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D4223121B 

 

   

Copyright © 2013 TOSHIBA TELI CORPORATION, All rights reserved.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

www.toshiba-teli.co.jp

 

 

 

BU Series 

CMOS Camera 

 

Instruction Manual 
 
 
 

 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Model 
BU406M 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Information contained in this document is subject to change without prior notice. 

 

Thank you for purchasing our product. 

Before using this CMOS camera, please read through this instruction manual 

carefully in order to use this product correctly and safely. 

After reading, keep this instruction manual handy so that you can refer to, 

whenever you need it. 

Summary of Contents for BU406M

Page 1: ... Information contained in this document is subject to change without prior notice Thank you for purchasing our product Before using this CMOS camera please read through this instruction manual carefully in order to use this product correctly and safely After reading keep this instruction manual handy so that you can refer to whenever you need it ...

Page 2: ...ral Specifications 18 LED status 20 I O Specification 21 Timing Specification 22 Typical Spectral Response 24 Operating Ambient Conditions 25 Functions 27 Bootstrap Registers 28 DeviceControl 29 ImageFormatControl 30 Scalable 31 PixelFormat 33 AcquisitionControl 34 ImageBuffer 36 ExposureTime 38 BlackLevel 39 Gain 40 Gamma 41 TriggerControl 42 UserSetControl 46 DigitalIOControl 48 TimerControl 51 ...

Page 3: ... long period of outpatient treatment of cure 2 Light to moderate injuries refers to injuries burns electric shock etc that do not require hospitalization or long term treatment 3 Property damage refers to cases of extensive damage involving damage to buildings equipment farm animals pet animals and other belongings Explanation of Safety Symbols Safety Signs Description WARNING Indicates a potentia...

Page 4: ... result For internal repair inspection or cleaning contact your sales representative Never pull apart Do not place anything on the equipment If metallic objects liquid or other foreign matter enters the equipment fire or electric shock may result Avoid Do not install the equipment in an unstable or inclined location or locations subject to vibration or impact Otherwise the equipment may topple ove...

Page 5: ...d When performing connection turn off power When connecting the power cable and the connection cable turn off the equipment power Otherwise fire or electric shock may result Instruction Do not expose its camera head to any intensive light such as direct sunlight Otherwise its inner image pickup device might get damaged Avoid Avoid short circuiting signal output Otherwise a malfunction may occur Av...

Page 6: ...onsibility for such damages In the case damage or losses are caused by failure to observe the information contained in the instructions in this instruction manual and specifications In the case damage or losses are caused by use contrary to the instructions in this instruction manual and specifications In the case damage or losses are caused by malfunction or other problems resulting from unintend...

Page 7: ...h designer or personnel shall assure the performance and safety of the equipment or devices This product is not designed or manufactured to be used for control of equipment directly concerned with human life 1 or equipment relating to maintenance of public services functions involving factors of safety 2 Therefore the product shall not be used for such applications 1 Equipment directly concerned w...

Page 8: ... image is reflected as a ghost in the imaging area However this is not because of a fault of the camera In addition depending on the lens you use the performance of the camera may not be brought out fully due to deterioration in resolution and brightness in the peripheral area aberration and others Be sure to check a combination with the camera by using the lens and lightning you actually use When...

Page 9: ...d on the screen If this occurs move the camera or the cable Handling of the protective cap If the camera is not in use attach the lens cap to the camera to protect the image pickup surface If the equipment is not to be used for a long duration Turn off power to the camera for safety Maintenance Turn off power to the equipment and wipe it with a dry cloth If it becomes severely contaminated gently ...

Page 10: ...al device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communication Operation o...

Page 11: ...要求标准规定的限量要求 SJ T11363 2006 以下 表示该有毒有害物质至少在该部件的某一均质材料中的含量超出电子信息产品中有毒有害 物质的限量要求标准规定的限量要求 SJ T11363 2006 This information is applicable for People s Republic of China only リサイクルに リサイクルに リサイクルに リサイクルに関 関 関 関する する する する情報 情報 情報 情報 包装物 包装物 包装物 包装物 有关再利用的信息 有关再利用的信息 有关再利用的信息 有关再利用的信息 包装物 包装物 包装物 包装物 Information on recycling of wrapping composition Information on recycling of wrapping composition Informat...

