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Appendix C: Glossary and Basic Concepts

This chapter provides a list of important terms and basic concepts you should
understand while working with SkyWay-Net.

It includes the following information:

Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations ............................ 89

Basic Concepts ................................................................ 94

Connection Types ........................................................... 99

Antennas ......................................................................... 99

Protocols ....................................................................... 102

Equipment ..................................................................... 103

Site Survey .................................................................... 103

Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations

10/100 Base-TX

- Twisted pair Ethernet cable with 8 pins.

100 Base-FX

-Fiber-optic Ethernet cable with 2 pins.

ACK

(Acknowledgement) - Response sent from the receiver to indicate

successful reception of information.

Administrative Console

- Console in which administrator can make and apply

configuration settings to the unit, monitor performance, and obtain transmission
statistics.

ADP

(Automatic Discovery Protocol) - Used by the base station to discover the

substations.

ARP

(Address Resolution Protocol) - TCP/IP protocol used to dynamically bind a

high level IP Address to a low-level physical hardware address.

Azimuth Setting

- Left-to-right sweep of an antenna.

Ballast

- Something that provides stability.

Bandwidth

- Available speed at which network can transmit data.

Содержание SkyMate

Страница 1: ...SkyWay Series Multi Point Operator s Guide i SkyWay Series Multi Point Operator s Guide for SkyWay Net and SkyMate Wireless Bridge Routers ...

Страница 2: ...ration Solectek is a trademark of Solectek Corporation IBM and AT are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation Microsoft and MS DOS are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Novell and NetWare are registered trademarks of Novell Inc Other trademarks are the property of their respective holders Copyright Solectek Corporation 2000 All rights reserved Contacting T...

Страница 3: ... The SkyWay Series Bridge Router relies on the building s installation for short circuit overcurrent protection Make sure that a fuse or circuit breaker not larger than 120 VAC 15A U S 240 VAC 10A international is used on the phase conductors all current carrying conductors Before working on the SkyWay Series chassis unplug the power cord from the AC outlet or disconnect the fuse or circuit breake...

Страница 4: ...oduct clause at 252 227 7013 and in subparagraphs a through d of the Commercial Product Restricted Rights Clause at 52 227 19 Contractor Manufacturer is Solectek 6370 Nancy Ridge Drive Suite 109 San Diego California In order to comply with FCC RF exposure requirements a minimum separation distance of 27 in must be maintained between the antenna and any persons When installing the antenna ensure th...

Страница 5: ...ser of these products outside the United States of America should prior to such use contact the government department or other agency responsible for assigning radio frequencies in the country in which use is proposed to determine whether such department or agency has any objection to operation of these products in the 2 4 2 4835 GHz band and whether there are any other local devices generating si...

Страница 6: ...About This Manual vi ...

Страница 7: ...Regulatory Information iv FCC Radio Frequency Interference Statement iv Industrie Canada Radio Frequency Interference Statement iv U S Government Restricted Rights Legend iv Radio Transmission Notice v Preface xiii Intended Audience xiii Using This Guide xiv Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your SkyWay Series 1 General Description 1 Navigating Through Menus and Screens 2 Dot Commands 3 ...

Страница 8: ...r s Password 9 Accessing the SkyWay Series Bridge Router 10 Local Access using the Console 10 Connecting the Console 11 Opening a Console session using Hyperterminal 12 Remote Access Using Telnet 12 WCOPP AP Modes 13 Standby 13 Standard 13 Manual 13 Promiscuous 14 Configuring the SkyWay Net as a Base Station 14 Configuring the SkyWay Net as a Substation 16 Configuring SkyMate Substation s 17 Bridg...

Страница 9: ... the SkyWay Subs 37 Confirming RF changes on the SkyMate Subs 37 Bandwidth Management 38 Configuring Bandwidth Management 39 Verifying Bandwidth Management Changes 39 SNMP 40 Setting Network Management Security Parameters 40 SNTP 41 SNTP Configuration 42 Changing SNTP Modes 42 BootP DHCP Server Client Protocols 43 Configuring BootP DHCP on SkyWay Net 43 Configuring BootP and DHCP on SkyMate 47 Fil...

Страница 10: ...atus 62 Monitoring the Ethernet Transceiver Status 63 Routing 63 IP Status 63 Checking IP Protocol Status 63 Checking IP Address Table 65 Checking the IP Address Forward Table 65 Checking the RIP Status 66 Bridging 67 Checking Spanning Tree Status and Bridge Status 68 Checking Spanning Tree Port Status 68 Checking Transparent Bridging Table Status 69 Checking Bridge Port Status Statistics 69 Manag...

Страница 11: ...oring BOOTP Status 77 Monitoring DHCP Declines 78 Monitoring DHCP Statistics 78 Monitoring DHCP Client Protocol Status 79 Monitoring SNTP 79 Monitoring the ARP Cache 80 Appendix A RunTime Bios Application Menu Trees81 Run Time Application Menu Tree 81 Bios Application Menu Tree 84 Appendix B SNMP MIB Trap Messages 87 MIB Definitions 87 SNMP Traps 87 Appendix C Glossary and Basic Concepts 89 Glossa...

Страница 12: ...Table of Contents xii Basic Concepts 94 Connection Types 99 Antennas 99 Protocols 102 Equipment 103 Site Survey 103 Index 107 ...

