Yuchai YC6A Series, Руководство по эксплуатации и техническому обслуживанию

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3.8 增压器
Turbocharger
YC6A
、
YC6B
、
YC6J
系列增压的柴油机均采用废气涡轮增压系统。其工作原理如下图所
示。柴油机排气管
1
接到增压器的涡轮壳
4
上，柴油机排出的高温和有一定压力的废气经涡轮
壳 4 进入喷嘴环 2 ，由于喷嘴环的通道面积由大到小，因而废气的压力和温度下降，而速度却
迅速提高。这个高速的废气气流，按着一定的方向冲击涡轮
3
，使涡轮高速旋转。废气的压力、
温度和速度越高，涡轮转动越快。通过涡轮的废气最后排入大气。因为涡轮
3
与压气机叶轮
8
固装在同一根转轴上，所以叶轮与涡轮以相同的速度旋转，将经过空气滤清器滤清过的空气吸
入压气机壳。旋转的压气机叶轮将空气压力提高后进入气缸，由于空气密度增加，进入气缸的
空气量也增加，因而可以增加喷入气缸的油量，从而提高发动机功率，降低燃油消耗率。
YC6A
、
YC6B
、
YC6J series diesel engine adopts exhaust gas turbo Turbocharged system.
The working principle is shown as following. The diesel engine exhaust pipe 1 is connected to
the turbo housing 4 of the Turbocharger; high temperature of the diesel engine and the
exhaust gas with certain pressure will enter the injection ring 2 through turbo housing. Since
the path area of the injection ring changes from large to small, the pressure and temperature
of the gas will decrease, but the speed increases rapidly. The high speed gas flow will rush
the turbo 3 as per certain direction to make turbo rotating at high speed. The higher the
pressure, temperature and speed are, the quicker the turbo rotates. The exhaust gas will
exhaust to outside through turbo. The turbo 3 and air compressor impeller 8 are installed on
the same shaft, so the impeller and turbo rotate at the same speed to suck the air passing the
filter to air compressor housing. The rotating air compressor impeller will increase the air