Page 12: ...You can download the SDK for our USB camera products TeliU3vSDK from the Service Support section of our website User registration is necessary to use downloading service Please make a user registration or contact your sales representative TOSHIBA TELI CORPORATION Top Page http www toshiba teli co jp index htm Service Support https www toshiba teli co jp cgi ss en service cgi Please refer to the Te...

Page 13: ...bal shutter As it employs a global electronic shutter similar to a CCD image sensor clear images of even fast moving object are obtainable with less blur USB 3 0 interface Video output and camera control are performed via the USB 3 0 standard interface Data transfer is up to 5Gbps Maximum that enables to output uncompressed video data at high frame rate USB3 Vision conformity This product is based...

Page 14: ... mode achieves higher frame rate by reducing vertical output area And reduces occupied data rate of USB bus by reducing horizontal output area Compact and lightweight This camera is compact and lightweight it is easy to integrate into industrial equipment EU RoHS Chinese ROHS USB is a unified standard established by USB IF USB Implementers Forum USB3 Vision is a unified standard established by AIA...

Page 15: ...a to host PC Please use a USB3 0 cable of Standard A Micro B This product is able to connect a USB cable equipped with screw lock mechanism Please use it as needed USB3 0 Interface Card 2 This is the interface card to connect to the camera Usually this card is installed to expansion slot of PC etc e CON Cable 2 This cable is used to input external trigger signal and output GPIO signal We recommend...

Page 16: ...sible to break down If you use your camera in such a situation use an USB3 0 cable with a lock screw and secure the camera cable as close as possible to the camera body for avoid physical shock to the camera connector About e CON cable In the case that electric wire is long or thin input and output voltage may not satisfy specifications of the camera or your system by voltage drop Please confirm w...

Page 17: ...mitter differential pair 7 O SSTX 8 GND_DRAN Ground for SuperSpeed signal return 9 I SSRX SuperSpeed receiver differential pair 10 I SSRX 2 I O Connector Connector Camera side 37204 62B3 004PL Sumitomo 3M or equivalent Matching connector Cable side Connectors which conformed to e CON e g 37104 series Sumitomo 3M RITS 4P series Tyco Matching connector is not an accessory of this product Pin assignm...

Page 18: ...17 65 D4223121B Copyright 2013 TOSHIBA TELI CORPORATION All rights reserved www toshiba teli co jp Outline Drawing ...

Page 19: ...ct illuminance 1 7lx Power supply DC 5V 5 from USB connector Power consumption 2 2 6W maximum Base clock frequency 48 000MHz 100ppm Interface USB 3 0 Only SuperSpeed is supported Transmission speed 5Gbps maximum Protocol USB3 Vision Cable length Up to 3 0 m Image format Mono 8 bit Number of Video out pixels H V 2048 2048 Maximum Frame rate 2 90 fps Dimensions 29 mm W x 29 mm H x 13 mm D Not includ...

Page 20: ...ion and others When you check the combination between the lens and camera be sure to use the lens you actually use In addition use a mounting screw free from defects and dirt Otherwise the camera may be unable to be removed As for the C mount lens used combining this camera the projection distance from bottom of the screw should use 10mm or less Notes on Dropping Frames Depends on your PC and USB3...

Page 21: ...perSpeed connected but no data being transferred Flash green ON 200ms OFF 800ms SuperSpeed connected waiting for trigger Flash orange ON 200ms OFF 800ms HighSpeed connected but no data being transferred Slow flash green ON 400ms OFF 1600ms HighSpeed connected waiting for trigger Slow flash orange ON 400ms OFF 1600ms Data being transferred Solid Green Error during data transfer Solid Red Time perio...

Page 22: ...Low active Pulse Width Minimum 50µs GPIO Output Output Circuit 5V CMOS Polarity High active Low active initial factory setting Low active Signal Source TIMER0 ACTIVE USER OUTPUT EXPOSURE ACTIVE FRAME ACTIVE FRAME TRANSFER FRAME TRIGGER WAIT Circuit diagram Trigger Input Notes of external trigger signal Depending on cable length cable kinds and input current of trigger input line Random Trigger Shu...

