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Reducing Atmospheric Effects with Fans

The most practical way of eliminating vertical temperature gradient and substantially reducing the

fluctuations caused by turbulence is to place a fan

behind

the target with the air blowing toward the laser.

When fans are used in conjunction with the “slow response” position on the readout switch, the effects of

turbulence can be reduced up to a factor of 10 and vertical temperature gradient can be virtually

eliminated.

Note:

It is extremely important to use both the fans and electronic damping when maximum system accuracy is

required.

When working to an accuracy of .001 in. in 20 ft. in the summer, the use of fans and damping is

unnecessary. Their use

would

be necessary, however, if an accuracy level of .0001 in. is required. In the

winter, fans are necessary at all times.

Recommended Fans

Two types of fans are

recommended. The least

expensive and most desirable is

the ordinary box window fan

available at department or

hardware stores. These fans blow

cylinder

of air, rather than a

cone

of air that is produced by

more expensive fans and

provide the maximum mixing

of air. A single fan of this type

can be used to a distance of

about 25 ft. If greater distances

are involved, several fans must

be used and positioned as

shown in Figure 31.

The use of fans will always improve the accuracy of readings except when the wrong type of fan is used

or there is an insufficient number of fans. If turbulence proves to be

worse

with the use of a fan, the more

fans are necessary.

The second type of fan that is particularly useful is the large, propeller-type shop fan. These fans are

usually effective to 50 ft. or more, but they are not as portable as window fans. Oscillating fans with

rounded blades and office fans do not work well.

Electronic Damping

Electronic damping involves adjustment of the selector switch on the front of the readout. Normally, all

adjustments are performed with this switch set at “fast response.” When switched to “slow response,”

additional damping, or electronic averaging, is switched in and substantially reduces the magnitude of

fluctuations from air turbulence. When first switched to the “slow response” setting, the meter readings

will likely change, but the original values will return in 10 to 20 seconds. This change occurs because of

the residual charge existing in the capacitors, which are switched into the circuit. Fluctuations may still

occur but will be greatly reduced. Take readings by observing the limits and splitting the difference. This

procedure works well for turbulence but has no effect on vertical temperature gradient.

Do not take

readings until the numbers have returned to the original values.

Figure 31 -

Using fans

Содержание STEALTH Series

Страница 1: ......

Страница 2: ...Level 14 Setting Up the Targets 14 Using the Control Panel 15 The Precision Level Vials 16 Reading the Precision Level Vials 16 Reading the L 740SP Split Prism Level Vials 16 Calibrating the Level Via...

Страница 3: ...m 52 Choosing a Reference for Roll Alignment 52 Remote Buck in Formula 58 Using Read15 for Remote Buck Ins on Rolls 59 Leveling Rolls 61 Arc Measurement Method Sweeping Through the Arc 62 Tramming Met...

Страница 4: ...J Machine Tool Alignment Methods for Older Equipment 101 Level to Earth Measurements 101 Setting Up and Leveling the Laser 101 Three Point Buck In Flatness 101 Three Point Buck In Procedure Using One...

Страница 5: ...plate or a way surface Three points are required to buck in a laser plane to a reference surface Two points are needed to buck in a straight line laser to a reference line i e centerline For most mac...

Страница 6: ...ce grinders Automotive transfer line wing bases Injection molding machines and presses Aircraft assembly seat track alignment setting water butt and station planes wing to body and body to body join a...

Страница 7: ...andard target A 1519 2 4ZB Single Axis Wireless Target with 0 5 micron 000002 in resolution Uses A 1520 2 4ZB Single Axis Wireless Target with 0 25 micron 000001 in resolution for higher accuracy appl...

Страница 8: ...body join alignment etc Sawmills Vertical press alignment Measuring and aligning The flatness of almost any horizontal or vertical surface squares frames ways flanges circles etc or axes The squarenes...

Страница 9: ...cking way twist and parallelism between surfaces Circuit board drilling machines Measuring and aligning The flatness and straightness of almost any surface squares frames ways flanges circles etc The...

Страница 10: ...Textiles roll alignment Measuring and aligning The flatness of almost any vertical surface squares frames ways flanges circles etc The straightness of horizontally and vertically traversing axes The p...

Страница 11: ...d guideway twist Pitch and roll angular measurements The L 740 Ultra Precision Leveling Laser The L 740 Ultra Precision Leveling Laser is our most accurate and ultra precise laser The L 740 is used fo...

Страница 12: ...Typical setup time 20 minutes or less Laser planes flat to 0 5 arc seconds in 180 degree sweep and 0 25 arc second in 90 degree sweep Plumb laser beam is square to the scan plane to 1 arc sec 00006 in...

