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AS-Interface Analyser 

The Symbols Used

s

Subject to reasonable modifications due to technical advances.

Printed in Germany

SIEMENS AG  ·  Low-Voltage Controls ·  Phone +49 911 895 59 00  ·  Fax +49 911 895 59 07  ·   Internet: http://www.siemens.com/lowvoltage/technical-assistance

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 23.

8.

2006

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The Symbols Used

This symbol warns the user of possible danger. Not following this 
warning can lead to personal injury or death and/or destruction of 
the equipment.

This symbol warns the user of a possible failure. Not following this 
warning can lead to total failure of the device or any other connected 
equipment.

This symbol draws the user's attention to important information.

Summary of Contents for as-interface ANALYSER 3RK1 904-3AB01

Page 1: ......

Page 2: ...ld Time 9 4 4 Advanced Statistics 9 4 5 Consecutive Errors 9 4 6 Configuration 9 4 7 Logging 9 4 8 I O Data 9 4 9 Trace Mode 9 5 Functions of the Analyser 11 5 1 Overview 11 5 2 Installation 13 5 3 Online Statistics Standard Mode 13 5 3 1 Overview 14 5 3 2 Overview with Hold Time 15 5 3 3 Advanced Statistics 15 5 3 4 Consecutive Errors 16 5 3 5 Configuration 18 5 3 6 Online Statistics without Note...

Page 3: ...35 6 1 Uncritical Networks 35 6 2 More Critical Networks 36 6 3 Facility and Safety Engineering 36 6 4 Example 36 7 Using the Analyser 38 7 1 Checking the actual state 38 7 2 Logging the Actual State 38 7 3 Error Diagnostics in the Network 39 7 3 1 Failure of a Slave 39 7 3 2 Error by External Disturbances 39 7 3 3 Error by Bad Contact 40 7 3 4 Error by Overloaded Slaves 40 7 3 5 Errors by Excess ...

Page 4: ...owvoltage technical assistance issue date 23 8 2006 4 1 The Symbols Used This symbol warns the user of possible danger Not following this warning can lead to personal injury or death and or destruction of the equipment This symbol warns the user of a possible failure Not following this warning can lead to total failure of the device or any other connected equipment This symbol draws the user s att...

Page 5: ...y qualified person nel in accordance with this operating manual Safety and correct functioning of the device cannot be guaranteed if any operation other than that described in this operation manual is performed Connecting the equipment and any maintenance work to be carried out with voltage applied to the equipment must exclusively be per formed by appropriately qualified electrotechnical personne...

Page 6: ...ements in the detail definition and disposition of consecutive errors for a more rational evaluation of telegram repetitions default settings and offline execution of the protocols analog data output function as safety monitor in the tra ce mode and finally an optimized operator guidance which allows also users with smaller experiences with AS Interface to penetrate into the range of the expert mo...

Page 7: ...s to a meaningful and economic handling of the results Chapter 7 To Use the Analyser The analyser can be used for very different applications This could be logging of net conditions over detailed error tracing up to the optimization of the compon ents We will describe these different application types Chapter 8 Technical Data Chapter 9 Index Readers which use chapters 5 6 and 7 can skip over chapt...

Page 8: ... AS Interface does not have to be disconnected Connect the analyser over the provided cable to the computer which contains the analyser software you can connect to the computer s RS232 socket or over a suitable adapter to a USB port The analyser does not need an additional power supply The PC and the AS Interface net remain galvanically separated Start the analyser software on your PC 4 2 Index Ca...

Page 9: ...n such a way that you can see the number of consecutive repeti tions from 1 until 6 which occurred Increasing from olive green until red The lar gest consecutive error is represented If a slave is not represented by a field this slave is not in an actual data exchange Pointing with the mouse to this error representation it is indicated how often that error has occurred Fig 5 4 6 Configuration The ...

Page 10: ...es Printed in Germany SIEMENS AG Low Voltage Controls Phone 49 911 895 59 00 Fax 49 911 895 59 07 Internet http www siemens com lowvoltage technical assistance issue date 23 8 2006 10 Monitor an evaluation of the data telegrams of the safety related slaves is started For details see chapter 5 7 9 ...

Page 11: ...splayed The analyser listens and evaluates all signals including incorrect signals on the AS Interface line So he can hear more than the most masters and especially then any superior control This is used for logging the net status for error analysis and for the optimization of the network and application Fig 1 The functions of the three operating modes Contrary to master and slave the analyser doe...

Page 12: ...ernet http www siemens com lowvoltage technical assistance issue date 23 8 2006 12 The analyser can work in three different operating modes in the online stati stics in the data mode and in the trace mode fig 1 You can see the 3 paths in the block diagram of the hardware fig 2 For details see the following chapters Fig 2 Simplified block diagram of the hardware It shows the 3 pathways of the analy...