Page 23: ...ed by absolute prerequisite that camera can use transmission band without restriction of other device When there is other device on the same bus the value described below is not guaranteed In normal shutter mode Video format Mono 8 all pixels readout Model T1 ms T2 ms Default Framerate ms BU406M 11 1 Frame Rate setting by the application 11 1 If the value of T2 is not set by the application it wil...

Page 24: ...BU406M 0 4 0 4 T1 is the same value as the normal shutter mode T3 and T4 are typical value Notes of random trigger shutter mode In the period when FRAME_TRIGGER_WAIT GPIO signal is inactive user must not input external trigger signal to this camera When the interval of the input trigger signal is extremely short or when the trigger signal is noisy there is a possibility of causing the malfunction ...

Page 25: ...rights reserved www toshiba teli co jp Typical Spectral Response The lens characteristics and light source characteristics is not reflected in table BU406M 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 0 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 Wave Length nm Relative Response ...

Page 26: ...ess than 50 C Humidity 10 90 no condensation Storage Assurance Temperature 20 C 60 C Humidity 90 or less no condensation EMC Conditions EMI Electro Magnetic Interference EN61000 6 4 FCC Part 15 Subpart B Class A EMS Electro Magnetic Susceptibility EN61000 6 2 Notes on Heat Radiation The temperature of camera housing must be kept less than 50 C Please provide sufficient heat radiation depending on ...

Page 27: ... of this camera is assured in the condition of combination with the following parts USB Cable USB3C A 1 CS 1 C 0 COMOSS Electronic Co Ltd e CON Cable 3 0m Shield cable Fabricated parts Parts e CON connector XN2A 1470 OMRON Corporation Shielded wire UL1533 AWG28 Hitachi cable Ltd Connection Please confirm the EMC adaptability when it combines with parts other than them ...

Page 28: ...ixel format selection AcquisitionControl AcquisitionControl Image stream start stop ImageBuffer Image buffer control LuminanceControl ExposureTime Exposure time control BlackLevel Black level control Gain Gain control Gamma Gamma control TriggerControl TriggerControl Trigger control UserSetControl UserSetControl Load Save user setting DigitalIOControl DigitalIOControl GPIO signal control TimerCont...

Page 29: ...monly used registers Registers USB3 Vision ABRM Register Visibility Access Description UserDefinedName Expert R W Store user s arbitrary string in non volatile memory USB3 Vision SIRM Register Visibility Access Description StreamEnable R W Open and close the stream channel USB3 Vision EIRM Register Visibility Access Description EventEnable Expert R W Activate event notification function TriggerEve...

Page 30: ...the free user ID to the camera Registers Register Visibility Access Description DeviceReset Expert W Resets the device DeviceVendorName Beginner R Returns the vendor name DeviceModelName Beginner R Returns the model name DeviceManufacturerInfo Beginner R Returns the manufacturer information DeviceVersion Beginner R Returns the device version DeviceID Beginner R Returns the device ID serial number ...

Page 31: ... image format Setting Select an image format Set a following value to ImageFormatSelector register Setting value is Enumeration type ImageFormatSelector Function Format0 Scalable Mode Format2 Decimation Mode initial factory setting Note Changing ImageFormatSelector register value is invalid during image stream data output Decimation function is disabled when the camera is running in Scalable mode ...

Page 32: ... size m n integer The window size is equal or less than maximum image size Start address 4 x i H x 2 x j V i j integer The window size is equal or less than maximum image size B x n Fig Scalable Registers Register Visibility Access Description SensorWidth Beginner R Returns effective width of the sensor in pixels SensorHeight Beginner R Returns effective Height of the sensor in pixels WidthMax Exp...

Page 33: ...o Width Height OffsetX OffsetY registers Setting value is Integer type Width Height registers are image size setting OffsetX OffsetY registers are image start position setting Model BU406M Width unit size 4 Height unit size 2 Minimum unit size 64x64 Maximum unit size 2048x2048 OffsetX unit size 4 OffsetY unit size 2 initial factory setting Note Changing Width Height OffsetX OffsetY register value ...