Страница 13: ...than one year s experience with networking either wireless or traditional You are familiar with basic networking concepts such as bridging IP routing WAN protocols etc You are familiar with your LAN or WAN s topology configuration and design If you will be using Simple Network Management Protocol to manage SkyWay you are familiar with the protocol s terms and usage You are familiar with basic RF w...

Страница 14: ... or both including instructions for setting up base and substations Chapter 3 Monitoring SkyWay Series Network Describes the SkyWay Net utilities you can use to monitor transmission and routing performance Appendix A RunTime Bios Application Menu Trees This appendix provides a list of the SkyWay Net Runtime application menu structure including all screen titles and numbering Appendix B SNMP MIB Tr...

Страница 15: ...miliar with the SkyWay console commands and interface skip this chapter and proceed to Chapter 2 Configuring Your SkyWay Series Unit s on page 7 This information is described in the following sections General Description 1 Navigating Through Menus and Screens 2 Dot Commands 3 General Description SkyWay Series The Long Distance Connection The SkyWay Series of bridge routers SkyWay Net and SkyMate a...

Страница 16: ...d the console the Main Menu appears as shown in the following Use the keys in the following table to navigate through the menus To Press This Key Move down or up through menu options Down or Up Arrows Move through list of field entries Right or Left Arrows or Space Bar Select an item or edit a field Enter Go up one menu level Backslash Move between fields Tab key Up or Down Arrows Enter a command ...

Страница 17: ...Flush utility which allows you to flush one or more of the preceding tables at a time g Go To Go to the specific table record by key value for example port number h Help Go to the HELP screen which lists arrow keys and commands m Monitor Monitor Mode ON or OFF Monitor mode continuously refreshes the data displayed allowing you to see the system operating in real time n Next Display the next record...

Страница 18: ...play in the 4 row space above the command line at the bottom of the screen These rows display field data for the record at the cursor position Editing Fields Fields that you can edit or configure display the current value with a blinking cursor To change the value position the cursor on the field and press Enter or just begin editing the field Field Types The types of field data in a record are Nu...

Страница 19: ...g Cycling a port If you edit any port level configuration parameters you must cycle the port for the changes to take affect immediately for example those in the 1 2 menu tree To cycle the port 1 Go to 2 2 1 Generic Port Status and Control 2 Type 3 press Enter and type g or n until the port 3 is displayed 3 Set the Administrative Status field to Cycle 4 Type w to execute the command Cycle evacuates...

Страница 20: ...Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your SkyWay Series 6 ...

Страница 21: ...figuration 8 Advanced Configuration 27 Network Management 31 File Transfer Utilities 48 Each of these section are divided into subsections These subsections are task oriented with step by step procedures designed to guide you through the configuration process The following describes the basic content of each major section in this chapter Basic Configuration This section discusses the basic aspects...

Страница 22: ...ts to configure your SkyWay Series Bridge Router units including your SkyWay Net Base unit SkyWay Net Substation unit s and your SkyMate Substation units Basic configuration includes Configuring User Access Accessing the SkyWay Series Bridge Router Remote Access Using Telnet WCOPP AP Modes Bridging and Routing Configuring User Access There are two types of user access for the SkyWay Net Super Stan...

Страница 23: ...user 5 Under User Level Select Standard or Super by typing the right arrow key 6 Type w Write when finished To confirm the user has been added 7 Go to the User screen 1 1 3 2 8 All the users should be listed with their user level Viewing Users The User 1 1 3 2 screen can be viewed by both Standard and Super users However Standard user can only view Standard users in this screen Super user can view...

Страница 24: ...ent screens There are two screens associated with the set up of this connection Serial Port Configuration Serial Port Transceiver Configuration Serial Port Configuration Settings for this screen are Title Settings Description Port Number 1 The serial port number is 1 Configuration Status On line or Offline Whether this port configuration initializes upon reset On line means the port comes up as a ...

Страница 25: ...ng connections from the SkyWay Net to the Console or SkyMate to Console Field Title Settings Description Port Number 1 The serial port number is 1 Baud Rate 115200 The transfer or baud rate of the local serial port Data Bits 8 The number of data bits for the serial port Parity NONE The parity setting for the serial port Stop Bits One The number of stop bits for the serial port ...

Страница 26: ...ession Press Enter and login user password solectek Remote Access Using Telnet Telnet is the standard Internet application protocol for remote login It provides the encoding rules to link a user s keyboard display on a client with a command interpreter on a remote server system Telnet uses a single TCP connection and its normal data stream Network Virtual Terminal or NVT mode is 7 bit ASCII with e...

Страница 27: ...sed for plug n play follows the naming convention as follows Using the lower 10 hex digits of the 12 hex digit RF MAC address of the sub station to be added append the upper 7 to the letter C for the prefix and the remaining lower three hex digits for the suffix Thus a MAC address with the following value 0x123456789ABC would have the following configuration file name C1234567 ABC Standard In this...

Страница 28: ...se Station 1 Invalidate the RF Diagnostic Port if present a Go to the RF Diagnostic Port Configuration screen 1 2 3 2 b Under Record Type field change Valid to Invalid and press Enter c Type w to write the record Once the Write command is executed your screen will change to blank entries as shown in the following 2 Configure the RF Transceiver Settings a Go to the RF Transceiver Configuration scre...

Страница 29: ...yWay Net or SkyMate Substation go to the WCOPP AP Status screen 2 6 5 e Type r to view each Sub station that is trying to associate with the Base station f Under the Association Control field change to Accept and press Enter g Type w to write the record h Repeat procedure f and g for each additional Substation that you want to accept Standard Mode a Under WCOPP Mode field change to Standard Mode a...

