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Because a console provides an L and R output does not mean you have to mix in stereo. It is often
convenient to have a separate fader control, processor inserts, and outputs to drive two mono speaker
stacks in an FOH system. How much stereo you introduce into your mix depends on where you
position the pan controls. In most situations the size of the room and the position of the speakers
makes stereo mixing an advantage only for a small section of the audience, usually those around the
sound operator. Those listening near the speakers are likely to lose information from the opposite
stack. For this reason it is the best to mix most sources in mono (pan centered). However, it can
enhance the image by mixing some ‘ambient’ sounds in stereo, e.g. reverb returns, keyboards and
special effects. Where the speakers are widely placed you can reduce the stereo image by reducing
the amount of panning each side. Whatever image you can create it is important that you listen to the
results and consider the listeners at all positions in the room.
11.9. Zero the console
Before starting the sound check it is good practice to ’zero‘the console by setting all its controls to a
sensible starting condition. Set all the GAIN, EQ, and PAN controls mid. FADER, AUX and MATRIX
controls off. TALKBACK and OSC/NOISE levels off, and all switches up. Make sure that the
OSC/NOISE generator is turned off.
11.10. Turning the system on and off
•
Turn the amplifiers on last and off first.
•
Mute channels before plugging cables, unplugging instruments and switching phantom power.
•
Let equipment which has been stored in damp or cold place acclimatize in the venue first
before powering it up.
•
Powers up the system with plenty of time before you start the sound check or show.
11.11. Sound levels
The ear is a delicate instrument. Do not subject yourself or any listener to long periods of loud sound,
particularly with extreme equalization. This may result in frequency selective or full range hearing loss.
Adhere to the sound level regulations which may apply to the venue…and common sense.
11.12. Dual functionality
The mixing console takes dual functionality a thoughtful stage further with advent of a new engineering
practice such as multi-media and IEM (in-ear monitor) mixing, and computer based live multi-track
recording. The key principles of dual functionality are
FOH/Monitor
The same console can be quickly configured by the operator for proper FOH
or stage monitor mixing, or as combination of both for mixing monitors from
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