under Output stream sink of pipeline Output stream mapping 4 Go back to the YouTube Studio live streaming page 5 Copy the Stream key 6 Go back to the RTMP URL address with stream key field 7 Add a to end of the pasted URL address then paste in the copied stream key 8 Apply configuration ...

Page 38: ...e Video Streaming Platform If you wish to stream to Wowza note that you can provide authentication through the URL format Destination Syntax Examples See the following destination syntax examples rtmp USERNAME PASSWORD address 1935 live rtmp s user pass example com 19xx live stream key Please see https www wowza com for more detailed information ...

Page 39: ...ch specific sets of configuration options become available as you go through the process of building a pipeline Before you begin consider which of the following components match your requirements Transport Streams Protocols Codecs MPEG TS RTMP S output only NDI MPEG TS PCR only RTP UDP UDP SRT HLS H 262 H 264 H 265 JPEG 2000 NDI RTMP S works only with H 264 The JPEG 2000 I O is available through a...

Page 40: ...p window Enter a name for your new pipeline in the Edit pipeline name field For this example we are using JPEG 2K to SDI as the new pipeline name NOTE There is a 128 character limit on the pipeline name After clicking OK the new pipeline will be shown in the left column of Dashboard Figure 43 The left column of Dashboard showing the newly named pipeline that you are setting up ...

Page 41: ... to entering the IP address of the Ethernet card Source IP filter Only multicast traffic originating from the specified IP address will be received Port 5050 Ethernet card Ethernet card 1 Compliance with Auto detected Auto Detecting Video Streams Click Start Detecting Input The Input stream configuration options column updates to show a new heading called Auto detected video streams Figure 45 New ...

Page 42: ...Figure 47 Add output stream button New fields display for naming and configuring your new output stream Naming the Output Stream Under the heading Output stream options enter a name in the Name field For Stream type select SDI Figure 48 Output stream options panel Selecting the Output Stream Sink Type Under the heading Output stream sink select AJA Corvid 44 12G BNC from the SDI device drop down m...

Page 43: ...options pre populated Applying Configuration Settings From the lower right corner of Dashboard click Apply configuration BRIDGE LIVE applies all your configuration settings and initiates the new pipeline Figure 51 Apply configuration button After BRIDGE LIVE accepts your configuration settings the left column will update to show the new pipeline When both circle halves are green the pipeline is ru...

Page 44: ...nds for Network Device Interface and is developed by NewTek Input Stream Source 1 Within the pipeline you want to work with navigate to your Input Stream source 2 Select NDI as the Type 3 Select a source from the Detected sources list Your selection displays in the Selected source field 4 Click Start Detecting Input The detected NDI stream is listed under Auto detected video streams 5 Next to the ...

Page 45: ...raHD HLS audio formats support covers EAC3 AC3 and AAC Input Stream Source Within the pipeline you want to work with navigate to your Input Stream source Select HLS as the Type In the HTTP or HTTPS URL field enter your HLS Stream URL As long as the URL is valid BRIDGE LIVE will ingest the input stream and auto detect the content Setting the Buffer Size for HLS When configuring the buffer size we r...

Page 46: ...in Figure 54 Click the link In this example the link is Video 1 H 264 1920x1080p 29 97Hz 4 2 0 8 bit Clicking the auto detected video stream link simplifies the Input stream configuration process because it automatically captures the incoming video stream configuration properties Input Stream Video Configuration Options If you do not select the auto detected video streams link under the heading In...

Page 47: ... sources to the production studio Overview This use case describes a scenario in which two BRIDGE LIVE devices are being used One device is installed in a Production Studio while a second device is installed in a Remote Truck Remote Truck Role The Remote Truck has an HD camera feeding an SDI input to BRIDGE LIVE The BRIDGE LIVE device encodes the HD input to H 264 and sends it as a stream to the P...

Page 48: ...s HD signals connected to SDI Ports 1 and 2 indicated in Figure 55 above in the Interfaces area However in this example we will encode only the HD signal coming into Port 1 and transmit the encoded H 264 signal through Ethernet Card 1 Decoding For the decoding Pipeline the Remote Truck BRIDGE LIVE will receive H 264 through Ethernet Card 2 decode it then transmit the Uncompressed SDI through Port ...

Page 49: ...de Uncompressed SDI Camera Feed to Streams Adding New Pipeline to the Remote Truck BRIDGE LIVE From the Remote Truck BRIDGE LIVE Dashboard click Add new pipeline in the lower left corner Figure 57 Add new pipeline button Dashboard displays a page that presents Input and Output stream configuration options Naming the Pipeline From the top of the Input stream configuration options column click edit ...

