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47 | MULTIPROFILER - USER’S GUIDE
DICOM – Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine.
Downstream (USB connection) – The output connection from a USB hub device.
Foot Lamberts (fL) – A unit of luminance. One foot Lambert is equal to 1 Candela per meter
squared divided by 10.76/π (approximately 3.43) .
Gamma – The relationship between the input video signal to a display monitor and the screen out-
put luminance. Typically the screen luminance follows a mathematical power function of the input
video signal, the exponent of which is called the gamma.
Gamut – The range of colors that can be reproduced on a particular device such as a monitor or
printer, or that can be distinguished by a sensing device such as a scanner or the human eye.
Hue – The basic attribute of color such as red, green, yellow, blue or purple.
ICC – International Color Consortium, a color industry group working on standards for color man-
agement technology.
ICC Profile – A file conforming to the standards set by the ICC that contains a description of the
color characteristics of a device such as a monitor, printer, or scanner. In Windows and Mac OS,
ICC profiles utilize the file extensions “.icm” or “.icc”.
Image Color Management (ICM) – The Color Management System built into the Microsoft Win-
dows operating systems.
Intensity – Intensity specifies the luminance or brightness of white when displayed on the screen.
Kelvin – An absolute temperature scale denoted by K. Zero Kelvin (0K) is equivalent to –273°
Celsius.
Lab – (See CIE Lab)
LED – Light Emitting Diode.
LCD – Liquid Crystal Display.
Lightbox – An enclosure with controlled lighting conditions used to evaluate proofs, transparen-
cies and other printed materials. Typically a lightbox is illuminated to approximate a standard
illuminant such as D50 or D65.
Luminance – A measure of the brightness or intensity of light, usually expressed in units of Can-
delas per meter squared (cd/m
²
) or foot Lamberts.
Look Up Table (LUT)
–
A table used to translate input values to output values.
Metamerism – A phenomenon in which two color samples appear to match in color under certain
lighting conditions but not in others.
MPCD (Minimum Perceptible Color Difference)
–
A unit of measure, developed by the CIE, to
define the change in light and color required to be just noticeable to the human eye.
Nit – A unit of luminance equal to Candelas per meter squared (cd/m
²
).
NTSC – National Television Standards Committee. A standard for encoding video signals used
widely in North America and Japan.
PAL – Phase Alternation by Line. A standard for encoding video signals used in Western Europe
and parts of Asia.