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Silicon Laboratories Si2404, Manual

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AN93

Rev. 1.4

61

5.  Modem Reference Guide

This section provides information about the architecture of the modem, its functional blocks, its registers, and their
interactions. The AT command set is presented, and options are explained. The accessible memory locations (S
registers and U registers) are described. Instructions for writing to and reading from them are discussed along with
any limitations or special considerations. A large number of configuration and programming examples are offered
as illustrations of actual testable applications. These examples can be used alone or in combination to create the
desired modem operation. The use of S registers and U registers to control the operation, features, and
configuration of the modem is documented.

The Si24xx ISOmodem chipset family is controller-based. No modem driver is required to run on the system
processor. This makes the Si24xx ISOmodem family ideal for embedded systems because a wide variety of
processors and operating systems can interface with the ISOmodem through a simple UART driver.

The modems in this family operate at maximum connect rates of 48 kbps upstream/V.92 (Si2494/93), 56 kbps
downstream/V.90 (Si2457), 33.6 kbps/V.34 (Si2439/34), 14.4 kbps/V.32b (Si2415), and 2400 bps/ V.22b (Si2404)
with support for all standard ITU-T fallback modes. These chipsets can be programmed to comply with FCC, JATE,
ETSI ES 203 021 and other country-specific PTT requirements. They also support V.42 and MNP2–4 error
correction and V.42b and MNP5 compression. “Fast connect” and “transparent HDLC” modes are also supported.

The basic ISOmodem functional blocks are shown in Figure 1 on page 1. The ISOmodem includes a controller,
data pump (DSP), ROM, RAM, an oscillator, phase-locked loop (PLL), timer, UART interface, a parallel interface
option, an SPI interface option, and a DAA interface. An optional voice mode is supported through an SSI interface
and an external Si3000 voice codec. The modem software is permanently stored in the on-chip ROM. Only modem
setup information (other than defaults) and other software updates need to be stored on the host or optional
external EEPROM and downloaded to the on-chip RAM during initialization. There is no nonvolatile on-chip
memory other than program ROM.

The following memory notation conventions are followed in this document:

Single-variable U registers are identified in this document as the register type (i.e., U) followed by the register’s 
hexadecimal address and finally the register identifier in parenthesis, e.g. U4A (RGFD). Once the full register 
reference is made, continuing discussion refers to the register name to simplify the text. The address and value 
of a single variable U register are always read from or written to the ISOmodem in hexadecimal.

Bit-mapped U registers are identified in this document at the top level as the register type (i.e., U) followed by 
the register’s hexadecimal address and finally the register identifier in parenthesis, e.g. U67 (ITC1). Once the 
full register reference is made, continuing discussion of the register at the top level refers to the register name 
to simplify the text. The address and value of a bit-mapped U register is always read from or written to the 
ISOmodem in hexadecimal.

Bits within bit-mapped registers are identified in this document as the register type (i.e., U) followed by the 
register’s hexadecimal address, the bit or bit range within the register in brackets, and finally the bit or bit range 
identifier in parenthesis. Example: U67 [6] (OHS) or U67 [3:2] (] (DCT). Once the full register reference is made, 
continuing discussion of the bits or bit range refers to the bit or bit range name to simplify the text. The bit or bit 
range inside the bracket represents the actual bit or bit range within the register. The value of a bit or bit range 
is presented in binary for clarity. However, the address and value of a bit-mapped U register is always read from 
or written to the ISOmodem in hexadecimal.

ISOmodem S registers are identified with a decimal address (e.g., S38), and the number stored in an S register 
is also a decimal value.

5.1.  Controller

The controller provides several vital functions, including AT command parsing, DAA control, connect sequence
control, DCE (data communication equipment) protocol control, intrusion detection, parallel phone off-hook
detection, escape control, Caller ID control and formatting, ring detection, DTMF (dual tone multi-frequency)
control, call progress monitoring, error correction, and data compression. The controller also writes to the control
registers that configure the modem. Virtually all interaction between the host and the modem is done via the
controller. The controller uses AT (ATtention) commands, S registers, and U registers to configure and control the
modem.

Summary of Contents for Si2404

Page 1: ...ltage loop current monitoring overcurrent detection ring detection and the hook switch function All required program and data memory is included in the modem device When the modem receives a software or hardware reset all register settings revert to the default values stored in the on chip program memory The host processor interacts with the modem controller through AT commands used to change regi...

Page 2: ...AN93 2 Rev 1 4 ...

Page 3: ...allel Operation 16 2 2 System Interface 17 2 2 1 Interface Selection 17 2 2 2 Interface Signal Description 19 2 2 3 UART Interface Operation 19 2 2 3 1 UART Options 19 2 2 3 2 Autobaud 20 2 2 3 3 Flow Control 21 2 2 4 Parallel and SPI Interface Operation 23 2 2 4 1 Hardware Interface Register 0 25 2 2 4 2 Hardware Interface Register 1 25 2 2 4 3 Parallel Interface Operation 26 2 2 4 4 SPI Interfac...

Page 4: ... 4 2 Schematic 50 4 3 Bill of Materials 51 4 4 Layout Guidelines 52 4 4 1 ISOmodem Layout Check List 54 4 4 2 Module Design and Application Considerations 57 4 4 2 1 Module Design 57 4 4 2 2 Motherboard Design 57 4 5 Analog Output 58 4 5 1 Interaction between the AOUT Circuit and the Required Modem Reset Time 58 4 5 2 Audio Quality 59 4 5 3 Power Dissipation in the Si3018 DAA 59 5 Modem Reference ...

Page 5: ... 8 3 Method 3 133 5 9 Escape Methods 134 5 9 1 Escape 134 5 9 2 9th Bit Escape 135 5 9 3 Escape Pin Escape 135 5 10 Data Compression 136 5 11 Error Correction 136 5 12 Wire Mode 136 5 13 EPOS Electronic Point of Sale Applications 137 5 13 1 EPOS Fast Connect 137 5 13 2 EPOS V 29 Fast Connect 137 5 14 Legacy Synchronous DCE Mode V 80 Synchronous Access Mode 137 5 15 V 80 Mode 138 6 Programming Exam...

Page 6: ...Connect 183 6 13 Abort the Dialing Operation in Voice Mode 184 7 Handset TAM and Speakerphone Operation 185 7 1 Software Reference 185 7 1 1 AT Command Set 185 7 1 2 AT Extended Commands 185 7 1 3 DLE Commands DTE to DCE 190 7 1 4 DLE Events DCE to DTE 191 7 1 4 1 Simple Event Reporting 191 7 1 4 2 Complex Event Reporting 193 7 1 5 U Registers 193 7 2 Voice Reference Overview 199 7 2 1 Abort the D...

Page 7: ... Calibration 225 7 7 2 1 Transmit Gain Calibration Speakerphone Disabled 225 7 7 2 2 Receive Gain Calibration Speakerphone Disabled 228 7 7 2 3 Speakerphone Calibration AEC Gain Calibration 229 7 7 3 Speakerphone Configuration 231 7 7 4 Simplex Speakerphone Configuration 232 7 7 5 Call Automatic Tone Dial 233 7 7 6 Call Manual Off Hook Tone Dial 233 7 7 7 Call Automatic Pulse Dial 234 7 7 8 Answer...

Page 8: ... 6 Si3018 10 Troubleshooting 257 10 1 7 Component Troubleshooting 257 10 2 Self Test 262 10 3 Board Test 263 10 4 Compliance Testing 265 10 4 1 EMI 266 10 4 2 Safety 267 10 4 3 Surges 267 10 5 AM Band Interference 268 10 6 Debugging the DTE interface 269 Appendix A EPOS Applications 270 VISA II 7E1 270 Recommendation V 80 271 The ISOmodem in EPOS Applications 273 A V 29 FastPOS Sample Program 274 ...

Page 9: ...odulation Data Rates bps Modulation Si2494 93 Si2457 Si2439 34 Si2415 Si2404 V 92 48k 40k 32k 24k PCM V 90 56k 54 6k 53 3k 52k 50 6k 49 3k 48k 46 6k 45 3k 44k 42 6k 41 3k 40k 38 6k 37 3k 36k 34 6k 33 3k 32k 30 6k 29 3k 28k PCM V 34 33 6k 31 2k 28 8k 26 4k 24k 21 6k 19 2k 16 8k 14 4k 12k 9600 7200 4800 2400 TCM V 32bis 14 4k 12k 9600 7200 4800 TCM V 32 9600 9600 4800 TCM QAM V 29FC 9600 QAM V 23 12...

Page 10: ...m 48 dBm V 21 Originate answer M S 1180 980 1850 1650 1850 1650 1180 980 2100 43 dBm 48 dBm 43 dBm 48 dBm Bell 212A Originate answer 1200 2400 2400 1200 2225 43 dBm 48 dBm 43 dBm 48 dBm Bell 103 Originate answer M S 1270 1070 2225 2025 2225 2025 1270 1070 2225 43 dBm 48 dBm 43 dBm 48 dBm Table 4 ISOmodem Capabilities Part Numbers Package UART EEPROM SPI Parallel Voice Speakerphone TAM Si2493 57 34...

Page 11: ...nding the first AT command The reset recovery time of 300 ms is also applicable if the reset is a SW triggered event such as an ATZ command If a 4 9152 MHz crystal or an external 27 MHz clock is used the reset must be asserted for 5 ms and a wait of 300 ms duration must happen before an AT command is issued If a 32 kHz crystal is used the reset pulse must be 500 ms long and followed by the same 30...

Page 12: ...ter reset the ISOmodem assumes the functionality selected by the corresponding combination of pulldown resistors Below is a summary of reset strap options Not all options are available on all part number or packages Refer to Table 4 ISOmodem Capabilities on page 10 for details Host interface UART parallel or SPI Input clock frequency 32 kHz 4 9152 MHz or 27 MHz Autobaud mode or fixed rate UART com...

Page 13: ...ackage 2 1 4 Reset Strap Options for 24 Pin TSSOP Package The pin strapping options for the 24 pin TSSOP package are described in the three subsections below depending on the interface mode selected Table 5 SOIC 16 Reset Strap Options Mode Reset Strap Pins Interface Input Clock Pin 3 RI Pin 5 RXD MISO Pin 7 CTS SCLK Pin 11 INT Pin 15 DCD UART 32 kHz 0 X 1 1 X 4 9152 MHz 1 X 1 1 1 27 MHz 1 X 1 1 0 ...

Page 14: ...terface is selected Table 6 TSSOP 24 UART Interface Options Mode Reset Strap Pins Input Clock Autobaud Disabled Three Wire EEPROM Interface Pin 4 FSYNC Pin 11 CTS Pin 15 AOUT Pin 16 INT Pin 17 RI Pin 18 SDI EESD Pin 23 DCD 32 kHz No No 1 1 0 1 X Yes 0 1 0 1 X Yes No 1 1 0 0 X Yes 0 1 0 0 X 4 9152 MHz No No 1 1 1 1 1 Yes 0 1 1 1 1 Yes No 1 1 1 0 1 Yes 0 1 1 0 1 27 MHz No No 1 1 1 1 0 Yes 0 1 1 1 0 ...

Page 15: ... Pin 11 SCLK Pin 15 AOUT Pin 18 SDI EESD Pin 16 INT Pin 17 RI Pin 23 DCD 32 kHz No 1 1 0 1 1 Yes 0 1 0 1 1 4 9152 MHz No 1 1 0 0 X Yes 0 1 0 0 X 27 MHz No 1 1 0 1 0 Yes 0 1 0 1 0 Table 9 Reset Strapping Options for QFN Parts with UART Operation Input Clk Auto Baud Disable Three Wire EEPROM Interface FSYNCH CTS AOUT EECLK INT RI SDI DCD Pin 2 Pin 21 Pin 15 Pin 13 Pin 35 Pin 19 Pin 8 Pin 28 32 kHz N...

Page 16: ...t Strapping Options for QFN parts with SPI Operation Input Clk Three Wire EEPROM Interface FSYNCH AOUT EECLK INT RI SDI DCD MISO Pin 2 Pin 15 Pin 13 Pin 35 Pin 19 Pin 8 Pin 28 Pin 22 32 kHz No 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 Yes 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 4 9152 MHz No 1 1 1 0 0 1 X 1 Yes 0 1 1 0 0 1 X 1 27 MHz No 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 Yes 0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 Table 11 Reset Strapping Options for QFN Parts with Parallel Operation Inpu...

Page 17: ...ting the Device Tables 12 13 and 14 show the functions of the affected pins for possible interface modes for 16 24 and 38 pin packages respectively Table 12 Pin Functions vs Interface Mode SOIC 16 Pin UART Mode SPI Mode 3 RI RI 5 RXD MISO 6 TXD MOSI 7 CTS SCLK 11 INT INT 14 ESC ESC 15 DCD DCD 16 RTS SS Table 13 Pin Functions vs Interface Mode TSSOP 24 Pin UART Mode SPI Mode Parallel Mode 2 FSYNC S...

Page 18: ...N 38 Pin UART Mode SPI Mode Parallel Mode 35 INT INT INT 34 GPIO18 GPIO18 D0 33 GPIO17 GPIO17 D1 32 GPIO16 GPIO16 D2 31 GPIO23 GPIO23 D3 30 GPIO24 GPIO24 D4 29 ESC D5 28 DCD D6 24 RTS SS D7 23 TXD MOSI WR 22 RXD MISO RD 21 CTS SCLK CS 20 GPIO11 GPIO11 A0 19 RI ...

Page 19: ...esult code at the old DTE rate After the result code is sent all subsequent communication is at the new DTE rate The DTE baud clock is within the modem crystal tolerance typically 50 ppm except for DTE rates that are uneven multiples of the modem clock All DTE rates are within the 1 2 5 required by the V 14 specification Table 18 shows the ideal DTE rate the actual DTE rate and the approximate err...

Page 20: ...esult codes at the same baud rate as the most recently received character from the host Autobaud can be turned off using AT commands T0 through T15 and T17 Host software should disable autobaud operation once the DTE rate has been established This prevents transients on TXD to cause inadvertent baud rate changes Autobaud is off when dialing answering and in data mode When autobaud mode is off the ...

Page 21: ...to compensate for FIFO overflow Data received on TXD when the FIFO is full are lost XON XOFF is a software flow control method in which the modem and terminal control the data flow by sending XON characters Q 0x11 and XOFF characters S 0x13 XON XOFF flow control is not supported by the ISOmodem DCD does not de assert during a retrain see Table 56 S9 Carrier presence timer and S10 Carrier loss time...

Page 22: ...Indicator active high inverse of RI pin PPD 2 Parallel Phone Detect OCD 3 Overcurrent Detect CID 4 Caller ID Preamble Detect 796 Characters 128 Characters 1024 Character Elastic Tx Buffer SRAM CTS Deasserts CTS Asserts Transmit 14 Character Hardware Buffer Tx Data CTS 796 Characters 128 Characters 1024 Character Elastic Rx Buffer SRAM Receive 12 Character Hardware Buffer Rx data RTS RXF bit REM bi...

Page 23: ...ce Registers 0 HIR0 and Hardware Interface Register 1 HIR1 The Hardware Interface Registers were formerly called Parallel Interface Registers PIR0 and PIR1 in older products because those products would support only a parallel interface Flow control must be implemented by monitoring REM and TXE in HIR1 There is no protection against FIFO overflow Data transmitted when the transmit FIFO is full are...

Page 24: ...arallel I F Register 1 MUX Parallel I F Register 0 A0 3 D0 16 D1 17 D2 18 D3 22 D4 23 D5 24 D6 4 D7 8 RD 9 WR 10 CS 11 INT 15 MUX Parallel Interface Unique Shared Serial Parallel Parallel mode pin function Parallel mode pin number TX FIFO 14 Characters RX FIFO 12 Characters ...

Page 25: ...ntains less than 9 bytes If RXF 1 the receive FIFO contains 9 bytes or more and is full or almost full Writing RXF 0 clears the interrupt Table 21 Hardware Interface Register Bit Map A0 RD WR Action Register D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 0 0 1 Read HIR0 Modem data or command from receive FIFO 0 1 0 Write Modem data or command to transmit FIFO 1 0 1 Read HIR1 RXF TXE REM INTM INT ESC RTS CTS 1 1 0 Write ...

Page 26: ... pin in the serial mode The operation of this bit like the ESC pin is enabled by setting U70 15 HES 1 The use of bits 1 and 0 RTS and CTS has been deprecated for both parallel and SPI interfaces Instead the use of bits 6 and 5 TXE and REM is recommended for polling and interrupt based communication 2 2 4 3 Parallel Interface Operation When the device is powered up for parallel interface the pins i...

Page 27: ...AN93 Rev 1 4 27 Figure 7 Parallel Interface Read Timing Figure 8 Parallel Interface Write Timing ...

Page 28: ...plemented in the SPI and parallel interfaces differently from UART mode When parallel or SPI mode is selected data communication may be driven by interrupts or by polling Refer to Appendix C Parallel SPI Interface Software Implementation on page 302 for implementation details for both methods The parallel and SPI interfaces have four sources of interrupts and only one interrupt pin The four interr...

Page 29: ...equires a hardware reset via the RESET pin to become active again 2 4 2 Wake on Ring Mode The ISOmodem can be set to enter a low power wake on ring mode when not connected Wake on ring mode is entered using the command AT Z The ISOmodem returns to the active mode when one of the following happens There is a 1 to 0 transition on TXD in the UART mode There is a 1 to 0 transition on CS in the paralle...

