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9.3 Characteristic emissivity

In case none of the methods mentioned above help to determine the emissivity you may use the emissivity
table ►

Appendix A

and

Appendix B

. These are average values, only. The actual emissivity of a material

depends on the following factors:

•

temperature

•

measuring angle

•

geometry of the surface

•

thickness of the material

•

constitution of the surface (polished, oxidized, rough, sandblast)

•

spectral range of the measurement

•

transmissivity (e.g. with thin films)

Figure 54:

Adjustment of the emissivity in the software PIX Connect (menu

Tools/ Configuration/ Device

)

Содержание Xi 400

Страница 1: ...Operator s Manual optris Xi 80 400 410 Spot finder IR camera...

Страница 2: ...Optris GmbH Ferdinand Buisson Str 14 13127 Berlin Germany Tel 49 30 500 197 0 Fax 49 30 500 197 10 E mail info optris global Internet www optris global...

Страница 3: ...Table of contents 3 1 General Notes 8 1 1 Intended use 8 1 2 Warranty 9 1 3 Scope of delivery 10 1 4 Maintenance 10 1 4 1 Cleaning 10 1 5 Model overview 11 2 Technical Data 12 2 1 General specificatio...

Страница 4: ...26 3 1 Dimensions 26 3 2 Accessories 31 3 2 1 Air purge laminar 31 3 2 2 Water cooling 35 3 2 3 Shutter 38 3 2 4 Combination of air purge water cooling and shutter 42 3 2 5 Outdoor protective housing...

Страница 5: ...onal 58 4 1 6 Industrial Process Interface for Xi 400 optional 63 4 2 Example for a Fail Safe monitoring of the Xi with a PLC 67 4 3 USB cable extension for Xi 400 69 5 Functions 70 5 1 Ethernet Xi 80...

Страница 6: ...up 90 7 2 Software window 92 7 3 Basis features of the software PIX Connect 94 8 Basics of Infrared Thermometry 97 9 Emissivity 102 9 1 Definition 102 9 2 Determination of unknown emissivity 104 9 3 C...

Страница 7: ...ix C Quick start for serial communication 110 Appendix D Interprocess Communication IPC 113 Appendix E PIX Connect Resource Translator 114 Appendix F Wiring diagrams PIF for Xi 400 115 Appendix G Decl...

Страница 8: ...er to do a comfortable detailed analysis with the software PIX Connect The Xi is a precise instrument and contains an extremely sensitive infrared detector and a high quality lens The alignment of the...

Страница 9: ...y date After the warranty is expired the manufacturer guarantees additional 6 months warranty for all repaired or substituted product components Warranty does not apply to damages which result from mi...

Страница 10: ...xis tripod thread Process interface cable incl terminal block 1 m Software package PIX Connect Quick start guide 10 m and 20 m version not available for Xi 80 and Xi 410 1 4 Maintenance Never use clea...

Страница 11: ...t 50 Hz Surface measurements in industrial application autonomous operation with automatic spot finder Xi 400 IR 20 to 900 C 200 to 1500 C optional 8 14 m USB 80 Hz 27 Hz Real time thermographic image...

Страница 12: ...80 36 x 90 mm M30 Xi 400 410 36 x 100 mm M30 Weight without mounting bracket Xi 80 201 210 g depending on optics Xi 400 410 216 220 g depending on optics Cable length USB 1 m standard 3 m 5 m 10 m 20...

Страница 13: ...s Stress program camera in operation Shock half sinus 25 G testing Ea 25 G acc IEC 60068 2 27 Acceleration 245 m s2 25 G Pulse duration 11 ms Number of directions 6 3 axes with 2 directions each Durat...

Страница 14: ...axes with two directions each Duration 18 Shocks 3 Shocks each direction Vibration sinus shaped testing Fc acc IEC60068 2 6 Frequency range 10 500 Hz Acceleration 29 42 m s2 3 G Frequency change 1 Oct...

