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· LED LED acronym of Light Emitting Diode, is a
semiconductor device (diode) that emits
light almost monochrome with a very narrow
spectrum, it means, when it is direct polar-
ized and it is crossed by an electric current.
The colour, (wave longitude), depends on the
semiconductor material used in its manufac-
turing, being able to vary from the ultraviolet
one, going through the visible spectrum light,
to the infrared, receiving these last ones the
denomination of IRED (Infra Red Emitting
Diode).
· Circuit breaker A circuit breaker or switch, is a device able to
break the electrical current of a circuit when
it overcomes the maximum set values.
· Off-Line mode Regarding to an equipment, it is Off-line when
it is disconnected from the system, it is out
of service, and usually has its power supply
turned off, so it means that is shutdown.
· On-Line mode Regarding to an equipment, it is on line when
it is connected to the system, and it is in oper-
ation, and usually has its power supply turned
on.
· Rectifier In electronic, a rectifier is the element or cir-
cuit that allows to convert the alternating cur-
rent into direct current. This is done by rectifier
diodes, which can be solid state semiconduc-
tors, vacuum or gassy valves like the mercury
vapour. Depending on the features of the
alternating current power supply used, it is
classified as single phase, when they are fed
by a single phase electrical mains, or three
phase when they are fed by the three phases.
Depending on the rectification type, they can
be half wave, when only one of the current
semi-cycles is used, or full wave, where both
semi-cycles are used.
· Relay The relay (in French relais, relief) is an elec-
tromechanical device that works as a switch
controlled by an electric circuit where, through
an electromagnet, a set of contacts is moved
and it allows to open or to close other inde-
pendent electric circuits.
· SCR Acronym of «Silicon Controlled Rectifier»,
commonly known as Thyristor: Semicon-
ductor device of 4 layers that almost works
as an ideal switch.
· ThD It is the acronym of Total Harmonic Distortion.
The harmonic distortion takes place when the
output signal of a system is not equal to the
signal that goes in. This non-linearity affects
to the wave shape, because the equipment
has re-injected harmonics that are not in the
input signal. Since they are harmonic, multi-
ples of the input signal, this distortion is not
so dissonant and it is less easy to detect
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