Страница 30: ... to write the record 5 Configure SkyWay Net Base in Bridging or Routing Network To Configure SkyWay in Bridging Network go to Configuring for Bridging Only on page 23 To Configure SkyWay in Routing Network go to Configuring for Routing Only on page 20 Configuring the SkyWay Net as a Substation 1 Invalidate the RF Diagnostic Port if present a Go to the RF Diagnostic Port Configuration screen 1 2 3 ...

Страница 31: ...ite the record f If the Base is in Standby Mode change the WCOPP Mode field to Standby Mode g Type w to write the record 5 Configure SkyWay Net Sub in Bridging or Routing Network To Configure SkyWay in Bridging Network go to Configuring for Bridging Only on page 23 To Configure SkyWay in Routing Network go to Configuring for Routing Only on page 20 Configuring SkyMate Substation s 1 Invalidate the...

Страница 32: ...e change the SkyMate WCOPP Mode field to Standard Mode e If the Base is in Standby Mode change the SkyMate WCOPP AP Mode field to Standby Mode For this example we will set the SkyMate to Standby default setting mode f Type w to write the record and you should see the following 4 Configure SkyMate in Routing or Bridging Network To Configure SkyMate in Routing Network proceed to Configuring for Rout...

Страница 33: ...g Only The IP Protocol Configuration screen 1 5 1 1 has nine setting Routing Time to Live ICMP Redirect Route Clearing Interval Accept Directed Broadcasts IP Reassembly Timeout IP Filters Default Gateway Default Gateway Enabled Default Gateway IP address Default Gateway Port number The following section describes each setting and their functions Routing Enable or Disable This field enables or disa...

Страница 34: ...y entry from the forwarding table Default Gateway IP Address Enter the IP address to send IP datagrams for which no route was found Default Gateway Port Number port number 1 9 Use the base port number when forwarding IP datagrams with unknown routes Configuring for Routing Only When you configure for routing you must also disable bridging Use the following procedures to enable routing and disable ...

Страница 35: ...een to disable bridging 1 For disabling bridging go to screen 1 4 1 2 Set Bridging field value to disabled 3 Type w to write changes and you should see the following For more information on Bridging proceed to the next section Bridging When you choose to enable Bridging you must disable Routing The 141 Bridge Configurations is where you begin the Bridging Only process SkyMate Example Screen SkyMat...

Страница 36: ...g the port will not allow duplicate frames to be transmitted caused from multiple paths or loops in the active topology of the bridge If you disable bridging you also disable Spanning Tree If Spanning Tree is disabled and bridging is enabled you can set the ports manually Fowarding Table Timeout Range of seconds 10 1000000 The timeout period in seconds for aging out dynamically learned forwarding ...

Страница 37: ...press Enter twice to change to the RF port The port number should be 3 The port type should be either WCOPP Base Port or WCOPP Sub Port c Change the administrative status to cycle d Type w and press Enter to cycle the port you should see the following 2 Enable Bridging a Go to screen 1 4 1 Bridging Configuration b Verify bridging is enabled c Type w and press Enter You should see the following Not...

Страница 38: ...lowing 4 Disable Routing a Go to screen 1 5 1 1 IP Configuration b Verify routing is disabled c Type w and Enter as shown in the following 5 Configure IP Address a Go to screen 1 5 1 2 IP Port Configuration b Configure IP address and IP Mask for Port 2 given by the network administrator c Type n to change to Port 3 ...

Страница 39: ...the RunTime application a Go to screen 2 2 1 Generic Port Status and Control b Type n and press Enter twice to change to the RF port c Change the administrative status to Cycle Port d Type w and press Enter to cycle the port as shown in the following If cycling the port does not update the status try restarting the RunTime application by typing 5 select RunTime and type w this will restart the uni...

Страница 40: ... ALC will automatically adjust to This target is equal to the maximum output power subtracted by the user added attenuation Digital Attenuator Setting This is the current amount of dB that the digital attenuator is adding to the transmit output power signal Less dB means a higher output power signal is being sent more dB means a lower output power is being sent ALC Status OFF Unlocked Locked and L...

Страница 41: ...kyMate bridge routers use distance vector routing dynamic routing protocol The distance vector routing protocol maintains and exchanges with other neighbor routers a distance vector table that consists of a series of destinations vectors and costs distances to reach them The cost of the directly connected networks is normally fixed at 1 reflecting a single hop but also can reflect some other measu...

Страница 42: ...tic routes Propagate Local Routes Yes or No Determines if RIP is propagating local routes Note No matter whether this setting is yes or no the RIP will not advertise a local route to its directly connected network RIP Triggered Update Enabled or Disabled If Triggered Update is enabled RIP will send out an update packet when learned routes change After the update packet is sent a timer will be star...

Страница 43: ... Authorization Key Max length is 16 letter or digit The value to be used as the Authorization Key whenever the corresponding Authorization type has a value other than No Authentication A modification of the corresponding Authorization type does not modify the authorization key value The Authorization key Send Mode doNotSend RIP1 implies sending IP updates compliant with RFC 1058 V1 Compatible impl...

Страница 44: ... RIP receive mode d Configure RIP Authorization Type and password if required e Type w to save the change f Type n to configure next RIP port IGMP IGMP Internet Group Management Protocol can be configured on a per port basis To access this screen type 152 and press Enter This screen configures the general parameters of IGMP ports Port Number The physical port for which the configuration applies IG...