Page 13: ...dware Afterwards the representation of the online statistics stored in the analyser starts automatically wit the start of the software for exception see chapter 5 7 8 5 3 Online Statistics Standard Mode The standard mode with the Online Statistics is the mode most commonly used The telegrams in the analyser are here statistically evaluated and handed over in a second rhythm to the PC for displayin...

Page 14: ...r the main menu Measure Online Sta tistics or over the colored marked button The traffic light representation shows which slaves work trouble free green which slaves stand out Warn ing yellow which slaves exhibits too many telegram repetitions or possi bly at times completely fails Error red If the master is in the protected mode the representation shows in addition which slave addresses are oc cu...

Page 15: ...er 5 3 3 Advanced Statistics By switching to the tab Advanced Statistics the user gets the number of repea ted missing messages for each slave as well as the number of master calls to each slave It gives detailed information from the overview without the overall evaluation by the traffic light representation Fig 4 The Advanced Statistics shows quantitatively how frequently repetitions of the data ...

Page 16: ...ime since the last deleting process and the number of slave telegrams without master calls These errors are very rare They can occur if the analyser is in a position in the net at which it recog nizes slave telegrams but no master telegrams The button Hold stops the counts in the display However it continues to run in the background as long as no other operating mode is activated Pressing the butt...

Page 17: ...atively harmless and can be usually tolerated Consecutive errors of the class 5 and 6 red fields threaten the availability of a facility and should be examined more exactly see chapter 3 Please note that the numerical data shown in fig 5 are absolute numbers in con trast to the Overview They must be seen in relation to the number of the master calls from the advanced statistics Fig 5 The consecuti...

Page 18: ...ation ID code ID1 and ID2 code Fig 6 Configuration of the used net The slaves 4A 4B 5 6 8 and 10 are slaves according to specification 2 1 slaves 5 and 6 are safety slaves 8 and 10 are analog slaves These data serve for the identification of the different types of slave It can be con cluded from the absence of the values for ID1 and ID2 that a slave according to specification 2 0 is concerned This...

Page 19: ...the master as well That happens with AS Interface whenever a new slave is taken up to the net There are four conse quences for the user due to that The configuration of the slaves is only indicated if the analyser ob served a recording phase Examples A system start switch off the master or the power supply of the network after a temporary stop of the communication offline phase with connected volt...

Page 20: ...without a note book Measured values remain stored only as long as the analyser is supplied out of AS Interface net The notebook must be attached to the analyser for further analysis If the notebook is attached to the analyser first for example to set up the analyser but then removed the data stored up to this point is deleted the filter adjustments remain however The indication Measuring Time is g...

Page 21: ...a new statistics is started The intended measuring time can be entered directly At its expiration the protocol sheet appears If several protocols are provided without a restart the data once entered manually are adopted In particular the description of facility does not need to be entered a second time That works also if a protocol which has been already stored see below is loaded This will ease y...

Page 22: ...re but the formatting is lost Loading When loading the appropriate file in offline mode you can see a stored statistics Manual data of the description of facility can be supplemented and stored offline then 5 6 Data Mode The I O data mode does not focus on possible telegram errors but the momentary valid data of the slaves The analyser takes over the current values approx one time per second If th...

Page 23: ...can be given under Options Statistics whether the exits are indicated as AS Interface level outputs or as Process Image Output The display of the output data is inverted thereby so that the comparison with the data of the control or within the net becomes simpler depending upon the situation With each data call 4 bits between master and slave are exchanged in both di rections That applies even if ...

Page 24: ... slave indicates an overflow through its overflow bit this is re presented by an additional point in the appropriate channel Fig 9 In the example the slaves with address 8 und 10 are analog slaves are a 2 channel input slave address 8 and a 2 channel output slave address 10 Example In fig 9 an analog input module slave 8 and an analog output module slave 10 with two channels each are attached In b...

Page 25: ...f only 1 channel of a 2 channel slave has been switched off that cannot be represented here correctly However the situation can be evalu ated in the safety monitor of the trace mode see chapter 5 7 9 Fig 10 The status is indicated for 1 channel safety related slaves 5 7 Trace Mode Expert Mode In the Trace Mode the analyser notes each particular telegram or those which are selected after triggers a...

Page 26: ... by the application can be identified and corrected substantially more easily than with other means Weak points can be uncovered preventively If the options Trigger and Recording Filter are used you are able to collect te legrams in the analyser eventually over a long time The PC needs to be attached for the definition of the trace conditions for the start and for the subsequent eva luation only F...

Page 27: ...l ways appear in the trace on the AS Interface level see chap ter 5 3 1 For the meaning of each individual bit see the AS Interface specification 5 7 2 Complete Tracing With the complete trace each individual telegram on the AS In terface line is captured and stored The memory stores approx 256 000 master and slave telegrams from the moment of star ting the trace It corresponds to a cycle time of ...

