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2.14 Controlling Sound

YaST automatically identifies and configures the sound cards in your computer. You
can also use the YaST Hardware module to configure your sound card manually. When
your sound card has been configured, you can control the volume and balance of the
sound with the GNOME Volume Control mixer.

GNOME uses the PulseAudio sound server by default. PulseAudio allows to control
audio “streams” of different programs with one GUI. This makes it able to, for example,
use two different programs generating audio output at the same time by sending their
output to different devices such as headphones and speakers.

If the mixer icon (a loudspeaker symbol) is not visible in the panel on your desktop,
press

Alt

+

F2

and enter

gnome-volume-control

, or click Computer > More Ap-

plications > Multimedia > Volume Control.

Left-click on the mixer icon and move the slider up or down to change the overall vol-
ume. Right-click and choose Open Volume Control for a detailed configuration dialog.

Figure 2.14

GNOME Volume Control Dialog Box

The GNOME Volume Control dialog box contains the following tabs:

Playback

Shows all playback streams currently active. You may adjust the volume of a stream
or mute it. Right-click on a stream to either terminate it or to move it to another
sound device (if available).

Working with Your Desktop

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Содержание LINUX ENTERPRISE DESKTOP 11 - GNOME 17-03-2009

Страница 1: ...SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop www novell com 11 March 17 2009 GNOME User Guide...

Страница 2: ...hat this manual specifically for the printed format is reproduced and or distributed for noncommercial use only The express authorization of Novell Inc must be obtained prior to any other use of any m...

Страница 3: ...DVDs 24 2 4 Searching for Files 24 2 5 Moving Text Between Applications 29 2 6 Managing Internet Connections 29 2 7 Exploring the Internet 30 2 8 E mail and Scheduling 30 2 9 Opening or Creating Docum...

Страница 4: ...ccessing Network Shares 105 5 4 Sharing Folders 106 5 5 Managing Windows Files 108 5 6 Configuring and Accessing a Windows Network Printer 109 6 Searching with Beagle 111 6 1 Using Beagle 111 6 2 Sear...

Страница 5: ...8 Backing Up User Data 125 8 1 Creating Backups 125 8 2 Restoring Data 127...

Страница 6: ......

Страница 7: ...o modify and individualize your desktop according to your needs and wishes Learn how to use assistive technologies to improve accessibility in case of vision or mobility impairment Internet Connectivi...

Страница 8: ...ions Deployment Guide Deployment Guide Shows how to install single or multiple systems and how to exploit the product inherent capabilities for a deployment infrastructure Choose from various approach...

Страница 9: ...reports and analyzing the log files Novell AppArmor Quick Start Helps you understand the main concepts behind Novell AppArmor Find HTML versions of most SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop manuals in your i...

Страница 10: ...with the actual value PATH the environment variable PATH ls help commands options and parameters user users or groups Alt Alt F1 a key to press or a key combination keys are shown in uppercase as on a...

Страница 11: ...Part I Introduction...

Страница 12: ......

Страница 13: ...r computer generally all users must authenticate unless Auto Login is enabled for a specific user Auto login lets a user automatically log in to the desktop environment when the system starts This fea...

Страница 14: ...yout for your session Session Menu Select the desktop to run during your session If other desktops are installed they appear in the list Display Settings Menu Change display settings such as resolutio...

Страница 15: ...g session preferences see Section 3 5 8 Managing Sessions page 86 1 1 2 Switching Desktops If you installed both the GNOME and the KDE desktops use the following instructions to switch desktops 1 Clic...

Страница 16: ...1 2 Logging Out When you are finished using the computer you can log out leaving the system running restart or shut down the computer If your system provides power management you can also suspend you...

Страница 17: ...restarted Suspend to Disk The state of your session is preserved however including all applications you have running and all documents you have open 1 3 Desktop Basics As with other common desktop pr...

Страница 18: ...age 19 Right clicking an icon displays a menu that offers file operations such as copying cutting or renaming Selecting Properties from the menu displays a configuration dialog On the Basic tab you ca...