Страница 45: ...eport of membership in a group Startup Query Count The number of IGMP General Queries sent upon startup Last Member Query Count The number of IGMP Group Specific Queries sent before router assumes that there are no local members Network Management This part of the chapter focuses on methodology to maximize your wireless network The sections includes Filters Remote RF Configuration Bandwidth Manage...

Страница 46: ... Set the Filter Access to Allow or Deny Allow or Deny traffic going through the filter from the Source IP address Creating Destination Filter 1 Add MAC address of the Destination in which you would like to Filter 2 Add the Destination Mask 3 Set the Access Direction to Input Output or Both This will filter out traffic coming in going out or both in and out of the Filter 4 Set the Filter Access to ...

Страница 47: ... filters will allow the user to filter out frames with SNAP Ethernet and LSAP type of headers 1 Create SNAP Ethernet and LSAP frames in the 802 3 formats 2 SNAP Data Type Enter SNAP for the Data type 3 The Data Value should be the Protocol Identification of the IPX SNAP header 4 Ethernet Data Type Enter Ethernet for the Data type 5 Enter the Frame type of the IPX Ethernet header for the Data Value...

Страница 48: ...l options for creating IP Filters These include Creating Source Filter Creating Destination Filter Creating Source and Destination Filter Creating Filters For UDP TCP Compare Mode Creating Filters For Protocols ICMP TCP And UDP Creating Filter IP Ports The following section describe how to create and use these filters Creating Source Filter 1 Add IP address of the Source in which you would like to...

Страница 49: ...out of the Filter 4 Set the Filter Access to Allow or Deny Allow or Deny traffic going through the filter from the Destination IP address 5 Type w to save the changes Creating Filters For UDP TCP Compare Mode 1 The use of the Compare Mode can be done in conjunction with the Source and Destination Fields on the IP Filter Screen 2 Set the UDP TCP Port to a corresponding UDP TCP Port number 3 Set the...

Страница 50: ...o remotely configure one sub at a time Using Remote RF Configuration 1 On the Base go to the Remote RF Configuration 3 4 screen 2 Change the Remote Timeout RF Channel Data Rate and Scrambler Tap field to the desired value then press enter 3 Change the Action field to Request remote RF configuration 4 Type w and then type r 5 Check the Status field and make sure that it says Ready 6 If the Status i...

Страница 51: ...s are being both transmitted and received If everything is correct remote RF configuration has been successful Confirming RF changes on the SkyWay Subs 1 Go to the RF Transceiver Configuration 1 2 3 3 screen 2 Check to see that the RF Frequency RF Data Rate and Scrambler Tap values have changed to the desired values that were set using Remote RF Configuration 3 If everything is correct go to the R...

Страница 52: ...eceived the XID packet The three different modes of bandwidth allocation are mutually exclusive There are two choices for the Bandwidth Management setting No Bandwidth Limitations Limited Bandwidth No Bandwidth Limitations This is the default scheme that has currently been running over WCOPP Bandwidth is not measured and is divided evenly by the nature of the polling protocol Each logical link is ...

Страница 53: ...e configured at once or each Sub can be configured individually Configuring Bandwidth Management Base 1 Go to the RF Bandwidth Management Configuration 1 2 3 5 screen 2 Change the Bandwidth Management Mode to Limited Subs All Set Simultaneously 1 Change the Default Bandwidth value to a desired amount 2 Change the Set all Subs to Default field to Yes 3 Type w Subs Each Set Individually 1 Go to the ...

Страница 54: ... Community Name The read write community name of the SkyWay agent Must match the write community name configured on the NMS in order to perform set requests from the NMS to the Skyway Trap Community Name The trap community name of the SkyWay agent If you set Enable Traps to Yes and the NMS expects SNMP traps with community name this field must match community name configured on the NMS Enable Trap...

Страница 55: ...lity application used to synchronize clocks on subs or clients with bases or servers It is assigned screen 3 5 on SkyWay Net and 3 4 on SkyMate The SNTP screen 3 5 3 4 has three setting Mode Timeout IP Address The following section describes each setting and their functions Mode Choose a value between following modes Not installed Disable Anycast server Multicast server Unitcast server Anycast Mul...

Страница 56: ...st client 3 Set a timeout value if mode is Anycast client Unicast client Multicast server or any combination of Multicast server 4 Set IP address of a SNTP server if mode is set to Unicast client 5 Type w to write changes 6 Check to verify the time and date of the client unit on screen 1 1 4 System Clock Configuration has synchronized Changing SNTP Modes Anycast Mode 1 On the Server Change mode to...

Страница 57: ... and DHCP Client can be configured using the following four screens 1 5 4 1 BOOTP Protocol Configuration 1 5 4 2 DHCP Client Configuration 1 5 4 3 DHCP Server Protocol Configuration a 1 5 4 3 1 DHCP Server Protocol Configuration b 1 5 4 3 2 DHCP Address Pool Configuration c 1 5 4 3 3 DHCP Manual Configuration BOOTP Protocol Configuration This screen configures the general parameters of the BOOTP R...

Страница 58: ...tabase located on the next server in its bootstrap process If the tag of the database located on the next server in its bootstrap process is greater than the DHCP client s current tag the database will be downloaded and the DHCP client s tag will be changed to the downloaded database s tag otherwise the database will not be downloaded DHCP Server Configuration This section has three screens to con...