Страница 13: ...Optional precision spacers are available in 1 in 25 4 mm 2 in 51 mm 3 in 76 mm and 6 in 154 mm sizes all of which are accurate to 0003 in 008 mm For applications where greater accuracy is needed such...

Страница 14: ...th other radio devices that might be operating at the same frequency The radio allows the selection of different system IDs so that two or more systems can work in the same area and will not interfere...

Страница 15: ...egative reading indicates that the target is below the laser plane The R 1356 2 4ZB can toggle between Absolute indicating exactly where the laser plane hits the target cell and Relative modes In Rela...

Страница 16: ...ed for any 2 axis target as well as two A 1519 2 4ZB A 1520 2 4ZB wireless targets The readout may be configured in Master Mode or Listen Mode see the R 1307 manual for complete configuration instruct...

Страница 17: ...B port The A 910 2 4ZB allows a data link for Hamar Laser software other than Read15 which is used on the R 1356 Both the R 1356 and the A 910 2 4ZB Computer Interface can be used in the same area whe...

Страница 18: ...ree points After recording the data it is best to use our Plane5 Software to analyze the data using the Least Squares Best Fit algorithm which removes any slope error if the laser plane is not paralle...

Страница 19: ...ner spin until you can see the laser beam pass over the target the farther away the target is located the slower the turret must spin Select SLOW MEDIUM or FAST Figure 7 shows control panels for the L...

Страница 20: ...plit Prism Levels Reading the L 740SP Split Prism Level Vials Once the laser unit is in position on the base power it on and use the coarse alignment micrometers to bring the bubbles to the center of...

Страница 21: ...level error is acceptable When calibrating the precision level vials work on a surface that is level to earth within 001 to 002 in ft A surface that is 10 to 20 ft in length is ideal When calibrating...

Страница 22: ...the target according to the readout you are using 3 Determine Far Reading 1 Move the target to the Far Point and again mark this point on the surface and record write it down the target reading This...

Страница 23: ...n result should be as follows Split Prism Vial Assembly 00006 in ft 0 005 mm m Standard Levels 00018 in ft 0 015 mm m Example 15 ft D1 000 Near Reading 020 Far Reading 1 010 Far Reading 2 010 Sum of t...

Страница 24: ...screw When the bubble is centered tighten the left screw until the bubble is stationary don t over tighten the set screw Check your work by repeating these steps and ensuring that the level is calibra...

Страница 25: ...this point Move the target back to the Far Position again ensuring that it is positioned exactly as before Record the target reading This is Far Reading 2 5 Calculate Level Calibration and the Set Poi...

Страница 26: ...crew When the bubble is centered tighten the left screw until the bubble is stationary Check your work by repeating these steps and ensuring that the level is calibrated to within the specified tolera...

Страница 27: ...useful in situations where the normal method would be nearly impossible Figure 14 illustrates the general rule for determining the buck in method to use L1 is the distance from the Laser to the first...

Страница 28: ...am the target center line and the distance between the far target center and the far read ing form a second trian gle The two triangles have the same three angles and are therefore geometrically ident...

Страница 29: ...r when the beam does not even hit the target in such cases the far reading can be taken by using a ruler to measure the beam s distance from the target center Once the laser beam is parallel to but of...

Страница 30: ...Targets with the R 1356 2 4ZB PDA Readout or with Hamar Laser s alignment programs set the readout display through the software You may also need to adjust the sampling rate to dampen the effects of a...

Страница 31: ...ocations the laser plane is parallel to the surface Figure 18 3 Point Buck In 3 Point Buck In Procedure Using Multiple Targets This method requires three targets The procedure is basically the same as...

Страница 32: ...f the points cannot be judged until after the measurement has been done The points are usually selected near the extreme ends of the job for the sake of convenience A 2 Point Buck In makes the laser b...

Страница 33: ...ition and rotate the target toward the laser Zero the target 5 Send the column back to the far end of travel and tweak the Yaw Axis adjustment knob to zero the laser 6 When the target reads zero at bo...

Страница 34: ...to the reference points on the machine This process is called bucking in the laser To speed up the setup process the use of three reference targets is highly recommended For measuring straightness tw...

Страница 35: ...e coarse and fine adjustments to line up the edges of the bubble Repeat the process with the Roll Axis level vial Now the red laser plane is level to earth 3 Place Target 1 at a location next to the l...