Page 50: ...w pipeline name Use a simple name that your users will understand NOTE There is a 24 character limit on the pipeline name If you use more than 24 characters an error message indicates you have exceeded the 24 character limit and you will not be able to save the name After clicking OK the new pipeline will be shown in the left column of Dashboard Both half circles are gray indicating that the Pipel...

Page 51: ...DI SDI device AJA Corvid 44 12G BNC Port Port 1 Auto Detecting Video Streams In the lower right area click Apply configuration Figure 62 Apply configuration button The Input stream configuration options column updates to show a new heading called Auto detected video streams Figure 63 New heading displays called Auto detected video streams Beneath the heading what is shown is Video 1 Uncompressed 1...

Page 52: ...ing your new output stream Some of the fields of the Output stream column are auto populated matching the detected Input stream Naming the Output Stream Under the heading Output stream options enter a name in the Name field For example SDI 59 94 to H 264 or any name that will be descriptive to your users for this specific output stream Figure 66 Output stream options panel Selecting the Output Str...

Page 53: ...led in the Remote Truck that you will be transmitting from 3 For the Port number use any available port Here we are using port number 5050 4 Select the Ethernet card that is being used to communicate to your network 5 For SRT mode select Listener Figure 68 Output stream sink configuration Output Stream Video Configuration Options Next under the heading Output stream video configuration options for...

Page 54: ...E takes just a few moments to process the settings Once finished the left column updates to show your newly created Pipeline Tx to Production Studio The two green circle halves indicate that both the input and output sides of the Pipeline are running with no errors Figure 71 The newly created Pipeline displaying in the left column The screenshot above also shows the Pipeline Rx from Prod Studio th...

Page 55: ...Creating a Pipeline to Decode Incoming Stream to Uncompressed SDI Adding New Stream From the BRIDGE LIVE Dashboard click Add new stream in the lower left corner Figure 73 Add new stream button Dashboard displays a page that presents Input and Output stream configuration options Naming the Pipeline From the top of the Input stream configuration options column click edit name found immediately to th...

Page 56: ...window Enter a name for your new pipeline in the Edit pipeline name field For this example we are using Rx from Prod Studio as the new pipeline name NOTE There is a 24 character limit on the pipeline name After clicking OK the new pipeline will be shown in the left column of Dashboard Figure 76 The left column of Dashboard showing the newly named pipeline that you are setting up ...

Page 57: ...ort 5050 Ethernet card Ethernet card 2 SRT mode Caller Compliance with Auto detected Auto Detecting Video Streams In the lower right area click Apply configuration Figure 78 Apply configuration button The Input stream configuration options column updates to show a new heading called Auto detected video streams Figure 79 New heading displays called Auto detected video streams Beneath the heading wh...

Page 58: ...ure 81 Add output stream button New fields display for naming and configuring your new output stream Naming the Output Stream Under the heading Output stream options enter a name in the Name field For Stream type select SDI Figure 82 Output stream options panel Selecting the Output Stream Sink Type Under the heading Output stream sink select AJA Corvid 44 12G BNC 0 from the SDI device drop down me...

Page 59: ... options pre populated Applying Configuration Settings From the lower right corner of Dashboard click Apply configuration BRIDGE LIVE applies all your configuration settings and initiates the new pipeline Figure 85 Apply configuration button After BRIDGE LIVE accepts your configuration settings the left column will update to show the new pipeline When both circle halves are green the pipeline is r...

Page 60: ... Production Studio BRIDGE LIVE will receive H 264 through Ethernet Card 1 decode it then transmit the Uncompressed SDI through Port 1 Figure 87 above shows that Channel 1 Port 1 is set for output Encoding The Production Studio BRIDGE LIVE has HD signals connected to Ports 3 and 4 indicated in Figure 87 above in the Interfaces area However in this example we will encode only the HD signal coming in...

Page 61: ...Creating a Pipeline to Decode Incoming Stream to Uncompressed SDI Adding New Stream From the BRIDGE LIVE Dashboard click Add new stream in the lower left corner Figure 89 Add new stream button Dashboard displays a page that presents Input and Output stream configuration options Naming the Pipeline From the top of the Input stream configuration options column click edit name found immediately to th...

Page 62: ...indow Enter a name for your new pipeline in the Edit pipeline name field For this example we are using Rx from Remote Truck as the new pipeline name NOTE There is a 24 character limit on the pipeline name After clicking OK the new pipeline will be shown in the left column of Dashboard Figure 92 The left column of Dashboard showing the newly named pipeline that you are setting up ...