Страница 19: ...con cannot be removed WARNING Be careful with this option if you move folder or file icons to the trash can and you empty the trash can the actual data is deleted If the icons only repre sent links to...

Страница 20: ...ram is already in the foreground a mouse click minimizes it Clicking a minimized application reopens the respective window to foreground status Figure 1 3 GNOME Bottom Panel The Show Desktop icon is o...

Страница 21: ...Opens the Help Center Help Opens information window about the panel application About Panels 1 3 4 Adding Applets and Applications to the Panel You can add applications and applets to the bottom pane...

Страница 22: ...ly useful if you want to terminate an application that is no longer respond ing Force Quit Find files folders and documents on the computer Search for Files Create display and manage sticky notes on y...

Страница 23: ...for a specified city Weather Report Access additional work areas or workspaces through virtual desktops For example you can open applications Workspace Switcher in different workspaces and use them o...

Страница 24: ......

Страница 25: ...far left of the bottom panel to main menu with recently used applications You can also click Documents to display your recent documents or click Places to display your favorite places such as your ho...

Страница 26: ...earch dialog box For more information about using Beagle GNOME desktop s search function see Chapter 6 Searching with Beagle page 111 2 1 2 Main Menu Tabs You can determine which icons appear in the m...

Страница 27: ...ions Recent Applications shows the last two to four applications you have started provided they do not already appear under Favorite Applications Recent Documents Click the Documents tab to display Fa...

Страница 28: ...which guides you through the process of installing new software Install Software Locks your system so that nobody can access it while you are away Enter your password to unlock the system Lock Screen...

Страница 29: ...cations System Home Folder or Nautilus File Browser Figure 2 2 File Manager The elements of the Nautilus window include the following Menu Lets you perform most tasks in the file manager You can also...

Страница 30: ...tory of recently visited sites and display your files in the Tree system To close the side pane click the X at the top right of the side pane To display the side pane click View Side Pane or press F9...

Страница 31: ...s you would like to archive you can compress the files into tape archive format TAR 1 In the Nautilus view pane right click the folder you want to archive then click Create Archive 2 Accept the defaul...

Страница 32: ...information in the Write to Disc dialog box or accept the defaults then click Write The files are burned to the disc This could take a few minutes depending on the amount of data being burned and the...

Страница 33: ...bookmark in the list You can also organize your Bookmarks list by clicking Bookmarks Edit Bookmarks and making your selections in the dialog box To change the order of your bookmarks click a bookmark...

Страница 34: ...system first Close all applica tions still accessing the medium then right click the icon for the medium and select Eject Volume or Unmount Volume from the menu Then safely remove the floppy disk CD o...

Страница 35: ...ool 2 4 1 Performing a Basic Search 1 Start Search for Files 2 Type the search text in the Name contains field The search text can be a filename or partial filename with or without wild cards as shown...

Страница 36: ...ons then click Available options 5 Select a search option that you want to apply then click Add The following options are available Description Option Searches for a file by filename Type a full file...

Страница 37: ...by a user or group that is unknown to the system Owner is unrecognized Searches for filenames that do not contain the string that you enter Enter a full filename or a Name does not contain partial fil...

Страница 38: ...e start directory Include other file systems 6 Specify the required search information for the search option 7 To remove a search option from the current search click the Remove button next to the opt...

Страница 39: ...on a file index the Search Results list might not be up to date To disable quick searches run the following command in a terminal window gconftool 2 type bool set apps gnome search tool disable_quick...

Страница 40: ...ick links in a page to move to different pages just like in any other Web browser For more information see Chapter 18 Browsing with Firefox Application Guide 2 8 E mail and Scheduling For reading and...

Страница 41: ...ening or Creating Documents with OpenOffice org For creating and editing documents OpenOffice org is installed with the GNOME desktop OpenOffice org is a complete set of office tools that can both rea...

Страница 42: ...p with more information is shown To view detailed information about the batteries current state left click the icon and choose Laptop Battery On certain events such as a critically low battery state t...