Page 30: ...and then driven high effectively putting it in high impedance mode The pin status can be read even if it is in output mode To configure a pin as an input set the corresponding bit in the Port Mode register for an open drain output and the corresponding bit in the Port Latch register for a logic 1 The same settings are used for an output in the high impedance state The registers are read and writte...

Page 31: ... 15 14 Reserved Read returns 0 13 8 PSEL17 5 0 Port Mapping Select 000000 Corresponding pin is a GPIO 7 6 Reserved Read returns 0 5 0 PSEL16 5 0 Port Mapping Select 000000 Corresponding pin is a GPIO Table 28 PSEL19_18 Bit Map 0x0089 Bit Name Function 15 14 Reserved Read returns 0 13 8 PSEL19 5 0 Port Mapping Select 000000 Corresponding pin is a GPIO 7 6 Reserved Read returns 0 5 0 PSEL18 5 0 Port...

Page 32: ...output is open drain 1 Corresponding P n output is push pull Table 32 Port Latch 0 Bit Map 0x005E Bit Name Function 15 0 P0 15 0 Port Latch Write output state or read logic state of pin Write 0 Logic low output 1 Logic high output Read 0 Corresponding pin is a logic low 1 Corresponding pin is a logic high Table 33 Port Latch 1 Bit Map 0x005F Bit Name Function 15 10 Reserved Read returns 0 9 0 P1 9...

Page 33: ...185 for additional information The Si3000 is used in conjunction with the ISOmodem to transmit and receive 16 bit voice samples to and from telephone lines as shown in Figure 10 Figure 10 Voice Mode Block Diagram Table 34 SSI Interface Pin Connection Signal Pin Number TSSOP 24 Pin Number QFN 38 CLKOUT 3 3 FSYNC 4 2 SDI 18 8 SDO 24 9 RESET 12 16 Si24xx Modem Si3000 Voice Codec Si30xx DAA Handset HO...

Page 34: ...to and from the EEPROM with the LSB first Required EEPROM command format and signal timing are shown in Tables 35 to 37 A typical EEPROM access timing diagram is shown on Figure 11 Such EEPROMs are available from several different manufacturers for example Microchip 25LC080 25LC640 Atmel AT25080 AT25640 WEL write enable latch WIP write in progress Table 35 EEPROM Commands Instruction Name Instruct...

Page 35: ...s minimum EOH and 100 ns EESD before EECLK falling edge EOZ 100 ns EECS disable time between accesses ECSW 500 ns EECS asserted after final EECLK edge ECSH 1 µs Note EESD output at negative EECLK edge Table 37 EEPROM Timing Parameter Symbol Min Typ Max Unit ECLK LSB MSB EISU EOSU EIH EDH ECSH ECSW EOZ ECSS EEPROM Data Format EESD EECS 8 bit instruction 16 bit address 8 bit data EOH ...

Page 36: ... and stops reading it If a programmed EEPROM is detected customer defaults that are programmed into the EEPROM between the optional heading BOOT and the CR CR delimiter are executed immediately and AT command macros are loaded into the ISOmodem RAM The memory that may be allocated to the commands portion of the EEPROM is limited to 1000 bytes Three CR must be the last three entries in the EEPROM E...

Page 37: ...ommand on a line 2 7 6 Firmware Upgrades Firmware upgrades patches are typically executed upon boot up and stored between the heading BOOT and the first CR CR delimiter A firmware upgrade has the format BOOT firmware upgrade CR The firmware upgrade ends with a CR which in combination with the final CR provides the CR CR delimiter which marks the end of the EEPROM contents A firmware upgrade can al...

Page 38: ...lled in the EEPROM the command ATN CR configures the modem for operation in Norway 2 7 6 3 Autoloading Firmware Upgrade Example This example stores a firmware upgrade in EEPROM that is automatically loaded into the modem after power up or hardware software reset if the EEPROM option is selected The AT commands required to load the firmware upgrade manually are AT Y254 W0050 0000 CR AT PF800 08D5 T...

Page 39: ...Start of EEPROM contents CR Custom AT Command Name 1 CR commands CR commands CR End of BOOT string Start of Custom AT Command 1 CR Custom AT Command Name 2 CR commands CR commands CR End of Custom AT Command 1 Start of Custom AT Command 2 CR Custom AT Command Name 3 CR commands CR commands CR End of Custom AT Command 2 Start of Custom AT Command 3 CR End of Custom AT Command 3 CR End of EEPROM Con...

Page 40: ... 4B K 107 6B k 12 0C FF 44 2C 76 4C L 108 6C l 13 0D CR 45 2D 77 4D M 109 6D m 14 0E SO 46 2E 78 4E N 110 6E n 15 0F SI 47 2F 79 4F O 111 6F o 16 10 DLE 48 30 0 80 50 P 112 70 p 17 11 DC1 49 31 1 81 51 Q 113 71 q 18 12 DC2 50 32 2 82 52 R 114 72 r 19 13 DC3 51 33 3 83 53 S 115 73 s 20 14 DC4 52 34 4 84 54 T 116 74 t 21 15 NAK 53 35 5 85 55 U 117 75 u 22 16 SYN 54 36 6 86 56 V 118 76 v 23 17 ETB 55...

Page 41: ...s requiring current limiting per the legacy TBR21 standard the ILIM bit may be set to select this mode In this mode the dc I V curve is changed to a 2000 slope above 40 mA as shown in Figure 14 This allows the DAA to operate with a 50 V 230 feed which results in the highest current possible in the old TBR21 standard Figure 14 TBR21 Legacy Mode I V Characteristics DCV 1 0 11 MINI 1 0 00 The MINI 1 ...

Page 42: ...irements in countries such as Italy the Netherlands South Africa and Australia deal with the on hook transition during pulse dialing These tests provide an inductive dc feed resulting in a large voltage spike This spike is caused by the line inductance and sudden decrease in current through the loop when going on hook The traditional solution to the problem is to put a parallel resistive capacitor...

Page 43: ...rom 0 to 1 is offset so that a 0 indicates a line voltage of less than 3 V The accuracy of the LVS bits is 10 The user can read these bits directly through the LVS register A typical transfer function is shown in Figure 15 When the ISOmodem is off hook the LCS bits measure loop current in 1 1 mA bit resolution These bits enable the user to detect another phone going off hook by monitoring the dc l...

Page 44: ...ction LVCS 4 0 Condition 00000 Insufficient line current for normal operation 11111 Loop current overload Overload is defined as 128 mA or more except in TBR21 where overload is defined as 56 mA or more 0 32 64 96 128 160 192 224 256 0 16 32 48 64 80 96 112 128 144 Loop Current m A LCS Bits ILIM 1 ILIM 0 ...

Page 45: ...es minimum line voltage levels even in the presence of billing tones The OVL bit should be polled following billing tone detection When the OVL bit returns to 0 indicating that the billing tone has passed the BTE bit should be written to 0 to return the dc termination to its original state It takes approximately 1 second to return to normal dc operating conditions The BTD and ROV bits are sticky a...

Page 46: ...ire external bypassing and or clamping VDA pin 7 is bypassed by C51 VDB pin 19 is bypassed by C53 R12 and R13 are optional resistors that can in some cases reduce radiated emissions due to signals associated with the isolation capacitors These components must be located as close to the ISOmodem chip as possible to minimize lead lengths The Si3018 10 is powered by a small current passed across the ...

Page 47: ...is programmable from 2 64 MHz to 40 96 MHz If using the Si2434 or Si2457 this signal is programmable from 3 17 MHz to 49 152 MHz There are two special cases for the value of R1 R1 00000 CLKOUT is disabled and R1 11111 default CLKOUT 2 048 MHz On older parts the CLKOUT pulse starts immediately after RESET goes high but on the most recent versions those including SPI and 32 kHz operation there is a ...

Page 48: ...ptional Billing Tone Filters Component Values Symbol Value C1 C2 0 027 µF 50 V 10 C3 0 01 µF 250 V 10 L3 3 3 mH 120 mA 10 10 Coilcraft RFB0810 332 or equivalent L4 10 mH 40 mA 10 10 Coilcraft RFB0810 103 or equivalent L4 C3 RING TIP FROM LINE To DAA C1 C2 L3 ...

Page 49: ... 2 RX 3 IB 4 C1B 5 C2B 6 VREG 7 RNG1 8 DCT2 16 IGND 15 DCT3 14 QB 13 QE2 12 SC 11 VREG2 10 RNG2 9 D1 R12 Q2 R10 Y1 1 2 C10 Q5 Q1 R13 R11 Q4 C8 R15 Z1 C50 Q3 R2 C1 C4 C51 R5 U3 CLKIN XTALI 1 XTALO 2 CLKOUT A0 EECS 3 alt_RI D6 TXCLK 4 VD3 3 5 GND 6 VDA 7 RTS D7 8 VDB 19 GND 20 VD 3 3 21 C2A 13 C1A 14 ESC D3 22 DCD D4 23 EECLK D5 RXCLK 24 CTS CS ALE 11 RXD RD 9 TXD WR 10 RESET 12 RI D1 17 EESD D2 18 ...

Page 50: ...G1 8 DCT2 16 IGND 15 DCT3 14 QB 13 QE2 12 SC 11 VREG2 10 RNG2 9 D1 R12 Q2 R10 Y1 1 2 C10 Q5 Q1 R13 R11 Q4 C8 R15 Z1 C50 Q3 R2 C1 C4 C51 R5 U3 CLKIN XTALI 1 XTALO 2 CLKOUT A0 EECS 3 alt_RI D6 TXCLK 4 VD3 3 5 GND 6 VDA 7 RTS D7 8 VDB 19 GND 20 VD 3 3 21 C2A 13 C1A 14 ESC D3 22 DCD D4 23 EECLK D5 RXCLK 24 CTS CS ALE 11 RXD RD 9 TXD WR 10 RESET 12 RI D1 17 EESD D2 18 AOUT INT 15 INT D0 16 C6 FB2 R16 C...

Page 51: ... Panasonic R4 2 49 k 1 2 W 1 Venkel SMEC Panasonic R5 R6 100 k 1 16 W 5 Venkel SMEC Panasonic R7 R8 20 M 1 16 W 5 Venkel SMEC Panasonic R9 1 M 1 16 W 1 Venkel SMEC Panasonic R10 536 1 4 W 1 Venkel SMEC Panasonic R11 73 2 1 2 W 1 Venkel SMEC Panasonic R12 R13 56 1 16 W 1 Venkel SMEC Panasonic R15 R163 0 1 16 W Venkel SMEC Panasonic U1 Si24xx ISOmodem Silicon Labs U2 Si3018 Silicon Labs Y14 32 768 k...

Page 52: ...cted to U2 pin 5 C1B and U2 pin 6 C2B are physically separated from traces connected to i C8 R15 FB1 ii C9 R16 FB2 iii U2 pin 8 R7 iv U2 pin 9 R9 4 Place and group the following components around U2 C4 R9 C7 R2 C5 C6 R7 R8 These components should form the critical inner circle of components around U2 a Place C4 close to U2 pin 3 This is best achieved by placing C4 northwest of U2 b Place R9 close ...

Page 53: ...ess use 0 05 square inches of copper at the collectors of Q1 Q3 Q4 Q5 Both sides of the PCB can be used to double the available area 9 U2 IGND is the return path for many of the discrete components and requires special mention a Traces associated with IGND should be 20 mils wide b U2 s IGND should not be a large ground plane and should only occupy the space under U2 Beyond this area use traces and...

Page 54: ... system side pins and the DAA pins and should be minimized in length Place C2 such that its accompanying trace to the C2B pin pin 6 on the Si3018 is not close to the trace from R7 to the RNG1 pin on the Si3018 pin 8 If the system demands that the traces between U1 and U2 be between two and six inches in length then special trace layout techniques must be used as shown in Figure 22 RING TIP 4A 4B 4...

Page 55: ...e diode bridge and back to Si3018 pin 15 should be minimized 11 FB1 FB2 and RV1 should be placed as close as possible to the RJ11 12 C8 and C9 should be placed so that there is a minimal distance between the nodes where they connect to digital ground 13 Use at least a 20 mil wide trace from RJ11 to FB1 FB2 RV1 C8 and C9 14 The routing from Tip and Ring of the RJ11 to the ferrite beads should be we...

Page 56: ...e to any SELV component pad or trace 25 Minimize the area of the loop formed from U2 pin 4 to R9 to U2 pin 15 26 Cathode marking for Z1 27 Pin 1 marking for U1 and U2 28 Space and mounting holes to accommodate for fire enclosure if necessary 29 IGND does not extend under C3 D1 FB1 FB2 R15 R16 C8 C9 or RV1 30 Size Q1 Q3 Q4 and Q5 collector pads to safely dissipate 0 5 W see text 31 Submit layout to...

Page 57: ... shown in Figure 23 on the reset line This filter also provides a proper power on reset to the modem Careful module design is critical since the module designer often has little control over the motherboard design and the environment in which the module will be used 4 4 2 2 Motherboard Design Motherboard design is critical to proper modem module performance and immunity to EMI and ESD events First...

Page 58: ... Circuit and the Required Modem Reset Time When modifying the circuit shown in Figure 24 it is important to examine the reset timing and know that when external reset is applied to the modem the AOUT pin still has time to rise to VCC due to the pullup installed on it One has to assume that the modem has been operating prior to reset and has put AOUT into a PWM state that is 100 low This is importa...

Page 59: ...zation must be done to select the optimum gain and frequency response of this circuit depending on speaker efficiency final product enclosure and performance requirements A two or even one pole filter may be adequate in some applications Keep this audio circuitry well away from digital signals and use generous ground fill in the PCB layout Figure 25 Audio Filter Response 4 5 3 Power Dissipation in...

Page 60: ...93 60 Rev 1 4 Q4 176 mW 172 mW Q5 166 mW 130 mW D1 D2 120m A x 0 8 V 96 mW each 56 mA x 0 75 V 42 mW each Other 257 mW Si3018 243 mW Q1 Q2 Si3018 Total 1 498 W 2 077 W Table 44 Power Dissipation Continued ...

Page 61: ... conventions are followed in this document Single variable U registers are identified in this document as the register type i e U followed by the register s hexadecimal address and finally the register identifier in parenthesis e g U4A RGFD Once the full register reference is made continuing discussion refers to the register name to simplify the text The address and value of a single variable U re...

Page 62: ...s case dialing The value of this type of command is changed at a particular time to perform a particular action For example the command ATDT1234 CR causes the modem to go off hook and dial the number 1234 via DTMF No change is made to the modem settings during the execution of an action command Configuration commands change modem characteristics until they are modified or reversed by a subsequent ...

Page 63: ...P MS and MR cannot be appended to They must be the last command in a string The command AT GCI 9 must be on a line of its own Consecutive U registers can be written in a single command as AT Uhh xxxx yyyy zzzz where hh is the first U register address in the three register consecutive series This command writes a value of xxxx to Uhh yyyy to Uhh 1 and zzzz to Uhh 2 Additional consecutive values may...

Page 64: ...ost can initiate a modem state change with the AT commands listed below The host should delay the recommended minimum after the OK response from any of these commands ATH0 AT FCLASS if changing classes AT T0 AT VLS Character Abort Characters must not be sent between the ATDT command and the protocol message During this time the modem is in a transition between command and data modes Any characters...

Page 65: ...h H0 Go on hook hang up modem H1 Go off hook In Identification and checksum I0 Display Si24xx revision code A Revision A B Revision B etc I1 Display Si24xx firmware revision code numeric I3 Display line side revision code 18 10 C Si3018 10 Revision C I6 Display the ISOmodem model number 2404 Si2404 2415 Si2415 2434 Si2434 2457 Si2457 2493 Si2493 Table 49 Basic AT Command Set Continued Command Acti...

Page 66: ...n while dialing and handshaking off in data mode M2 Speaker is always on M3 Speaker is off while dialing on during handshaking and retraining On Return to data mode from command mode O0 Return to data mode O1 Return to data mode and perform a full retrain at any speed except 300 bps O2 Return to data mode and perform rate renegotiation Qn Response mode Q0 Enable result codes See Table 54 Q1 Disabl...

Page 67: ...n X5 Extended results Full CPM enabled including ringback detection X4 with ring back detection Yn Long space disconnect Modem hangs up after 1 5 seconds or more of continuous space while on line Y0 Disable data memory access by disallowing W and Q Commands Y1 Enable continuous DTMF tone ATxY1D9 sends continuous 9 tone Y2 Enable continuous answer tone To enable continuous answer tone and answer us...

Page 68: ... for any other purpose Use T6 to display checksum for patch verifica tion Q Qaaaa reads hexadecimal address aaaa Returns hexadecimal data value dddd Only one command per line R U register read This command reads U register values in hexadeci mal The format is AT Rhh where hh A particular U register address in hexadecimal The AT R command displays all U register values Only one R command is allowed...

Page 69: ...inal 254 W or 254 Q command DR X Data compression reporting X Mode 0 Disabled 1 Enabled If enabled the intermediate result code is transmitted at the point after error control negotiation The format of this result code is as follows Result code Mode DR NONE Data compression is not in use DR V42B Rec V 42bis is in use in both directions DR V42B RD Rec V 42bis is in use in receive direction only DR ...