Page 63: ... 5050 Ethernet card Ethernet card 1 SRT mode Caller Compliance with Auto detected Auto Detecting Video Streams In the lower right area click Apply configuration Figure 94 Apply configuration button The Input stream configuration options column updates to show a new heading called Auto detected video streams Figure 95 New heading displays called Auto detected video streams Beneath the heading what ...

Page 64: ...ure 97 Add output stream button New fields display for naming and configuring your new output stream Naming the Output Stream Under the heading Output stream options enter a name in the Name field For Stream type select SDI Figure 98 Output stream options panel Selecting the Output Stream Sink Type Under the heading Output stream sink select AJA Corvid 44 12G BNC 0 from the SDI device drop down me...

Page 65: ... options pre populated Applying Configuration Settings From the lower right corner of Dashboard click Apply configuration BRIDGE LIVE applies all your configuration settings and initiates the new pipeline Figure 101 Apply configuration button After BRIDGE LIVE accepts your configuration settings the left column will update to show the new pipeline When both circle halves are green the pipeline is ...

Page 66: ...ompressed SDI Program Feed to Streams Adding New Pipeline to the Production Studio BRIDGE LIVE From the Production Studio BRIDGE LIVE Dashboard click Add new pipeline in the lower left corner Figure 104 Add new pipeline button Dashboard displays a page that presents Input and Output stream configuration options Naming the Pipeline From the top of the Input stream configuration options column click...

Page 67: ...pipeline name Use a simple name that your users will understand NOTE There is a 24 character limit on the pipeline name If you use more than 24 characters an error message indicates you have exceeded the 24 character limit and you will not be able to save the name After clicking OK the new pipeline will be shown in the left column of Dashboard Both half circles are gray indicating that the Pipelin...

Page 68: ...SDI SDI device AJA Corvid 44 12G BNC 0 Port Port 3 Auto Detecting Video Streams In the lower right area click Apply configuration Figure 109 Apply configuration button The Input stream configuration options column updates to show a new heading called Auto detected video streams Figure 110 New heading displays called Auto detected video streams Beneath the heading what is shown is Video 1 Uncompres...

Page 69: ...ring your new output stream Some of the fields of the Output stream column are auto populated matching the detected Input stream Naming the Output Stream Under the heading Output stream options enter a name in the Name field For example SDI 59 94 to H 264 or any name that will be descriptive to your users for this specific output stream Figure 113 Output stream options panel Selecting the Output S...

Page 70: ...d in the Production Studio that you will be transmitting from For the Port number use any available port Here we are using port number 5050 Select the Ethernet card that is being used to communicate to your network For SRT mode select Listener Figure 115 Output stream sink configuration Output Stream Video Configuration Options Next under the heading Output stream video configuration options for V...

Page 71: ...nfiguration Figure 117 Apply configuration button BRIDGE LIVE takes just a few moments to process the settings Once finished the left column updates to show your newly created Pipeline Tx to Remote Truck The two green circle halves indicate that both the input and output sides of the Pipeline are running with no errors Figure 118 The newly created Pipeline displaying in the left column ...

Page 72: ... four SDI ports can be used simultaneously for 3G SDI I O The SDI ports can be used as all inputs all outputs or a mixture Alternatively one SDI port can be used for 12G SDI I O but doing so will disable the remaining ports Output Stream Options Supported Output Data for Single Program Transport Stream BRIDGE LIVE supports the following types of output data in a single program transport stream Vid...

Page 73: ...ut streams settings It also shows the situation where there are multiple output streams already configured When adding an output stream it is important to name it clearly to eliminate any potential confusion as to what it is Besides the mandatory options to direct the output to a specific network interface and a remote node these settings have more attributes that impact the quality of the resulti...

Page 74: ...ite broadcast for example It can carry multiple programs Each program contains packets of video stream audio stream and metadata if present BRIDGE LIVE supports receiving and processing the MPEG TS streams detects all programs and allows its users to choose them easily RTMP S BRIDGE LIVE supports RTMP streaming output only RTMP output in BRIDGE LIVE supports both streams with and without authentic...

Page 75: ... the video only This attribute has a direct impact on the resulting quality the lower the allowed video bit rate the less the quality of transmitted data You can limit the total video bit rate which will define which part of the total bit rate is dedicated to video data In some scenarios it may be necessary to adjust the total bit rate overhead over the video bit rate PCR Stream Some receivers req...

Page 76: ...Streams If you need multiple similar output streams within one pipeline you can clone an output stream that you have created earlier To Clone an Output Stream 1 Hover your mouse over the output stream that you want to clone A clone button displays Figure 121 Hovering mouse over output stream shows cloning button 2 Click the clone button A copy of the output stream displays beneath the original 3 M...