Страница 15: ...m s2 4 01 GRMS Frequency spectrum 10 106 Hz 0 9610 m s2 2 Hz 0 010 G2 Hz 106 150 Hz 6 dB Octave 150 500 Hz 1 9230 m s2 2 Hz 0 020 G2 Hz 500 2000 Hz 6 dB Octave 2000 Hz 0 1245 m s2 2 Hz 0 00126 G2 Hz N...

Страница 16: ...ss Interface PIF in 0 10 V Emissivity ambient temperature reference temperature uncommitted value flag control triggered recording triggered snapshots triggered line scanner triggered event grabber re...

Страница 17: ...2 x 288 pixel 80 Hz 27 Hz UFPA Ethernet 384 x 240 Pixel 25 Hz USB 384 x 240 Pixel 4 Hz Lenses FOV 12 x 12 F 1 0 30 x 30 F 0 9 55 x 55 F 0 9 80 x 80 F 0 9 18 x 14 F 1 1 29 x 22 F 0 9 53 x 38 F 0 9 80 x...

Страница 18: ...18 Warm up time 10 min Emissivity 0 100 1 100 Software App PIX Connect IRmobile 1 Accuracy statement effective from 150 C 2 At ambient temperature 23 5 C whichever is greater...

Страница 19: ...ent to the right to the focus setting infinite Figure 2 Motorized focus settings in PIX Connect The variety of different lenses offers the possibility to precisely measure objects in different distanc...

Страница 20: ...st be paid to the quality of detail contrast with which an object can be represented in the image This is described by the modulation transfer function MTF Since in contrast to visual cameras with IR...

Страница 21: ...the measuring spot definition with infrared thermometers The following tables with examples showing what spot sizes and pixel sizes will be reached in which distance For individual configuration there...

Страница 22: ...22 Table 2 Note The accuracy of measurement can be outside of the specifications for distances below the defined minimum distance...

Страница 23: ...Technical Data 23 Note The accuracy of measurement can be outside of the specifications for distances below the defined minimum distance...

Страница 24: ...24 Note The accuracy of measurement can be outside of the specifications for distances below the defined minimum distance...

Страница 25: ...Technical Data 25 Note The accuracy of measurement can be outside of the specifications for distances below the defined minimum distance...

Страница 26: ...supplied mounting nut standard and adjustable mounting bracket standard to a mounting device available Figure 3 Xi with mounting bracket Figure 4 Mounting bracket adjustable in one axis with tripod t...

Страница 27: ...Mechanical Installation 27 Figure 5 Xi 80 dimensions mm...

Страница 28: ...28 Figure 6 Xi 400 dimensions mm...

Страница 29: ...Mechanical Installation 29 Figure 7 Xi 410 dimensions mm...

Страница 30: ...30 Figure 8 Industrial stackable PIF Process Interface electronic box control box shutter dimensions mm...

Страница 31: ...s on the application and the installation conditions on site The laminar air purge has a Si protective window Typical transmission value 0 82 deviations possible replacement window available under the...

Страница 32: ...9 Laminar air purge with Si protective window dimensions mm How to Video Replacement of Si protective window https www optris global replacement of the si protective window of the laminar air purge a...

Страница 33: ...purge with Si protective window ACXIAPL and mounting bracket ACXIAPLAB dimensions mm How to video Xi 80 https www optris global mounting the air purge unit on xi 80 How to video Xi 400 https www optr...

Страница 34: ...34 Figure 11 Mounting bracket ACXIAPLAB dimensions mm weight 276 g...

Страница 35: ...o 250 C and the optional high temperature cable operating temperature up to 250 C When using water cooling a corresponding mounting kit Part No ACXIxxxWAKx is required WAK1 Usage without air purge WAK...

Страница 36: ...36 Figure 12 Water cooling ACXIW and mounting kit ACXIxxxWAK1 dimensions mm weight 1710 g...

Страница 37: ...Mechanical Installation 37 Figure 13 Shutter for water cooling ACXISW dimensions mm weight 600 g...

