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CT33 User Manual v. X1.0 23

11

Tracing cable faults

11.1 Location of a short circuit fault

Task: Cable has a short circuit fault which location
needs to be traced.

-

CTT33:

Connect transmitter outputs between the shorted

wires of the cable. If the short is to the shielding, connect
transmitter between the shorted wire and the shielding.

-

CL43:

Use LA43 probe. Monitor signal strength along the

cable  surface.  At  fault  spot  signal  gets  stronger  and  then
quickly  disappears.  Low-ohmic  short-circuit  are  easier  to
find. With shorts caused by water in a cable result depends
on  how  wet  the  cable  is.  Ground  leaks  and  leaks  to
shielding are all traced in a similar manner.

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Summary of Contents for CL43

Page 1: ...CT33 Cable Tracer User Manual for Devices CTT33 and CL43 v X1 0 ...

Page 2: ...ser interface 9 6 Putting the CL43 receiver into use 10 7 Using the receiver and probes 11 7 1 Choosing right frequency and probe for each task 11 7 2 Setting receiver gain 11 8 How to use a cable tracer 12 8 1 Locating cables from a distance 12 8 2 Tracing indoor cables 13 8 3 Identifying wires and wire pairs 15 9 Locating underground cables 16 9 1 Neutral electric cables and telecom cables 16 9 ...

Page 3: ...pection of the target area 27 12 2 Tracing floor heating cables and their faults 28 13 Tracing tubes and ducts 32 13 1 Conductive tubes and ducts inside walls or under ground 32 13 2 Non conductive pipes inside walls etc 33 13 3 Using duct sondes to locate duct blockages 35 14 Technical data maintenance and service 37 14 1 Technical data 37 14 2 Maintenance storage and warranty 38 Do not discard t...

Page 4: ... locate shorts in telecom cables To trace coaxial antenna cables To locate floor heating cables To locate ducts and duct blockages using transmitter sondes CT33 can be used both indoors and outdoors and when properly used it is safe even with mains environment Some tracing tasks may require accessories In this manual there are two symbols used to describe grounding earth connection This symbol mea...

Page 5: ...and red 1 0m 4mm safety banana plugs XKKp and XKKm safety crocodile clip black and red S3TB feeding cord 0 5m Schuko 3 pcs safety banana plugs CL43 Receiver for tracing the signal of the transmitter SA43 Rod probe to trace cables and sondes on 10kHz and 33kHz frequency KOCT33 User manual KLCT33 Carrying bag for the equipment accessories and other installation tools Polypropylene 400 x 350 x 90 mm ...

Page 6: ...transmitter antenna for tracing of small pipes and ducts length 10 m 2 3 Receiver accessories SA05 Rod probe to locate 512Hz sondes LA43 Close range probe to trace and identify cables and wires from a short distance on 10kHz and 33kHz frequency KA43 Capasitive probe for wire pairs identification A selection of duct sondes and push rods are available as accessory to locate ducts and pipes and their...

Page 7: ...id has screws CTT33 uses 6 1 5V LR6 AA alkaline batteries Similar NiZn or NiMH batteries can be used but they require a separate charger Output connectors 4 mm safety banana jacks for tracing signal output BOOST Output power selection When BOOST LED is on higher output power is selected PULSE Output signal mode selection Signal can be continuous default or slowly pulsed or fast pulsed PULSE LED di...

Page 8: ...rd cords are safe when properly used but safety precaution must be followed all the time when working with live wires If galvanic connection and feeding is not possible inductive signal feeding with a clamp on transformer may be used instead Warnings concerning the transmitter When operating with mains targets always use contact proof and right safety class cords and adapters and follow safety ins...

Page 9: ... receiving frequency mode 1 Press until a beep is heard Keep it pressed 2 Press until another beep is heard 3 See the LED arc One of the 512 10k 33k LEDs briefly indicate chosen frequency If necessary repeat 1 to 3 to get the right frequency Connected probe allows choosing only frequencies supported by the probe SA05 probe always forces CL43 to 512Hz mode Arc of 12 red LEDs In normal operation arc...

Page 10: ...o the arrow symbol 3 Turn the user interface cap back on the tube 4 Connecting disconnecting probes CL43 always requires a probe to operate To attach a probe push the probe connector 1 in to CL43 socket 2 aligned as in the image until the locking clicks To remove a probe Press the release button 3 under the rubber to release the locking and pull the probe out Warnings concerning the receiver Thoug...

Page 11: ... wire tracing and identification at close range with Vesala 10kHz transmitters 30cm 10kHz KA43 Wire tracing and identification with Vesala 10kHz transmitters 10cm 512Hz SA05 Locating 512Hz duct sondes Vesala PL18 05 PL42 05 13 m With CTT33 transmitter always use 33kHz receiving frequency with CL43 receiver and either black SA43 rod probe black LA43 close range probe or red KA43 probe Green SA05 ro...

