Breaker current ratings are current set points in which the breaker is designed
to operate. The internal configuration of the circuit breaker is designed to trip
when excess current is drawn through the breaker. The breaker will heat up from
the excess current causing the breaker to trip. The trip action of the circuit breaker
can occur within milliseconds due to the speed at which electricity can travel.
Breakers are designed to operate at a continuous load of 80% of the breaker’s
rated capacity. For example: A breaker with a 20 Amp rating will operate a
continuous 16 Amp load. This design leaves a small amount of working capacity
within the breaker. When an inductive load is applied, such as when an electric
motor turns on, the motor starts to spin and current consumption may momentarily
exceed the rated capacity of the breaker. As the electric motor comes up to operating
speed, the electric motor’s current consumption will fall. The AC current load then
falls back into the breaker’s rated 80% set point. This electric principle should be
kept in mind when using anything other than 50 Amp shore service and using
appliances with electric motors, such as air conditioners. When using outlets, care
should be considered when applying loads such as electric motors, heaters, coffee
makers, toasters, hair dryers or other large current consuming loads. The current
rating is usually stated on most electrical items. The current rating will either be
rated in amps or watts. Current ratings stated on electrical items will change
slightly with voltage fluctuations. As voltage increases current consumption
decreases. As voltage decreases current consumption increases. This may explain
why in some instances items operated at borderline voltage to current tolerances
may seem fine in one location but problematic in another.
NOTE: To calculate watts to amps simply divide the watt figure by the
voltage of which the item operates from. For example: The electrical
item is rated at 1370 watts. Divide that by the operating voltage of 115
Volts which equals 11.913 Amps. Use this formula to calculate the
amount of load to the available power supply.
290 • SECTION 8 --- ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS - HOUSE
NEPTUNE 2004
Circuit Breakers
Содержание Neptune 2004
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