Page 77: ...with the IP address of an external to it unit where the data will be listened to NOTE SRT is a connection oriented communication and therefore cannot use multicast IP delivery Configuring Output Side of SRT Transmission When creating the pipeline s output side you can choose to send the traffic via SRT in order to make the connection more reliable and prevent image loss during transmission In the ...

Page 78: ...0 5051 5052 and 5053 are all viable to enable easy traversing of firewalls and other potential obstacles It usually does not matter which port is used it just needs to match on both ends One Output Stream Multiple Port Numbers If you have 10 remote clients who all want to view the same SRT stream you can Configure Sinks to add 10 new sinks incrementing the port number for each additional remote cl...

Page 79: ...o view the same SRT stream but 5 of them require 15Mbps and the other 5 require 8Mbps you would need to create two separate output streams one for 15Mbps and another for 8Mbps For each output stream configure five sinks each with a unique port number to correspond to the 5 remote receiving clients Encoding two output streams rather than one is more demanding on the BRIDGE LIVE system However it me...

Page 80: ...lications such as web browsers For browsers all that is needed is the URL with the playlist extension Safari has this support natively Chrome and Firefox have extensions available for HLS playback NOTE HLS is not useful for contribution backhaul or any other workflow that requires low latency The best way to deliver HLS with BRIDGE LIVE is to provide the pre packed video to a CDN This means many e...

Page 81: ...nd 10 bit depth GOP size distance between two I frames B count number of B frames between two P frames H265 Encoding Options H 265 supports UltraHD It is newer and even more efficient than H 264 Its efficiency is in decoding Encoding requires more computing power up front Profile Main Main10 Main uses 8 bit encoding decoding Main 10 uses 10 bit encoding decoding On a system level 10 bit I O is mor...

Page 82: ...SDI metadata stream as CEA 608 or CEA 708 Output PID In general each elementary stream or table in MPEG TS is identified by a packet Identifier You can specify the PID for your output MPEG TS Otherwise it defaults to the source s PID Output Stream Audio Configuration Options While configuring the output stream you can choose which transmitted audio or metadata channels you wish to include The conf...

Page 83: ...ream that you want to clone A clone button displays Figure 127 Hovering mouse over output audio stream shows cloning button 2 Click the clone button A copy of the output audio stream displays beneath the original 3 Make any modifications you need to the copy of the original output audio stream Figure 128 The cloned output audio stream copy 1 ...

Page 84: ...nput stream is being sent For example when BRIDGE LIVE is using the IP address 172 23 26 29 it would receive a unicast transport stream at that IP address and port 5000 So the valid input combination in BRIDGE LIVE would be an IP address of 172 23 26 29 or just 0 0 0 0 and port number 5000 NOTE Entering the IP address of 0 0 0 0 for the input stream tells BRIDGE LIVE to use the IP address of its s...

Page 85: ... provide a time slot to re send lost UDP packets if they occur This is what allows SRT protocol to establish a reliable connection with the focus on removing video disruptions Choosing the Program Number When you wish to choose which program to use you need to enable the Program number configuration in Input stream configuration options Once allowed you can select the program number from a drop do...

Page 86: ...resolution change use the Cropping Padding configuration window to adjust settings for the input video and output video Click Configure cropping and padding in the Output stream video configuration options area to access the configuration window Figure 132 The Cropping Padding configuration window For the input video you can adjust frame size left top cropping and right bottom cropping ...

Page 87: ...e number 1890 is being used to crop the right side 1890 indicates the horizontal offset after the last pixel to be used from the input video frame width by default Use a value greater than the width to create explicit padding The number 1060 is being used to crop the bottom 1060 indicates the vertical offset after the last pixel to be used from the input video frame height by default Use a value g...

Page 88: ...uration First a logo file in the png format must be uploaded and selected After that the user can choose to position the logo either in pixels or set its positions using percent If for some reason a logo has to have adjusted scale it s possible to do it using the Logo scaling option If you save a pipeline that uses the Logo insertion function and has some logo uploaded as a preset it will be saved...

Page 89: ... markers SCTE104 in SDI Pass through capabilities Creating and Loading Preset Configurations for Streams Presets In order to avoid manually configuring Pipelines you can save configuration settings to a file You can then load the saved configuration settings from the file and instantly populate all the settings saving time and potential configuration errors Presets can also serve as a way to backu...

Page 90: ...s the Preset file You can view or edit it using a text editor To load a preset configuration 1 From Dashboard hover your mouse over Add new pipeline from the lower left area Figure 138 Add new pipeline 2 Click on the vertical row of three dots Three buttons display giving you the choice of Delete all Upload a preset or Download all as a preset Figure 139 Three buttons displaying after clicking the...

