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MCF5272 ColdFire
®
Integrated Microprocessor User’s Manual, Rev. 3
Freescale Semiconductor
2-1
Chapter 2
ColdFire Core
This chapter provides an overview of the microprocessor core of the MCF5272. The chapter describes the
V2 programming model as it is implemented on the MCF5272. It also includes a full description of
exception handling, data formats, an instruction set summary, and a table of instruction timings.
2.1
Features and Enhancements
The MCF5272 is the most highly-integrated V2 standard product, containing a variety of communications
and general-purpose peripherals. The V2 core was designed to maximize code density and performance
while minimizing die area.
The following list summarizes MCF5272 features:
•
Variable-length RISC Version 2 microprocessor core
•
Two independent, decoupled pipelines—two-stage instruction fetch pipeline (IFP) and two-stage
operand execution pipeline (OEP)
•
Three longword FIFO buffer provides decoupling between the pipelines
•
32-bit internal address bus supporting 4 Gbytes of linear address space
•
32-bit data bus
•
16 user-accessible, 32-bit-wide, general-purpose registers
•
Supervisor/user modes for system protection
•
Vector base register to relocate exception-vector table
•
Optimized for high-level language constructs
2.1.1
Decoupled Pipelines
The IFP prefetches instructions. The OEP decodes instructions, fetches required operands, then executes
the specified function. The two independent, decoupled pipeline structures maximize performance while
minimizing core size. Pipeline stages are shown in
and are summarized as follows:
•
Two-stage IFP (plus optional instruction buffer stage)
— Instruction address generation (IAG) calculates the next prefetch address.
— Instruction fetch cycle (IC) initiates prefetch on the processor’s local instruction bus.
— Instruction buffer (IB) optional stage uses FIFO queue to minimize effects of fetch latency.
•
Two-stage OEP
— Decode, select/operand fetch (DSOC) decodes the instruction and selects the required
components for the effective address calculation, or the operand fetch cycle.
— Address generation/execute (AGEX) calculates the operand address, or performs the execution
of the instruction.
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