Perkins 904D-E28T, Руководство по эксплуатации и обслуживанию, Страница: 59 / 110

Fuels with sulfur content higher than 0.05 percent
(500 PPM) can only be used where allowed by
legislation and in countries that do not regulate
emissions. High sulfur fuel will have a negative
impact on emissions of particulates. High sulfur fuels
increase potential for corrosion and wear of internal
component and may significantly shorten the oil
change interval. Oil sampling analysis is very strongly
recommended to determine oil drain intervals when
using fuel with sulfur levels above 0.05% (500 ppm).
Lubricity
Lubricity is the capability of the fuel to prevent pump
wear. The lubricity of the fluid describes the ability of
the fluid to reduce the friction between surfaces that
are under load. This ability reduces the damage that
is caused by friction. Fuel injection systems rely on
the lubricating properties of the fuel. Until fuel sulfur
limits were mandated, the lubricity of the fuel was
believed to be a function of fuel viscosity.
The lubricity has particular significance to the current
low viscosity fuel, low sulfur fuel, and low aromatic
fossil fuel. These fuels are made to meet stringent
exhaust emissions.
The lubricity of these fuels must not exceed wear
scar diameter of 0.52 mm (0.02047 inch). The fuel
lubricity test must be performed on an HFRR,
operated at 60 °C (140 °F). Refer to “ISO 12156-1”.
NOTICE
The fuels system has been qualified with fuel having
lubricity up to 0.52 mm (0.02047 inch) wear scar di-
ameter as tested by “ISO 12156-1”. Fuel with higher
wear scar diameter than 0.52 mm (0.02047 inch) will
lead to reduced service life and premature failure of
the fuel system.
In the fuels which do not meet specified lubricity
requirement appropriate lubricity additive can be
used to enhance the lubricity of the fuel.
Contact your fuel supplier for those circumstances
when fuel additives are required. Your fuel supplier
can make recommendations for additives to use and
for the proper level of treatment.
Distillation
Distillation will give an indication of the mixture of
different hydrocarbons in the fuel. A high ratio of
lightweight hydrocarbons can affect the
characteristics of combustion.
Classification of the Fuels
Diesel engines have an ability to burn wide variety of
fuels. Below is a list of typically encountered fuel
specifications that have been assessed as to their
acceptability and are divided into following
categories:
Group 1: Preferred Fuels
The following fuel specifications are considered
acceptable.
• Fuels that meet the requirements that are listed in
the table 7 .
• “EN590 - Grades A to F and class 0 to 4”
• “ASTM D975 Grade No. 1-D and 2-D”
• “JIS K2204 Grades 1, 2 & 3 & Special Grade 3”
acceptable provided lubricity ware scar diameter
does not exceed of 0.52 mm (0.02047 inch) as
per
“ ISO 12156-1 ” .
• “BS2869 - Class A2 Off Highway Gas Oil, Red
Diesel”
Note: The lubricity of these fuels must not exceed
wear scar diameter of 0.52 mm (0.02047 inch) as
per
“ ISO 12156-1 ” . Refer to “Lubricity”.
Group 2: Aviation Kerosene Fuels
Following kerosene and jet fuel specifications are
acceptable alternative fuels, and may be used on a
contingency base for emergency or continuous use,
where standard diesel fuel is not available and where
legislation allows their use:
• “MIL-DTL-83133 NATO F34 (JP-8)”
• “MIL-DTL-83133 NATO F35”
• “MIL-DTL-5624 NATO F44 (JP-5)”
• “MIL-DTL-38219 (USAF) (JP7)”
• “NATO XF63”
• “ASTM D1655 JET A”
• “ASTM D1655 JET A1”
NOTICE
These fuels are only acceptable when used with ap-
propriate lubricity additive and must meet minimum
requirements that are listed in table 7 . The lubricity
of these fuels must not exceed wear scar diameter of
0.52 mm (0.02047 inch) as per “ ISO 12156-1 ” . Refer
to “Lubricity”.
Note: Minimum cetane number of 40 is
recommended otherwise cold starting problems or
light load misfire might occur. Since jet fuel
specifications do not mention cetane requirements,
Perkins recommends that a fuel sample is taken to
determine the cetane number.
M0108133-04 59
Maintenance Section
General Fuel Information