Toshiba 8100 series, Руководство пользователя

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Part III: Appendixes
Glossary
292
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) character set: The set of
characters available in Microsoft Windows (or other operating
system). The character set includes letters, numbers, symbols and
foreign language characters.
American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII): A set of
256 binary codes that represent the most commonly used letters,
numbers and symbols. See also
binary .
application: A computer program that you use to perform tasks of a
specific type. Applications include word processors, spreadsheets
and database management systems. See also
program .
asynchronous: A type of data transmission in which information is sent
at variable time intervals. To indicate when a transmitted character
begins and ends, it is preceded by a start bit and followed by an
optional parity bit and one or two stop bits. See also
synchronous.
AUTOEXEC.BAT: A batch file containing MS-DOS commands that the
computer performs every time you start or restart it. For example,
your computer’s original AUTOEXEC.BAT file contains
commands that load the Windows operating system. See also
batch
file .
AVI (Audio Video Interleaved): Microsoft Corporation’s trade name for
synchronization and digital compression of video and audio signals.
B
backup: A copy of a file, usually on removable disk or tape, kept in case
the original file is lost or damaged. It’s a good idea to keep backup
copies of all your important files.
base memory: See conventional memory .
basic input/output system (BIOS): A set of basic computer instructions.
The BIOS, in a ROM chip, contains the information the computer
needs to check the hardware and load the operating system.
batch file: A file, ending with a .BAT extension, containing MS-DOS
commands that you can perform together, rather than typing them
one at a time. Batch files are useful if you have a series of MS-DOS
commands that you need to type fairly often. For example you could
use a batch file for the commands needed to log on to a network. See
also
AUTOEXEC.BAT .