Page 91: ...erequisite Before going through the steps of this process it is a requirement that BRIDGE LIVE is actively sending out a stream through a configured pipeline Generating a PCAP Packet Capture File You can generate a PCAP file in the command line SSH as a sudo user It is ideal to use a sample that does not contain any dropped packets Capturing data using this method must use UDP or RTP It will not w...

Page 92: ...ted successfully it will create a file on the BRIDGE LIVE device located at this path tmp input_sample pcap NOTE Modify the command as needed to reflect your own port number eno Ethernet card and duration to match your pipeline configuration and requirements Download the PCAP File 1 Use sFTP SSH to login to BRIDGE LIVE 2 Navigate to the tmp path and download the pcap file For example get input_sam...

Page 93: ...so be prompted to select which network interface s default gateway will be used as a default route likewise for every interface Figure 3 on page 15 shows the Dashboard view which is the homepage of the UI What s In the Box BRIDGE LIVE Quick Start Guide BRIDGE LIVE appliance including pre installed rack ears rack rails two power cables As you unpack the shipping box carefully examine the contents M...

Page 94: ... LEDs On the rear of each power supply module an LED indicates its status as follows Solid Green When illuminated indicates that the power supply is on Solid Amber When illuminated indicates the power supply is plugged in and turned off or the system is off but in an abnormal state Blinking Amber When blinking this system power supply temperature has reached 63 C The system will automatically powe...

Page 95: ...ies and connect them to separate branch circuits so that the BRIDGE LIVE will continue to operate even if a circuit breaker opens on one branch 7 Connect a computer monitor user supplied to one of the rear DisplayPort ports 8 Connect a keyboard and mouse user supplied to available rear USB 3 0 connectors 9 Power up the chassis The system will boot up to the BRIDGE LIVE application Initial System S...

Page 96: ...s shown below Model BRIDGE LIVE Serial Number C5140A127A60026 Example Chassis SN 15 Characters See QuickStart Guide for actual SN for unit Username admin Password See QuickStart Guide for unique Password per unit After logging in you will need to accept license agreements presented and after doing so you will arrive at the AJA BRIDGE LIVE interface EULA When you login to the BRIDGE LIVE UI for the...

Page 97: ...etup from the Setup drop down menu in the upper right area of Dashboard Figure 146 Accessing the Setup menu Host Name Set the System Hostname by entering a name in the Hostname field then click Next step Figure 147 Setting the System Hostname Configuration of Network Connectivity Configure each of the two 10GbE interfaces ...

Page 98: ...s applied to only one port If applied to more than one port you will see a warning message but not an error NOTE With a dual NIC setup you cannot have both NICs connected to the same network Assign Address Select one of the following DHCP Static IPv4 Address Mask Default gateway Mask Gateway Click Next step Configuration of GPU and CPU Acceleration This section is informational only It reports det...

Page 99: ...gs Figure 150 Configuration summary Default Route This is used for setting up the BRIDGE LIVE system so that it communicates correctly within your network The default route determines which interface is used by BRIDGE LIVE for outbound communication The Default route is also used for internal communication It is typically the address of another router which treats the packet the same way if a rout...

Page 100: ...m the Password management page you can enable or disable SSH access to BRIDGE LIVE altogether by clicking the Enable button if currently disabled or the Disable button if currently enabled underneath the Secure Shell SSH heading Remote secure shell SSH access is intended only for the transcoder user console user Password Management Manage passwords for the admin user web application user and the t...

Page 101: ...153 Version management Upgrading page 4 Select Upload upgrade file and browse to the downloaded update 5 Select Perform upgrade BRIDGE LIVE will upload and install the update Following the upgrade you can verify the version installed if you like by navigating to Setup System information Figure 154 Accessing the System information page from the Setup menu The System Information page displays indica...

Page 102: ...mation from the Setup menu in the upper right area of Dashboard The System Information page displays Figure 156 Accessing the System Information page from the Setup menu From the System Information page the Installation ID is found a few lines below the top of the page Installing a New License Package Typically new BRIDGE LIVE License Packages are delivered as a zip file If zipped please unzip the...

Page 103: ...ile A navigation window opens 5 Navigate to your new License Package location choose the file and select Open The new License Package will install Contacting AJA Technical Support Email support aja com Phone 1 530 271 3190 Fax 1 530 274 9442 Web https www aja com support contact Shipping 180 Litton Dr Grass Valley CA 95945 USA With the Installation ID in hand contact AJA Support AJA Support will a...