Страница 36: ...r Target 3 5 Spread out the targets on the table on three reference points two along the Pitch Axis and one on the Roll Axis 6 Looking at the data for Targets 1 and 2 adjust the Pitch Axis knobs on th...

Страница 37: ...travel and rotate the target head to point towards the laser 3 Turn the Yaw Axis adjustment knob to center the laser to zero on the target 4 Return the column to its starting position and rotate the t...

Страница 38: ...aightness and the Red Laser bottom left measures Flatness 3 The target readings are sent wirelessly to a laptop computer where our Machine Tool Geometry software records them Select the axis enter the...

Страница 39: ...calculates the Y Z and Y X Squareness The Gold Plane bottom left measures Y Flatness and the Green Plane bottom right measures Y Straightness 1 To measure the Y Axis move the second target to the sid...

Страница 40: ...ane measures Y to X squareness As before the Machine Tool Geometry software does the straightness and squareness calculations The results show 0010 TIR for flatness and 0008 TIR for straightness 6 The...

Страница 41: ...ss and straightness and parallelism to the Z Axis in the Y direction and the parallelism to the Z Axis in the X direction 1 To set up for W change the target position turn on the laser rotation and ad...

Страница 42: ...htness of W and calculates the squareness and parallelism to the other axes The results show 0003 in for straightness and 0011 in for flatness 4 The slope of the vertical Best Fit line is 0003 in ft m...

Страница 43: ...llelism for Z W in Y and Z W in X can be determined 1 Leave the laser in position and re position the targets To measure Z Axis flatness use the red laser plane with Target 1 on the table 2 For straig...

Страница 44: ...ly calculated The Z Axis results show errors of 0005 in for straightness and 0008 in for flatness 4 The slope of the vertical Best Fit line is 0007 in ft which means the Z Axis is sloping up toward Y...

Страница 45: ...tilting to the left 7 The squareness of Z to Y is 0004 in ft which means the Z Axis is sloping up relative to Y Additional Capabilities of the L 743 Machine Tool Alignment System Checking the A and B...

Страница 46: ...s of the X Y W and Z axes This section continues the alignment check assuming the laser is still bucked in to the five points as shown in Part 1 to show how to check the rotary axes for alignment Chec...

Страница 47: ...the rotation plane is also sloping up and away from the spindle relative to the main table 4 The last reading is 0031 and the data is uploaded to Plane 5 for analysis 5 Plane5 analyzed the data and f...

Страница 48: ...ments a simple tram bar can be inserted into the spindle with a target attached m 2 Adjust the ram and zero the target 3 Rotate the A axis 180 degrees In this case the reading is 0011 which means the...

Страница 49: ...lting toward the X axis by 0023 in 18 in Note In Steps 3 and 5 the purple ellipse represents the measured plane The transparent ellipse behind it represents the reference plane 6 The last A axis check...

Страница 50: ...the spindle 2 As with the A axis begin at 0 degrees zero and rotate 180 degrees The 0031 reading indicates the spindle axis is pointing upward relative to the Y axis 3 To compare the X axis start at 9...

Страница 51: ...uilt in level vials 2 Two reference points are needed to align the laser to the machine centerline Typically a fixture is made to hold two A 1519 2 4ZB Targets to pick up the tight wire centerline mou...

Страница 52: ...o measure the straightness the carriage is moved at user specified intervals and any deviations from zero are noted or recorded Since the readings update in real time the target can be used as a digit...

Страница 53: ...aligning the laser to the references it is then bucked in as before to put the laser plane on the machine centerline 2 Recall that the L 743 L 733 has three laser planes two vertical and one horizont...

Страница 54: ...lelism errors of the blade to the carriage travel Checking Plumbness of Blades With the laser leveled both vertical laser planes are plumb to earth and the plumbness of the blade can easily be checked...

Страница 55: ...uments at the side of the machine as references The L 742W or L 732W offers the versatility of using these benchmarks or of picking up a reference roll such as a cooch roll on paper mills We strongly...

Страница 56: ...s The L 742 L 732 offer the versatility of using these benchmarks or of picking up a reference roll such as a cooch roll on paper mills We strongly believe that using a reference roll provides the mos...

Страница 57: ...l at the side of the machine and level it The L 742 Laser Plane 1 LP 1 should be about 5 in from the side of the roll to allow space for the A 1519 2 4ZB Targets to measure the roll 2 Place A 1519 2 4...

Страница 58: ...netic base until the target detects the laser plane 4 Zero the value for Target 1 using Read15 in the R 1356 2 4ZB PDA Readout and move the target to the far end of the roll Note See Using Read15 for...

