ENSONIQ Corporation
SPM-1 Musician’s Manual
Page 18
GLOSSARY
Default
– An adjustable or programmable value or condition that an instrument automatically sets itself to. While
these values are automatic, they can be changed at any time you desire.
Digital Oscillator
– A waveform generator where the output is a series of numbers rather than a voltage. These
numbers are converted into voltage before being processed and sent to the output of the instrument. Digital
oscillators can generate complex waveforms with more accuracy than analog oscillators.
Digital Sampling
– A system of sound recording where an analog sound is converted into digital information and
stored in a memory. The sound is called out of the memory at the proper pitch when the keys of the instrument
are played. The SPM-1 uses digital samples of an acoustic piano and other instruments to produce its realistic
sound.
Filter
– Electronic device which shapes and colors sound – a tone control. The SPM-1 features a series of dynamic
filters for each voice which are controlled by how hard you play. Like an acoustic piano, the SPM-1 will sound
brighter the harder you play it.
Fine Tune
– A control used to make small adjustment in pitch. The tuning A440 control on the back panel of the
SPM-1 can tune the instrument to match any other non-tunable instrument.
Interface
– Literally, the place where any two or more things come together. In musician speak it is commonly
understood to be the linking together of two or more pieces of electronic equipment.
LED
– Light emitting diode. The small red lights on the control panel buttons are LED’s.
MIDI
– Musical Instrument Digital Interface. An industry-wide set of electronic communications standards that
enables instruments and other processing and programming equipment to “talk” to each other and issue and obey
commands.
MIDI Channel
– One of 16 communications channels available in the MIDI system. Depending upon the MIDI Mode
of operation in use, instruments can send and receive information on all channels or on specific channels for
synchronized polyphonic performance.
MIDI Mode
– One of four modes of MIDI operation which determines how a particular instrument processes MIDI
information. The SPM-1 uses MIDI Mode 3 (Omni Off/Poly), where it only sends and receives information on one
designated MIDI channel.
Multi-Sampling
– A digital sampling technique where many different recordings, or samples, of an acoustic
instrument are taken along the pitch scale to preserve the character of notes in all registers. The SPM-1 uses 12
groups of 3 samples each to accurately reproduce the complex acoustic piano waveform across the entire
keyboard.
Polyphonic
– Capable of producing more than one pitch or voice simultaneously. The SPM-1 is a 10-voice
polyphonic instrument.
Program
– A sound comprised of the basic waveform plus all the modifiers employed to give it its final character.
MIDI programs are numbers transmitted over MIDI to instruct an instrument which sound to play at a particular
time.
ROM
– Read-only Memory. Computer-type data storage device where the information is permanent and
unchangeable. The SPM-1 uses ROM chips to store the waveform data for all the keyboard sounds.
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