Страница 43: ...have been received You will not receive rate data from your computer if it is not charging or discharging or if the computer is suspended This is due to hardware limitations where the rate is only sen...

Страница 44: ...to RAM It takes less time for a computer to wake up from sleep than it does for the computer to start up after being turned off You can also set only the display to sleep and adjust the display bright...

Страница 45: ...D that you want to finish while you are away set only the display to sleep Figure 2 7 GNOME Power Manager On Battery Power Preferences General Preferences Use the options on the General Power Manageme...

Страница 46: ...up Use the Scheduling tab on the General Power Management Preference dialog box to configure an automatic wake up from a suspend state Specify a time of day and a day of the week for the wake up Figur...

Страница 47: ...eout set in GNOME Power Manager Preferences is reached and the CPU load is idle then the idle action is performed such as turning off the screen suspending or hibernating the computer To make this cle...

Страница 48: ...a container for other files An archive can contain many files folders and subfolders usually in compressed form Archive Manager application supports common formats such as zip tar gz tar bz2 lzh and...

Страница 49: ...ive in a new window To open another archive in the same window you must first click Archive Close to close the current archive then click Archive Open If you try to open an archive that was created in...

Страница 50: ...opening Archive Manager See Section 2 2 2 Archiving Folders page 21 for more information 2 11 3 Extracting Files From an Archive 1 In Archive Manager select the files that you want to extract 2 Click...

Страница 51: ...le with the same name already exists in the destina tion folder Extracts the specified file only if the destination folder does not contain the specified file or if the Do not extract older files dest...

Страница 52: ...nly the unprotected files to the new archive To extract an archived file in a file manager window without opening Archive Manager right click the file and select Extract Here The Extract operation ext...

Страница 53: ...2 12 Save Screenshot Dialog Box You can also use The GIMP to take screen shots In The GIMP click File Create Screenshot select an area choose a delay and then click Snap 2 13 Viewing PDF Files Docume...

Страница 54: ...nd press Enter To view a PDF file in Evince click File Open locate the desired PDF file and click Open Use the navigation icons at the top of the window or the thumbnails in the left panel to navigate...

Страница 55: ...output to different devices such as headphones and speakers If the mixer icon a loudspeaker symbol is not visible in the panel on your desktop press Alt F2 and enter gnome volume control or click Com...

Страница 56: ...ether software updates for you system are available An openSUSE Updater applet in the system tray of you panel informs you of the availability of updates and lets you easily install them with just a f...

Страница 57: ...To learn more about GNOME and GNOME applications see http www gnome org and http gnomefiles org To report bugs or add feature requests go to http bugzilla gnome org Working with Your Desktop 47...

Страница 58: ......

Страница 59: ...ferences page 52 and Section 3 2 2 Configuring the Mouse page 53 Desktop background as described in Section 3 3 1 Changing the Desktop Back ground page 57 Screen saver as described in Section 3 3 4 Co...

Страница 60: ...nts appear ing on the desktop You can modify themes window behavior and styles of desktop elements such as menus and scroll bars You can also configure 3D desktop effects Compiz For more information s...

Страница 61: ...interface Internet access security settings user administration software installation and system updates and information Follow the instructions in YaST to configure these settings For information abo...

Страница 62: ...eferences or typing break sessions click Computer Control Center Hardware Keyboard Figure 3 2 Keyboard Preferences Dialog 1 On the Keyboard tab you can set some general keyboard preferences such as en...

Страница 63: ...g break preferences For more informa tion about the individual options click Help 5 If all options are set according to your wishes click Close For configuration of keyboard accessibility options refe...

Страница 64: ...This feature can help you locate the mouse pointer 3 Use the sliders in the Pointer Speed section on the General tab to define the Ac celeration and Sensitivity of your mouse pointer 4 Use the slider...

Страница 65: ...inters 1 To start the Printers module click Computer Control Center Hardware Printing 2 The CUPS server to which you are connected is shown in the status bar To connect to a different CUPS server clic...

