Self Discharge
Dirty batteries can provide a path for a small current draw that can slowly discharge batteries, thus wasting
valuable energy. To prevent self discharge, batteries should always be kept clean.
Hot weather also has an effect on a battery’s self discharge rate. The higher the temperature, the quicker a
set of batteries will discharge. In hotter climates, therefore, batteries should be checked more often. When
storing batteries, keep in a cool place (See Battery Storage, page 18-17).
Water Level
Add water only after charging unless the water is
below the level of the plates. Filling a battery before
charging will result in overfilling, because the elec-
trolyte level will rise during charging and some of the
electrolyte may bubble out of the cap. This reduces its
capacity and corrodes the metal parts around it.
The water level should be checked weekly to be sure
water is at its proper level (Figure 18-7). Never allow
the water level to fall below the tops of the plates
because this will cause the exposed part of the plate
to become permanently inactive. Check the water
level more frequently in hot weather or when batter-
ies become old.
Mineral Content
For the longest battery life, distilled water should be used in batteries. However, if tap water is going to be
used, be sure the mineral contents are below these levels:
18-6
WATER LEVEL
AT LEAST 1/2"
ABOVE PLATES
OR TO LEVEL
INDICATOR
PLATES
BATTERY
CAP
FIGURE 18-7
CAUTION
• DO NOT ALLOW BATTERY ACID FROM BATTERY CAPS OR HYDROMETER TO DRIP ONTO THE
FRONT OR REAR BODY. BATTERY ACID WILL CAUSE PERMANENT BLEMISHES. WASH OFF
IMMEDIATELY.
IMPURITY
ALLOWABLE CONTENT
IN PARTS PER MILLION
Suspended Matter
Trace
Total Solids
100.0
Calcium and Magnesium Oxides
40.0
Iron
5.0
Ammonia
8.0
Organic Matter
50.0
Nitrates
10.0
Nitrites
5.0
Chloride
5.0
Contact your local water department for this analysis
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