Page 104: ... transcoder user For more information about logging in as a transcoder user please see User Types on page 13 Login to BRIDGE LIVE as Transcoder on page 92 Setting Remote Shell Access on page 100 WARNING When using SSH to access the BRIDGE LIVE system and run commands as a root sudo user please exercise caution It is possible to severely or irreparably damage the system if you are not clear on what...

Page 105: ...de file is located 6 Select the upgrade file then click Perform upgrade BRIDGE LIVE will upload and install the update This may take several minutes Your BRIDGE LIVE unit will be upgraded to the version that you just uploaded Following the upgrade you can verify the version installed if you like by navigating to Setup System information Figure 163 Accessing the System information page from the Set...

Page 106: ... page 100 WARNING When using SSH to access the BRIDGE LIVE system and run commands as a root sudo user please exercise caution It is possible to severely or irreparably damage the system if you are not clear on what you are doing Please seek appropriate guidance if you are uncertain about how to proceed C From the command prompt enter the command lsblk This command returns a list of all connected ...

Page 107: ...he upgrade file is located 8 Select the upgrade file then click Perform upgrade BRIDGE LIVE will upload and install the update This may take several minutes Your BRIDGE LIVE unit will be upgraded to the version that you just uploaded Following the upgrade you can verify the version installed if you like by navigating to Setup System information Figure 167 Accessing the System information page from...

Page 108: ... configuration under Available settings drop down menu download them upload new ones and delete custom configuration files Click the Apply button in order to set the chosen settings configuration After that you will be prompted to restart the BRIDGE LIVE service in order to apply changes This configuration allows you to edit parameters which adjust the transcoding process such as GPU memory distri...

Page 109: ...clicking the Version management option under Setup mouse over You can select from uploaded upgrade files which you need to obtain from your supplier first Select the particular version you are interested in and click the Perform upgrade button After that you will be asked whether you want to restart the server right away or do it later Figure 170 Version Management ...

Page 110: ...k setup and passwords will revert to default factory settings Only your current licenses will be preserved Once changes are applied the server will restart itself and boot into the factory state The process takes approximately one minute Factory Reset There are several methods for performing a Factory Reset to BRIDGE LIVE The first method is to use the web UI Setup Version Management Perform facto...

Page 111: ...2 From the command line interface enter the following command ostree factory reset 3 You will need the original Admin credentials indicated in the Quick Start Guide in order to login following the factory reset To Perform a Factory Reset Remotely Using the Command Line Interface 1 Launch a command prompt for Mac or Windows Terminal application on a Mac Command Prompt on Windows 2 Login to your BRI...

Page 112: ...iguration or diagnostic Default Accounts Admin User Admin Username admin Used for local login browser login and REST API Admin Password See the Quick Start Guide that was originally delivered with your unit for your factory provided unique password Transcoder User Transcoder Username transcoder Used for CLI SSH Transcoder Password See the Quick Start Guide that was originally delivered with your u...

Page 113: ...DGE LIVE UI offers a somewhat limited set of possibilities to configure the network interface In the event that you need to set it more precisely CentOS 7 has three main options for how to configure network interfaces 1 ifcfg files It uses ifcfg network configuration script files placed in etc sysconfig network scripts It is used internally in BRIDGE LIVE You can manually adjust some parameters wh...

Page 114: ...or issues that arise from making use of the IPMI functionality To access the IPMI of a Supermicro server you need to know the IP address to which you want to connect With BRIDGE LIVE you do not need to have the dedicated IPMI interface plugged in since IPMI shares an interface with the OS while having its own IP address You can find the IP address using an app on your phone Android iOS PC IPMIView...

Page 115: ...he API button Featured Curl commands The API documentation is extensive However the following list of certain Curl commands may be especially useful as you get started list network interfaces curl http localhost 8080 api system network interfaces i H Accept application json list all available pipelines curl http localhost 8080 api pipelines i H Accept application json add simple pipeline with inpu...

Page 116: ...ic IP 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 11 9 GPU utilization snmpwalk v2c cpublic IP 1 3 6 1 4 1 50087 1 1 4 1 3 Available GPUs snmpwalk v2c cpublic IP 1 3 6 1 4 1 50087 1 1 4 1 2 Inbound streams snmpwalk v2c cpublic IP 1 3 6 1 4 1 50087 1 2 2 1 Outbound streams snmpwalk v2c cpublic IP 1 3 6 1 4 1 50087 1 2 3 1 Dropped frames snmpwalk v2c cpublic IP 1 3 6 1 4 1 50087 1 2 3 1 8 Overall status snmpwalk v2c cpublic I...

