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absorb mode is considered adequate, the timer will be decremented by one minute. If on the other hand, the
performance is below the standard, the timer will not be decremented, which can result in a charge cycle that
lasts much longer to ensure the batteries actually receive the best charge possible in less than optimal charging
conditions.
The green LED on the front cover will be lighted when the processor determines the performance is
high and off when the performance is not high enough to properly charge the batteries. This allows you to
quickly visualize the real time charging performance that the controller is detecting. Often the green LED will
blink on and off randomly and rapidly as the solar/wind energy fluctuates.
2. Turning on or off the Equalize mode. By default, the equalize mode is not enabled. To start a manual
equalize, select the Equalize submenu, scroll right or left to the “Start Equalize?”. When this submenu is
displayed, press the “Up/Down” button to select “YES” and then press the “Enter” button to request this mode.
The equalize mode will then be queued. The controller will not actually start the equalize mode until the bulk
set point has been reached. Once the mode is started, the countdown timer will start and the mode will stay in
affect until the timer expires. The length of time in this mode is controlled by the “Equalize Minutes” submenu
option. The equalize mode is not performance based and will not be restarted automatically due to low current
conditions.
The automatic equalize: Changing the Equalize days from “0” to any number up to 90 will enable this
feature. The equalize function will then run once the day timer has been triggered and the bulk set point has
been achieved. The equalize will not actually start if the bulk set point is not achievable via the solar/turbine
charge inputs.
3. The Advanced Menu. The factory settings for the HVAD are to engage and disengage the solenoid as soon
as the currently active set point (bulk, float, equalize), is reached and to allow the battery voltage to drop by no
more than 6% from that setting. In addition, the microprocessor will attempt to track these set points as much
as possible but will not allow an enabled state of the solenoid of less than two seconds. Given these settings,
the controller may turn on and off the solenoid several times per minute. This is great if you want to keep the
batteries as close to the set point as possible, but not suitable if the primary purpose of the controller is to run a
pump, grid tied inverter, perhaps even Bitcoin mining equipment or any other real world load that needs to be
engaged for a longer period of time in order to be useful. This is where the advanced menu is used.
a) The relay offset setting: This setting allows you to specifically set the “lower set point” for any mode
based on a percentage of the upper set point. For example. The factory setting for this value is 6% and
the factory set point for the bulk mode in a 12-volt system is 14.4 volts. Given these two values, the
upper set point will be 14.4 volts and the lower set point will be a drop of 6% (or 94% of the upper set
point), yielding a lower set point of 13.4 volts. This means that the solenoid will be enabled when the
battery voltage rises to 14.4 volts and disabled when the battery bank drops to 13.4 volts. These upper
and lower voltages will cycle back and forth as the solenoid is engaged and disengaged; providing
there is adequate charge current to raise the battery voltage to the upper trip point. This distance
between the upper and lower trip point is called hysteresis and is necessary in a solenoid-based
controller. The hys-ter-e-sis width can be narrowed (the lower set point is brought upwards) by
lowering the relay-offset percentage. In the same manner, a higher percentage will yield a lower low
set point. The lower the set point, the longer the solenoid will stay engaged waiting for the battery to
drop. This setting alone can often be used to control a pump or similar device, where you desire to run
the load as long as the batteries are not depleted past a certain point.
b) The Minimum relay on time. This 2
nd
advanced solenoid parameter allows setting a minimum enable
time of the solenoid from 2 seconds up to many minutes. This setting can therefore allow a particular
load to be turned on for a minimum of, for example, 10 minutes, without regard to the lower set point.
During this time, the microprocessor still monitors the battery bank and will exit this timer if the
battery drops considerably and is considered by the controller to be depleted. The processor, based on
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