Page 12: ...ance Transmitter Connect one transmitter output to the cable To make sure that the tracing signal current return path is distributed widely to the surrounding soil use a ground pick or additional wire for the other output Only on special occasions both transmitter outputs are connected to the wires of the traced cable Receiver Follow the cable s route using the SA43 rod probe Rod probe is very dir...

Page 13: ...e to a 45 degree angle and find a second minimum Distance between the first minimum A and the second minimum B equals to cable depth 8 2 Tracing indoor cables Transmitter Connect one transmitter output to one or more of the cable s wires and second output to a grounding e g to wall socket PE earthing connector ...

Page 14: ...ely connect both transmitter outputs to two different wires of the cable such as wall socket N and PE This feeding is more reliable as there is usually less cross talk to other cables hence making it easier to identify the right cable from others Receiver With the above feeding tracing distance is less than 20cm Scan wall surface with the LA43 probe to track a signal maximums and minimum As conduc...

Page 15: ...s possible over terminal modules to find signal maximum Strongest signal is above the right pair Due to cross talk signal can be heard elsewhere too but weaker When the right pair has been found between its wires there is a minimum This requires that probe is placed very close to the wires or the pair has open ends KA43 probe can be used to identify pairs also along their path such as on shelves o...

Page 16: ...t to one or more wires of the cable Same wire s should preferably be grounded at the other end Connect transmitter second output to a grounding preferably with a ground pick to damp soil CL43 Use SA43 probe Trace the cable route by pointing the probe to the signal minimum A Define cable depth by turning the receiver to 45 angle Trace right above ground until a second minimum B is found Cable depth...

Page 17: ...th e g to a wall socket PE contact To trace the feeder cable of a metallic light pole connect transmitter output to the earthed pole itself Connect transmitter second output with a ground pick to soil as far as possible CL43 Use SA43 probe Trace the cable route by pointing the probe to the signal minimum If necessary define cable depth as described in the previous paragraph ...

Page 18: ...CTT33 Connect transmitter to a clamp on transformer and place the clamp around the cable in a place where the cable is visible Note Using a clamp requires that the cable has been grounded at the near end preferably at both ends CL43 Use SA43 probe Trace the cable route by pointing the probe to the signal minimum If necessary define cable depth as described in the previous paragraphs ...

Page 19: ...utput terminal is connected to a live target as shown in the figure a voltage appears on wires connected to the other output as well unless they are properly grounded Task The route of a live or neutral cable must be traced from a short distance e g inside walls or on cable shelves CTT33 Connect transmitter between the wall socket N and PE contacts not to L contact with the S3TB cord This method a...

Page 20: ...nsmitter output between a neutral wire of the cable and a separate grounding Use a ground pick if necessary CL43 Use SA43 probe Trace the cable route by pointing the probe to the signal minimum At a distance less than 0 5m LA43 probe can be used too If cable s wires are disconnected signal gets weaker along the path and LA43 probe works better Closer to the end signal minimum gradually disappears ...

Page 21: ...ive a strong signal It is normal that several circuit breakers give a signal as they are parallel connected via their phase rail Above the right circuit breaker there is usually a very strong signal and a minimum in the middle If possible turn the circuit breaker off Signal level should decrease significantly It is recommendable to practise receiver use beforehand with known fuses breakers NOTE If...

Page 22: ...a clamp on transformer and place the clamp around the cable in a place where the cable is visible Note Using a clamp requires that the cable has been grounded at least at the near end CL43 Use LA43 probe Trace the cable route inside a wall or on cable shelf by following the signal minimum If the other end of the cable is grounded the whole route of the cable is traceable and even SA43 probe can be...

Page 23: ...e unused telecom pair or other unused pair of wires CL43 Use KA43 probe At cable bunches the right pair gives the strongest signal when the KA43 tip is close to it If the pair has been connected to a terminal module scan KA43 as close as possible over the terminals to find signal maximum Due to cross talk signal can be heard elsewhere but the strongest signal is above the right pair Between the ri...

Page 24: ...he cable If the short is to the shielding connect transmitter between the shorted wire and the shielding CL43 Use LA43 probe Monitor signal strength along the cable surface At fault spot signal gets stronger and then quickly disappears Low ohmic short circuit are easier to find With shorts caused by water in a cable result depends on how wet the cable is Ground leaks and leaks to shielding are all...

Page 25: ...eeds to be traced CTT33 Connect one transmitter output to the open wire Connect second output parallel to all remaining wires and possible shielding and ground them all preferably using a ground pick to soil CL43 Use LA43 probe Monitor signal strength along the cable surface At the fault spot signal quickly weakens ...