Page 117: ... 3 Events get cleared by a trap containing an event message with severity clear 3 Event messages regarding the same event are linked together by the same trcEventKey trcEvent structure trcEventIndex trcEventKey trcEventObject trcEventObjectName trcEventSeverity trcEventText trcEventCreatedTime The event message contains all necessary information about the event eventObject OID of the alarming obje...

Page 118: ...re snmp mibs COMPRIMATO SYSTEMS MIB txt Setup to configure the SNMP agent open etc snmp snmpd conf for editing as sudo find the line that reads trap2sink localhost public replace localhost with the IP address of the SNMP manager The line should then look like this trap2sink 172 12 5 123 public save the file restart SNMP services sudo systemctl restart snmpd and sudo systemctl restart snmptrapd ...

Page 119: ...administration environment You can access the system administration environment only through the local interface It is not available through remote browser Use the CentOS standard shortcut Ctrl Alt F1 in order to switch the view Here you can use Unix commands to operate the system Using Ctrl Alt F2 will bring you back to the web UI How can I collect BRIDGE LIVE log files You can see logs in the fo...

Page 120: ...ether your target machine is receiving network data or VLC to visualize the content I see frame drops in the UI What can be the cause There are two possible causes flaws in the input or performance bottlenecks The rule of thumb is to investigate whether drops occur when the machine is not fully utilized If so the problem may be in the input itself when some frames can be corrupted by losses during...

Page 121: ...d by the pipeline due to flawed images high latency etc in a specified time slot is dropped stream wasn t detected in source stream The provided stream parameters width height frame rate or standard compliance during configuration in the UI do not match the auto detected parameters from the input Transport stream Video is being encoded at a lower frame rate xxx than required yyy The video encoder ...

Page 122: ...nt Sampling SDI YCbCr 4 2 2 10 bit Transport Streams YCbCr 4 2 2 10 bit 8 bit YCbCr 4 2 0 10 bit 8 bit NDI P216 4 2 2 16 bit UYVY 4 2 2 8 bit Video Codecs H 264 AVC MPEG 4 H 265 HEVC JPEG 2000 VSF TR 01 MPEG 2 NDI Audio Streams Codecs AAC AC3 E AC3 input MPEG 2 Audio NDI uncompressed float Uncompressed PCM multi channel SMPTE 302M 2007 Metadata Closed Captioning EIA 608 708 Line 21 Captions Metada...

Page 123: ...el Remapping Gain Sample Rate conversion Synchronization Input PCR Global configuration in separate transport stream Local configuration in each transport stream Output PTS Pass through Add offset to input PTS NTP Encoder Synchronous Multi Channel Transport PCR Decoder Synchronous Multi Channel Transport Performance Stream startup time maximum 5 seconds after configuration applied Latency down to ...

Page 124: ...io Input Digital 16 channel 16 and 24 bit SDI embedded audio 48 kHz sample rate synchronous per SDI connection Audio Output Digital 16 channel 16 and 24 bit SDI embedded audio 48 kHz sample rate synchronous per SDI connection Configuration and Monitoring Local Kiosk interface keyboard mouse and monitor Remote access via Browser REST API SNMP Form Factor 1RU turnkey system 4x full size BNC 12G 6G 3...

Page 125: ...iance v1 12 125 www aja com Environment Safe Operating Temperature 5 to 35 C 41 to 95 F Safe Storage Temperature Power OFF 40 to 60 C 40 to 140 F Operating Relative Humidity 8 90 noncondensing Nonoperating Relative Humidity 5 95 noncondensing ...

Page 126: ... A B Color Space Sampling Bit Depth 2048x1080p 23 98 24 25 29 97 30 A YCbCr 4 2 2 10 47 95 48 50 59 94 60 1920x1080p 23 98 24 25 29 97 30 A YCbCr 4 2 2 10 50 59 94 60 1920x1080i 50 59 94 60 A YCbCr 4 2 2 10 1280x720p 50 59 94 60 A YCbCr 4 2 2 10 1x 1 5Gb SDI Format Frame Rate Color Space Sampling Bit Depth 2048x1080p 23 98 24 25 29 97 30 YCbCr 4 2 2 10 1920x1080p 23 98 24 25 29 97 30 YCbCr 4 2 2 1...

Page 127: ...he following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Canadian ICES Statement Canadian Department of Communications Radio Interference Regulations This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class A limits for radio noise emissions from a digital apparatus as set ...

Page 128: ...r Funkstörgrenzwertklasse A In Wohnbereichen können bei Betrieb dieses Gerätes Rundfunkstörungen auftreten in welchen Fällen der Benutzer für entsprechende Gegenmaßnahmen verantwortlich ist Attention Ceci est un produit de Classe A Dans un environnement domestique ce produit risque de créer des interférences radioélectriques il appartiendra alors à l utilisateur de prendre les mesures spécifiques ...