Страница 66: ...ion orientation using the drop down lists underneath 3 If you use multiple monitors you can set their respective positions by dragging their icons in the blue preview area to the appropriate location...

Страница 67: ...ckground and screens saver 3D desktop effects themes window behavior or menus 3 3 1 Changing the Desktop Background The desktop background is the image or color that is applied to your desktop You can...

Страница 68: ...If you do not want a picture on the background select No Wallpaper from the Wallpaper list and specify a color scheme using the options in the Color drop down list and the color selector buttons Your...

Страница 69: ...taking advantage of LCD subpixel structure Advanced options for display resolution smoothing hinting and subpixel order are available after clicking on Details 3 3 3 Configuring Menus and Toolbars You...

Страница 70: ...n labels display in your GNOME compliant applications Text below icons Displays icon labels below the icons for each button Text beside icons Displays icons on the toolbar with text beside the most im...

Страница 71: ...the specified time the Activate screensaver when computer is idle checkbox should be checked If you also want the screen to lock automatically when the screen saver is activated the Lock screen when...

Страница 72: ...arance of the GNOME com pliant interface items that appear on windows panels and applets such as menus icons and buttons Some of the control settings that are available are designed for special access...

Страница 73: ...rface Some control themes do not support setting custom colors 5 Click the Window Border tab and select the window frame option that you want to use in the custom theme 6 Click the Icons tab and selec...

Страница 74: ...ok and Feel Windows Figure 3 8 Window Preferences Dialog When several application windows populate the desktop the active window by default is the one last clicked Change this behavior by activating S...

Страница 75: ...r the Windows key 3 3 7 Configuring File Management Preferences The file management preference include settings for the GNOME file manager Nautilus as well as the settings for handling of removable me...

Страница 76: ...or folders in Nautilus upon single or double mouse click or to include a Delete menu item in Nautilus which deletes files or folders directly from your file system instead of moving them to the trash...

Страница 77: ...change the settings for the particular device 7 For more information on the available options click Help 8 Click Close when you are ready to apply changes 3 3 8 Locking Desktop Functions SUSE Linux E...

Страница 78: ...to the mandatory configuration source the lock icon does not appear In this case all disabled settings are stored in the user s default configuration source and can be modified later using other tool...

Страница 79: ...box and to enable or disable the switch user option in the unlock dialog box 5 For more information on the available options of each category click Help 6 If all options are set according to your wish...

Страница 80: ...nges you make to the main menu are not overwritten during a subsequent system update Changes are applied after the latest menu view is generated Procedure 3 3 Editing the Main Menu You can change the...

Страница 81: ...t and can be shown at any time you decide you want it to re appear in the menu 4 To delete an item from the Items list right click the item and click Delete If you want to show a deleted item in the m...

Страница 82: ...for the X Window System that uses 3D graphics hardware to create fast compositing desktop effects for window management Effects are implemented as loadable plugins Compiz lets you turn your desktop in...

Страница 83: ...er must be able to handle OpenGL or 3D requests from the Linux kernel If your configuration is compatible with desktop effects it will be enabled by default If your configuration does not support desk...

Страница 84: ...f desktop effects is now enabled You can change the enabled effects and their settings on the several tabs of the Desktop Effects dialog or just select a Profile from the dropdown list To activate the...

Страница 85: ...hen switching between windows using the Alt combination This is where you can set various desktop effects like opacity of the desktop cube or wobbling windows 4 Use the options on the Desktop tab to c...

Страница 86: ...olders and make the desired changes 3 Click File Quit to close the Configuration Editor Desktop Effects Shortcuts The following table contains a list of the default keystrokes and mouse movements you...

Страница 87: ...nd scroll wheel up Zoom in manually if the screen zoom is en abled Super key Windows key and scroll wheel down Zoom out manually if the screen zoom is enabled Shift super key Windows key and scroll wh...