Страница 38: ...he optics The shutter has a 100 ms fast closing mode Complete seal when closed Includes a control box for connections Shutter can be used in combination with Process Interface PIF The corresponding mo...

Страница 39: ...Mechanical Installation 39 Figure 14 Shutter ACXIS with mounting bracket ACXIAPLAB dimensions mm weight 826 g...

Страница 40: ...40 Figure 15 Shutter ACXIS dimensions mm weight 550 g...

Страница 41: ...ation and pulse operation S2 Activation deactivation of fast closing mode S3 Only for factory calibration Switch must be at Normal S4 Switching between mV or mA input Lower screw terminal Connection f...

Страница 42: ...ays required for air purge and shutter For water cooling ACXIW the mounting bracket is included and does not have to be ordered separately Part No Combinations ACXIAPL ACXIAPLAB ACXIS ACXISW ACXIW ACX...

Страница 43: ...Mechanical Installation 43 Figure 17 Air purge ACXIAPL water cooling ACXIW shutter ACXISW and appropriate mounting kit ACXIxxxWAKx dimensions mm Components Air purge Water cooling Shutter Mounting kit...

Страница 44: ...oling ACXIW and appropriate mounting kit ACXIxxxWAKx dimensions mm Components Air purge Water cooling Mounting kit How to video https www optris global assembly of xi 400 into the water cooling housin...

Страница 45: ...Mechanical Installation 45 Figure 19 Water Cooling ACXIW Shutter ACXISW and appropriate mounting kit ACXIxxxWAKx dimensions mm Components Water cooling Shutter Mounting kit...

Страница 46: ...46 Figure 20 Air purge ACXIAPL with mounting bracket ACXIAPLAB and shutter ACXIS dimensions mm Components Air purge Mounting bracket Shutter...

Страница 47: ...g the outdoor protective housing Part No ACXIOPH24 In addition the industrial or stackable PIF Part No ACCJAPIPIFMA Xi 400 or ACOPHXIPIF Xi 80 410 can be installed as an accessory without housing and...

Страница 48: ...23 Figure 22 Backside of the Xi 80 410 with connectors Figure 23 Backside of the Xi 400 with connectors 1 Plug for USB Ethernet1 PoE cable 2 Plug for in and outputs or RS485 1 Plug for USB cable 2 Plu...

Страница 49: ...AI and 0 4 20 mA for AO The process interface can be activated via the software choosing the following options Analog Input AI Emissivity ambient temperature reference temperature uncommitted value f...

Страница 50: ...V Ground Brown VCC 5 30 V Power1 White IN A Analog Digital Input or RS485 A Green OUT B Analog Output or RS485 B Yellow GND ISO Isolated Ground for IN and OUT Gray 1 Power supply only necessary when...

Страница 51: ...og input 0 10 V 1 Digital input active low 0 0 6 V 24 V AO Analog output Alarm output 0 4 20 mA 0 4 20 mA 1 The AI is designed for max 24 V the voltage level above 10 V is not interpreted In addition...

Страница 52: ...The signal level is always 0 10 V DI 24 V The process interface can be activated via the software choosing the following options Analog Input AI Emissivity ambient temperature reference temperature u...

Страница 53: ...Installation 53 Figure 25 Configuration Standard Process Interface PIF Xi 400 Shield Black Gnd Ground Brown DI Digital Input Gray Vcc Power supply 5 24 V DC White AI Analog Input Green AO Analog Outp...

Страница 54: ...range1 status AI Analog input 0 10 V 2 DI Digital input active low 0 0 6 V 24 V AO Analog output Alarm output 0 10 V 0 10 V 1 Depending on supply voltage for 0 10 V on the AO the PIF has to be powere...

Страница 55: ...Electrical Installation 55 4 1 3 PIN allocation Xi 80 410 Figure 26 Rear side of Xi 80 410 USB Ethernet PIF 1 VCC 1 VCC 2 D 2 RS485 or AO 3 D 3 RS485 or AI 4 Tx 4 GND 5 Tx 5 GND ISO 6 Rx 7 Rx 8 GND...