Page 70: ...65536 F Max_string_tx 32 to 255 G Max_string_rx 32 to 255 H Max_history_tx 512 I Max_history_rx 512 Note Si2493 only ES A B C Enable synchronous access mode A specifies the mode of operation when initiating a modem con nection D Disable synchronous access mode 6 Enable synchronous access mode when connection is com pleted and data state is entered B This parameter should not be used C Specifies th...

Page 71: ...of underrun or overrun D Specifies V 34 half duplex operation This parameter should not be used E Specifies CRC polynomial used while in framed sub mode 0 CRC generation checking disable 1 16 bit CRC generation and checking is performed by the modem F Specifies NRZI encoding and decoding 0 NRZI encoding and decoding disabled G Defines 8 bit SYN 255 Fixed at 255 marks FCLASS X Class 1 Mode Enable X...

Page 72: ...to restore the ISOmodem to normal operation after test 54 Same as T4 but transmit V 29 9600 bps Data pattern set by S40 register AT FCLASS 0 must be sent to restore the ISOmodem to normal operation after test 95 V 29 short synchronous 96 V 29 full synchronous 201 Returns to data mode prepared to transmit an SMS protocol 1 message 202 Returns to data mode prepared to transmit an SMS protocol 2 mess...

Page 73: ...ealand 82 Norway 87 Paraguay 89 Philippines 8A Poland 8B Portugal B8 Russia 9C Singapore 9F South Africa A0 Spain A5 Sweden A6 Switzerland FE Taiwan B4 United Kingdom B5 United States default Note U registers are configured to Silicon Laboratories recommended values Changes may be made by writing individual registers after sending the AT GCI command The GCI command resets U registers through U86 a...

Page 74: ...RTS B Specifies the flow control method used by the modem to control data from the host 0 None 2 Hardware flow control CTS IPR rate Fixed DTE Rate rate Description 0 Automatically detect the baud rate BPS The decimal value of the rate in bits per second Note that the rate parameter represents the DTE rate in bps and may be set to any of the following values 300 600 1200 2400 4800 7200 9600 12000 1...

Page 75: ...e Data Buffers on page 22 for the sizing and operation of TX and RX elastic buffers Notes 1 The low parameter must be set greater than the data frame size plus 2 to accommodate the terminating DLE ETX characters Therefore the default low setting of 128 is appropriate for a frame size of 64 octets but not for a frame size of 256 octets For this case the low setting must be greater than 258 2 The op...

Page 76: ...2B 2400 V34 33600 E Min Rx rate Specifies minimum receive rate 0 Not configurable always set to 0 F Max Rx rate Specifies maximum receive rate If not specified set to 0 it is determined by the carrier and automode set tings V21 300 V32 9600 V90 54666 V22 1200 V32B 14400 V92 54666 V22B 2400 V34 33600 PCW X Controls the action to be taken upon detection of call waiting X Mode 0 Toggle RI and collect...

Page 77: ...t granted 14 MOH request denied Future request will also be denied PMHT X Controls access to MOH request and sets the timeout value X Mode 0 Deny V 92 MOH request 1 Grant MOH with 10 s timeout 2 Grant MOH with 20 s timeout 3 Grant MOH with 30 s timeout 4 Grant MOH with 40 s timeout 5 Grant MOH with 1 min timeout 6 Grant MOH with 2 min timeout 7 Grant MOH with 3 min timeout 8 Grant MOH with 4 min t...

Page 78: ...are reported in 100 ms units 1 m Enable distinctive ring The ISOmodem will report DROF and DRON result codes as well as well as a RING result code m 10 seconds after the falling edge of a ring pulse DROF and DRON are reported in 100 ms units VGR Receive Gain Selection The gain parameter has a range of 112 134 with 128 being the nomi nal value This represents a range of 48 dB to 18 dB The default i...

Page 79: ...rs enabled VNH hook Automatic Hangup Control hook Hook control description 0 The ISOmodem retains automatic hangups as is normal in the other modes such as hanging up the phone when the ISOmodem does not detect a data carrier with a given time interval 1 The ISOmodem shall disable automatic hangups in the other non voice modes 2 The ISOmodem shall disable all hang ups in other non voice modes The ...

Page 80: ...hielded events present in the data stream Any DLE DLE sequences can be preserved to allow less overhead during playback of the stream with the VTX command VSD sds sdi Silence Detection sds Noise level sensitivity 127 Less aggressive more sensitive lower noise levels considered to be silence 128 Nominal level of sensitivity 129 More aggressive less sensitive higher noise levels considered to be sil...

Page 81: ...le frequency tones Note that the bracket characters are required for correct operation freq1 Frequency one which has a range of 0 200 3200 Hz freq2 Frequency two which has a range of 0 200 3200 Hz dur Duration of the tone s in 10 ms units VTX Transmit Voice Samples Used for sending digitized voice samples from host memory through the UART interface The VSM command determines the format of the sam ...

Page 82: ...5 04 Si2494 39 Patch Chip Revision B C D D1 A A1 ATI0 B C D A None ATI1 00 00 000 000 ATI0 B C Revision B rb_pX_YYYY ATI1 X X ATI0 C Revision C rc_pX_YYYY ATI1 X ATI0 D A Revision D D1 rd_pX_YYYY ATI1 X X ATI0 D A Revision A A1 ra_pX_YYYY ATI1 X X Note Gray cell not allowed ...

Page 83: ...it 15 Gn Line connection rate limit This command sets an upper limit on the line speed that the ISOmodem can connect The Hn commands may limit the line speed as well Gn not used for H0 or H1 Not all modulations support rates given by G Improper settings are ignored G3 1200 bps max G4 2400 bps max G5 4 8 kbps max G6 7 2 kbps max G7 9 6 kbps max G8 12 kbps max G9 14 4 kbps max default for Si2415 G10...

Page 84: ...t Si3018 10 ISOmodem echoes data from TX pin Hardware Interface Register 0 in parallel or SPI mode back to RX pin Register 0 in parallel or SPI mode Phone line termination required as in Figure 26 In order to test only the ISOcap link operation the hybrid and AFE codec can be removed from the test loop by setting U62 1 DL 1 T4 Initiate transmit as originating modem with automatic data generation M...

Page 85: ...e is pulse dial only X 0 line supports 20 pps dialing 1 line supports 10 pps dialing only Y 0 extension network present PBX 1 outside line PSTN connected directly Z 0 continuous dial tone 1 make break dial tone n 0 9 number required for outside line if Y 0 1 X2 Same as X1 but Y result PBX is not tested Y2A2 Produce a constant answer tone ITU T and return to command mode The answer tone continues u...

Page 86: ...tically checks if the line is already in use Finally the ISOmodem checks line status both before going off hook and again before dialing V1 uses the fixed method and V2 uses the adaptive method V0 default disables this feature V0 Disable automatic line in use detection V1 Automatic Line Status Detection Fixed Method Description Before going off hook with the ATD ATO or ATA commands the ISOmodem co...

Page 87: ...P1 Eight data bits parity optioned by P one stop bit one start bit 11 bits total N0 only This mode is not allowed with a parallel or SPI interface B6 8X1 Eight data bits one escape bit one stop bit one start bit 11 bits total enables ninth bit escape mode This mode is not allowed with a parallel or SPI interface Nn Asynchronous protocol Notes 1 When in autobaud mode B0 B1 and P1 is not detected au...

Page 88: ...tion Notes 1 When in autobaud mode B0 B1 and P1 is not detected automatically The combination of B2 and P3 is detected This is compatible with seven data bits no parity two stop bits Seven data bits no parity one stop bit may be forced by sending AT T17 B1 2 After changing the baud rate the result code OK is sent at the old DTE rate Subsequent commands must be sent at the new rate If the ISOmodem ...

Page 89: ...nging the baud rate the result code OK is sent at the old DTE rate Subsequent commands must be sent at the new rate If the ISOmodem is configured in autobaud mode AT commands T0 through T15 lock the new baud rate and disable autobaud To eliminate any possibility of a race condition between the receipt of the result code and the changing of the UART speed CTS is de asserted while the result code is...

Page 90: ...aud rate and disable autobaud To eliminate any possibility of a race condition between the receipt of the result code and the changing of the UART speed CTS is de asserted while the result code is being sent until after the rate has been successfully changed The host should send the T command and wait for the OK response After OK has been received the host may send data at the new rate as soon as ...

Page 91: ...000 CONNECT 120002 X X X X X 17 Link established at 14400 CONNECT 144002 X X X X X 18 Link established at 16800 CONNECT 168003 X X X X X 19 Link established at 21600 CONNECT 216003 X X X X X 20 Link established at 24000 CONNECT 240003 X X X X X 21 Link established at 26400 CONNECT 264003 X X X X X 22 Link established at 28800 CONNECT 288003 X X X X X 23 Link established at 31200 CONNECT 312003 X X...

Page 92: ... X X X X X 66 Link established at 33333 CONNECT 333335 X X X X X 67 Link established at 34666 CONNECT 346665 X X X X X 68 Link established at 36000 CONNECT 360005 X X X X X 69 Link established at 37333 CONNECT 373335 X X X X X 70 No protocol PROTOCOL NONE Set with V0 command 75 Link established at 75 CONNECT 75 X X X X X 77 V 42 protocol PROTOCOL V426 Set with V0 command 79 V 42bis protocol PROTOC...

Page 93: ...T 493335 X X X X X 98 Link established at 50666 CONNECT 506665 X X X X X 99 Link established at 52000 CONNECT 520005 X X X X X 100 Link established at 53333 CONNECT 533335 X X X X X 101 Link established at 54666 CONNECT 546665 X X X X X 102 DTMF dial attempted on a pulse dial only line UN OBTAINABLE NUMBER X X X X X X Table 54 Result Codes Continued Numeric1 Meaning Verbal Response X0 X1 X2 X3 X4 ...

Page 94: ...ted D V 42 requested disconnect E MNP requested disconnect 10 Drop dead timer disconnect 8014 Loop current loss 8017 Remote modem requested disconnect 8018 8019 Soft reset command received 1a V 42 Protocol error 1b MNP Protocol error 801c Loss of carrier disconnect 801e Long space disconnect 801f Character abort disconnect 802a Rate request failed 802b Answer modem energy not detected 802c V 8 neg...

Page 95: ...ISOmodem the register may not be necessary or the function of the S register may be available with the use of U registers discussed later or through an AT command Table 56 S Register Descriptions Definition S Register Decimal Function Default Decimal Range Units 0 Automatic answer This value represents the number of rings the ISOmodem must detect before answering a call 0 disables auto answer 0 0 ...

Page 96: ...g The modem remains in the normal power mode regardless of activity if the timer is set to 0 0 0 255 seconds 30 Disconnect activity timer Sets the length of time that the modem stays online before disconnecting with no activity on the UART parallel port SPI port or tele phone line ring hookswitch flash or Caller ID This feature is disabled if set to 0 0 0 255 minutes 38 Hang up delay time Maximum ...

Page 97: ... If the blacklist mem ory is full any dial to a new number will result in a BLACKLIST FULL result code Numbers are added to the blacklist only if the modem connection fails The B command lists the numbers on the blacklists 0 disabled 1 enabled 0 disabled 0 1 43 Dial attempts to blacklist When blacklisting is enabled with S42 this value con trols the number of dial attempts that result in a num ber...

Page 98: ...reserved or they may be required to always be set to a certain value Pay particular attention when writing to bit mapped registers to ensure no reserved bits are overwritten When changing bits in a U register with reserved bits use a read modify write procedure read the register value with AT R modify only the desired bits then write the new value with AT U This will ensure the reserved bits are n...

Page 99: ...C BT2A0 Busy tone detection filter stage 2 biquad coefficients 0x00A0 U1D BT2B1 0x6EF1 U1E BT2B2 0xC4F4 U1F BT2A2 0xC000 U20 BT2A1 0x0000 U21 BT3A0 Busy tone detection filter stage 3 biquad coefficients 0x00A0 U22 BT3B1 0x78B0 U23 BT3B2 0xC305 U24 BT3A2 0x4000 U25 BT3A1 0xB50A U26 BT4A0 Busy tone detection filter stage 4 biquad coefficients 0x0400 U27 BT4B1 0x70D2 U28 BT4B2 0xC830 U29 BT4A2 0x4000...

Page 100: ...es to dial 4 0x0004 U3C PD5 Number of pulses to dial 5 0x0005 U3D PD6 Number of pulses to dial 6 0x0006 U3E PD7 Number of pulses to dial 7 0x0007 U3F PD8 Number of pulses to dial 8 0x0008 U40 PD9 Number of pulses to dial 9 0x0009 U42 PDBT Pulse dial break time ms units 0x003D U43 PDMT Pulse dial make time ms units 0x0027 U45 PDIT Pulse dial interdigit time ms units 0x0320 U46 DTPL DTMF power level...

Page 101: ...ped register 0x0001 U70 IO0 This is a bit mapped register 0x2700 U71 IO1 This is a bit mapped register 0x0000 U76 GEN1 This is a bit mapped register 0x3240 U77 GEN2 This is a bit mapped register 0x401E U78 GEN3 This is a bit mapped register 0x0000 U79 GEN4 This is a bit mapped register 0x00XX U7A GENA This is a bit mapped register 0x0000 U7C GENC This is a bit mapped register 0x0000 U7D GEND This ...

Page 102: ...x0000 UA62 SC6 SAS cadence 6 Sets the duration of the fourth SAS tone ms 0x0000 UA72 SC7 SAS cadence 7 Sets the duration of the fourth SAS silence ms 0x0000 UA82 SC8 SAS cadence 8 Sets the duration of the fifth SAS tone ms 0x0000 UA92 SC9 SAS cadence 9 Sets the duration of the fifth SAS silence ms 0x0000 UAA2 V29MODE This is a bit mapped register 0x0000 UAD This is a bit mapped register 0x0210 UAE...

Page 103: ...DAAC4 PWMG PDN PDL U66 DAAC5 FDT U67 ITC1 MINI ILIM DCR OHS DCV RZ RT U68 ITC2 BTE ROV BTD U6A ITC4 SQ1 SQ0 OVL U6C LVS LVS U6E CK1 R1 HRS U6F PTME PTMR U70 IO0 HES TES CIDM OCDM PPDM RIM DCDM CID OCD PPD RI DCD U71 IO1 COMP PRT U76 GEN1 OHSR FACL DCL ACL U77 GEN2 IST HOI AOC OHT U78 GEN3 IB IS U79 GEN4 LVCS U7A GENA CNSMS V29EM ARMLO DOP ADD NEWFC HDLC FAST U7C GENC RIGPO RIG POEN U7D GEND NLM TC...

Page 104: ...one must be present for a valid detection See 5 7 5 U34 U35 Dial Tone Timing Register for more information Table 59 U0 U16 Dial Tone Registers Register Name Description Default U00 DT1A0 Dial tone detection filters stage 1 biquad coefficients 0x0800 U01 DT1B1 0x0000 U02 DT1B2 0x0000 U03 DT1A2 0x0000 U04 DT1A1 0x0000 U05 DT2A0 Dial tone detection filters stage 2 biquad coefficients 0x00A0 U06 DT2B1...

Page 105: ...imum OFF time minus the minimum total time BMTT BMOT is the minimum ON time The values stored in the registers are the hexadecimal representation of the times in seconds multiplied by 7200 Default values meet FCC requirements see Figure 27 Cadence Timing on page 107 Table 60 U17 U30 Busy Tone Detect Registers Register Name Description Default U17 BT1A0 Busy tone detection filter stage 1 biquad coe...

Page 106: ...8 0xC311 0xC8EF A2 0x0000 0xC000 0x4000 0x4000 A1 0x0000 0x0000 0xA7BE 0x8128 K 0x0009 320 630 A0 0x0078 0x0210 0x0330 0x0330 B1 0x67EF 0x79E0 0x68C0 0x7235 B2 0xC4FA 0xC252 0xCB6C 0xC821 A2 0x4000 0x4000 0x4000 0x4000 A1 0x0214 0x8052 0xB1DC 0x815C K 0x0008 325 550 A0 0x0100 0x0600 0x0600 0x0600 B1 0x71CC 0x78EF 0x69B9 0x68F7 B2 0xC777 0xC245 0xC9E4 0xC451 A2 0x4000 0x4000 0x4000 0x4000 A1 0x81C2...

Page 107: ...et of parameters can cover a broad number of different country requirements Register U1D9 defines the number of Busy Tone cadences on off that the modem must detect before reporting the BUSY message The actual cadence count is the value of U1D9 plus 1 The default value of U1D9 is 3 Thus by default the modem reports BUSY every four busy cadences The busy tone detector is configured using registers ...

Page 108: ...n register U35 see Table 63 5 7 6 U37 U45 Pulse Dial Registers Registers U37 U40 set the number of pulses to dial digits 0 through 9 respectively see Table 64 The values are entered in hexadecimal format with digit 0 having a default setting of 0x000A 10 decimal pulses digit 1 having a default setting of one pulse digit 2 having a default setting of two pulses etc This pulse arrangement is used th...

Page 109: ...illiseconds The default value for both U47 and U48 is 100 ms and the range of values is 0 1000 ms Table 64 Pulse Dial Registers Register Name Description Default U37 PD0 Number of pulses to dial 0 0x000A U38 PD1 Number of pulses to dial 1 0x0001 U39 PD2 Number of pulses to dial 2 0x0002 U3A PD3 Number of pulses to dial 3 0x0003 U3B PD4 Number of pulses to dial 4 0x0004 U3C PD5 Number of pulses to ...