Страница 88: ...password 4 Confirm your new password by typing it again then click OK 3 4 2 Customizing Keyboard Shortcuts A keyboard shortcut is a key or combination of keys that provides an alternative to standard...

Страница 89: ...anguage Settings SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop can be configured to use any of a number of languages The language setting determines the language of dialogs and menus and can also deter mine the keybo...

Страница 90: ...figuration tool lets you configure how your system connects to the Internet You can configure the desktop to connect to a proxy server and specify the details of the server A proxy server is a server...

Страница 91: ...lable options depend on the hardware used 4 If the Bluetooth hardware is available and switched on there is another available tab Under Visibility setting set the visibility of the machine over a Blue...

Страница 92: ...without shutting down the computer saving the power required by the display Sleep mode is especially important when the computer is operating under battery power Both the screen and the computer draw...

Страница 93: ...into sleep mode When the display is in sleep mode the computer continues to run When the computer is in sleep mode power to the display and hard disk is shut off and the computer uses only the power n...

Страница 94: ...referred Applications module allows you change the default application for various common tasks such as browsing the internet sending mails or transferring data with FTP Figure 3 16 Preferred Applicat...

Страница 95: ...level as soon as possible 1 Click Computer Control Center System Remote Desktop 2 To share your desktop session with other users activate Allow other users to view your desktop All keyboard pointer a...

Страница 96: ...re information see Section 6 4 Setting Search Preferences page 116 and Section 6 6 Preventing Files and Directories from Being Indexed page 118 3 5 8 Managing Sessions This module lets you manage your...

Страница 97: ...ms tab you can add programs to start automatically when beginning a session Click Add and specify the command that runs this application The commands are executed automatically when you log in You can...

Страница 98: ...lly You can limit automatic installation to security updates 3 In the Display Notification section set whether you want to be notified when updates are available or when long tasks have been completed...

Страница 99: ...type of sound and select the device to use In most cases Autodetect is the best choice unless you want to use a specific device Press Test to test the sound output Setting Sound Events Use the Sounds...

Страница 100: ...cts when buttons are clicked To enable sound alerts check Play alert sound Finally select the Sound Theme to use or set the sound of each event individually 3 5 11 Configuring Administrative Settings...

Страница 101: ...can be of assistance to people with different types of disabil ities These are covered in this section 4 1 1 Desktop Appearance Enhancement There are several ways to customize the appearance of the GN...

Страница 102: ...utton to select a default font to use for the text that is displayed on the desktop including the text displayed on the windows and dialogs associated with GNOME compliant applications Document Font C...

Страница 103: ...nd as follows Set the Desktop Wallpaper to No Wallpaper Set the Desktop Colors to Solid Color Select a background color that suits your needs 3 Ensure that the Use colors from system theme option is s...

Страница 104: ...th some keyboard and mouse tasks 4 2 1 Configuring Mouse Behavior The following sections describe how to modify the behavior of the mouse to suit your needs To open the Mouse Preferences tool choose S...

Страница 105: ...click on the Pointers tab in the Mouse Preferences dialog This will display a list of pointer themes and sizes available By default GNOME does not include mouse pointer themes For details on how to in...

Страница 106: ...e Preferences tool choose System Control Center Mouse Accessibility options can be enabled by selecting the Accessibility tab 4 2 2 GNOME On Screen Keyboard The GNOME On Screen Keyboard GOK displays v...

Страница 107: ...vision to blindness Users with visual disabilities encounter problems when seeing text or images on a computer screen and when per forming tasks that require eye hand coordination such as moving a co...

Страница 108: ...stalled you can also press Alt F2 to bring up the Run dialog and then type the command orca followed by any optional parameters and press Enter Orca will automatically enter text setup mode if you run...

Страница 109: ...magnifier page is the Enable magnifier check box This check box toggles whether or not Orca will provide magnification This option along with the ability to enable speech and to enable braille suppor...

Страница 110: ......

Страница 111: ...Part II Internet Connectivity Files and Resources...

Страница 112: ......