Страница 59: ...een configured on this screen when choosing a configuration to assign to a DHCP client if a manual configuration was not found for the client When creating a pool only the First IP Address Last IP Address Subnet Mask and Lease Duration are required First IP Address The first available IP address of the pool Last IP Address The last available IP address of the pool Subnet Mask The subnet mask of th...

Страница 60: ...n and Client ID or Hardware Type and Hardware Address are required IP Address The IP address of the configuration Subnet Mask The subnet mask of the configuration Hardware Type The physical network type that the client is using e g 1 Ethernet or RF For a complete list refer to the ARP section of the Assigned Numbers RFC Hardware Address The MAC address or hardware address of the client in hexadeci...

Страница 61: ...nged to active If the configuration is to be deleted then the status should be changed to Destroy Configuring BootP and DHCP on SkyMate The BOOTP BOOTstrap Protocol Relay Agent and DHCP Client Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol can be configured using the following two screens 1 5 4 1 BOOTP DHCP Protocol Configuration 1 5 4 2 DHCP Client Protocol Configuration BOOTP DHCP Protocol Configuration Th...

Страница 62: ... DHCP Client DB Header Tag to the DHCP Client DB Header Tag of the database located on the next server in its bootstrap process If the tag of the database located on the next server in its bootstrap process is greater than the DHCP client s current tag the database will be downloaded and the DHCP client s tag will be changed to the downloaded database s tag otherwise the database will not be downl...

Страница 63: ...ge 50 for a list of file names and their descriptions Read Requests Number of read requests received by the TFTP Server Write Requests Number of write requests received by the TFTP Server Aborted Sessions Number of times an upload was aborted since the last reboot The TFTP File Transfer screen has the following settings IP Host Address 000 000 000 000 This is the IP Address of the PC that is runni...

Страница 64: ...number of bytes transferred in the last file transfer Number of Retries 0 only after an error The number of retries for the current of last file transfer Error Message A text message which displays the reason the file transfer failed The following table lists the file names to enter as the remote file name in the TFTP client software on your workstation when transferring files to or from the Skywa...

Страница 65: ...Type in the file name See file definition table above Bin files have to be in the format used above 5 Select Receive or Send in the Session Type field 6 Type w to begin file transfer 7 Select Abort and type w when halting file transfer already in progress Note TFTP Server software must be running on the PC and configured to send or receive files On both PCs Server and Client TFTP software the path...

Страница 66: ...to the PC 6 To Verify that the file is transferring by viewing the Status mode as Receiving and the bytes transferred X Modem 1 Set the File Type to the bin file that you wish to upload or download to the Skyway or SkyMate Unit 2 Choose Session type To download file from Skyway or SkyMate Unit choose Send 3 Type w to begin file transfer 4 Use the Terminal s Application Receive mode to receive the ...

Страница 67: ...ng 67 Management 70 Protocols Applications 73 Monitoring Ports RF Port There are three sections that focus on RF Ports Connecting the RF Link Checking the WCOPP AP Configuration Monitoring Traffic on your RF Link Connecting the RF Link After you have configured both your SkyWay Net Base SkyWay Net substations and SkyMates there are several steps that should be taken to ensure that a clean RF conne...

Страница 68: ... Substation to make sure that everything is correct Checking the WCOPP AP Status 1 On the base type 265 and press Enter to go to the WCOPP AP Status screen 2 Check to see that the correct MAC address is associated with the correct logical port number 3 Also check to see that the Association Status and Association Control are both set to Accepted If the MAC address is incorrect your base may be in ...

Страница 69: ...hat the Status for the sub is NRM 5 If any of the following conditions are met re check your configuration a Status is NRM W NRD or NDM b SNRME counter is incrementing c FRMR counter is incrementing d The amount of RR TX and RR REC are not similar Checking the RF Port Status 1 On the base go to the RF Port Status 2 2 4 1 screen 2 Put the base in monitor mode by typing m 3 Zero out the statistics b...

Страница 70: ...establish a link and that your link has a minimum amount of errors Understanding the RF Status screens will help you quickly troubleshoot problems with your RF link When monitoring this screen you should look to see that the error count is low The percentage of errors should be below 1 of the frames received on the port Checking RF Port Status Port Number RF physical port number Port Type The type...

Страница 71: ... on the port Abort Sequence The total number of frames aborted for any reason on the port CRC Error The total number of CRC errors on this port Overrun The number of buffer overflows for the port Carrier Detect Lost The number of times carrier detect was lost Underrun The number of incomplete buffer errors in the communication processor for the port CTS Lost The number of times clear to send was l...

Страница 72: ...mber of Unnumbered Information commands sent to all sub stations Used to transmit unreliable information Used primarily by WCOPP to transmit bridging and routing broadcasts UI Unnumbered Information REC The total number of Unnumbered Information responses received by all sub stations XID Exchange Station Identification TX The total number of Exchange Station Identification commands sent to all sub...

Страница 73: ...tion Indicates that the originating station is ready to receive REJ Reject TX The number of Reject commands sent to the sub station Rejects are transmitted to request the retransmission of numbered information frames REJ Reject REC The number of Reject responses received from the sub station RNR Receive Not Ready TX The total number of Receive Not Ready commands sent to the sub station RNR indicat...