Page 110: ... tone or pulse NHFD 1 enables hook flash during tone or pulse dial string Bit 10 CLPD 0 default Modem ignores loop current prior to dialing If CLPD 1 modem measures loop current prior to dialing This bit is used in conjunction with the loop current debouncing registers U50 and U51 LCDN and LCDF and U4D bit 1 LLC U50 provides a delay between the modem going off hook and the loop current measurement...

Page 111: ... Enable 10 CLPD Check Loop Current Before Dialing 0 Ignore 1 Check 9 Reserved Read returns zero 8 FTP Force Tone or Pulse 0 Disable 1 Enable 7 SPDM Skip Pulse Dial Modifier 0 No 1 Yes 6 Reserved Read returns zero 5 GT18 1800 Hz Guard Tone Enable UK Guard Tone 0 Disable 1 Enable 4 GT55 550 Hz Guard Tone Enable 0 Disable 1 Enable 3 CTE Calling Tone Enable 0 Disable 1 Enable 2 Reserved Read returns z...

Page 112: ...on time LCDN is used to program a delay in measuring loop current after the modem goes off hook to ensure the loop current is stable prior to the measurement LCDN is used in conjunction with U4D 10 CLPD and U4D 0 LCN Loop current debounce off time LCDF is used in conjunction with LCN to delay the modem going on hook if loop current is interrupted during a connection The values are stored in the re...

Page 113: ...le 74 U62 resets to 0x0804 with a power on or manual reset Bit 1 DL 1 or 0 causes digital loopback to occur beyond the isolation capacitor interface out to and including the analog hybrid circuit Setting bit 1 high enables digital loopback across the isolation barrier only This setting is used in conjunction with the AT H and AT T3 commands DL must be set low for normal operation Bit 2 FOH control...

Page 114: ...DL 1 powers the Si3018 10 down This is a test mode typically used for board level debugging not normal modem operation U65 resets to 0x00E0 with a power on or manual reset 8 OHS2 On Hook Speed 2 This bit in combination with the OHS bit and the SQ 1 0 bits on hook speeds specified are measured from the time the OH bit is cleared until loop current equals zero OHS OHS2 SQ 1 0 Mean On Hook Speed 0 0 ...

Page 115: ...t MINI settings In the worst case MINI 00 and the current is 10 mA the drop is about 4 dB In the best case MIN 00 and the current is 16 mA the drop is about 0 5dB It is not recommended that customers adjust U52 or U46 to compensate for this TX drop Unlike the case of DCV there is no distinctive level shift except for this nonlinear region Furthermore the host only knows it is near this nonlinear r...

Page 116: ... transition speed to prevent excessive voltage buildup Slowly reducing the loop current to zero fulfills the spark quenching requirement without the extra components Setting OHS 1 causes the hookswitch to turn off the loop current with a ramp instead of a step Bits 3 2 DCV select the dc termination for the modem DCV 00 is the lowest voltage mode supported on the ISOmodem DCV 01 is the next lowest ...

Page 117: ...his mode limits loop current to a maximum of 60 mA per the legacy TBR21 standard 8 Reserved Read returns zero 7 DCR DC Impedance Selection 0 50 dc termination slope is selected This mode should be used for all standard applications 1 800 dc termination is selected 6 OHS On Hook Speed See OHS2 5 4 Reserved Read returns zero 3 2 DCV 1 0 Tip Ring Voltage Adjust These bits adjust the voltage on the DC...

Page 118: ...000 with a power on or manual reset U6A is a bit mapped register with bits 15 3 and 1 0 reserved Reading these bits returns zero Bit 2 is read only See Table 80 Bit 2 OVL is a read only bit that detects a receive overload This bit is similar to U68 1 ROV except OVL clears itself after the overload condition is removed 0 RT Ringer Threshold Select Used to satisfy country requirements on ring detect...

Page 119: ...0 set the period of an internal timer that is reset whenever the parallel or SPI port receive FIFO Hardware Interface Register 0 is read If the internal timer expires with data in the receive FIFO an interrupt is generated regardless of the state of RXF Hardware Interface Register 1 bit 7 This ensures that the host always removes all receive data from the parallel or SPI port receive FIFO even if ...

Page 120: ...n interrupt If CIDM 1 an interrupt is triggered with a low to high transition on CID Bit 11 OCDM 0 default an interrupt is not triggered with a change in OCD If OCDM 1 a low to high transition on U70 3 OCD overcurrent detect triggers an interrupt This bit must be set for Australia and Brazil Bit 10 PPDM 1 default causes a low to high transition in U70 2 PPD parallel phone detect to trigger an inte...

Page 121: ...t affect INT 1 PPD low to high transition triggers INT 9 RIM Ring Indicator Mask 0 Change in RI does not affect INT 1 RI low to high transition triggers INT 8 DCDM Data Carrier Detect Mask 0 Change in DCD U70 bit 0 does not affect INT 1 DCD high to low transition triggers INT 7 5 Reserved Read returns zero 4 CID Caller ID sticky 1 Caller ID preamble detected data to follow Clears on I read 3 OCD O...

Page 122: ...to 0 and updates from LVCS overwrite the stored value Writing an initial value to ACL eliminates the possibility of the modem going off hook for the first time simultaneously with an intrusion and storing the intrusion loop current in ACL Bits 7 5 DCL set the differential level between ACL and LVCS that triggers an off hook PPD interrupt DCL is adjustable in 3 mA units The default value is 2 6 mA ...

Page 123: ...t protection in the DAA When LCS 160 mA or 60 mA in current limit mode the DAA switches to 800 mode and sets the OPD bit The modem then waits for 5 ms clears the OPE bit to return to normal DC termination mode and clears the OPD bit The modem decrements an internal counter N which is initialized to the value in U1DD When N reaches 0 indicating an overcurrent situation for an extended period of tim...

Page 124: ...gorithm AOC 1 C ounter N U 1D D W ait OH T OPE 0 N 0 N N 1 LVS 50V O FF HO OK OPE 1 Tim er T1 250m s T 1 0 OP D 1 Timer T2 5m s Y es No No C ounter N U 1DD N o Yes T 2 0 No No OPE 0 Y es LVS 50V T2 0 Y es No N 3 Yes Y es N 3 No ON H OOK Y es W ait 1s Y es No ...

Page 125: ...t is available for the modem to operate or if an overload condition exists The line voltage monitor full scale may be modified by changing R5 as follows VMAX VMIN 4 2 x 10 MΩ R5 1 78 kΩ R5 1 78 kΩ 5 See Table 89 LVCS is backward compatible with older ISOmodem revisions The value is absolute and does not reflect loop polarity See U6C LVS 15 8 for 1 V bit resolution and signed two s complement forma...

Page 126: ...led See 5 14 Legacy Synchronous DCE Mode V 80 Synchronous Access Mode on page 137 for more details on these modes Bit 0 controls whether the normal ITU Bellcore modem handshake default or a special fast connect handshake is used Fast connect is typically used in specialized applications such as point of sale terminals where it is important to connect and transfer a small amount of data rapidly see...

Page 127: ...elding to change direction of half duplex V 29FC 0 EM shielding 1 EM rrn 0x19 0xBC to receive a V29FC packet 2 EM rtn 0x19 0xBD to send a V29FC packet 1 RTS pin toggle 12 Reserved Read returns zero 11 ARMLO 0 Normal operation 1 Accomodate remote modem with large clock offset such as 340 ppm May degrade training for normal modems enable only when necessary 10 8 Reserved Read returns zero 7 DOP 0 No...

Page 128: ...it Map Bit Name Function 15 5 Reserved Read returns zero 4 RIGPO RI pin Follow this bit when U7C 0 RIGPIOEN 1 3 1 Reserved Read returns zero 0 RIGPOEN 0 RI pin indicates valid ring signal 1 RI pin follows U7C 4 RIGPO Table 92 U7D Bit Map Bit Name Function 15 RXWAIT 0 Normal operation default 1 Disables UN OBTAINABLE NUMBER response 14 NLM Host software recommended to always set this to bit 0 Enabl...

Page 129: ...ata or HDLC Flags The delay units are 1 600 s For example to command the modem to begin transmitting three seconds after the end of dialing 3 x 600 1800 0x0708 Issue command AT U80 8708 This register is only used when U7A 4 0 U80 XMITDEL Transmit Delay for V 22 Fast Connect Bit Name Function 15 V22FCDF 0 Normal operation default 1 Transmit scrambled data or HDLC flags after delay set in bits 14 0 ...

Page 130: ...Error Reporting Mode 0 Ignore unrecognized in band commands 1 Generate EM 0x45 E for error in response to any unrecognized in band commands 8 FSMS Framed Sub Mode Startup 0 Upon successful connection enter Transparent Sub Mode An EM FLAG is required to enter Framed Sub Mode 1 Upon successful connection immediately enter Framed Sub Mode The first received EM err from a successful hunt is transforme...

Page 131: ...ution in these four registers UAA V 29 MODE Bit Name Function 15 3 Reserved Read returns zero 2 RUDE 0 Disables rude disconnect 1 Enables rude disconnect 1 V29ENA 0 Disables V 29 1 Enables V 29 0 Reserved Read returns zero Table 93 UAD Bit Map Bit Name Function 15 8 Reserved These bits are reserved 7 SIA 0 Normal modem connection 1 SIA protocol enabled 6 CON 0 Normal modem connection 1 Ademco Cont...

Page 132: ...usion The units are 1 1 mA bit UD4 sets the power level of the SMS CAS tone detector threshold The mapping of CASL to the detector threshold is shown in Table XX The default value is 0x0000 U1D4 is a bit mapped register with bits 15 and bits 13 0 reserved U1D4 resets to 0x0000 with a power on or manual reset Bit 14 SEF 0 default for normal modem operations When SEF 1 ePOS connections are enabled T...

Page 133: ...s suggested to do AT T6 to verify the CRC of the loaded patch 5 8 1 Method 1 Fastest Send the entire file in quiet mode using a program that waits for a set amount of time after every line This can result in load times as short as 0 7 seconds for a 6235 byte patch at 115 kbaud UART interface mode The file transfer should be preceded by ATZ or reset and followed by ATE0 and ATQ1 After the transfer ...

Page 134: ...essage In practice it is difficult to determine the exact boundary between command mode and data mode The recommendation is to time the escape command 100 ms low and 100 ms high and expect that the modem has transitioned to command mode The system should then flush the receive buffer 100 ms after the escape command has been removed send AT and wait for OK This ensures that the modem is in command ...

Page 135: ...S is set to a 1 a high level on the ESC pin causes the modem to transition to the on line command mode The ESC pin status is polled by the processor and there is a latency before OK is received and the modem is in command mode The escape pin must be kept active until OK is received In parallel or SPI interface mode the function of the escape pin is replaced by bit 2 in Hardware Interface Register ...

Page 136: ...d is enabled in the N3 and N4 modes In the default mode N3 the ISOmodem attempts to connect with V 42 error correction and V 42bis data compression Si2457 34 15 and falls back to either V 42 only MNP 2 5 or no error correction wire mode if necessary In N4 mode the ISOmodem hangs up if a V 42 connection cannot be established If the ISOmodem hangs up in V 42 mode after all data are successfully sent...

Page 137: ...0 Default delay TX to answer tone by 200 ms in 1 600 s units This delay can be important for some NAC servers 5 13 2 EPOS V 29 Fast Connect In addition to the low modulation speed fast connect modes the modem only Si2493 57 34 15 and Si2494 39 also supports a fast connect mode based on the 9600 bps V 29 fax modulation standard 5 14 Legacy Synchronous DCE Mode V 80 Synchronous Access Mode The ISOmo...

Page 138: ...losest equivalent to the Legacy Synchronous DCE Mode is the following initialization setting With either Synchronous Access Submode once a connection has been established payload data are multiplexed with command indicator information by use of EM shielding With EM shielding either of the two bytes 0x19 or 0x99 used to represent EM precedes a special command or special indicator Synchronous access...

Page 139: ...smit 0x19 0x11 Received 0x19 0x11 Yes Yes EM t11 0xA6 Transmit 0x19 0x13 Received 0x19 0x13 Yes Yes EM t12 0xA7 Transmit 0x99 0x19 Received 0x99 0x19 Yes Yes EM t13 0xA8 Transmit 0x99 0x11 Received 0x99 0x11 Yes Yes EM t14 0xA9 Transmit 0x99 0x13 Received 0x99 0x13 Yes Yes EM t15 0xAA Transmit 0x11 0x19 Received 0x11 0x19 Yes Yes EM t16 0xAB Transmit 0x11 0x99 Received 0x11 0x99 Yes Yes EM t17 0xA...

Page 140: ... in the trans mit data buffer if ITF C is non zero2 Yes Yes EM unum 0xB9 not applicable octnum0 octnum1 speci fies number of discarded octets fol lowing a data overrun underrun after the EM resume command This is applicable if ESA C 12 EM eot 0xBA Terminate carrier return to command mode Loss of carrier detected return to command mode Yes Yes EM ecs 0xBB Escape to On Line com mand mode Confirmatio...

Page 141: ... 28 8 kbps 0x2D 31 2 kbps 0x2E 33 6 kbps Notes 1 U87 10 1 Can be used to limit the transparency characters in the receive direction to these four cases only 2 The actual value represented in octnum0 octnum1 octnum0 2 octunum1 x 64 3 EM 0x45 indicates that an unrecognized EM command was sent to the modem Table 101 Fast Connect Settings AT MS V22 V22 Protocol AT U7A 12 Set Fast Connect Transmit HDLC...

Page 142: ...oftware handshaking can no longer be used In either of the above transmit frames the EM flag is used to indicate that a logical frame has completed The modem does not begin transmitting the frame at the DCE until the EM flag is received or the number of bytes sent to the modem exceeds the number of bytes programmed into U87 7 0 In the above example the following transmission 0x10 0x19 0xA0 0x12 0x...

Page 143: ...ted that the EM rover indicator be encountered during system debug and designing the system software properly to avoid having these indicators occur should be the design goal Please note that there is an option available in the U87 10 The reason for this option is to determine what the modem sends to the DTE when the modem receives back to back occurrences of the special characters 0x19 0x99 0x11 ...

Page 144: ...sidered Table 102 Modem Feature vs Hardware AT Command and Register Setting Function Feature AT Commands S Registers U Registers Autobaud T16 T17 Blacklisting B 42 43 44 Type I Caller ID VCID VCDT U70 12 4 Type II Caller ID PCW VCID VCIDR Country dependent settings U0 U4C U4D 10 1 0 U50 U52 U62 8 U67 6 3 2 1 0 U68 2 1 0 U69 6 5 4 DTE interface En Bn Pn Qn Tn U DTMF dialing D 6 8 14 U46 U48 U4E EEP...

Page 145: ...a separate section Tables 103 107 describe the registers and bits used for global configuration and the functions performed by each Many countries use some or all of the default FCC settings 6 2 1 DC Termination The ISOmodem offers a great deal of flexibility in setting dc termination Several bits can be used to adapt to particular country requirements and unusual line conditions The dc terminatio...

Page 146: ...ements South Korea Poland and South Africa have special ringer impedance requirements Set all country specific parameters listed in Table 104 In order to use the GCI command for a given country and modify one or more U registers it is necessary to execute the GCI command first then modify the desired register or registers The GCI command resets all U registers through U86 and S7 to factory default...

Page 147: ... U46 9B0 AT U4F 64 AT U52 2 AT U62 904 AT U67 8 ATS006 3 Bermuda Defaults Brazil AT GCI 16 AT U67 8 Brunei AT GCI 9C Bulgaria AT GCI 1B AT U35 10E0 AT U46 9B0 AT U62 904 AT U67 8 Canada AT GCI 20 Caribbean Defaults Chile AT GCI 73 AT U49 28 83 ATS007 180 Table 104 Country Initialization Table Continued Country Initialization Note These countries do not have a built in GCI support but are using the...

Page 148: ...U62 904 AT U67 8 Denmark AT GCI 31 AT U14 7 AT U35 10E0 AT U46 9B0 AT U4F 64 AT U52 2 AT U62 904 AT U67 8 ATS006 3 Dominican Republic Defaults Dubai Defaults Egypt AT GCI 6C AT U35 10E0 AT U62 904 33 AT U67 208 ATS006 3 El Salvador Defaults Ecuador AT GCI 35 Table 104 Country Initialization Table Continued Country Initialization Note These countries do not have a built in GCI support but are using...

Page 149: ... 64 AT U52 2 AT U62 904 AT U67 8 ATS006 3 French Polynesia AT GCI 1B AT U62 904 Georgia AT GCI 73 Germany AT GCI 42 AT U14 7 AT U35 10E0 AT U46 9B0 AT U4F 64 AT U52 2 AT U62 904 AT U67 8 ATS006 3 Ghana AT GCI 2E AT U35 10E0 AT U46 9B0 AT U62 904 Table 104 Country Initialization Table Continued Country Initialization Note These countries do not have a built in GCI support but are using the settings...