Страница 113: ...files and folders to share with other members of your network Make your data readable or writable for users from any Windows or Linux workstation Learn more about this in Section 5 4 Sharing Folders...

Страница 114: ...clients in the network These messages and the clients replies to them enable your machine to detect any available shares or services For broadcasts to work effectively your machine must be part of th...

Страница 115: ...rite access as well is dependent on the permissions granted to you by the owner of the shares To access network shares open Nautilus and click Network from the Places pane Nautilus displays the server...

Страница 116: ...ging documents is a must have in corporate environments Nautilus offers you file sharing which makes your files and folders available to both Linux and Windows users 5 4 1 Enabling Sharing on the Comp...

Страница 117: ...der 5 Conditional If the folder does not already have the permissions that are required for sharing click Add the permissions automatically The folder icon changes to indicate that the folder is now s...

Страница 118: ...d save them back to the Windows server Single Sign On GNOME applications including Nautilus support Single Sign On This means that to access other Windows resources such as Web servers proxy servers o...

Страница 119: ...Open the SMB Browser with Browse and select a workgroup a server and the printer Either enter the authentication credentials or choose to be prompted for authentication each time when accessing the pr...

Страница 120: ......

Страница 121: ...ments e mails and attachments Web history IM IRC conversations address book contacts calendar appointments notes source code images music and video files archives and their contents and applications 6...

Страница 122: ...nager Simply right click an item in the results list and select desired option The options available for an item in the results list are determined by its filetype Selecting a file in the list display...

Страница 123: ...ts list The View menu lets you sort the items in your results list according to name relevance or the date the file was last modified You can also access Desktop Search by clicking Computer More Appli...

Страница 124: ...as a the and is are ignored 6 3 Performing a Property Search By default the Beagle search tool looks for search terms in the text of documents and in their metadata To search for a word in a particula...

Страница 125: ...age imagemodel F Spot and DigiKam image tags and IPTC keywords Image file imagetag Use inarchive true for files inside an archive File inarchive Use inattachment true for email attach ments File inatt...

Страница 126: ...xt html author john title oranges 6 4 Setting Search Preferences Use the Search Preferences dialog box to set search preferences for Beagle 1 Click Computer More Applications System Search Settings Yo...

Страница 127: ...you want Beagle to start searching as soon as you stop entering text in the Find field in the Desktop Search window This option has no effect on the Search field in the main menu Display the search w...

Страница 128: ...ist of indexed directories select it in the list then click Remove 6 Click OK 6 6 Preventing Files and Directories from Being Indexed Use the Search Preferences dialog box to specify resources that yo...

Страница 129: ...s 1 Click Computer More Applications System Search Settings 2 Click the Data Sources tab 3 Check the data sources you want to be indexed 4 Click OK 6 8 Disabling Beagle On low end computers Beagle may...

Страница 130: ...Beagle Home Page http beagle project org 120 GNOME User Guide...

Страница 131: ...printer URI TCP IP address or host and the driver for the printer A number of common printer drivers ship with SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop If you cannot find a driver for the printer check the print...

Страница 132: ...o download 5 Specify desired options for the printer such as a description or location in the Properties dialog box and click Apply 6 Enter the root password The installed printer appears in the Print...

Страница 133: ...e 7 3 Canceling Print Jobs 1 Click Computer Control Center Printing 2 Right click the printer where you sent the job and click View Print Queue 3 Right click the print job and click Cancel If the prin...

Страница 134: ......

Страница 135: ...cted files It is possible to create scheduled backups or backups on request and to play back a previous state of this data 8 1 Creating Backups First schedule which data you would like to backup and w...

Страница 136: ...l hard disk or a USB flash drive Schedule Set Frequency and Time If so desired you can enable Backup now and create a first snapshot of your data immediately 3 On the Exceptions tab you add files and...

Страница 137: ...user s crontab For more information about crontab see the crontab man page 8 2 Restoring Data To restore a previous state of your data proceed as follows 1 Computer More Applications and in the Tools...

Страница 138: ......

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