Page 129: ...plementation rules for compulsory certification REF NO CNCA C08 01 2014 CNCA C09 01 2014 under certificate number 2021010805367344 Translated Warning and Caution Messages The following caution statements warning conventions and warning messages apply to this product and manual Before Operation Please Read These Instructions Warning Read and follow all warning notices and instructions marked on the...

Page 130: ...erdo con las instrucciones del fabricante Aviso Não obstrua nenhuma das aberturas de ventilação Instale de acordo com as instruções do fabricante Avviso Non ostruire le aperture di ventilazione Installare in conformità con le istruzioni del fornitore Warning Do not install near any heat sources such as radiators heat registers stoves or other apparatus including amplifiers that produce heat Averti...

Page 131: ...iga que sirve para la conexión a tierra La expiga ancha o la tercera espiga sirven para su seguridad Si el enchufe suministrado no encaja en el tomacorriente consulte con un electricista para reemplazar el tomacorriente obsoleto Aviso Não anule a finalidade da segurança da ficha polarizada ou do tipo ligação terra Uma ficha polarizada tem duas lâminas sendo uma mais larga do que a outra Uma ficha ...

Page 132: ... ou de ser comprimido particularmente nas fichas em tomadas de parede de conveniência e no ponto de onde sai do dispositivo Avviso Proteggere il cavo di alimentazione in modo che nessuno ci cammini sopra e che non venga schiacciato soprattutto in corrispondenza delle spine e del punto in cui esce dal dispositivo Warning Unplug this device during lightning storms or when unused for long periods of ...

Page 133: ...e se encontra danificado a quando foi derramado líquido ou caíram objectos sobre o dispositivo quando o dispositivo foi exposto à chuva ou à humidade quando não funciona normalmente ou quando foi deixado cair Avviso Fare riferimento al personale qualificato per tutti gli interventi di assistenza L assistenza è necessaria quando il dispositivo è stato danneggiato in qualche modo ad esempio se il ca...

Page 134: ...ette situation ou condition peut causer des blessures dues à un choc électrique Warnung Hochspannung Diese Situation oder Bedingung kann zu Verletzungen durch Stromschlag führen Advertencia Alto voltaje Esta situación o condición puede causar lesiones debidas a una descarga eléctrica Aviso Alta Tensão Esta situação ou condição pode causar danos devido a choques elétricos Avviso Alta tensione Quest...

Page 135: ...ser ce produit en toute sécurité il faut un raccordement à la terre Ce raccordement s effectue par l intermédiaire du connecteur de terre dans le cordon d alimentation de l équipement Pour réduire le risque d électrocution de l opérateur ou du personnel de maintenance ce cordon avec conducteur de terre doit être branché sur une prise reliée à la terre Achtung Gefährliche Spannungen Sichere Bedienu...

Page 136: ... Customer shall bear all shipping packing insurance and other costs excluding parts and labor to effectuate repair Customer shall pack and ship the defective product to a service center designated by AJA Video with shipping charges prepaid AJA Video shall pay to return the product to Customer but only if to a location within the country in which the AJA Video service center is located SOME JURISDI...

Page 137: ...to meet local requirements and in the event of a dispute between the English and any non English versions the English version of this warranty will govern This limited warranty gives you specific legal rights and you may have other rights that vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction some of which are noted above ...

Page 138: ...3 68 Input stream video configuration 41 42 51 52 57 58 63 64 68 69 Installation 22 94 102 103 IP address 13 14 30 32 33 41 57 63 75 77 84 85 118 IPMI 114 J JPEG 2K 11 12 40 43 JPEG 2000 9 19 25 39 41 42 72 80 84 89 L latency 9 15 19 85 121 license 11 12 17 18 25 39 96 102 103 104 113 136 Licenses 18 102 104 Licensing 102 103 Live Streaming 9 36 37 Locally 13 log 13 119 login 13 14 96 112 Logo Ins...

Page 139: ... 21 22 Streams to SDI Decoding 39 Stream to SDI 11 12 System 13 15 19 20 21 22 23 93 95 97 100 102 108 112 T Technical Support 2 Tech Specs 122 transcoder 13 100 112 113 114 117 119 120 Transport Streams 25 39 U UDP 25 30 32 39 41 57 63 72 77 84 85 UltraHD 10 11 12 72 81 Uncompressed 25 28 39 43 51 59 65 68 72 84 89 Uncompressed SDI 25 39 72 84 URL 33 34 37 74 75 115 User Types 13 V verify 18 32 9...

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