Page 26: ...wires and possible shielding and ground them all preferably using a ground pick to soil at both ends Set transmitter A to send fast pulsed signal and transmitter B slowly pulsed signal CL43 Use LA43 probe Monitor signal strength and pulsing along the cable surface At the fault spot signal pulsing should change Note This method does not always work because of environmental inequalities ...

Page 27: ...n work such as drilling or moving fixed furniture has resulted in a latent or immediate damage When and how the fault appeared Did it blow a fuse short circuit Did the cable just stop heating cut cable Did a residual current device trip ground leak Has there been renovation or other changes made recently or some time before Measuring cable resistances and capacitances Make sure that cable wires ar...

Page 28: ... following the route only it is necessary to try to find spots along the route where the tracing signal level suspiciously changes see next paragraph o In case of a short circuit signal can be followed to the fault where it gets stronger and then disappears o In case of an open circuit signal usually starts to weaken starting from the fault spot CTT33 Cut the power and disconnect all cable wires f...

Page 29: ...probe may work better than LA43 CTT33 Connect one transmitter output to the cable s shielding and second output to a good grounding e g to the feeding cable s protective earth PE wire CL43 Use SA43 probe Trace the cable route by pointing the probe to the signal minimum ...

Page 30: ...oor heating cable needs to be traced CTT33 Connect transmitter between the shorted wires of the cable in the below figure L and N Leave the third wire unconnected CL43 Use LA43 probe At fault spot signal gets stronger and then quickly weakens or disappears ...

Page 31: ...re carefulness while tracing and yet it is possible that exact fault location can t be determined CTT33 Connect one transmitter output to the cut wire Connect the second output to the uncut wire cable shielding and connect both of them to an auxiliary grounding preferably using a ground pick Do not use electrical wiring s PE CL43 Use LA43 probe Monitor signal strength along the cable s route In th...

Page 32: ...needs to be traced under ground or inside wall CTT33 Connect one transmitter output to the tube and the second output to a good grounding using a ground pick inserted to the soil as far as possible CL43 Use SA43 probe Trace the tube route by pointing the probe to the signal minimum If the tube is inside a wall also LA43 close range probe can be used ...

Page 33: ...Task A blockage of a non conductive tube needs to be located inside wall CTT33 Connect both SPA10 terminals to the transmitter Insert the antenna into the tube until it hits the blockage CL43 Use SA43 probe The SPA10 s head or blockage is located where there is a longitudinal minimum and transversal maximum in the signal strength see closer instructions in the SPA10 manual ...

Page 34: ...eds to be traced inside a wall CTT33 Connect one transmitter output parallel to both SPA10 terminals and the second output terminal to a grounding such as a wall socket protective earth PE contact CL43 Use LA43 probe Trace the tube s route by following the signal minimum ...

Page 35: ... signal as it travels in the duct Task Duct route or possible blockage needs to be located above ground or inside a wall Approximate location Hold the CL43 in 45 angle Scan left and right with the probe and move to the direction where the signal in average gets stronger Approximately 1m location accuracy can be achieved by this method Exact longitudinal location Hold the CL43 vertically and follow...

Page 36: ... under ground Sonde depth Hold the CL43 probe horizontally and transversely in 90 angle to the minimum line Move probe further ahead to the sonde nose direction until another minimum is detected Sonde depth h is the distance s of the two minimums multiplied by 1 4 Special case How to locate a sonde close to a very interfering cable duct or rail Turn the CL43 probe parallel to the interfering sourc...

Page 37: ...6 LED bar for output current three other LEDs Batteries 6pcs 1 5V IEC LR6 alkaline batteries or corresponding NiZn or NiMH cells Max battery voltage 11V Low battery warning approx 6 5V Power consumption 11 225mA Rated voltage 250Vrms Output connectors 2pcs 4mm safety banana sockets Output fuse 400 mA time delay 250 V Over voltage class CAT II 250V Enclosure ABS size 155 x 90 x 50mm Weight Approx 4...

Page 38: ...gth software version and indicating receiving frequency setting Audio indicators Internal speaker for trace signal and indication tones Batteries 3 pcs 1 5V IEC LR03 AAA alkaline batteries or corresponding NiZn cells Low battery warning at approx 3 7V Power consumption 20 50mA Enclosure Stainless steel and aluminium 180mm x Ø40 mm weight approx 230g including batteries no probes Enclosure protecti...

Page 39: ... at room temperature We recommend that the equipment is stored under dry conditions and at room temperature H Vesala Oy Ltd shall not accept liability of any financial losses or damages nor for any damage incurred to people the environment telecommunications traffic or similar as a result of the use of or the failure to use the device CT33 has a one year warranty against factory defects Warranty s...

Page 40: ...er Manual v X1 0 39 Manufacture sales and maintenance Peräsimentie 1 03100 Nummela FINLAND Tel 358 44 200 2005 Email info vesala fi Internet www vesala fi We reserve the right to make changes H VESALA Ltd 1914 ...

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