Страница 74: ...on the Fast Poll list and work their way down to the Inactive Poll list Subs that are constantly exchanging Information frames with the base should be on the Fast Poll list After Information frames have not been transmitted for a certain period of time or if the sub has not responded to a poll by the base for a certain number of times the sub will then move to the Slow Poll list If while on the Sl...

Страница 75: ...ntal or configuration changes temperature antenna user added attenuation It also ensures the unit output power complies with the rules and mandates of the FCC and other regulatory bodies To access this screen type 1234 and press Enter Settings changeable by users are User Added Attenuation This setting is used if the maximum output power is not wanted due to a customer s particular site requiremen...

Страница 76: ...ch transmission is inhibited by more than one collision SQE Test Errors The number of times that the SQE TEST ERROR message is generated by the PLS sublayer Deferred Transmissions The number of frames that experience a delay for the first transmission attempt because the medium is busy Late Collisions The number of times a collision is detected later than 512 bit times into the transmission of a p...

Страница 77: ...omatically determine the chip speed is either 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps Duplex Mode Displays the configuration status of the Ethernet transceiver at either Full or Half duplex Routing Monitoring the routing status consists of two main sections IP Status RIP Status The following sections describe screens and fields for monitoring routing status IP Status Checking IP Protocol Status Use the IP Protocol St...

Страница 78: ...d at this entity Unknown Protocol The number of locally addressed datagrams received successfully but discarded because of an unknown or unsupported protocol Reassembly Failures The number of packets that could not be reassembled Outgoing Discards The total number of IP datagrams for which no problem was found to prevent their transmission to their destination but which were discarded e g for lack...

Страница 79: ...or this interface Reassembly Size The maximum size a reassembled packet can reach Checking the IP Address Forward Table Use the IP Forward Table to view the routing table and make adjustments to route costs To access this screen type 2513 and press Enter Destination IP Address The network IP address of the destination network Next Hop IP Address The address of the gateway to the destination networ...

Страница 80: ... a route s age Global Queries The number of responses sent to RIP queries from other systems Port IP address The IP Address of this system on the indicated subnet For unnumbered interfaces the value 0 0 0 N where the least significant 24 bits N is the if Index for the IP Interface in network byte order Bad Packets Received The number of RIP response packets received by the RIP process which were s...

Страница 81: ...ue is the Bridge Priority of the Root Bridge The second value is the bridge identifier of the root of the Spanning Tree This value is used as the Root Identifier in all Configuration Bridge PDUs originating from this node Root Port The number of the port offering the lowest cost path from this bridge to the root bridge Root Cost The cost of the path to the root bridge from this bridge Maximum Age ...

Страница 82: ...h individual port state if Spanning Tree is enabled To access this screen type 243 and press Enter To view the state of the next port type n Port Number The physical port number or base sub port number On a substation the bridge ports are 2 Ethernet port and 3 RF port On a base station the bridge ports are 2 the Ethernet port and each individual substation number Port State The current state of th...

Страница 83: ...s no longer valid but has not been flushed from the table Learned The MAC address was learned from the network Self The MAC address of the ports on the bridge Mgmt This entry was statically entered Other None of these above Checking Bridge Port Status Statistics The Bridge Port Status screen 2 4 2 contains information on frames in out discarded or filtered of each individual port of the bridge Por...

Страница 84: ...ated and installed If you try to apply an action that does not fit the characteristics an error message will appear on the 2 1 3 Error Log Screen Task Interdependencies For tasks that do not have any dependents they can be cycled evacuated and installed in general However there are exceptions for some tasks refer to the table below for more information Tasks that are dependants cannot be evacuated...

Страница 85: ...creen are in direct correlation with the SNMP group in RFC 1213 All counters are incremented since the last reset Typing z will zero or clear all the counters and they will start over again At the bottom of the screen the fields list the number of incoming and outgoing SNMP packets and traps In Bad Version The total number of SNMP Messages which were delivered to the SNMP protocol entity and were ...

Страница 86: ...is noSuchName Out Bad Values The total number of SNMP PDUs which were delivered to the SNMP protocol entity and for which the value of the error status field is badValue Out General Error The total number of SNMP PDUs which were delivered to the SNMP protocol entity and for which the value of the error status field is genErr Total Retrieved MIB Objects The total number of MIB objects which have be...

Страница 87: ...s Trap A number that corresponds to the trap log table index Trap Description A description of the type of trap that occurred Value The value of the first trap variable or zero Date Time The date and time the trap occurred Protocols Applications TCP Statistics To check Transmission Control Protocol TCP Configuration type 153 and press Enter The following screen will appear Max TCP Connection Range...

Страница 88: ...ent Size Range is 256 1000 Maximum received segment size that the transmitting TCP is willing to accept Note that the Maximum segment size is always 32 bits in length Max Packet Size Range is 256 3000 Maximum received packet size that the transmitting TCP is willing to accept Checking UDP Status You can check the UDP user datagram protocol status using the following screen Incoming Datagrams The t...

Страница 89: ...1 Group Report Packets The number of IGMP version 1 group report packets sent Incoming Version 2 Group Report Packets The number of IGMP version 2 group report packets received Outgoing Version 2 Group Report Packets The number of IGMP version 2 group report packets sent Incoming Version 1 Query Packets The number of IGMP version 1 query packets received Outgoing Version 1 Query Packets The number...

Страница 90: ...pecific Errors The number of ICMP messages determined as having ICMP specific errors bad ICMP checksums bad length etc sent and received Destination Unreachable Errors The number of ICMP Destination Unreachable messages sent and received Time Exceeded Errors The number of ICMP Time Exceeded messages sent and received Address Mask Requests The number of ICMP Address Mask Request messages sent and r...