Page 34: ...coding PixelSize Beginner R W Selects a bit size of image pixel PixelEndian Beginner R Returns a pixel endian BU406M supports Little endian PixelFormat Beginner R Returns a selected pixel format PixelFormat is conformed to AIA Pixel Format Naming Convention Setting Select a pixel size Set a following value to PixelSize register Setting value is Enumeration type PixelSize Function Bpp8 8 bits per p...

Page 35: ...cutes the image stream output stop AcquisitionAbort Beginner W Executes the image stream output abort AcquisitionFrameCount Beginner R W Sets the number of frames to transfer in MultiFrame mode AcquisitionFrameRateControl Beginner R W Activates frame rate setting AcquisitionFrameRate Beginner R W Sets frame rate of image stream AcquisitionFrameIntervalControl Beginner R W Activates frame interval ...

Page 36: ...rval register is a reciprocal of AcquisitionFrameRate AcquisitionFrameRateControl Function NoSpecify The frame rate is determined by giving priority to ExposureTime setting value Manual The frame rate is determined by giving priority to AcquisitionFrameRate setting value initial factory setting AcquisitionFrameRate Value Minimum 0 5 Hz Maximum Depend on register setting of Height and Decimation in...

Page 37: ...or Line0 to TriggerSource register Activate image buffer mode Set On to ImageBufferMode register Open Close stream channel to be ready to receive stream data Set 1 to StreamEnable in Bootstrap Registers before ImageBufferRead Set 0 to StreamEnable in Bootstrap Registers after completion of image acquisition from image buffer Capture and store images Input trigger signals to capture and store image...

Page 38: ...l it is required to control StreamEnable plus SDK setups on your application Please refer to the TeliU3vSDK for details Start button in TeliU3vViewer can t deal with StreamEnable register alone Please substitute procedure StreamEnable 1 to following instructions Push Start button on TeliU3vViewer main window Execute AcquisitionStop in XML window ...

Page 39: ...tion ExposureTimeControl Beginner R W Selects exposure time control mode ExposureTime Beginner R W Sets absolute exposure time Setting Select exposure time control mode Set the ExposureTimeControl register to Manual Set the following value to ExposureTime register Setting value is Float type AcquisitionFrameRateControl Function NoSpecify The frame rate is determined by giving priority to Acquisiti...

Page 40: ... is adjustable from 25 to 25 as white saturation level is 100 However when BlackLevel is lower than 0 the image level may not be saturated Fig Black Level Registers Register Visibility Access Description BlackLevel Beginner R W Sets the absolute Black Level Setting Set Black Level Set the following value to BlackLevel register Setting value is Float type BlackLevel Value Minimum 25 00 Maximum 25 0...

Page 41: ...e Gain Setting Set Manual Gain Set the following value to Gain register Setting value is Float type This setting value is valid only at Manual Gain mode setting Gain Value Minimum x0 00 times Maximum x8 00 times initial factory setting The formula of Gain value is as follows Output signal Input signal x Gain Note Notes on gain setting Setting the gain value too high increases noises When you adjus...

Page 42: ...for the BU series This function allows you to apply a gamma correction to the output images Fig Gamma correction Registers Register Visibility Access Description Gamma Beginner R W Sets the Gamma correction Setting Set Gamma correction Set the following value to Gamma register Setting value is Float type Gamma Value Minimum 0 45 Maximum 1 00 initial factory setting Note ...

Page 43: ...able 1 Trigger signal via the I O connector HardwareTrigger 2 Trigger command via the USB interface SoftwareTrigger The following table shows the combination of operation mode Table Operation Mode Trigger Mode Synchronization Exposure Control Normal Shutter mode Free run ExposureTime register control Random Trigger Shutter mode HardwareTrigger Edge mode TriggerSequence0 Bulk mode TriggerSequence6 ...

Page 44: ...lse width of the trigger signal Bulk mode TriggerSequence6 Camera exposes and transfers multiple frames by a single trigger Fig Trigger sequence Operation point of HardwareTrigger is at the edge of trigger signal and active edge polarity is able to change by register setting And you can add delay time from trigger edge to exposure start by register setting Fig Trigger Delay Details of Random Trigg...

Page 45: ...the following value to TriggerMode register Setting value is Enumeration type TriggerMode Function Off Normal Shutter Mode On Random Trigger Shutter mode initial factory setting Select trigger sequence Set the following value to TriggerSequence register Setting value is Enumeration type TriggerSequence Function TriggerSequence0 Edge mode TriggerSequence1 Level mode TriggerSequence6 Bulk mode initi...