Page 150: ... AT GCI 2E AT U62 904 India AT GCI 53 AT U63 3 AT U67 8 Indonesia Defaults Ireland AT GCI 57 AT U14 7 AT U35 10E0 AT U46 9B0 AT U4F 64 AT U52 2 AT U62 904 AT U67 8 ATS006 3 Israel AT GCI 58 AT U35 10E0 AT U46 9B0 AT U4F 64 AT U52 1 AT U62 904 AT U67 1004 Table 104 Country Initialization Table Continued Country Initialization Note These countries do not have a built in GCI support but are using the...

Page 151: ...n AT GCI 73 Latvia AT GCI 1B AT U35 10E0 AT U46 9B0 AT U62 904 AT U67 8 Lebanon AT GCI 2E AT U35 10E0 AT U46 9B0 AT U62 904 Lesotho AT GCI 9F AT U63 33 AT U67 A ATS006 3 Liechtenstein AT GCI 2E AT U62 904 Lithuania AT GCI 73 AT U45 344 AT U62 904 33 Table 104 Country Initialization Table Continued Country Initialization Note These countries do not have a built in GCI support but are using the sett...

Page 152: ...rtinique AT GCI 1B AT U62 904 AT U67 8 ATS007 50 Mexico AT GCI 73 Moldova AT GCI 73 Morocco AT GCI 2E AT U35 10E0 AT U46 9B0 AT U62 904 Netherlands AT GCI 7B AT U14 7 AT U35 10E0 AT U46 9B0 AT U4F 64 AT U52 2 AT U62 904 AT U67 8 ATS006 3 Table 104 Country Initialization Table Continued Country Initialization Note These countries do not have a built in GCI support but are using the settings of othe...

Page 153: ...89 AT U46 8A0 Paraguay AT GCI 87 Peru Defaults Philippines AT GCI 89 Poland AT GCI 8A AT U14 7 AT U52 2 AT U62 904 AT U67 8 AT U77 4410 ATS006 3 Portugal AT GCI 8B AT U35 10E0 AT U42 41 21 AT U46 9B0 AT U4F 64 AT U52 1 AT U62 904 AT U67 8 Puerto Rico Defaults Table 104 Country Initialization Table Continued Country Initialization Note These countries do not have a built in GCI support but are usin...

Page 154: ...10E0 AT U47 5A 5A AT U62 904 33 Slovenia AT GCI 2E AT U35 10E0 AT U46 9B0 AT U62 904 AT U67 8 South Africa AT GCI 9F AT U63 33 AT U67 A ATS006 3 Spain AT GCI A0 AT U14 7 AT U35 10E0 AT U46 9B0 AT U4F 64 AT U52 2 AT U62 904 AT U67 8 ATS006 3 Sri Lanka AT GCI 9C Table 104 Country Initialization Table Continued Country Initialization Note These countries do not have a built in GCI support but are usi...

Page 155: ...a AT GCI 16 AT U49 22 7A Taiwan AT GCI FE AT U67 8 Thailand AT GCI 6C AT U46 240 AT U67 4 Tunisia AT GCI 51 AT U46 680 AT U52 1 ATS007 50 Turkey AT GCI 1B AT U35 10E0 AT U46 9B0 AT U62 904 UAE AT GCI 6C AT U67 8 ATS006 3 USA AT GCI B5 Ukraine AT GCI 73 Table 104 Country Initialization Table Continued Country Initialization Note These countries do not have a built in GCI support but are using the s...

Page 156: ...S006 3 Uruguay Defaults Uzbekistan Defaults Venezuela Defaults Yemen Defaults Zambia AT GCI 2E AT U35 10E0 AT U46 9B0 AT U62 904 Table 104 Country Initialization Table Continued Country Initialization Note These countries do not have a built in GCI support but are using the settings of other countries as a shortcut ...

Page 157: ...sy Tone Control U17 U2B Busy Tone Detect Filter Coeffi cients U2C BTON Busy Tone On Threshold U2D BTOF Busy Tone Off Threshold U2E BMTT Busy Tone Minimum Total Time U2F BDLT Busy Tone Delta Time U30 BMOT Busy Tone Minimum On Time Ringback Cadence Control U31 RMTT Ringback Tone Minimum Total Time U32 RDLT Ringback Tone Delta Time U33 RMOT Ringback Tone Minimum On Time Ring Detect Control U49 RGFH R...

Page 158: ...rol U37 U40 Pulse per Digit Definition U42 PDBT Pulse Dial Break Time U43 PDMT Pulse Dial Make Time U45 PDIT Pulse Dial Interdigit Time DTMF Control U46 DTPL DTMF Power Level and Twist U47 DTNT DTMF On Time U48 DTFT DTMF Off Time Table 107 Line Interface Control Registers Register Bit Value Function U4D 10 CLPD Check Loop Current Before Dialing 1 LLC Low Loop Current Detect set for legacy TBR21 0 ...

Page 159: ...djusted with register S44 second units A number is added to the blacklist only if the connection fails The S42 register controls blacklisting Any number that is currently blacklisted is reported with the B command 6 3 Caller ID The ISOmodem supports all major Caller ID CID types CID is disabled by default VCID 0 Setting VCID 1 via the AT VCID 1 command enables decoded formatted CID while setting V...

Page 160: ...p Next the ISOmodem prepares to detect the CID preamble After 50 continuous mark bits 1s are detected the CIDM response is echoed to the host indicating that the mark sequence was received and that FSK modulated CID data will follow and INT is again triggered Then the CID algorithm looks for the start bit assembles the characters and sends them to the host as they are received When the CID burst i...

Page 161: ...et structure Protocol 1 and Protocol 2 as defined in ETSI ES 201 912 The rest of the data link layer and transfer layer are defined by the host system The ISOmodem uses a V 23 half duplex modulation to transmit and receive the data over the PSTN Protocol 2 differs from Protocol 1 in that a packet is preceded by a 300 bit long channel seizure preamble ETSI ES 201 912 describes the other differences...

Page 162: ...rk When the carrier stops the modem returns to command mode and responds with OK To transmit Protocol 1 or Protocol 2 data the host must send AT FTM 201 or AT FTM 202 This causes the modem to return to data mode and wait silently until data are received from the host processor for transmission Once data are received from the host the modem transmits the proper number of channel seizure and mark bi...

Page 163: ... displayed in hexadecimal format using ASCII text The modem will return NO DATA if no Caller ID is available The VCIDR response is listed below for the following example CWCID message Date Time 09 11 16 21 ICLID Number 512 555 1234 Calling Name JOHN_DOE VCIDR 80 20 01 08 30 39 31 31 31 36 32 31 02 0A 35 31 32 35 35 35 31 32 33 34 07 08 4A 4F 48 4E 5F 44 4F 45 40 OK Table 113 defines the Multiple D...

Page 164: ... each supported country The on time is listed in bold These data were obtained from ITU T Recommendation E 180 Supplement 2 04 98 Table 114 SAS Tone Frequency SAS_FREQ U9F SAS Frequency 0x0000 440 Hz Default 0x0001 400 Hz 0x0002 420 Hz 0x0003 425 Hz 0x0004 480 Hz 0x0005 450 Hz 0x0006 900 Hz 0x0007 950 Hz 0x0008 523 Hz 0x0009 1400 Hz Table 115 SAS Cadence for Supported Countries Country Tone Freque...

Page 165: ...032 UA1 0x0019 Botswana Waiting Tone 425 0 2 1 0 U9F 0x0003 UA0 0x0014 UA1 0x0064 Brazil Waiting Tone 425 0 05 1 0 U9F 0x0003 UA0 0x0005 UA1 0x0064 British Virgin Islands Waiting Tone 440 0 5 10 0 0 5 U9F 0x0000 UA0 0x0032 UA1 0x03E8 UA2 0x0032 Brunei Darussalam Call Waiting Tone 400 24 0 5 0 25 U9F 0x0001 UA0 0x0032 UA1 0x0019 Channel Islands Jersey Waiting Tone 400 0 1 2 5 0 1 U9F 0x0000 UA0 0x0...

Page 166: ...UA0 0x0032 UA1 0x03E8 UA2 0x0032 Ecuador Call Waiting Tone 425 0 2 0 6 U9F 0x0003 UA0 0x0014 UA1 0x003C Estonia Call Waiting Tone 950 1400 1800 3 0 33 0 3 U9F 0x0007 Ethiopia Call Waiting Tone 425 0 2 0 6 U9F 0x0003 UA0 0x0014 UA1 0x003C Finland Waiting Tone 425 0 15 8 0 U9F 0x0003 UA0 0x000F UA1 0x0320 Germany Waiting Tone 425 0 2 0 2 0 2 5 0 U9F 0x0003 UA0 0x0014 UA1 0x0014 UA2 0x0014 UA3 0x01F4...

Page 167: ...3 0x0190 Hong Kong Call Waiting Tone 440 3 0 5 0 5 8 0 U9F 0x0000 UA0 0x0032 UA1 0x0032 UA2 0x0032 UA3 0x0032 UA4 0x0032 UA5 0x0352 Hungary Waiting Tone 425 0 04 1 96 U9F 0x0003 UA0 0x0004 UA1 0x00C4 Iceland Waiting Tone 425 4x 0 2 0 2 0 2 3 6 0 2 0 2 0 2 U9F 0x0003 UA0 0x0014 UA1 0x0014 UA2 0x0014 UA3 0x0168 UA4 0x0014 UA5 0x0014 UA6 0x0014 Iran Waiting Tone 425 0 2 0 2 0 2 10 0 U9F 0x0003 UA0 0x...

Page 168: ...0 U9F 0x0001 UA0 0x000A UA1 0x000A UA2 0x000A UA3 0x012C Call Waiting Tone Iii 400 16 400 0 064 0 436 0 064 3 436 U9F 0x0001 UA0 0x0007 UA1 0x002C UA2 0x0007 UA3 0x0158 Call Waiting Tone Iv 400 16 400 0 25 0 25 0 25 3 25 U9F 0x0001 UA0 0x0019 UA1 0x0019 UA2 0x0019 UA3 0x0145 Jordan Waiting Tone 420 40 400 440 0 5 2 0 3 0 2 3 0 U9F 0x0001 or 0x0002 UA0 0x0032 UA1 0x001E UA2 0x0014 UA3 0x001E UA4 0x...

Page 169: ...gascar Call Waiting Tone 440 0 1 1 9 U9F 0x0000 UA0 0x000A UA1 0x00BE Malaysia Waiting Tone 425 1 0 10 0 0 5 0 25 0 5 10 0 0 5 0 25 U9F 0x0003 UA0 0x0064 UA1 0x03E8 UA2 0x0032 UA3 0x0019 UA4 0x0032 UA5 0x03E8 UA6 0x0032 UA7 0x0019 Maldives Call Waiting Tone 400 1 0 10 0 U9F 0x0001 UA0 0x0064 UA1 0x03E8 Montserrat Waiting Tone 440 0 5 10 0 0 5 U9F 0x0000 UA0 0x0032 UA1 0x03E8 UA2 0x0032 Netherlands...

Page 170: ...Papua New Guinea Waiting Tone 425 0 04 10 0 0 04 20 0 0 04 20 0 U9F 0x0003 UA0 0x0004 UA1 0x03E8 UA2 0x0004 UA3 0x07D0 UA4 0x0004 UA5 0x07D0 Paraguay Waiting Tone 950 950 1400 0 65 0 325 0 125 1 3 2 6 U9F 0x0007 UA0 0x0041 UA1 0x0021 UA2 0x00D UA3 0x0082 UA4 0x0104 Poland Waiting Tone 425 0 15 0 15 0 15 4 0 U9F 0x0003 UA0 0x000F UA1 0x000F UA2 0x000F UA3 0x0190 Portugal Call Waiting Tone 425 0 2 0...

Page 171: ... UA0 0x0064 Singapore Call Waiting Tone 425 0 3 0 2 0 3 3 2 U9F 0x0003 UA0 0x001E UA1 0x0014 UA2 0x001E UA3 0x0140 Slovenia Waiting Tone 425 0 3 10 0 U9F 0x0003 UA0 0x001E UA1 0x03E8 Solomon Waiting Tone 400 450 400 0 5 0 5 U9F 0x0001 UA0 0x0032 UA1 0x0032 South Africa Call Waiting Tone 400 33 0 4 4 0 U9F 0x0001 UA0 0x0028 UA1 0x0190 Spain Call Waiting Tone 425 0 175 0 175 0 175 3 5 U9F 0x0003 UA0...

Page 172: ...States Call Waiting Tone 440 0 3 U9F 0x0000 UA0 0x001E UA1 0x03E8 UA2 0x001E UA3 0x03E8 Uruguay Waiting Tone 425 0 2 0 2 0 2 4 4 U9F 0x0003 UA0 0x0014 UA1 0x0014 UA2 0x0014 UA3 0x01B8 Vanuatu Call Waiting Tone 425 0 3 10 0 U9F 0x0003 UA0 0x001E UA1 0x03E8 Zimbabwe Call Waiting Tone 523 659 1 5 1 5 U9F 0x0003 UA0 0x0096 UA1 0x0096 Note Explanation of Symbols 1 f2 f1 is modulated by f2 f1 f2 the jux...

Page 173: ...of monitoring may also be performed with the V1 command Alternatively the host could be programmed to periodically monitor LVCS and store the maximum value as the all devices on hook line voltage and establish the on hook intrusion threshold as a fraction possibly 50 of that value This allows the system to adapt to different or changing local loop conditions An on chip adaptive monitoring algorith...

Page 174: ...es of less than 800 ms must be ignored but an intrusion is declared for a one second drop in loop current The enhanced algorithm is enabled by setting UAEM 1 initializing UAE 5 0 DCLM with a non zero delta current value and if it is known in advance a reference current in UAE 15 8 ACLM The modem samples the loop current LCS and compares the sample to the reference value in ACLM If ACLM 0 the modem...

Page 175: ...suspended for a period defined by U78 15 14 IB after the start of dialing This guards against false PPD detects due to dial pulses or other transients caused by Central Office switching Table 116 lists the U registers and bits used for both Intrusion Detection algorithms Table 116 Intrusion Detection Register Bit s Name Function U63 15 8 LCS Line Current Sense U6C 15 8 LVS Line Voltage Sense U70 1...

Page 176: ...AS Detection on page 163 However it may be initiated any time the modem is on line in command mode The AT PMHR command is used to initiate a modem on hold request After this command is issued the modem will place a modem on hold request to the server and the PMHR command response will indicate the server s response to the request The possible responses are shown in Table 117 If the server refuses ...

Page 177: ...128 AT U87 010A AT MS V22 AT U7A 12 The following data stream was received over a noisy line 0D 0A 43 4F 4E 4E 45 43 54 20 31 32 30 30 0D 0A 19 BE 20 20 19 B1 19 B0 19 B2 30 93 19 B1 19 B2 30 93 19 B1 19 B2 30 93 19 B1 19 B2 30 93 19 B1 19 B2 19 B2 B6 9E F7 46 19 B0 19 B2 29 C6 19 B0 19 B2 FF 98 89 18 19 B0 19 B2 92 6E EF 14 65 19 B0 19 B2 DA BE C6 07 EA D8 31 C2 05 3C FA C8 86 C4 40 E6 19 A0 CA E...

Page 178: ...has started prior data exists the receiver assumes the CRC check does not match the FCS bytes sent by the remote transmitter and declares the packet bad An isolated 19 B2 pattern no preceding data is normal This can occur when the following example data pattern is seen 7E 7E XX 7E 7E where XX can be up to 2 bytes of non FLAG bit patterns at the DCE The data can be analyzed as follows with valid da...

Page 179: ...1 bit error received in an HDLC flag The modem assumes a new single byte packet Since a 1 byte packet is invalid 19 B2 is generated by modem Beginning of Packet 19 B2 A 1 bit error received in an HDLC flag The modem assumes a new single byte packet Since a 1 byte packet is invalid 19 B2 is generated by modem Beginning of Packet B6 9E F7 46 Spurious data 19 B0 Followed by a data byte with more than...

Page 180: ...lated CRC not equal FCS The modem assumes this is a bad Frame Beginning of Packet 8D 00 57 A5 43 29 Spurious data 19 B0 Followed by a data byte with more than 6 mark bits in a row The modem looks for HDLC flags 19 B2 HDLC Flag detected Beginning of Packet 05 CB 14 9F 7C 2D Spurious data 19 B0 Followed by a data byte with more than 6 mark bits in a row The modem looks for HDLC flags 19 B2 HDLC Flag...

Page 181: ...host issues the AT I command to verify the OCD interrupt and clear the OCD bit The delay between modem off hook and loop current measurement is set by the OHT bits OHT is a 9 bit register with 1 ms units The default delay is 16 ms When the modem is off hook in an overload condition LVCS 11111 full scale overload error condition an X is sent to the DTE and the OCD bit is set The Overcurrent Detecti...

Page 182: ...still present the first digit is resent with pulse dialing followed by the other digits in the dial string If a dial tone is not present the remaining digits are dialed with DTMF Adaptive dialing does not select 10 pps vs 20 pps dialing This must be configured beforehand In a PBX installation this method typically results in pulse dialing because the first digit dialed usually 8 or 9 is used to ob...

Page 183: ...server does not support the shortening of these phases the modem will automatically connect with the normal Phase 1 and Phase 2 negotiation unless specifically commanded not to Two AT commands control this feature AT PQC and AT PSS The AT PQC command controls the enabling and disabling of shortened Phase 1 and Phase 2 individually according to Table 122 It is recommended that both shortened phases...