Страница 56: ...56 4 1 4 PIN allocation Xi 400 Figure 27 Rear side of Xi 400 USB PIF 1 VCC 1 INT 2 GND 2 SDA I C 4 D 3 SCL I C 5 D 4 DGND 5 3 3 V Out...

Страница 57: ...prietary PIF cable in the menu Tools Configuration Device PIF in the PIX Connect software is necessary Figure 28 Support proprietary PIF cable Consider that the input of the PIF is not protected if th...

Страница 58: ...and process is available connection box with IP65 5 m 10 m or 20 m standard or high temperature cable for camera connection terminal for process integration Appendix F Wiring diagrams PIF Pin assignme...

Страница 59: ...g triggered snapshots triggered line scanner triggered event grabber reset peak valley hold switch temperature range Analog Output AO Main measure area measure area internal temperature flag status re...

Страница 60: ...t 1 2 and 3 open closed red LED on 0 30 V 400 mA FS Fail safe relay open closed green LED on 0 30 V 400 mA 1 depending on supply voltage for 0 10 V on the AO the PIF has to be powered with min 12 V 2...

Страница 61: ...Connection of 3 industrial PIFs via RS485 Each stackable industrial PIF must have its own RS485 address The address must be set directly on the board For the PIF which is the furthest away the 120R s...

Страница 62: ...ns as an alarm The time constant of the fail safe is 1 5 seconds Controlled conditions on camera and software Standard Process interface ACXIIOCB1 Industrial Process interface ACXIPIFCBxx Interruption...

Страница 63: ...Xi and process is available connection box with IP65 5 m 10 m or 20 m standard or high temperature cable for camera connection terminal for process integration Appendix F Wiring diagrams PIF Pin assi...

Страница 64: ...ts triggered line scanner triggered event grabber reset peak valley hold switch temperature range Analog Output AO Main measure area measure area internal temperature flag status recording status line...

Страница 65: ...en closed green LED on 0 30 V 400 mA 1 depending on supply voltage for 0 20 mA on the AO the PIF has to be powered with min 5V 1 5 working resistance 0 021 24 V Example RLoad 500 ohm Umin 1 5 500 0 02...

Страница 66: ...nstant of the fail safe is 1 5 seconds Controlled conditions on camera and software Standard Process interface ACPIPIF Industrial Process interface ACPIPIFMACBxx Interruption USB cable to camera Inter...

Страница 67: ...PLC Figure 32 Fail Safe monitoring states Fail Safe monitoring states 1 Breakdown of PIF power supply 4 Malfunction of Xi 2 Cable break of fail safe cable 5 Breakdown of Xi power supply Interruption...

Страница 68: ...ring states 1 Breakdown of PIF power supply 5 Malfunction of Xi 2 Cable break of fail safe cable 6 Breakdown of Xi power supply Interruption of USB cable 3 Short circuit of fail safe cable 7 Malfuncti...

Страница 69: ...cable extension for Xi 400 The maximum USB cable length is 20 m For greater distances between Xi 400 and computer or for stand alone solutions the optional USB Server Gigabit Part No ACPIUSBSGB is pro...

Страница 70: ...separately Ethernet is supported from software version Rel 3 2 3020 0 and firmware 3008 Using the Ethernet connection the device must be supplied with power This can be done either via the internal P...

Страница 71: ...Functions 71 Figure 35 Possibilities of power supply for Xi 80 410 via Ethernet connection...

Страница 72: ...PC the first thing you need to do is to make the network settings on the PC The devices are delivered with the following factory settings IP address camera 192 168 0 101 IP address PC 192 168 0 100 P...

Страница 73: ...Version 4 TCP IPv4 and go to Properties again In the register card General enable the checkbox Use the following IP address Now enter a user defined IP address for your PC 192 168 0 100 This must be i...