Страница 59: ...e Far Point Move Target 1 back to the Near Point re zero and repeat the process until the target reads zero at both locations which usually takes 2 3 tries If using the Remote Buck in Formula see Page...

Страница 60: ...il the laser beam hits the middle of the target windows Turn on LP 2 and the values for targets are then zeroed in Read15 establishing the offset centerline These targets are not touched during the re...

Страница 61: ...closest to the laser Adjust the post so the laser plane is near the center of the target Move the magnetic base up down the roll until the bubble is level Zero Target 1 in Read15 12 Move Target 1 to t...

Страница 62: ...2 Far Reading where D1 distance from laser base to Near Point target location on the roll D2 distance from the Near Point target location to the Far Point target location on the roll Far Reading the v...

Страница 63: ...lect the Target ID to use by using the dropdown menu b Select a location to place the laser c Select the Near and Far reference point locations on the surface to be measured see Figure 25 d Measure th...

Страница 64: ...settle down tap the yellow ZERO button b Place the target on the Far point and when the displayed readings settle down press RECORD c Read15 calculates a Set Point which is the value that you want the...

Страница 65: ...ness vertical straightness in a line between the Near and Far points move the target to another point on the surface and the display value will be a measure of that point s alignment relative to the r...

Страница 66: ...use the T 1600 as described below Ensure that the level on the magnetic base or fixture is centered indicating you are close to TDC 2 Slowly slide or rotate the roll the target magnetic base or T 160...

Страница 67: ...how out of level the roll is relative to earth level 2 For the horizontal parallelism rotate the shaft to 3 00 and zero it Then rotate it to 9 00 and this gives you a measure of how out of parallel t...

Страница 68: ...gs will stay the same for a short time as you rotate the roll and then start to decrease as you pass TCD see Arc Measurement Method Sweeping Through the Arc on Page 62 3 If using the mag base slowly r...

Страница 69: ...65 Appendix A Equipment Drawings L 733 Precision Geometry Laser...

Страница 70: ...66 L 743 Ultra Precision Geometry Laser...

Страница 71: ...67 A 1519 A 1520 Universal Wireless Targets...

Страница 72: ...68...

Страница 73: ...69...

Страница 74: ...70...

Страница 75: ...71...

Страница 76: ...72...

Страница 77: ...ved in bore alignments True Bore Center Target Center and Laser Reference Centerline If mounting fixtures were perfect the Target Center would be located at the True Bore Center and if perfectly align...

Страница 78: ...on the readout are also rotated Therefore although the Target Center appears to be to the right of and lower than the Laser Beam Center in Figure 28 the vertical readings are positive and the horizont...

Страница 79: ...the type intended for nail polish removal Note When cleaning precision optics even with the best quality optical cleaning tissue use gentle pressure to avoid scratching the surface or damaging the op...

Страница 80: ...n over a hot tar road in the summer Figure 29 Turbulence Another effect is caused by a vertical temperature gradient or refraction In still air the temperature is warmer nearer the ceiling than at flo...

Страница 81: ...and positioned as shown in Figure 31 The use of fans will always improve the accuracy of readings except when the wrong type of fan is used or there is an insufficient number of fans If turbulence pro...

Страница 82: ...nments are often performed outside or in semi protected work areas the laser beam may be enclosed in 6 in plastic sewer pipe This will reduce atmospheric effects however a vertical gradient immediatel...

Страница 83: ...This makes is very likely that the error in measurement at the point where the target is zeroed is nearly identical to the error in each subsequent measurement because the difference in sensor area be...

Страница 84: ...ea is 1 micron or less Approx 4 mm of measuring area each vertical line on the graph equals 1 mm Total Error 3 3 microns 2 microns 2 microns 0 000 Each green vertical line equals 1 mm of measuring are...

Страница 85: ...ith a small screwdriver Check A C power source Use second A C power supply if available 5 Noisy target A 1519 1520 readings on PDA Note On average the user can expect 00002in ft to 00005 in ft 0 0025...

Страница 86: ...B bridge controller see Windows Device Manager has to be lower than COM10 Check Device Manager in Windows Control Panel Set COM port for USB bridge controller lower than COM10 Ensure the correct targe...

Страница 87: ...port while still using the program Report to HLI the exact keystrokes that created the Runtime Error 12 Software crashes upon loading Ensure USB Serial Converter cable is connected to the laptop s USB...

Страница 88: ...ther transceivers 5 System ID setting switch set to the same number as the R 1307 CH Channel number Rear Panel Features 1 Not used 2 USB Data I O Port 3 Power Switch 4 External power supply required o...