Page 184: ...e AT VLS 0 command Table 122 AT PQC Parameters Value Description 0 Enable Short Phase 1 and Short Phase 2 1 Enable Short Phase 1 2 Enable Short Phase 2 3 Disable Short Phase 1 and Short Phase 2 Table 123 AT PSS Parameters Value Description 0 The DCEs decide whether or not to use the short startup procedures The short startup procedures shall only be used if enabled by the PQC command 1 Forces the ...

Page 185: ...an 1 6 s Single talk echo suppression better than 48 dB Double talk echo suppression better than 30 dB The software reference section presents the implemented V 253 AT Commands V 253 DLE commands V 253 DLE events and U registers The voice reference section covers the functional operation of handset TAM and speakerphone modes and includes use cases with programming examples 7 1 Software Reference 7...

Page 186: ...e of 48 dB to 18 dB This command is used to control the receive gain at the DTE from either the Si3000 Codec or the DAA The purpose is to adjust the DTE receive gain for the TAM voice stream during idle state See the DLE d and DLE u commands discussed in Table 125 on page 190 for information on how to control the receive gain during active voice stream processing VGT gain Transmit Gain Selection T...

Page 187: ...2 4 2 of V 253 for an explanation of the AT VLS command results If an ATD command is sent while the DCE is in VLS 0 and FCLASS 8 the DCE will automati cally transition to VLS 1 The ATH command will automatically force the DCE to VLS 0 The main options of interest are the 0 13 14 and 5 The VLS 0 setting must be applied first before applying a new VLS value to ensure the mode is exited properly VNH ...

Page 188: ...m using the DTE DCE Inactivity Timer which is configured using the VIT command The DTE will need to process any DLE shielded events present in the data stream Any DLE DLE sequences can be preserved to allow less over head during playback of the stream with the VTX command VSD sds sdi Silence Detection sds Silence Detection Sensitivity 118 More sensitive lower noise levels considered to be silence ...

Page 189: ... two which has a range of 0 200 3200 Hz dur Duration of the tone s in 10 ms units For only a single tone use freq1 with zero value for freq2 Bracket syntax can be used to group sets of tones to generate simple melodies e g VTS 500 0 10 600 200 20 700 250 30 VTX Transmit Voice Stream Enable DTE transmit of voice stream to DCE The DCE will return a CONNECT response The DTE sends the voice stream as ...

Page 190: ... or gain during voice stream processing For VRX increase the UBF and UC0 receive gains by 3 dB For VTX increase the UB8 and UB3 transmit gains by 3 dB The voice driver should track this command and update the VGR or VGT setting Since this DLE u command affects RS232 DAA and RS232 Si3000 gain registers the voice driver should maintain two sets of VGT and VGR The voice driver will need to know the V...

Page 191: ...mplemented for CID and Distinctive Ring report only 0x2E Packet Terminator Complex Event Detection Report Implemented for CID and Distinc tive Ring report only 0x2F DTMF tone detection started 0x7E DTMF tone detection ceased R 0x52 Ring incoming 1 0x31 DTMF 1 2 0x32 DTMF 2 3 0x33 DTMF 3 4 0x34 DTMF 4 5 0x35 DTMF 5 6 0x36 DTMF 6 7 0x37 DTMF 7 8 0x38 DTMF 8 9 0x39 DTMF 9 0 0x30 DTMF 0 A 0x41 Extende...

Page 192: ...cted p 0x70 Line voltage increased parallel phone goes on hook DCE monitors loop current when off hook and line voltage when on hook P 0x50 Line voltage decreased parallel phone goes off hook DCE monitors loop current when off hook and line voltage when on hook a 0x61 Fax or data answer DCE has detected T 30 2100 Hz or V 21 1650 Hz answer tone f 0x66 Data answer DCE has detected 2225 Hz USB1 or AC...

Page 193: ...mat is MESG Data Tag Length of Message Data Checksum Type I and II supported TA TB Tone Detector A and B Format is TA tonestate or TB tonestate tonestate 31 16 millisecond timestamp tonestate 15 2 reserved tonestate 1 Tone B detected tonestate 0 Tone A detected Table 128 Voice Mode U Registers Register Address Name Description Default U72 0x0072 CDCCTRL Si3000 Audio Codec Control Interface UB1 0x0...

Page 194: ...IR8 0x0000 U15E 0x015E HTXFIR9 0x0000 U15F 0x015F HTXFIR10 0x0000 U160 0x0160 HTXFIR11 0x0000 U161 0x0161 HTXFIR12 0x0000 U162 0x0162 HTXFIR13 0x0000 U163 0x0163 HTXFIR14 0x0000 U164 0x0164 HTXFIR15 0x0000 U165 0x0165 HTXFIR16 0x0000 U166 0x0166 HTXFIR17 0x0000 U167 0x0167 HTXFIR18 0x0000 U168 0x0168 HTXFIR19 0x0000 U169 0x0169 HTXFIR20 0x0000 U16A 0x016A HTXFIR21 0x0000 Table 128 Voice Mode U Reg...

Page 195: ...RXFIR15 0x0000 U17A 0x017A HRXFIR16 0x0000 U17B 0x017B HRXFIR17 0x0000 U17C 0x017C HRXFIR18 0x0000 U17D 0x017D HRXFIR19 0x0000 U17E 0x017E HRXFIR20 0x0000 U17F 0x017F HRXFIR21 0x0000 U196 0x0196 OUTLIM Output Limiter Threshold 0x5000 U197 0x0197 INLIM Input Limiter Threshold 0x2000 U199 0x0199 VPCTRL This is a bit mapped register U19A 0x019A AECHLEN AEC Filter Length 0x0200 U19B 0x019B AECDLY AEC ...

Page 196: ...TXFIR8 0x0000 U1A8 0x01A8 STXFIR9 0x0000 U1A9 0x01A9 STXFIR10 0x0000 U1AA 0x01AA STXFIR11 0x0000 U1AB 0x01AB STXFIR12 0x0000 U1AC 0x01AC STXFIR13 0x0000 U1AD 0x01AD STXFIR14 0x0000 U1AE 0x01AE STXFIR15 0x0000 U1AF 0x01AF STXFIR16 0x0000 U1B0 0x01B0 STXFIR17 0x0000 U1B1 0x01B1 STXFIR18 0x0000 U1B2 0x01B2 STXFIR19 0x0000 U1B3 0x01B3 STXFIR20 0x0000 U1B4 0x01B4 STXFIR21 0x0000 Table 128 Voice Mode U ...

Page 197: ...0x01BE SRXFIR10 0x4000 U1BF 0x01BF SRXFIR11 0x0000 U1C0 0x01C0 SRXFIR12 0x0000 U1C1 0x01C1 SRXFIR13 0x0000 U1C2 0x01C2 SRXFIR14 0x0000 U1C3 0x01C3 SRXFIR15 0x0000 U1C4 0x01C4 SRXFIR16 0x0000 U1C5 0x01C5 SRXFIR17 0x0000 U1C6 0x01C6 SRXFIR18 0x0000 U1C7 0x01C7 SRXFIR19 0x0000 U1C8 0x01C8 SRXFIR20 0x0000 U1C9 0x01C9 SRXFIR21 0x0000 U1CD 0x01CD LECHLEN LEC Filter Length 0x0020 U1CE 0x01CE LECDLY LEC A...

Page 198: ...n the speakerphone s speaker and microphone levels during speakerphone calibration Table 129 U199 and U19E Register Bit Maps Reg Name Bits 15 9 Bit8 Bit7 Bit6 Bits 4 5 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 U199 VPCTRL SSP_LOCTALK SSP_PTT SSP_FLAG MMUTE SPCAL SMUTE U19E AECREF SPKREF MICREF Table 130 U199 Bit Definitions Bit Name Function 8 SSP_LOCTALK 1 Local talker enabled 0 Remote talker enabled Toggled by DL...

Page 199: ...x VMB Global Voice ISOmodem EVB User s Guide for details Figure 31 illustrates the handset and speakerphone voice path The gain registers in Figure 31 use a 4 12 format with a range of 0x0001 72 247 dB to 0xFFFF 24 082 dB For the Si3000 to DAA gain UB1 and the DAA to Si3000 gain UB5 a value of zero is used to disable the path The Si2494 39 enters voice mode with FCLASS 8 Figure 32 illustrates the ...

Page 200: ...AN93 200 Rev 1 4 Figure 31 TAM Handset and Speakerphone Voice Paths ...

Page 201: ...AN93 Rev 1 4 201 Figure 32 Si3000 Codec Gain and Signal Selection Options ...

Page 202: ...CID2 FDV DTMF 2Tones Speakerphone operation Use VSP 1 to enable AEC LEC and speaker phone FIR filters without side tone gain Only CID2 detector is active Handset operation Use VSP 0 for handset opera tion with handset FIR filters and side tone gain All the detectors are active Same as VLS 15 without TAM operation Si3000 DAA RS232 DAA RS232 Si3000 14 H On Hook Ring CID1 FDV DTMF 2Tones TAM operatio...

Page 203: ...FCLASS 0 VLS 0 ATZ or DTR off D3 ON HK VNH 0 FCLASS 0 ON HK VNH 0 FCLASS 0 ON HK VNH 0 FCLASS 0 ON HK VNH 0 FCLASS 0 VLS 0 ON HK VNH 0 FCLASS 0 VLS 0 ON HK VNH 0 FCLASS 0 VLS 0 Key Abort ON HK OFF HK OFF HK ON HK VLS 0 ON HK VLS 0 ON HK VLS 0 DCE Initiated disconnects ON HK OFF HK OFF HK ON HK OFF HK OFF HK FCLASS 8 FCLASS 8 Go to IDLE Keep HK FCLASS 8 Go to IDLE Keep HK VNH 0 FCLASS 8 Go to IDLE ...

Page 204: ...odem voice path is configured for half duplex audio with speakerphone algorithm disabled The Si3000 audio transmit and receive path is muted unmuted to allow half duplex control for proper TAM operations Side tone is disabled Handset TX RX coefficients are applied The Si3000 is using the LINEI and LINEO signals with hands free TAM gain settings 7 3 3 2 TAM Handset This is variation to the TAM Hand...

Page 205: ...ontrol register specified in bits 11 8 to be read and stored in the lower byte of the U72 register In this command xx don t care The command AT R72 reads the U72 register value the lower byte of which is the current value of Si3000 control register 5 See the U Register section for additional information on the use of U72 and the AT command section for additional information on writing and reading ...

Page 206: ...m disabled Side tone is disabled Handset TX RX coefficients are applied The Si3000 is using the LINEI and LINEO signals with speakerphone gain settings This mode is supported by the Si2418 29 36 38 parts Figure 33 System Voice Modes Handset Speakerphone TAM Hands Free TAM PSTN Initialize RING Answer On On Hook Event numerous S P B u t t o n O n E v e n t Handset Raised Event SP Button On Event H a...

Page 207: ...patch commands AT U199 A OK Mute the microphone and speaker paths to the codec ATE0 FCLASS 8 OK Disable local AT command echo and enter voice mode Limited V 253 event reporting enabled with default setting of VLS 0 AT VLS 0 OK Disable voice mode Used as a transi tion point between non zero VLS voice modes AT VLS 14 OK Setup on hook TAM voice mode See Table 131 on page 202 for details AT Y254 W59 1...

Page 208: ...1 00AA 00B1 0041 OK AT U1A0 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 OK Set Speakerphone Transmit FIR coeffi cients AT U1A7 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 OK AT U1AE 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 4000 OK AT U1B5 0173 0273 045A 043B 0121 FD54 FE41 OK Set Speakerphone Receive FIR coeffi cients AT U1BC 0197 0543 FD03 30D6 FD03 0543 0197 OK AT U1C3 FE41 FD54 0121 043B 045A 0273 0173 OK AT U72 0108 OK Co...

Page 209: ... through a local VTS ring tone and a raised handset event would prompt the Handset Configuration sequence to answer the call The UB1 UB5 UB6 and Si3000 register configuration vary with the customer s production hardware The UB5 register serves as the general volume control in this mode AT U72 075E OK Configure Si3000 Register 7 0 dB RX PGA gain Enable SPKRL Mute SPKRR AT U72 0900 OK Configure Si30...

Page 210: ...r 1 Enable speaker driver Disable line output driver Disable telephone instrument driver Enable MBIAS output AT U72 05B3 OK Configure Si3000 Register 5 10 dB Line In gain Mute Line In 20 dB MIC input gain Enable MIC input Mute telephone instrument input Enable IIR filter AT U72 065C OK Configure Si3000 Register 6 0 dB RX PGA gain Disable Line Out Disable telephone instrument output AT U72 075E OK ...

Page 211: ...usy a DLE b event will be sent to the host After connection the host will receive DLE q events during quiet periods of no voice Table 136 Handset Manual Off Hook Dial Host to Modem Commands Data Modem to Host Result Codes Data Local Modem Actions AT VTS 697 1209 20 OK The user is free to dial manually using the VTS com mands to create the DTMF digits Generate DTMF 1 digit for 200 ms Generate DTMF ...

Page 212: ...K Disable Si3000 to DAA transmit gain path This ensures codec tones are not sent to the FDV and DTMF AT U0B5 0 OK Disable DAA to Si3000 receive gain path This ensures line events such as CID and ring are not heard via the codec AT U72 0108 OK Configure Si3000 Register 1 Disable speaker driver Enable line output driver Disable telephone instrument driver Disable MBIAS output AT U72 05D7 OK Configur...

Page 213: ... paths to the codec AT U72 0108 OK Configure Si3000 Register 1 Disable speaker driver Enable line output driver Disable telephone instrument driver Disable MBIAS output AT U72 05D7 OK Configure Si3000 Register 5 20 dB Line In gain Enable Line In 20 dB MIC input gain Mute MIC input Mute telephone instrument input Enable IIR filter AT U72 065E OK Configure Si3000 Register 6 0 dB RX PGA gain Enable L...

Page 214: ...e Idle The modem will use the events listed in Table 126 on page 191 to communicate status The DLE R event indicates ring detection The VTS command can be used to play one or more single dual tone sequences If enabled Type I CID is decoded after the first ring and sent via a complex DLE event report See Table 140 for details Based upon the TAM answer function settings a ring counter will validate ...

Page 215: ...voice driver will need to track the OGM format with the OGM PCM file AT VTS 1000 0 100 OK Play user record tone prompt AT U199 8 OK Mute speaker to avoid echo speakerphone algorithm off AT U199 FFFD OK Enable microphone for OGM recording AT VRX CONNECT Trigger receive operation The first byte after the new line character following the CONNECT message will be the first data stream byte Voice Stream...

Page 216: ...uence 7 6 3 TAM Handset Using the handset to record the OGM will result in better message quality The handset can also be used to screen messages in private The host will need to correctly process the Handset Raised Event to keep the modem on hook during record review operations 7 6 3 1 Record OGM The host will prompt the user to lift the handset to begin OGM recording The procedure restores the T...

Page 217: ...elephone instrument output AT U72 075E OK Configure Si3000 Register 7 0 dB RX PGA gain Enable SPKRL Mute SPKRR AT U72 0900 OK Configure Si3000 Register 9 0 dB Line Out attenuation 0 dB Speaker output attenuation AT VGR 128 OK Set the Si3000 to RS232 receive gain UC0 for TAM Hands Free AT U0B1 0500 OK Restore Si3000 to DAA transmit gain path to allow voice samples to reach FDV block for silence det...

Page 218: ...t timeout or silence event can trigger the DLE transmis sion AT U0B1 0 OK Disable Si3000 to DAA transmit gain path This ensures codec tones are not sent to the FDV and DTMF AT U199 A OK Mute the microphone and speaker paths to the codec AT U72 0108 OK Configure Si3000 Register 1 Disable speaker driver Enable line output driver Disable telephone instrument driver Disable MBIAS output AT U72 05D7 OK...

Page 219: ...e and speaker paths to the codec AT U72 0110 OK Configure Si3000 Register 1 Enable speaker driver Disable line output driver Disable telephone instrument driver Enable MBIAS output AT U72 05B3 OK Configure Si3000 Register 5 10 dB Line In gain Mute Line In 20 dB MIC input gain Enable MIC input Mute telephone instrument input Enable IIR filter AT U72 065C OK Configure Si3000 Register 6 0 dB RX PGA g...

Page 220: ...n to command mode AT U199 A OK Mute the microphone and speaker paths to the codec AT U72 0108 OK Configure Si3000 Register 1 Disable speaker driver Enable line output driver Disable telephone instrument driver Disable MBIAS output AT U72 05D7 OK Configure Si3000 Register 5 20 dB Line In gain Enable Line In 20 dB MIC input gain Mute MIC input Mute telephone instrument input Enable IIR filter AT U72...

Page 221: ...rmal Answer OGM Playback with ICM Record Table 145 TAM PSTN Normal Answer OGM Playback with ICM Record Host to Modem Commands Data Modem to Host Result Codes Data Local Modem Actions DLE R Ring Detection AT VTS 700 500 80 OK Play local ring tone DLE X CIDM DATE 0101 TIME 0110 NMBR 102 NAME JONES JENNIFER DLE Receive Type I CID DLE complex report DLE R Ring Detection AT VTS 700 500 80 OK Play local...