Страница 74: ...start the PIX Connect software and activate the Ethernet function To do this go to the menu Devices and Enable Ethernet When a Windows Firewall window appears make sure to select allow all three netwo...

Страница 75: ...Functions 75 The approval of programs can also be activated afterwards in the Windows Firewall settings of the PC under Windows Firewall and Allow a program or feature through Windows Firewall...

Страница 76: ...the temperature measurement can begin To change the address settings go to Devices and Ethernet settings TCP IP The address for the device is assigned under Device address This must have a different a...

Страница 77: ...t range used should be between 49152 65535 When using other ports it could be that they are already reserved or assigned When using multiple Xi 80 410 cameras in a network the data rate must be consid...

Страница 78: ...e camera so that your object to be measured is perfectly visible in the image First define the desired measurement area with the corresponding mode you want to output Figure 36 Connection Xi 80 410 to...

Страница 79: ...Functions 79 Figure 37 Configurations menu Device PIF Figure 38 Setup...

Страница 80: ...t configuration to device If the device is reconnected to a PC after autonomous operation and the settings are to be transferred from the device to the software this is done in the menu under Devices...

Страница 81: ...close the software and then disconnect the Ethernet or USB cable To start the device autonomously a 5 30 V power supply must be connected to the terminal block Now the used input output must be connec...

Страница 82: ...ut autonomously The use of three stackable PIFs is required Three analog outputs are possible per stackable PIF The response time is 20 ms for Xi 80 and 640 ms for Xi 410 Note Several measuring areas...

Страница 83: ...the configuration dialog In addition under Mode you must set whether the maximum for hotspot or minimum for coldspot should be output Figure 41 Setting a hotspot for autonomous operation For a hot or...

Страница 84: ...closing time in this mode is only 100 ms Figure 43 Control box Shutter By using the process interface PIF the input signal to the software can be passed on and used as a trigger signal in the software...

Страница 85: ...than one shutter and the opening closing of the shutter should be simultaneously the switch S4 on one control box must be set to mA and the others to mV see Figure 43 Figure 44 Connection of control b...

Страница 86: ...ecording can be started For this the AI must be configured to Triggered Recording in the software in the configuration menu Device PIF Close shutter after recording line scan When the recording is fin...

Страница 87: ...mended for connection to the device Xi 80 410 Part No ACXI80IACM micro USB or ACXI80IACC USB C Xi 400 Part No ACPIIACM micro USB or ACPIIACC USB C With IRmobile you can monitor and analyze your infrar...

Страница 88: ...he image IRmobile app features Live infrared image with automatic hot and coldspot search Changing the color palette scaling and temperature range Change of temperature unit Celsius or Fahrenheit Sett...

Страница 89: ...c with at least 30 MByte of free space At least 128 MByte RAM A detailed description is provided in the software manual on the USB stick See also Help menu in the PIX Connect software Help Documentati...

Страница 90: ...stallation wizard places a launch icon on the desktop and in the start menu Start Programs Optris GmbH PIX Connect 3 To connect the camera to the PC plug the USB cable to the camera first Afterwards c...

Страница 91: ...i 400 After the calibration files have been installed the live image from the camera is shown inside a window on your PC screen 6 Choose the desired language in the menu Tools Language 7 Adjust the fo...

Страница 92: ...92 7 2 Software window Figure 45 Software window 1 2 3 2 5 6 7 9 4 10 11 12 1 8...

Страница 93: ...the temperature according to the selected shape e g average temperature of the rectangle The value is shown inside the IR image and the control displays 5 Reference bar Shows the scaling of temperatu...

Страница 94: ...different windows Compatible with Windows 7 8 and 10 High level of individualization for customer specific display Various language option including a translation tool Temperature display in C or F Di...

Страница 95: ...Extensive online and offline data analysis Analysis supported by measurement fields hot and cold spot searching image subtraction Real time temperature information within main window as digital or gr...