Page 46: ...et trigger delay HardwareTrigger operation only Set the following value to TriggerDelay register Setting value is Float type Adds delay time from trigger edge to exposure start TriggerDelay Value Minimum 0 00 µs Maximum 4095 00 µs initial factory setting Grabs image stream by software trigger When executes TriggerSoftware register command software trigger command is generated Camera starts exposur...

Page 47: ...serSetLoad UserSetSave Category Register Category Register ImageFormatControl ImageFormatSelector TriggerControl TriggerMode Width TriggerSequence Height TriggerSource OffsetX TriggerAdditionalParameter OffsetY TriggerDelay PixelCoding Size Endian TimerTriggerSource DecimationHorizontal Vertical DigitalIOControl LineModeAll ReverseX ReverseY LineInverterAll AcquisitionControl AcquisitionFrameRate ...

Page 48: ... Load UserSet0 Select memory bank 0 for user setting initial factory setting Load Save a user setting When execute UserSetLoad the camera loads user setting from the bank selected in UserSetSelector register and applies them When execute UserSetSave the camera saves user setting to the bank selected in UserSetSelector register Load a user setting at the time of start up Set the following value to ...

Page 49: ...The following chart shows the specifications of the selectable signals Fig Selectable signals Registers Register Visibility Access Description LineModeAll Beginner R Returns the direction of each Line signal LineInverterAll Beginner R W Selects the polarity of each Line signal LineStatusAll Beginner R Returns the status of each Line signal UserOutputValueAll Beginner R W Sets the user output value...

Page 50: ...t FrameTriggerWait Indicating waiting a Random Trigger Shutter An External trigger is input during this period exposure starts immediately FrameActive Period from exposure start to CMOS sensor read out completion FrameTransfer Period of transferring image data on USB bus ExposureActive Period from exposure start to exposure end UserOutput Outputs the value set in UserOutputValueAll Timer0Active Th...

Page 51: ... LineInverterAll register The setting value is Integer type Each bit corresponds to each Line Both Line0 and Line1 are settable Inverter is also inserted to UserOutputValue LineInverterAll Function 0 non inverted 1 inverted initial factory setting Fig GPIO internal circuit diagram Note About the details of Timer0Active signal refer to TimerControl of Functions ...

Page 52: ...rived from several signal sources This pulse can be used as strobe control signal Fig Timer0Active Registers Register Visibility Access Description TimerSelector Beginner R Returns the selected timer name TimerDuration Beginner R W Sets the width of Timer0Active pulse TimerDelay Beginner R W Sets the delay of Timer0Active pulse TimerTriggerSource Beginner R W Selects the source of Timer0Active pul...

Page 53: ...ng value to TimerTriggerSource register Setting value is Enumeration type TimerTriggerSource Description Off Disables the timer trigger Line0Active Starts when TRIG_IN Line0 is active ExposureStart Starts with the reception of the Exposure Start FrameTrigger Starts with the reception of the Frame Start Trigger initial factory setting Note TimerTriggerSource operation is as follows Line0Active is a...

Page 54: ...ndicator luminance Registers Register Visibility Access Description LEDIndicatorLuminance Expert R W Sets LED indicator luminance Setting Set LED indicator luminance Set the following value to LEDIndicatorLuminance register Setting value is Float type LEDIndicatorLuminance Value Minimum 0 00 Maximum 100 00 initial factory setting Note ...

Page 55: ...HIBA TELI CORPORATION All rights reserved www toshiba teli co jp TestPattern BU series support test pattern data output Camera provides following Test patterns Black White GreyB GreyA GreyHorizontalRamp GreyVerticalRamp Fig Test pattern ...

Page 56: ...Select a test pattern output Set the following value to TestPattern register Setting value is Enumeration type The camera generates a test pattern TestPattern function Off Test pattern disable Normal data output Black All pixel 0 LSB White All pixel 255 Mono8 GreyB All pixel 170 Mono8 GreyA All pixel 85 Mono8 GreyHorizontalRamp Horizontal Ramp GreyVerticalRamp Vertical Ramp initial factory setting...

