Water system balancing
Water treatment
WATER SYSTEM
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A complete knowledge of the hydronic system, including its components and controls, is essential to proper water system
balancing and should only be completed by a qualified expert. The system must be complete, and all components must be in
operating condition before beginning the water system balancing procedures.
Each hydronic system has different operating conditions depending on the devices and controls installed for the particular
application. The actual balancing technique may vary from one system to another.
After the proper system operation is established, the appropriate operating conditions such as water temperatures, flow rates
and pressure drops should be recorded for future reference.
Before and during water system balancing, conditions may exist due to incorrect system pressures which may result in
noticeable water noise or undesired valve operation. After the entire system is balanced, these conditions will not exist on
properly designed systems. If any of these conditions persist, recheck the system for air that may not have been properly
vented during start-up.
Proper water treatment is a specialized industry and therefore it is recommended to consult an expert in this field to analyze
the water for compliance with the water quality parameters listed below and to specify the appropriate water treatment
program. The expert may recommend rust inhibitors, scaling preventative, antimicrobial growth agents or algae preventatives.
Anti-freeze solutions, glycols, may also be used to lower the freezing point.
All Zehnder Rittling water coils are constructed of copper tubes and headers while multiple brass and bronze alloys may
be present in the valve packages. It is the end user’s responsibility to ensure that any of the water delivery components are
compatible with the treated water.
Failure to provide proper water quality will void the Cabinet Unit Heater’s warranty.
Water content
Required concentration
Sulphate
< 200 ppm
pH
7.0 – 8.5
Chlorides
< 200 ppm
Nitrate
< 100 ppm
Iron
< 4.5 mg/L
Ammonia
< 2.0 mg/L
Manganese
< 0.1 mg/L
Dissolved solids
< 1000 mg/L
Calcium carbonate hardness
300 – 500 ppm
Calcium carbonate alkalinity
300 – 500 ppm
Particulate quantity
< 10 ppm
Particulate size
800 micron max