Страница 89: ...stalled on your computer Windows 2000 Windows XP etc and open the folder 5 Locate the CP210x_VCP icon and click to initiate the installation process The Install Driver dialog box displays 6 Click Brow...

Страница 90: ...ically detect the COM port it must be manually selected see Manually Selecting a COM Port on Page 87 4 The Target System ID or R 1307 CH channel is the number associated with the A 1519 1520 targets o...

Страница 91: ...Start button and select Control Panel 2 Click the System icon 3 In the System window click on the Device Manager link located under the System heading 4 In Device Manager scroll down to Ports Expand t...

Страница 92: ...rk Under Host computer control the radio transceiver transmits a message called a polling request that contains the Target Network ID of one specific target All targets receive all polling requests bu...

Страница 93: ...eading with the target facing in one direction and then rotating the floor plate holding the target 180 degrees and recording the target reading again as shown in Figure 40 The two recorded readings a...

Страница 94: ...of rotation It is not possible to manually adjust the target center so you must adjust the laser to this offset and then zero the target In this case adjust the laser using the azimuth adjustments unt...

Страница 95: ...ou might be familiar are the L 700 Spindle Laser or the L 705 Bore Alignment Laser of the straight line laser family the L 719 and L 720 which are compact and accurate Crown Roll Lasers of the scannin...

Страница 96: ...ter readings as well as vertical and horizontal angle readings pitch and yaw The T 212 target is a general purpose target that serves a wide range of applications Accuracy 0001 in Range 075 in Single...

Страница 97: ...ight spot When these two vertical signals are combined by the electronics a bipolar DC voltage is produced This voltage is proportional to the vertical position of the spot s center of energy in relat...

Страница 98: ...are also two manual switches The Power Switch and the Scale Selector Switch The Power Switch has three positions OFF SLOW and FAST When there is a great deal of air turbulence set the readout to the S...

Страница 99: ...e made immediately before using the equipment If there is a question on the result of an alignment the readout can be calibrated by the operator If you must calibrate the readout to the target the pro...

Страница 100: ...number on the vertical readout display window Record the readout number on the worksheet Note While adjusting only the vertical micrometer watch both readout windows on the R 307 for changes If the nu...

Страница 101: ...r is greater than 15 percent return the target and readout to the factory for repair Figure 47 Error Calibration Worksheet Scale 0001 in Micrometer move Axis Readout Display Absolute Value Percent Err...

Страница 102: ...ve been glued into position and should be left alone If these screws have been tampered with or turned return the readout to the factory for service On the Model R 308 Readout one of the two screws lo...

Страница 103: ...a readout change the set of the Master Gain vertical input trim screw with the screwdriver To trim out half of the difference between the displayed move and the micrometer move adjust the trimpot so t...

Страница 104: ...set of the Slave Gain Horizontal input trim screw To trim out half of the difference between the displayed move and the micrometer move adjust the trimpot so that the numbers in the vertical display r...

Страница 105: ...height of the rods Zero the readout by adjusting the micrometer on the top of the target 8 Set the target on various places on the surface to be leveled and adjust the unit until the readout reads zer...

Страница 106: ...larly if the levelness of the machine is in question a With the laser in non scanning mode hold a tape ruler at the Near Position see Figure 49 Point the laser until it strikes the ruler and note the...

Страница 107: ...re to use only the micrometers that face the target in the setup displayed in Figure 49 this would be the micrometers marked ROLL Note When the target is in the Near Position always use the target mic...

Страница 108: ...ion of a laser beam to a surface or centerline Any two points may be chosen the suitability of the points cannot be judged until after the measurement has been done The points are usually selected nea...

Страница 109: ...ar point to the far point If the numbers are minus numbers the points are lower than the line drawn from the near point to the far point Close versus Remote Buck In There are two procedures for buckin...

Страница 110: ...the offset parallel beam and the set distance form a triangle The uncorrected beam the target centerline and the distance between the far target center and the far reading form a second triangle The t...

Страница 111: ...ure the beam s distance from the target center The determining factor for which method to use can be summed up as follows Use Close Buck in if the distance from the laser to the first target is less t...

Страница 112: ...ecommended IC Industry Canada Certification Contains Model 24XStream Radio 2 4 GHz IC 4214A 12008 Complies with IC ICES 003 Complies with ETSI France France imposes restrictions on the 2 4 GHz band Go...

Страница 113: ...dustry Canada Certification Contains Model 9XCite Radio 900 MHz IC 4214A 9XCITE Agency Certifications for the XBee 802 15 4 Series 1 FCC United States of America Certification Contains FCC ID OUR XBEE...

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