Page 57: ...boring pixel s This increases the sensitivity of the image It s alike scalable mode the frame rate can be faster and USB bandwidth occupation decrease Camera reads all effective areas at high speed by skipping lines Fig Decimation operation Registers Register Visibility Access Description DecimationVertical Beginner R W Set the number of vertical Decimation line s ...

Page 58: ... DecimationVertical registers Setting value is Integer type DecimationVertical is the number of line s to skip Model BU406M Minimum 1 Value 1 2 4 8 Maximum 8 initial factory setting Note Decimation function is disabled when the camera is running in Scalable mode Scalable function is disabled when the camera is running in Decimation mode Changing DecimationVertical register value is invalid during ...

Page 59: ... direction Registers Register Visibility Access Description ReverseX Expert R W Flip image in horizontal direction ReverseY Expert R W Flip image in vertical direction Setting Set image reverse Set the following value to ReverseX ReverseY registers Setting value is Boolean type Value Image reverse FALSE Non reverse TRUE Reverse initial factory setting Note ...

Page 60: ...B3 Vision Event Packet FrameTrigger Reception of Frame Start Trigger FrameTriggerError Rejection of Frame Start Trigger FrameTriggerWait Start of waiting for Frame Start Trigger FrameTransferStart Start of transferring streaming data FrameTransferEnd End of transferring streaming data ExposureStart Start of Exposure ExposureEnd End of Exposure Events timing are as following chart ...

Page 61: ...EventFrameTriggerData EventFrameTriggerTimestamp Expert R Returns the timestamp at the time of Event EventFrameTriggerErrorData EventFrameTriggerErrorTimestamp Expert R Returns the timestamp at the time of Event EventFrameTriggerWaitData EventFrameTriggerWaitTimestamp Expert R Returns the timestamp at the time of Event EventFrameTransferStart EventFrameTransferStartTimestamp Expert R Returns the t...

Page 62: ...een MultiFrame function of AcquisitionMode and Bulk function of TriggerSequence MultiFrame function sets limits to the number of frames to transfer with AcquisitionFrameCount register Bulk function sets limits to the number of frames to exposure with TriggerAdditionalParameter register MultiFrame function in Normal Shutter mode TriggerMode Off Camera transfers AcquisitionFrameCount frame s ...

Page 63: ... TriggerSequence 6 Camera transfers TriggerAdditionalParameter frame s by a single trigger Trigger Exposure AcquisitionMode Continuous TriggerMode On TriggerSequence 6 TriggerAdditionalParameter 3 Acquisition Command Start Frame 1 Frame 2 Frame 3 Exposure time is determined by ExposureTime setting The trigger can be input in arbitrary timing VD AcquisitionFrameRate Stop Start Frame 1 Counter is re...

Page 64: ...posure AcquisitionMode MultiFrame AcquisitionFrameCount 2 TriggerMode On TriggerSequence 6 TriggerAdditionalParameter 3 Acquisition Command Start Frame 1 Frame 2 Frame 3 The trigger can be input in arbitrary timing VD AcquisitionFrameRate Stop Start Frame 1 Counter is reset USB Bus Frame 1 Frame 1 Exposure time is determined by ExposureTime setting TriggerAdditionalParameter AcquisitionFrameCount ...

Page 65: ...teration 4 Using the accessories not included with the product or our non designated optional articles 5 Damages caused during the transportation or deficiency of the handling such as drop or fall of the products after the products having been transferred to customers leaving the products to corrosive environment such as sunlight fire sand soil heat moisture or an inappropriate storing method 6 A ...

Page 66: ...urn the product 3 As the data saved in the camera will not be kept after the repair please take out data before return 4 We are unable to accept the cancellation after the repair request by the customer s reason 5 About the repair product shipping expenses please bear the charges when you return the product to us We bear the charges to you from us only for a warranty period 6 We are unable to acce...

Page 67: ... product Check Tried Not Tried Please confirm that specifications of this product conform to usage environment refering to following URL URL http www toshiba teli co jp index htm Please check our website for the latest information 4 Failure situation Model name Serial No Your dealer Purchase date Failure condition 5 From when Unknown From the beginning After a while After environment was changed O...

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