Страница 91: ...Incoming Replies The number of incoming BOOTP replies received Outgoing Requests The number of BOOTP requests forwarded Outgoing Replies The number of BOOTP replies forwarded Incorrect Length The number of BOOTP packets received that were of incorrect length Incorrect Opcodes The number of BOOTP packets received that contained an incorrect opcode Maximum Hops Exceeded The number of BOOTP packets r...

Страница 92: ...HCP server The state can be changed to Accept to return the IP address to the DHCP server s address pool Monitoring DHCP Statistics Checking the DHCP Statistics allows you to monitor the DHCP server configuration and activity To access this screen type 2533 and press Enter Number of Pools The number of configured address pools Number of Declined Addresses The number of addresses declined by DHCP c...

Страница 93: ... the tag of the database located on the next server in its bootstrap process is greater than the DHCP client s current tag the database will be downloaded and the DHCP client s tag will be changed to the downloaded database s tag otherwise the database will not be downloaded Monitoring SNTP SNTP is a utility application used to synchronize clocks on subs or clients with bases or servers SNTP is mo...

Страница 94: ...access this screen type 2514 and press Enter This screen will contain all the ARP entries learned Port The port which the ARP entry learned from either port 2 Ethernet port or port 3 RF port MAC The MAC address of the host learned IP Address The IP address of the host learned ...

Страница 95: ... 4 System Clock Configuration 5 Activation Key Configuration 2 Port Configuration 1 Serial Port Configuration 1 Serial Port Configuration 2 Serial Transceiver Configuration 2 Ethernet Port Configuration 1 Ethernet Port Configuration 2 Ethernet Transceiver Configuration 3 RF Port Configuration 1 RF Link Layer Configuration 1 RF Base Port Configuration 2 RF Sub Port Configuration 3 WCOPP AP Configur...

Страница 96: ...P DHCP Configuration 1 BOOTP Protocol Configuration 2 DHCP Client Configuration 3 DHCP Server Configuration 1 DHCP Server Protocol Configuration 2 DHCP Address Pool Configuration 3 DHCP Manual Configuration 5 RIP Configuration 1 RIP Protocol Configuration 2 RIP Port Configuration 6 Configuration Summary 2 Status and Control 1 System Status and Control 1 General Status and Control 2 Network Managem...

Страница 97: ... ICMP Status 6 IGMP Status 2 UDP TCP 1 UDP Status 2 UDP Listen Table 3 TCP Status 3 BOOTP DHCP RIP 1 BOOTP Status 2 DHCP Declines 3 DHCP Statistics 4 RIP Status 6 Wireless Connection Oriented Polling Protocol Status 1 WCOPP Base Port Status 2 WCOPP Sub Port Status 3 WCOPP Sub Poll Status 4 WCOPP Signal Status 5 WCOPP AP Status 7 Status Summary 3 Utilities 1 File Transfer Utilities 1 TFTP File Tran...

Страница 98: ...m Configuration 2 Port Configuration 1 Serial Configuration 1 Serial Port 2 Serial Transceiver 2 Ethernet Configuration 1 Ethernet Port 2 Ethernet Transceiver 3 Task Configuration 2 Status and Control 1 Task Status and Control 3 Diagnostics 1 DRAM Diagnostics 2 Flash Diagnostics 3 Ethernet Diagnostics 4 Loop Through All Diagnostics 4 Files 5 Utilities 1 YMODEM Receive Send 2 XMODEM Receive Send 3 ...

Страница 99: ...SkyWay Series Multi Point Operator s Guide 85 6 Event Log 7 User Screens 1 Add a User 2 Users 8 Reset SkyWay 9 Start Application A Log Off ...

Страница 100: ...Appendix A RunTime Bios Application Menu Trees 86 ...

Страница 101: ...ks linkUp Indicates a communication link has been reestablished authenticationFailure Indicates the intended recipient of a packet was not properly authenticated newRoot Indicates that the sending entity has become the new root of the Spanning Tree topologyChange Indicates that the bridge s ports transitioned from the Learning state to the Forwarding state or from the Forwarding state to the Block...

Страница 102: ...Appendix B SNMP MIB Trap Messages 88 ...

Страница 103: ...cable with 2 pins ACK Acknowledgement Response sent from the receiver to indicate successful reception of information Administrative Console Console in which administrator can make and apply configuration settings to the unit monitor performance and obtain transmission statistics ADP Automatic Discovery Protocol Used by the base station to discover the substations ARP Address Resolution Protocol T...

Страница 104: ...ic Redundancy Code Small integer value computed from a sequence of octets used to detect errors that result when the sequence of octets is transmitted from one machine to another Database Where the settings are stored in non volatile memory so that when the system is reset the settings are not lost There are different databases for the Runtime Application and the BIOS DB 9 Shell 9 pin connector DE...

Страница 105: ...ble interconnect wiring FRMR Frame Reject Response Response sent from the SkyWay Net substation to the base if there is an inconsistency in the Iframe sequence numbers Front to Back Ratio Ratio which describes relationship between the front reception to the back reception Guy Wire A wire used to support the antenna mast HDLC Protocol High level Data Link Protocol Standard that is the basis of many...

