Yanmar 3TNV82A-B, Service Manual

Page: 48 / 394

GENERAL SERVICE INFORMATION
4-8
TNV DI Service Manual
Function of Major Engine Components
FUNCTION OF MAJOR ENGINE COMPONENTS
Components Functions
Air Cleaner
The air cleaner prevents airborne contaminants from entering the engine. Since
the air cleaner is application specific, it must be carefully selected by an application
engineer. It is not part of the basic engine package as shipped from the Yanmar
factory. Periodic replacement of the air cleaner filter element is necessary. See the
Periodic Maintenance Schedule on page 5-17 for the replacement frequency.
Alternator
The alternator is driven by a V-belt which is powered by the crankshaft V-pulley.
The alternator supplies electricity to the engine systems and charges the battery
while the engine is running.
Dipstick (Engine Oil)
The engine oil dipstick is used to determine the amount of engine oil in the
crankcase.
Electric Fuel Pump
The electric fuel pump makes sure there is a constant supply of diesel fuel to the
fuel injection pump. The electric fuel pump is electro-magnetic and runs on
12 VDC. It must be installed on every application. This is standard equipment with
every engine.
Engine Oil Filter
The engine oil filter removes contaminants and sediments from the engine oil.
Periodic replacement of the engine oil filter is necessary. See the Periodic
Maintenance Schedule on page 5-17 for the replacement frequency.
Engine Oil Cooler
(If Equipped)
The engine oil cooler helps to keep the engine oil cool. Engine coolant from the
cooling system is circulated through an adapter at the base of the engine oil filter
assembly and then returned to the coolant pump inlet.
Fuel Filter
The fuel filter removes contaminants and sediments from the diesel fuel. Periodic
replacement of the fuel filter is necessary. See the Periodic Maintenance Schedule
on page 5-17 for the replacement frequency. Please note that the word “diesel”
is implied throughout this manual when the word “fuel” is used.
Fuel Filter / Water Separator
The fuel filter / water separator removes contaminants, sediments and water from
the diesel fuel going to the fuel filter. This is a required component of the fuel
system. This is standard equipment with every engine. The separator is installed
between the fuel tank and the electric fuel pump. Periodically drain the water from
the fuel filter / water separator.
Fuel Tank
The fuel tank is a reservoir that holds diesel fuel. When the fuel leaves the fuel tank
it goes to the fuel filter / water separator. Next the fuel is pumped to the fuel filter
by the electric fuel pump. Then the fuel goes to the fuel injection pump. Since the
fuel is used to keep the fuel injection pump cool and lubricated, more fuel than
necessary enters the injection pump. When the injection pump pressure reaches
a preset value, a relief valve allows the excess fuel to be returned back to the fuel
tank. The fuel tank is a required engine component.
Side and Top Filler Port (Engine Oil)
You can fill the crankcase with engine oil from either the side or the top filler port
depending upon which one is most convenient.
Starter Motor
The starter motor is powered by the battery. When you turn the key switch in the
operator’s console to the START position, the starter motor engages with the ring
gear installed on the flywheel and starts the flywheel in motion.
Turbocharger
(Only applies to 3TNV84T, 4TNV84T,
4TNV98T, 4TNV106T)
The turbocharger pressurizes the air coming into the engine. It is driven by a
turbine that is energized by exhaust gases.
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