To write your first program, launch the Arduino
environment on your computer. A window will open into
which you can enter your program code. A few lines have
already been entered for you:
void setup() {
// put your setup code here, to run once:
}
void loop() {
// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
}
int ledPin = 13;
void setup() {
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
}
void loop() {
digitalWrite(ledPin, HIGH);
delay(500);
digitalWrite(ledPin, LOW);
delay(500);
}
setup()
loop()
ARDUINO SWITCHED ON
That is the basic skeleton for every Arduino program:
1. Your KosmoDuino starts by processing all instructions
in the
setup()
function, i.e., all functions written in the
curly brackets following
setup()
.
2. Then, the
loop()
function is invoked. That means that
your microcontroller executes all instructions written in
the curly brackets following
loop()
. Once the final
instruction has been processed, your controller once
again invokes the
loop()
function. In other words, the
instructions in
loop()
are invoked over and over in an
endless loop. That is why it’s called a
loop function.
You can visualize this idea a little more clearly in a
flow
diagram. The program always proceeds in the direction of
the arrows: from switching on, to
setup()
, to
loop()
and
then back to
loop()
again and again.
You could upload this program right away to your
KosmoDuino if you wanted. But since there are no
instructions in either
setup()
or
loop()
, the program
wouldn’t do anything.
So why not give your KosmoDuino something to do? Try
changing the program code like this:
▲
Flow diagram
In the field of Arduino programming, the
term “sketch” is often used to refer to a
program. In this instruction manual, both
terms will be used.
This is where the explanation for the program code is
written. Portions taken from the code are always
highlighted in
orange
.
PROGRAM CODE EXPLAINED:
Here is where the program code is written
// Comments on the code are always in gray.
// This text is not a functional part of the
// code. It provides explanation and clarity.
Your first program: Blink!
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9
CodeGamer
PROJECT 1
CodeGamer manual inside english.indd 9
7/19/16 12:31 PM