Страница 106: ... Management See MIB and SNMP Non Octet Aligned Frame Frame whose data length is not divisible by eight and therefore an error NVRAM Non volatile Random Access Memory Memory which doesn t get cleared by power loss OID Object Identifier In a MIB the objects are identified by a sequence of numbers indicating there location on a networking tree Parity Error An event in which the parity bit is incorrec...

Страница 107: ... two computers RS 422 Standard by EIA that specifies the electrical characteristics of slow speed interconnections between terminals and computers or between two computers Scrambler Tap Technique used to scramble radio transmission See also Tap Value Selector Field Field in the console in which the user selects the entry from a predefined list by using the arrow keys Sequence Numbers Numbers passe...

Страница 108: ...key of scrambler tap TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol Simple file transfer protocol Time to Live Technique used in best effort delivery systems to avoid endlessly looping packets an integer is assigned to each IP datagram and this integer is decremented each time it is routed if the integer reaches 0 it is discarded by the next router Timestamp Field containing computer s time and date at any p...

Страница 109: ...ion It forms them into a conical shape that makes them stronger and enables them to travel greater distances In the same way that light is focused by a magnifying glass an RF signal shaped by an antenna is strongest within a narrow area at the center of the cone We call this area the center lobe For optimum long distance reception an antenna must be aligned to receive the center lobe signal and th...

Страница 110: ...bit of data in the message Digital on off phase shift signals are easier to decipher than the countless variations in an analog sound signal ISM Bands The FCC regulates the available frequencies to support a maximum number of users By placing limits on signal strength wattage and gain the FCC has been able to accommodate the needs of multiple broadcasters in high use areas with three small bands o...

Страница 111: ...eive at any given distance using an antenna with no gain such as a dipole or theoretic Isotropic antenna The antennas at both ends of the link can enhance signal gain The total gain for a connection between two antennas is the product of the gains for both antennas Signal Measurement To measure the size and strength of a signal meaningfully we must consider the following A signal widens with dista...

Страница 112: ...r lobe signal not one third the strength and a gain of six dBi is four times stronger than the signal from an antenna with no gain not six times stronger EIRP Effective Isotropic Radiated Power EIRP is a measure of source signal strength that combines broadcasting power measured in watts with the effect of antenna signal gain measured in dBi Fading Temporary reductions in received signal strength ...

Страница 113: ...etween local area networks in different buildings creates an internetwork Point to Point A point to point connection is a direct link between locations Multipoint A network or internetwork with multiple sites A large multipoint connection generally uses a central site to pass messages between the locations and the individual locations substations have direct connections to the central site but not...

Страница 114: ...n other types of antennas Antenna Alignment Antenna Polarization To improve the isolation between adjacent antenna installations in addition to using different channels you can change polarization Consult your Solectek systems engineer for specific details Fresnel Zones Waves can be deflected by objects in their paths If a wave from an outer band of the cone see Radio Signals is deflected back thr...

Страница 115: ...e different Consult your Solectek dealer or Solectek s Web site at www solectek com for more information If any one station is beyond the listening range of any other station both of these stations might transmit simultaneously The result is called a collision and it generally results in lost data The CSMA CA protocol was created to resolve this problem CSMA CA Some manufacturers use Carrier Sense...

Страница 116: ...lling protocol has the following advantages To avoid the capture effect where strong stations dominate the base station partials out time to substations needing to broadcast If a connection is lost the disconnected station does not respond to polling When a station times out without responding the connection is recovered Individual substations on the network do not need to listen to each other to ...

Страница 117: ...For example by detecting an existing signal in a broadcast band you want to use the spectrum analyzer can alert you to a potential source of interference Topological Map A topological map allows you to study the terrain between antenna sites that are out of view from one another You can purchase inexpensive topological maps from the US Geographical Survey Denver Colorado 802225 Site Survey A site ...

Страница 118: ...er to calculate the best location and height for the antennas This calculation must consider several factors For example The height of the lower half of the first Fresnel zone between the antennas relative to the highest obstructions The distances spanned the number of sites linked and the types of antennas needed to reach all the sites The margins required to achieve your reliability objectives T...

Страница 119: ...ext chart shows the same terrain with the same antenna heights but it calculates based on the recommended minimum limit of 60 6 free space in the lower half of the F1 zone This graphically shows the minimum RF line of sight requirements for the antennas ...

Страница 120: ...Appendix C Glossary and Basic Concepts 106 ...

Страница 121: ... 95 changes that require cycling or resetting 5 changes saving configuration 5 characteristics 2 4 GHz frequency 97 commands dot 3 common rows 4 concepts basic 94 configuration changes saving 5 connection types 99 console 103 conventions warnings xiv csma ca 101 102 cycling or resetting changes that require 5 D dbi 98 dbm 98 decibel db 98 description general 1 displaying screens 4 dot commands 3 D...

Страница 122: ...l WCOPP base sub definition of 102 protocols 102 csma ca 101 mst sm 102 routing 102 spanning tree 102 R radio signals 94 record screens displaying one 4 remote operations 2 resetting changes that require cycling or 5 routing protocols IP 102 spanning tree 102 rows common 4 S safety guidelines electrical iii safety guidelines general iii saving configuration changes 5 screens displaying one record ...

Страница 123: ...ti Point Operator s Guide 109 to reset the unit 5 topological map 103 tree spanning 102 types antenna 99 types connection 99 types field 4 U using this guide xiv W WAN 99 WCOPP protocol base sub 102 Z zones fresnel 100 ...

Страница 124: ...Index 110 ...

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