Page 222: ...000 0 100 OK Play user record tone prompt AT U0B5 0200 OK Restore DAA to Si3000 receive gain path This will allow call screening of the ICM AT U199 FFF7 OK Enable speaker for call screening of the ICM AT VRX CONNECT Trigger receive operation The first byte after the newline character following the CONNECT message will be the first data stream byte Voice Stream Receive ICM voice stream During voice...

Page 223: ...4 OK Setup on hook TAM voice mode See Table 131 on page 202 for details Table 146 TAM PSTN Interrupted Answer OGM Playback with DTMF Menu Entry Host to Modem Commands Data Modem to Host Result Codes Data Local Modem Actions DLE R Ring Detection AT VTS 700 500 80 OK Play local ring tone DLE X CIDM DATE 0101 TIME 0110 NMBR 102 NAME JONES JENNIFER DLE Receive Type I CID DLE complex report DLE R Ring ...

Page 224: ...VTX before transmit data are seen Voice Stream Transmit OGM voice stream During voice stream capture the user can adjust the UB3 value via the DLE u and DLE d commands The host voice driver will need track the number of adjust ments and update the VGT value for future use DLE DLE 1 DLE DTMF 1 digit detected DLE DLE 2 DLE DTMF 2 digit detected DLE DLE 3 DLE DTMF 3 digit detected DLE DLE 4 DLE DTMF ...

Page 225: ...mercial reference platform to have the same speaker loudness and microphone sensitivity relative to those of the active reference system To calibrate the speakerphone gains so that the AEC DTD input signal levels are ensured for optimal AEC AES DTD performance The external analog gains on the Si24xx VMB should be finalized before the performing the speakerphone calibration 7 7 2 1 Transmit Gain Ca...

Page 226: ...ll the remote phone and establish a voice call Use the command sequence in Table 147 Place the same sound source at a distance of one foot from the speakerphone s microphone Play out the same white noise as the near end speech through the sound source and adjust the transmit gain UB1 so that the level at the Si24xx Tip Ring is 15 dBm Record the calibrated UB1 value Figure 35 Transmit Gain Configur...

Page 227: ...IAS output AT U72 0597 OK Configure Si3000 Register 5 10 dB Line In gain Enable Line In 20 dB MIC input gain Mute MIC input Mute telephone instrument input Enable IIR filter AT U72 065E OK Configure Si3000 Register 6 0 dB RX PGA gain Enable Line Out Disable telephone instrument output AT U72 075E OK Configure Si3000 Register 7 0 dB RX PGA gain Enable SPKRL Mute SPKRR AT U72 0900 OK Configure Si300...

Page 228: ...ure the speaker loudness by using a sound meter preferred or a PC microphone to record the sound level at a distance of one foot from the speakerphone s speaker Record the white noise level and speaker level loudness and then disconnect the call Figure 36 Receive Gain Reference Measurements Figure 37 illustrates the setup used to set the transmit gain Here the modem has the AEC AES disabled with A...

Page 229: ...phone input energy The energy value is computed from average s t 2 Send the white noise from the remote phone so that the energy level at the meter Tip and Ring is 15dBm Use the AT R19E command to read the contents of the U19E register Adjust the AEC gain U19C of the speaker reference signal until SPKREF reaches a value as close to 0x38 as possible Adjust the AEC gain U19D of the microphone input ...

Page 230: ...te MIC input Mute telephone instrument input Enable IIR filter AT U72 065E OK Configure Si3000 Register 6 0 dB RX PGA gain Enable Line Out Disable telephone instrument output AT U72 075E OK Configure Si3000 Register 7 0 dB RX PGA gain Enable SPKRL Mute SPKRR AT U72 0900 OK Configure Si3000 Register 9 0 dB Line Out attenuation 0 dB Speaker output attenuation AT UB1 xxxx OK Use calibrated value from...

Page 231: ... mode Used as a transition point between non zero VLS voice modes AT VLS 13 OK Setup off hook voice mode See Table 131 on page 202 for details This command will switch the modem to off hook state AT U0B1 0500 OK Restore Si3000 to DAA transmit gain path AT U0B5 0200 OK Restore DAA to Si3000 receive gain path AT U72 0108 OK Configure Si3000 Register 1 Disable speaker driver Enable line output driver...

Page 232: ...phone level thresholds which determine whether remote speech or local speech is active The thresholds are defined in U1D6 and U1D7 Typical values for the speaker and microphone thresholds are 0x400 and 0x400 respectively These thresholds are not affected by the speaker and microphone control gains UB5 and UB1 Set the holding time which is the time that the SSP holds the current mode after the sign...

Page 233: ...d Disable break through AT U199 40 OK Enable SSP configure for automatic switch mode Table 152 Speakerphone Automatic Tone Dial Host to Modem Commands Data Modem to Host Result Codes Data Local Modem Actions ATDT102 OK Perform automatic tone dial of 102 Modem will return OK The user will not receive DLE events for dial tone ring back busy and quiet since the detectors are disabled See Table 131 fo...

Page 234: ... Host Result Codes Data Local Modem Actions ATDP102 OK Perform automatic pulse dial of 102 Modem will return OK The user will not receive DLE events for dial tone ring back busy and quiet since the detectors are disabled See Table 136 on page 211 for details on active detectors Table 155 Speakerphone to Handset Transition Host to Modem Commands Data Modem to Host Result Codes Data Local Modem Acti...

Page 235: ... end users talk ETX End of Text 0x03 ICM Incoming Message LEC Line Echo Canceller of speakerphone OGM Outgoing Message PSTN Public Switch Telephone Network Single Talk Either the near end or far end user talks TAM Telephone Answering Machine 7 9 References ITU T G 711 Pulse code modulation PCM of voice frequencies 11 1998 ITU T G 726 40 32 24 16 kbit s adaptive differential pulse code modulation A...

Page 236: ... 2 to modem This will keep the modem off hook when the host clears down the FSK data connection using ATH 2 After the modem has negotiated a Listen in period using the SIA protocol in Bell 103 the host clears down the FSK data link with ATH 3 The host issues AT VNH 2 to the modem again to maintain off hook status for next cleardown 4 The host then issues AT FCLASS 8 followed by the usual Si3000 vo...

Page 237: ...NH 0 per V 253 The host must issue a second ATH to put the modem back in on hook idle state Alternatively the host could issue a AT VNH 0 then ATH or AT VNH 0 H Table 156 lists the AT Commands provided to support SIA Level 3 Protocol communication Table 156 AT Commands Provided to Support SIA Level 3 Protocol Communication AT Command Modem Function Remarks AT F0 Enable B103 Transmitter for Data Bl...

Page 238: ...ACK detection Detect and report ACK or NACK to DTE OK for ACK and ERROR for NACK A NACK will be reported if no valid signal is detected within 2 5 seconds AT F3 Transmit Tonal ACK Transmit Space for 600 ms Send OK prompt to DTE when done AT F4 Transmit Tonal NACK Transmit Mark for 600 ms Send OK prompt to DTE when done AT F5 Transmit Tonal ACK with reverse chan nel command Transmit Space for 600 m...

Page 239: ...K mode CONNECT means that the modem is in the data passing state ready to receive or transmit data Note there is an extra space character between the letter T and the carriage return delimiter In V 32bis mode CONNECT is followed by the DCE connection speed e g CONNECT 14400 RING Incoming ring Modem should answer the incoming call the host can command this with ATA NO CARRIER Connection is terminat...

Page 240: ...ontact ID Protocol A transaction begins with the transmitter calling the receiver The receiver goes off hook and acknowledges that it is ready to receive data by producing the handshake tone sequence 1400 Hz tone for 100 ms Pause for 100 ms 2300 Hz tone for 100 ms The frequency tolerance on the handshake tones is 3 The tolerance on tone and pause times is 5 Transmitters have a frequency tolerance ...

Page 241: ...acters as it receives two DTMF tones 1 and 2 There are 2 preamble and 1 postamble characters in this example Table 158 Ademco Contact ID Protocol Tone Transmission AT Commands DTMF Digit Low Tone Hz High Tone Hz Contact ID Digit Contact ID Digit Value AT Command 0 941 1336 0 10 AT VTS 941 1336 10 1 697 1209 1 1 AT VTS 697 1209 10 2 697 1336 2 2 AT VTS 697 1336 10 3 697 1477 3 3 AT VTS 697 1447 10 ...

Page 242: ... mode 2 AT R48 0064 OK DTE reads and records what is the normal tone off duration for DTMF dialing This parameter is country dependent This parameter will be modified for Data Tones transmission later 3 AT FCLASS 8 OK Put modem into V 253 voice mode 4 AT U181 78 0 0 1C OK Set up 1400 Hz detector to detect 100 msec Hand shake tone burst 5 ATDnnnnnnn OK Call RECEIVER station 6 AT VTD 5 U48 32 OK Cha...

Page 243: ...end of transmission 13 Wait for Kissoff tone 14 1 25 seconds has elapsed But modem still has not reported DLE c to DTE 15 AT Y254 Q83FB 01AF OK Check to see if start of a Kissoff Tone has been detected If 83FB returns a non zero value e g 01AF as illustrated here it means the start of Kissoff tone is detected Modem will send DLE c to DTE after it has verified that the Kissoff Tone burst duration i...

Page 244: ...39 Figure 39 SMS Message Format As shown in the figure an SMS frame follows one of two protocols Protocol 1 or Protocol 2 Protocol 1 frames begin with the Mark signal while Protocol 2 frames start with the Channel Seizure CS signal Otherwise the two protocols are identical The Originate modem is configured to transmit in one of the two protocols at the beginning of a call The Answer modem recogniz...

Page 245: ...o on hook when NO CAR RIER is received due to ESC or character abort Enables an opportunity to retransmit data in case receiver does not respond DTXXXX OK Originate modem dials XXXX then goes back into command mode DT OK Answer modem picks up the line and goes back into command mode FRM 200 CONNECT 1 or CONNECT 2 Receive modem goes into data mode and waits for FSK data from Transmit modem response...

Page 246: ...AT FCLASS 256 r 110 E r nOK r n 0 S AT UCA 0 90 70 r 100 E r nOK r n 0 S AT D3 r 0 E r nOK r n 0 C AT D3 works with UAA 2 0 0 S AT UAA 0 r 0 E r nOK r n 0 S AT U70 8000 r 100 E r nOK r n 0 C CAS tone energy threshold 0 C AT UD4 100 r 100 C UD4 7FFFh CAS detection is disabled 0 S AT UD4 7FFF r 0 E r nOK r n 0 S AT U7A 4000 r 100 E r nOK r n 0 S AT UD7 3C r 100 E r nOK r n 0 S AT ITF 383 128 0 r 0 E...

Page 247: ...1a x1b x1c x1d x1e x1f 0 S 0 0 S 123456789 0 S ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOP 0 S QRSTUVWXYZ _ 0 S abcdefghijklmnop 0 S qrstuvwxyz x7f x80 0 S x81 x82 x83 x84 x85 x86 x87 x88 x89 x8a x8b x8c x8d x8e x8f x90 0 S x91 x92 x93 x94 x95 x96 x97 x98 x99 x9a x9b x9c x9d x9e x9f xa0 0 S xa1 xa2 xa3 xa4 xa5 xa6 xa7 xa8 xa9 xaa xab xac xad xae xaf xb0 0 S xb1 xb2 xb3 xb4 xb5 xb6 xb7 xb8 xb9 xba xbb xbc xbd xbe xbf xc0 0 S...

Page 248: ... Bell202 1 V 23 0 UCB 15 0 TXCS Number of channel seizure bits 0 no Channel Seizure 1 to 65535 number of continuous alternating spaces and marks in Channel Seizure 2580 UCC 7 0 TXMK Number of mark bits in message header 2580 UCD 0 CASRPT Respond to CAS don t report to the host Auto or do report to the host Manual 0 Auto Mode 1 Manual Mode 0 UD1 11 0 TXDEL Time the Originate modem waits before tran...

Page 249: ...one signal 2130 Hz 2750 Hz CAS ACK is a DTMF D The terminal modem connects to the server which sends CAS tones until it times out or the terminal modem replies to the server with CAS ACK The threshold for the modem s CAS tone energy detector is set by CTDT which has a default value of 500h The CAS tone must have a minimum duration of 30 ms to guarantee detection CAS detection is enabled by setting...

Page 250: ...o have more control A modem reports to its host with the string CAS when it detects CAS tones The modem waits for the host to reply with the ASCII character D then it responds to the other modem with CAS ACK If the host sends any character other than D the modem returns to the command mode immediately without sending CAS ACK and replies to the host with DLE ETX This allows the host to send any DTM...

Page 251: ... 2 Response 1 If the frame had not been received within the time specified in RxTimeout the modem response to the host would be DLE ETX CR LF NO CARRIER CR LF 9 2 2 3 Response 2 If the frame had been received with a mark segment at beginning of frame the modem would respond to the host with CONNECT 1 CR LF Frame Data Received DLE ETX CR LF OK CR LF No frame checking would be done by the modem all ...

Page 252: ...e after dialing The modem will issue an OK after dialing transmit AT UD1 3C CR Set TxDelay 600ms waitfor OK transmit AT UD2 3E8 CR Wait 10 s for an answer waitfor OK transmit AT FRM 200 CR Go into data mode and wait for Originate modem The length of the timeout is dependent on the host called Once the connection is made the answer modem s host expects to receive a frame such as 0x81 0x00 0x05 0x13...

Page 253: ...0 0x68 transmit x10 x03 Send DLE ETX at the end of frame waitfor OK x0d x0a Figure 40 Diagram of Handshake Using CAS CAS ACK and Message Packet Exchange POS Server Send FSK Packet CAS Send FSK Packet CAS Ack Complete the CAS Handshake Send FSK Packet TS1 TS3 TS5 TS4 TD3 TS2 TD1 TD2 ...

Page 254: ...half duplex ATDTxxxx ATDT O A AT FRM 200 Pr otocol AT FTM 201 AT FTM 202 1 2 Data received from Host N Data received from Host N 80 bits of mark Host sends message followed by 150 ms of silence then ESC Y 80 bits of mark Host sends message followed by 150 ms of silence then ESC 300 bits channel seizure alternating 1 s 0 s Y ESC to Command Mode Send Marks N CONNECT n n 1 or 2 ESC to Command Mode Se...

Page 255: ...it board after replacing a component or soldering any connection Reset the Modem Make sure the modem is reset after the power and clocks are applied and stable 10 1 3 Basic Troubleshooting Steps Check the Power With power off use an ohmmeter to verify that the system ground is connected to ISOmodem pin 6 Turn on system power and measure the voltage between pin 5 and pin 6 and between pin 21 and pi...

Page 256: ... 1 6 Si3018 10 Troubleshooting If the modem does not go off hook and draw loop current as a result of giving the ATH1 command and receiving an OK message begin troubleshooting with the isolation capacitor at the ISOmodem First check all solder joints on the isolation capacitors Si3018 10 and associated external components If no problems are found proceed to 10 1 5 Isolation Capacitor Troubleshooti...

Page 257: ...pacitor Troubleshooting Connect the evaluation board isolation capacitor to Prototype Modem Si3018 10 Remove C1 on the evaluation board and on the prototype system Solder one end of the evaluation board C1 to the ISOmodem side pad leaving the other end of C1 unconnected Next solder a short jumper wire from the unconnected side of C1 on the evaluation board to the Si3018 10 side C1 pad on the proto...

Page 258: ...sual and the prototype modem is not working replace the Si3018 10 Figure 42 Test the Host Interface Figure 43 Test the Prototype Modem Host Controller Host UART Si24xx Si3018 Discretes RS232 Transceiver Si24xx Si3018 Discretes EVB Prototype System To Phone Line Connect prototype system ground to EVB ground Disable RS232 transceiver outputs check evaluation board data sheet Disconnect prototype mod...

Page 259: ... C2 Connect the phone line to the RJ11 jack on the prototype system Use PC and HyperTerm and attempt to establish a modem connection PC C2 C1 C2 Prototype System C1 To Phone Line Host Controller Host UART Si24xx Si3018 Discretes RS232 Transceiver Si24xx Si3018 Discretes EVB Connect the prototype ground to the EVB ground Lift prototype and EVB C1 and C2 to decouple the line side from the DSP side D...

Page 260: ... Pin 11 0 Pin 12 2 M Pin 13 5 M Pin 14 14 M Pin 16 5 M On Hook 0 V 1 0 V 2 3 V 0 9 V 0 5 V 0 V 0 V 0 V QE RNG1 VREG C2B C1B IB RX DCT 0 V 1 0 V 0 V 0 V 0 V 0 V 0 V DCT2 RNG2 VREG2 S2 QE2 QB DCT3 IGND Off Hook 1 6 V 1 0 V 2 3 V 0 9 V 0 5 V 0 V 2 5 V 3 4 V QE RNG1 VREG C2B CIB FB RX DCT 2 2 V 0 9 V 1 8 V 0 V 2 1 V 2 8 V 1 6 V 0 V DCT2 RNG2 VREG2 SC QE2 QB DCT3 IGND Voltages measured with respect to ...

Page 261: ... C9 20 M Note If two values are given the resistance measured is dependent on polarity Table 165 Voltages across Components with Diode Checker Component Voltage Q1 Q3 Q4 Q5 Base red lead to Emitter black lead Base red lead to Collector black lead Verifies transistors are NPN 0 6 V 0 6 V Q2 Emitter red lead to Base black lead Collector red lead to Base black lead Verifies transistor is PNP 0 6 V 0 ...

