Definitions
3
Client:
A computer or device that makes use of a server. As an example, the client might request a particular file from the server.
DHCP:
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol. In this procedure the network server or router takes note of a client’s MAC address and
assigns an IP address to allow the client to communicate with other devices on the network.
DNS Server:
A DNS (Domain Name System) server translates domain names (ie: www.vikingelectronics.com) into an IP address.
Ethernet:
Ethernet is the most commonly used LAN technology. An Ethernet Local Area Network typically uses twisted pair wires to
achieve transmission speeds up to 1Gbps.
Host:
A computer or device connected to a network.
Host Name:
A host name is a label assigned to a device connected to a computer network that is used to identify the device in various
forms of network communication.
Hosts File:
A file stored in a computer that lists host names and their corresponding IP addresses with the purpose of mapping addresses
to hosts or vice versa.
Internet:
A worldwide system of computer networks running on IP protocol which can be accessed by individual computers or networks.
IP:
Internet Protocol is the set of communications conventions that govern the way computers communicate on networks and on the In-
ternet.
IP Address:
This is the address that uniquely identifies a host on a network.
LAN:
Local Area Network. A LAN is a network connecting computers and other devices within an office or building.
Lease:
The amount of time a DHCP server reserves an address it has assigned. If the address isn’t used by the host for a period of
time, the lease can expire and the address can be assigned to another host.
MAC Address:
MAC stands for Media Access Control. A MAC address, also called a hardware address or physical address, is a unique
address assigned to a device at the factory. It resides in the device’s memory and is used by routers to send network traffic to the correct
IP address. You can find the MAC address of your
E-60-IP
phone printed on a white label on the top surface of the PoE LAN port.
Router:
A device that forwards data from one network to another. In order to send information to the right location, routers look at IP Ad-
dress, MAC Address and Subnet Mask.
RTP:
Real-Time Transport Protocol is an Internet protocol standard that specifies a way for programs to manage the real-time transmission
of multimedia data over either unicast or multicast network services.
Server:
A computer or device that fulfills requests from a client. This could involve the server sending a particular file requested by the
client.
Session Initiation Protocol (SIP):
Is a signaling communications protocol, widely used for controlling multimedia communication sessions
such as voice and video calls over Internet Protocol (IP) networks. The protocol defines the messages that are sent between endpoints,
which govern establishment, termination and other essential elements of a call.
Static IP Address:
A static IP Address has been assigned manually and is permanent until it is manually removed. It is not subject to the
Lease limitations of a Dynamic IP Address assigned by the DHCP Server. The default static IP Address is:
192.168.154.1
Subnet:
A portion of a network that shares a common address component. On TCP/IP networks, subnets are defined as all devices
whose IP addresses have the same prefix. For example, all devices with IP addresses that start with 100.100.100. would be part of the
same subnet. Dividing a network into subnets is useful for both security and performance reasons. IP networks are divided using a subnet
mask.
TCP/IP:
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol is the suite of communications protocols used to connect hosts on the Internet.
TCP/IP uses several protocols, the two main ones being TCP and IP. TCP/IP is built into the UNIX operating system and is used by the
Internet, making it the de facto standard for transmitting data over networks.
TISP:
Telephone Internet Service Provider
WAN:
Wide Area Network. A WAN is a network comprising a large geographical area like a state or country. The largest WAN is the In-
ternet.
Wireless Access Point (AP):
A device that allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network using Wi-Fi, or related standards. The
AP usually connects to a router (via a wired network) as a standalone device, but it can also be an integral component of the router itself.
Wireless Repeater (Wireless Range Extender):
takes an existing signal from a wireless router or access point and rebroadcasts it to
create a second network. When two or more hosts have to be connected with one another over the IEEE 802.11 protocol and the distance
is too long for a direct connection to be established, a wireless repeater is used to bridge the gap.
