CHAPTER 6: SETPOINTS
S3 PROTECTION
345 TRANSFORMER PROTECTION SYSTEM – INSTRUCTION MANUAL
6–49
RGF SLOPE
Range: 0 to 100% in steps of 1%
Default: 0%
This setting defines the slope as the ratio between the ground differential current and
the maximum line current (ground restraining current) in percentages. The RGF element
will operate if the actual ground differential/restraint ratio is greater than the slope and
the ground differential current is greater than the RGF pickup setting. See the RGF Logic
diagram.
RGF DELAY
Range: 0.00 to 600.00 S in steps of 0.01
Default: 0.30 s
The RGF pickup time delay setting defines the time required for the RGF element to
operate after it has picked up. This time delay will override the spurious ground
differential current condition caused by CT saturation due to external non-ground faults,
or during transformer energization. Since RGF protection is intended to detect small
ground fault currents, delayed clearance of such a fault is not a high concern. On the
other hand delayed RGF operation due to a spurious ground differential current caused
by an out-of-zone fault can be used as a backup for downstream protections should
they fail to clear the fault.
GND CURRENT SPVSN
Range: Disabled, Enabled
Default: Disabled
This setting enables or disables the ground current supervision of the RGF function. If set
to “Disabled”, the RGF function will work without ground current supervision. The ground
current level is monitored if the setting is set to “Enabled”.
GND SUPV LEVEL
Range: 0.02 to 10.00 x CTg (W1) in steps of 0.01
Default: 0.10 x CTg (W1)
This setting defines the level of measured ground current above which operation of the
RGF protection is allowed. The setting is presented in times ground CT primary. The
measured ground current is compared to the setting only if the GND CURRENT
SUPERVISION setting is set to “Enabled”.
OUTPUT RELAY 3 to 6
For details see
Common setpoints
.
BLOCK 1/2/3
For details see
Common setpoints
.
Example:
Transformer: 5MVA, 13.8kV/4.16kV, D/Yg1 type
R
g
= 10 ohms
Phase CTs: 800:5
Ground CT: 300:5
If
gnd (max)
= 4.16kV/(10 ohms *
√
3) = 240A - maximum ground fault current
To detect a ground fault on the Wye winding at 15% distance from the neutral point, the
relay shall detect ground differential current of:
I
gd
= (15x240)/100 = 36 A/800 = 0.045 x CT – PKP setting for the RGF protection
The transformer loading will be almost unaffected for ground faults close to the winding
neutral, so that the winding rated load can be used as a reference in defining the RGF slope
setting. The rated load for 4.16kV Wye winding is:
I
rated
= 5MVA/(4.16kV*
√
3) = 693 A
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