Page 262: ...with ATH The AT T2 command initiates a test loop from the DSP through the DAA interface circuit of the ISOmodem Transmit data are returned to the DSP through the receive channel In the parallel or SPI mode the transmit data are passed to the receiver via Hardware Interface Register 0 AT T2 tests only the Si24xx chip not the Si3018 10 The AT T3 command initiates a test loop from the DSP through the...

Page 263: ...ing through a relay Caller ID testing requires special test equipment such as the Rochelle 3500 or Advent AI 150 Many manufacturers choose to use built in self test features such as the T3 Loopback test described above Others do a complete functional test of the modem by originating and answering a call and successfully passing a data file in each direction This process tests the modem and line si...

Page 264: ...ived and sent files Figure 49 illustrates this test configuration Figure 49 V 90 Modem Functional Test Connection Table 166 compares the coverage of T2 T3 and full bidirectional functional testing Table 166 Test Coverage Circuit or Function T2 T3 Functional Test Si24xx chip Yes Yes Yes ISOcap Operation Yes Yes Yes Si3018 10 Operation Yes Yes Hookswitch Yes Yes dc Termination Yes Yes Bridge Yes Yes...

Page 265: ...the existing H command Transmission continues until the ATH command is sent after escape Table 167 AT Commands for Compliance Testing AT Command Test Method Desired Response ATH1 Continuous off hook ATH0 Return on hook AT Hn see command description for n Set modulation AT T3 requires load and loop current Turn on carrier originate Set S10 255 to keep the modem under test from hanging up after the ...

Page 266: ...o output the V 29 modulation with transmit data The FTM command includes additional codes given in Table 169 to initiate output with the transmit data specified in S40 The AT FCLASS 0 command must be sent before any other analoop test or connection is made The modem must remain on hook for a time programmed in S register 50 Any attempt to go off hook is delayed by this time in 1 s units S 50 defau...

Page 267: ...y line side high voltage component or trace and system side low voltage component or trace greater than 8 mm Also the spacing between any line side component or trace or through hole lead extending through the PCB and the chassis or anything connected to the chassis or low voltage circuitry must be greater than 8 mm or protected with insulating material capable of withstanding a voltage greater th...

Page 268: ...es and error rates A good EMI common mode filter may be necessary in some situations An example of an off the shelf unit designed to plug directly into the phone line is the Coilcraft TRF RJ11 which can be used for debugging or fixing problem locations Figure 51 Published Coilcraft TRF RJ11 Filter Performance ...

Page 269: ...d records details of DTE DCE interaction Hexadecimal and bit shifted views are possible and it timestamps every character exchanged with much greater precision than a software based monitor It is sold by FETEST at http www fetest com Figure 52 Debugging the DTE Interface To PC Printer Port To Power To DCE Silabs IsoModem eval board Feline WinXL serial transaction log Timestamp of highlighted char ...

Page 270: ...s well The primary method by which V 22bis terminals achieve a shorter connection time has been through the use of a shorter answer tone V 29 FastPOS is a Hypercom proprietary protocol based on the V 29 Fax standard For these reasons EPOS applications often require some amount of reverse engineering and fine tuning of the ISOmodem performance typically with a patch Recently improvements to the ove...

Page 271: ...ossibility that the host would be sending 0x99 when the intention is to be sending the 0x19 special character The EM character is really a shortcut for saying 0x19 or 0x99 The XON and XOFF characters are 0x11 and 0x13 respectively These characters are treated in a special way by many UARTs and therefore V 80 must ensure that neither 0x11 or 0x13 occur in the data stream so that a lower protocol la...

Page 272: ...xFF 0x19 0xA0 0x19 0xB1 At the UART interface at TXD the bit representation is strt 0xFF stp stp 0x19 stp strt 0xA0 stp strt 0x19 stp strt 0xB1 1 0 11111111 1 0 10001001 1 0 00000101 1 0 10001001 1 0 10001101 The modem strips off the start and stop bits and reconstructs the original bytes 0xFF 0x19 0xA0 0x19 0xB1 The transparency characters are resolved and since the EM flag is present the Frame C...

Page 273: ...a or HDLC flags it is possible to command the modem to operate without these tones by setting bit 15 of U80 The modem then begins transmitting scrambled data or HDLC Flags some time after the end of dialing based on the value in U80 14 0 The units are in 1 600 s For example to command the modem to begin transmitting 3 s after the end of dialing set AT U80 8708 When operating as V 29 Fast Connect U...

Page 274: ... to set up and use the modem for V 29 FastPOS and also provides a sample program along with both a DTE trace and WAV files that capture what is happening at both ends of the modem The only critical signals that are not recorded below but obviously controlled in the program are the RTS and DTR lines The hardware used was the Engineering Eval Board Rev 3 2 and a 24xx2G DC Rev 1 2 module containing a...

Page 275: ... to use the program This program is meant to run for only a few minutes for testing It is run after a reset is done loads a patch from patch txt and calls using the atdt line it finds in tel_no txt Both files need to terminate in CR LF The tel_no txt file must contain a complete telephone number dialing line followed by a CR e g ATDT8 5551212 V29_test cpp Defines the entry point for the console ap...

Page 276: ...SendPatch AssertDTR true Leave DTR asserted for calling cpInputRd SendAndWaitFor atz r cpInputRd OK r n 300 A soft reset Just in case Delay 300 Important AN93 implies this delay must be done after an ATZ cpInputRd SendAndWaitFor ATE0 r cpInputRd OK r n 300 cpInputRd_temp SendAndWaitFor AT T6 r cpInputRd OK r n 300 Get the patch CRC printf s n cpInputRd cpInputRd cpInputRd_temp Display the patch CR...

Page 277: ... FCLASS 1 HDLC cpInputRd SendAndWaitFor AT N0 r cpInputRd OK r n 300 cpInputRd SendAndWaitFor AT ES 6 8 r cpInputRd OK r n 300 cpInputRd SendAndWaitFor AT ESA 0 0 0 1 r cpInputRd OK r n 300 cpInputRd SendAndWaitFor AT U1D4 4000 r cpInputRd OK r n 300 cpInputRd SendAndWaitFor AT UAA 8004 r cpInputRd OK r n 300 U7A 0 1 Fast Connect U7A 3 1 V29FC U7A 13 1 RTS half duplex UAA 4 Enables V29FC rude disc...

Page 278: ...3000 Rx RR message iLength strlen cpInput_test for int i 0 i iLength i printf 02x unsigned char cpInput_test i printf d cpInputRd Alternatively use CTS Delay 150 do flush out the bytes for last RX packets BOOL bError ReadFile hCom cpInputWr 1 ulNoOfbytes 0 ulNoOfbytes 1 printf 02x unsigned char cpInputWr 0 while ulNoOfbytes printf n AssertRTS true printf RTS 1 Tx RTS 1 for transmitting Delay 50 mo...

Page 279: ...SR output flow control dcb fDtrControl DTR_CONTROL_ENABLE DTR flow control type dcb fDsrSensitivity FALSE DSR sensitivity dcb fTXContinueOnXoff TRUE XOFF continues Tx dcb fOutX FALSE No XON XOFF out flow control dcb fInX FALSE No XON XOFF in flow control dcb fErrorChar FALSE Disable error replacement dcb fNull FALSE Disable null stripping dcb fRtsControl RTS_CONTROL_ENABLE assert RTS dcb fAbortOnE...

Page 280: ...ert wait time in ms s to clock_t by mutiplying by CLOCKS_PER_SEC 1000 clock_t sWaitTime clock_t iTimeOutInMs CLOCKS_PER_SEC 1000 int iPasses 0 int iCharCnt 0 set to 0 while 1 char cTemp cpInputWr cpInputWr 0 char cpFound strstr cpInputBuffer cpResponse cpInputWr cTemp if cpFound copy the received bytes for late display strncpy cpInput_test cpInputBuffer iCharCnt cpInput_test iCharCnt 0 return cpFo...

Page 281: ...t cpInput_test iCharCnt 0 copy the received bytes for late display return cpInputBuffer we exit with the same input string we came in with because we time out void AssertRTS bool bAssert BOOL bSuccess if bAssert dcb fRtsControl RTS_CONTROL_ENABLE assert RTS else dcb fRtsControl RTS_CONTROL_DISABLE dis assert RTS bSuccess SetCommState hCom dcb if bSuccess Handle the error printf SetCommState failed...

Page 282: ...ndWaitFor AT T7 r cpInputRd OK r n 300 Reset the modem printf Current s n cpInputRd cpInputRd cpInputRd_temp printf Loading patch s n fnamePatch if hpPatchFile fopen fnamePatch rb NULL fprintf stderr The Patch File is missing n exit 1 AssertRTS true cpInputRd SendAndWaitFor ATE1 r cpInputRd OK r n 300 bool bValidLine true while bValidLine bValidLine GetFileTextLine caOutGoing if bValidLine cpInput...

Page 283: ... FALSE when at end of file Stops after first LF bool GetFileTextLine char cpIn cpIn 0 char cpInChar 8 cpInChar 1 0 while feof hpPatchFile cpInChar 0 fgetc hpPatchFile strcat cpIn cpInChar if cpInChar n return TRUE return FALSE ...

Page 284: ...w to capture wave files RTS not RTS signal V 29 Calling Tone Answer Tone 2225 Hz Calling modem is receiving and sends to the DTE Connect Packet EM 0xBE 0x24 0x24 EM B1 Then the SNRM Packet 0x30 0x93 EM 0xB1 DTE sends the calling modem a UA packet to transmit 0x30 0x73 EM 0xB1 Calling modem is receiving Sends a Tx abort to DTE EM 0xB2 Then the received RR packet 30 EM 0xA0 EM B1 DTE sends the calli...

Page 285: ... a t g c i B 5 CR A T D 2 x 4 DCE CR LF O K CR LF DTE V 2 c 0 V 1 I F C 0 2 CR A DCE CR LF O K CR LF DTE T N 0 F C L A S S 1 CR A T U DCE CR LF O K CR LF DTE A A 8 0 0 4 CR A T E S 6 8 DCE CR LF O K CR LF CR DTE CR A T E S A 0 0 0 1 CR DCE LF O K CR LF CR LF O K CR LF DTE A T U 8 7 0 5 0 A CR A DCE CR LF O K CR LF DTE T U 7 A 1 CR A T D T 8 0 1 1 5 DCE CR LF C O N N E C T CR LF DTE 5 1 1 5 8 5 3 2...

Page 286: ...calling a specific server or modem This implies the hardware is functional and the issues most likely involve the negotiations between the modems during connect and retrain One way to rule out the possibility of a hardware problem is to call the server or modem where the connect issue is found using the Silicon Labs EVB module Times When Audio Recording May Not Help Some signals are exceptions and...

Page 287: ...aking the Recording Use the following procedure 1 Open an application that records an audio input signal and saves it to a file The preferred format is PCM wav MP3 mp3 is also acceptable 2 To reduce the size of the resulting file set the sample rate to 8000 Hz resolution to 16 bits single channel mono If further compression is desired companding A law µ law can be done but higher forms of compress...

Page 288: ...useful view The graphs below show time on the horizontal axis and either wave energy in dB or Frequency in Hz on the vertical scale In the frequency display the color of the wave indicates the energy at that combination of elapsed time and frequency The color scheme is programmable It is typical in the temporal view to see a dc offset until one applies a high pass filter a step that is rarely nece...

Page 289: ...ws for finer and coarser vertical frequency resolution at the cost of time domain uncertainty Figures 57 and 58 depict the same wave files but with 256 bands versus 2048 bands One can see better timing details in one graph compared with the other The 256 band spectral display shown in Figure 57 shows the fine timing details of the protocol but with poor frequency resolution The 2048 band spectral ...

Page 290: ...AN93 290 Rev 1 4 Figure 57 256 Band Spectral Display Figure 58 2048 Band Spectral Display ...

Page 291: ...ssively high level One can see clipping in the time domain and numerous distortion products in the frequency domain Figure 60 Recording Made with AGC Noise Reduction The above recording was made with AGC Noise Reduction still enabled as can be seen from the gradual level drop in the time domain graph at the start of V 22 negotiations It also shows evidence of a microphone being used instead of the...

Page 292: ...s Some of these are described in a later section Figure 61 Appearance of Bell 212 Protocol Figure 62 Appearance of V 22 Protocol Answering modem s Scambled Binary Ones and Scrambled Data visually indis tinguishable from each other Calling modem s Scrambled Binary Ones and Scrambled Data visually indis tinguishable from each other DTMF dialing Bell 212 2225 Hz Answer Tone Unscrambled Binary Scrambl...

Page 293: ...ram bled Data visually indistinguishable from each other Answering modem s scrambled binary ones and scrambled data visually indis tinguishable from each other Unscrambled Binary Ones USB1 signal Two tones at 2250 and 2850 Hz 2100 Hz Answer Tone The three short horizontal lines are the S1 signal that triggers V 22bis train ing The S1 signal is an unscrambled double digit 00 01 Caller Responds with...

Page 294: ... A receiving modem recognizes that the calling modem is V 29 capable by detecting the V 29 calling tone at 980 Hz Another example with some more SDLC oriented data is provided later in this document Figure 65 Appearance of V 29 FastPOS Protocol DTMF dialing V 29 Calling Tone 980 Hz Answer Tone 2225 or 2100 Hz Answering modem sends training pat terns and packet s Calling modem sends training patter...

Page 295: ...N93 Rev 1 4 295 Figure 66 Examples of EPOS Server Misbehavior A V 22 bis server with unpredictable and undesirable gaps during the USB1 signal A V 22 bis server with a 2225 answer tone instead of 2100 Hz ...

Page 296: ...AN93 296 Rev 1 4 Figure 67 Example of EPOS Server Misbehavior The Answer Tone is too short at 400 ms Innocent answer modem generated guard tone ...

Page 297: ...ne Impairments DTMF Distorted by Low Line Level Figure 68 Defective DTMF Figure 69 Normal DTMF Solutions Fix the telephone line Lower the DTMF level with AT U46 0BD0 or AT U46 0CF0 Check the loop current level with AT R79 and AT R6C ...

Page 298: ...s of 50 Hz Manifest as Horizontal Lines Spaced at 100 Hz Causes Unbalanced phone line High ac leakage supply Poor CMR in modem Solutions Fix the telephone line Ground the system to earth or float completely using a battery Use an analog supply with lower ac Leakage ...

Page 299: ... a way to record a telephone call on the PSTN line that is synchronized to the DTE commands and data Terminal Overview The Terminal menu is used to open a connection to up to four serial ports The DTE Terminal window consists of a terminal toolbar main terminal panel terminal shell panel and terminal command history and status bar as shown in Figure 71 Figure 71 UltraCOM Terminal Window Main Termi...

Page 300: ...nly used commands is S to send a text string to the modem In the script in Figure 2 for the line S AT r 100 UltraCOM sends the string AT followed by an ASCII CR then waits 100 ms until it executes the next command A full list of commands can be found in the documentation that is shipped with UltraCOM The Script menu is used to edit execute and review results for the DTE Terminal scripts A script i...

Page 301: ...73 UltraCOM Script Execution Dialog Box A results script is generated for each DTE Terminal script as shown in Figure 74 This illustrates one of the most powerful features of UltraCOM each line in the script is timed stamped where the time corresponds to that in the recorded file call wav This gives the ability to correlate events on the telephone line to commands and data sent over the DTE interf...

Page 302: ...ere the MCU performs all the basic I O accesses to and from the modem 2 Interrupt service or polling depending on the mode of access polling or interrupt this layer contains the algorithms that determine when the host and the modem exchange data 3 Data buffer management status and control this portion of the code relays data between the UART and the modem in both directions Access functions to set...

Page 303: ...IR1 Method Transmitting and receiving data to and from the modem is accomplished by polling HIR1 status bits TXE and REM Polling is implemented by the following code fragment which runs in an infinite loop static char bytesToSend 12 Declared in modemCommunicationUpdate if readModem HIR1 SiREM 0 rxBufferSize MODULUS_MASK readModemByte if gUARTToModemBufferSize 0 If there are data to be sent if byte...

Page 304: ...old If the transmit FIFO is empty and new data need to be transmitted after the TXE interrupt has been cleared the TXE interrupt needs to be jump started by calling the interrupt service routine manually Timer Interrupt Receive FIFO Not Empty This interrupt occurs whenever some data remained in the modem s receive FIFO without the FIFO being read for a period of time set in register U6F This happe...

Page 305: ...AN93 Rev 1 4 305 Figure 76 Parallel or SPI Port Interrupt Service Flowchart ...

Page 306: ...ut guidelines Updated country configuration tables Added Appendix C Si3008 Supplement Added Appendix D EPOS Application Revision 0 9 to Revision 1 0 Added Appendix D Si3006 3009 Supplement for for 3006 and 3009 DAA support Revision 1 0 to Revision 1 1 Major revision to reflect the latest Si24xx ISOmodem product offerings Added support for new product features SPI interface and 32 768 kHz clock inp...

Page 307: ...mes no responsibility for errors and omissions and disclaims responsibility for any consequences resulting from the use of information included herein Additionally Silicon Laboratories assumes no responsibility for the functioning of undescribed fea tures or parameters Silicon Laboratories reserves the right to make changes without further notice Silicon Laboratories makes no warran ty representat...

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