Страница 96: ...Ports and DLL Adjustment of thermal image via reference values Temperature data analysis and documentation Triggered data collection Radiometric video sequences ravi radiometric snapshots tiff Text f...

Страница 97: ...ation Searching for new optical material William Herschel by chance found the infrared radiation in 1800 Figure 46 William Herschel 1738 1822 He blackened the peak of a sensitive mercury thermometer T...

Страница 98: ...wave length ranging between 1 m and 20 m The intensity of the emitted radiation depends on the material This material contingent constant is described with the help of the emissivity which is a known...

Страница 99: ...earization signal processing The specifications of the lens decisively determine the optical path of the infrared thermometer which is characterized by the ratio Distance to Spot size The spectral fil...

Страница 100: ...ts of moving or overheated objects and of objects in hazardous surroundings very fast response and exposure times measurement without inter reaction no influence on the measuring object non destructiv...

Страница 101: ...n field Monitoring of electronic cabinets R D of electronics R D of electronic parts Process control extruding plastic parts Process control manufacturing solar modules Process control at calendering...

Страница 102: ...erial of the measuring object The emissivity Epsilon is used as a material constant factor to describe the ability of the body to emit infrared energy It can range between 0 and 100 A blackbody is the...

Страница 103: ...the real temperature assuming the measuring object is warmer than its surroundings A low emissivity reflective surfaces carries the risk of inaccurate measuring results by interfering infrared radiati...

Страница 104: ...s to the actual temperature If you monitor temperatures of up to 380 C you may place a special plastic sticker emissivity dots Part No ACLSED onto the measuring object which covers it completely Figur...

Страница 105: ...take the temperature of the colored surface Afterwards determine the temperature of a directly adjacent area and modify the emissivity until the measured value corresponds to the temperature of the c...

Страница 106: ...values only The actual emissivity of a material depends on the following factors temperature measuring angle geometry of the surface thickness of the material constitution of the surface polished oxid...

Страница 107: ...Appendix A Table of emissivity for metals 107 Appendix A Table of emissivity for metals...

Страница 108: ...108...

Страница 109: ...Appendix B Table of emissivity for non metals 109 Appendix B Table of emissivity for non metals...

Страница 110: ...ial COM Port interface This can be a physical COM Port or a virtual COM Port VCP It must be available on the computer where the PIX connect software is installed Setup of the interface 1 Open the Opti...

Страница 111: ...parity and one stop bit 8N1 These parameters are used in many other communication devices too The other station must support 8 bit data 4 Connect the computer with the communication device If this is...

Страница 112: ...he slave is the camera RS485 is supported for Xi 80 cameras which have the hardware version 3001 firmware 3023 and at least the serial number which starts with 1812xxxx For the Xi 410 it is working fo...

Страница 113: ...ect software Imager exe only A dynamic link library ImagerIPC2 dll provides the interprocess communication IPC for other attached processes The DLL can be dynamically linked into the secondary applica...

Страница 114: ...umentation on http msdn microsoft com en us goglobal bb688096 aspx If desired the localization process can be illustrated in detail Also the resizing of buttons or other visible resources and the supp...

Страница 115: ...or Xi 400 115 Appendix F Wiring diagrams PIF for Xi 400 Analog Output The maximum load impedance is 500 Ohm The analog output can be used as a digital output too The current value for no alarm and ala...

Страница 116: ...gital Input Figure 55 Digital input The digital input can be activated with a button to the Xi GND Pin or with a low level CMOS TTL signal Low level 0 0 6 V High level 2 24 V Example Button Figure 56...

Страница 117: ...sable voltage range 0 10 V Figure 57 Analog input Relay output at industrial PIF Part No ACPIPIFMACBxx The analog output must be set to Alarm The range for AO1 AO3 can be set in the software no alarm...

Страница 118: ...118 Figure 58 Relay output at industrial PIF...

Страница 119: ...Appendix G Declaration of Conformity 119 Appendix G Declaration of Conformity...

Страница 120: ...optris Xi MA E2021 08 A...

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