Page 28: ...During internal triggering from the observed telegrams in the analyser a signal is derived which specifies the beginning of storage The internal trigger runs over up to three levels which are processed in sequence A trace is taken up only if the conditions of the trigger level1 then those of the trigger level 2 and finally those of trigger level 3 are fulfilled Fig 13 The trace trigger processes t...

Page 29: ...ics the automatic assumption of the recognized slaves into the masks is offered if the net and the analyser are active Three frequently used basic adjustments are offered in the field Template All Single Slaves All A B Slaves and Errors In the first two settings all mean ingful defaults for all slaves are entered In the third case all possible errors in data exchange i e incorrect telegrams or mis...

Page 30: ...the data packets are loaded automati cally into the PC fig 12d and e This can be interrupted if necessary The last trigger condition is marked red in the trace Delayed tracing By adjusting a negative advance trigger the start of the trace can be further retarded It starts an adjustable number of packets only after the trigger event 5 7 4 2 External Trigger Alternatively is it possible to start a t...

Page 31: ...om 5 V to 0 V when the trigger condition is reached It responds approx 450 µs after the trigger event Its maxi mum current load is 2 mA The potential of the trigger output corresponds to the potential of the RS232 interface The trigger output uses the trace mode and the refore only works when a trace runs As long as the trigger and the trace are active a trigger output impulse is set with each occ...

Page 32: ...s and for the manual start as well as for al subsequent read out of the traces This con figuration is interesting if a trace starts only due to a rarely arising trigger condition or if a very long recording time is necessary effected by a recording filter This kind of storage and of the following analysis is supported in a user friendly way If the notebook is attached after storage to the analyser...

Page 33: ...xadecimal of the two safety slaves with the addresses 1 and 2 and then the changes between free and released for both slaves within the trace In this mask you can see the individual code sequence of the safety slaves the time of disconnections which can then be analyzed more exactly in the trace then telegram errors which did not lead to disconnection because of well timed rep etitions code errors...

Page 34: ...ew filter only a part of the data packets have been displayed this reduced view is displayed when opening a stored file first In the background however the entire trace is present and can be represented by a change of the trace view filter Furthermore the last used settings for trigger and recording filter are stored and can be used for the data analysis as well With the export of a tsv file in Ex...

Page 35: ...ain at the moment it works correct again compare AS Interface specification The user of the analysers must know that these repetitions called errors only interfere with the network level So the superior control or an actuator obtains no wrong values Exactly the safety routines mentioned prevent this The new function Consecutive Error supplies an important assistance for this in terpretation additi...

Page 36: ...ially two exceptions In the field of facility engineering there are applications whose breakdown must be absolutely avoided for cost reasons Here it can be suggested to arrive close to the theoretical ideal of no telegram repetitions Eventually you even try to avoid repetitions of only green slaves A second special case is safety related facilities according to Safety at Work Here repetitions are ...

Page 37: ...by 150 µs Only fundamental considerations e g the change of a slave or the potential instability of the net recommend the correction in this case In practice quite a few nets in a comparable condition might work trouble free wit hout ever being noticed by the user It would be more critical if a slave would ex hibit a single failure of the class 6 Fig 16 Example of a net strongly disturbed The effe...

Page 38: ...incorrect or missing telegrams and in addition cycle time and voltage in the net example in fig 4 The Consecutive Error split up the errors into simple and multiple errors and so it permits a qualified evaluation of the observed repetitions Compare chapter 3 and fig 5 The configuration which the analyser provides is based on net data therefore it corresponds to the slaves actually found in the net...

Page 39: ...ors can have a completely different cause and must be interpreted 7 3 1 Failure of a Slave If a slave failed completely before beginning of the measurement so that no communication is possible anymore this slave is missing in all other representati ons of the analysers also The analyser does not see this slave The slave is mis sing in the configuration representation also The master reports in the...

Page 40: ... concerns a certain slave This can be proven most simply in the online statistics if necessary during a longer period If a bad connection leads more frequently to telegram repetitions without the slave failing completely this can be seen in the Consecutive Errors Fig 17 shows this as cut out from a trace Fig 17 A slave with the address 28 with a bad contact is installed in a net During storage thi...

Page 41: ...ably poses an outsized entrance capacity An AS i bus termination or an AS i tuner can compensate incorrect impedance in some cases In the trace the situation can be observed more exactly Depending upon its po sition in the net even the analyser cannot recognize individual telegrams any more then 7 3 6 Error by Configuration Deviation In the configuration mode of the master which is used particular...

Page 42: ...een if a short holding time has been entered 7 4 Error Diagnostics and Optimization of the Application The current digital and analog data as well as the safety data free and released are available in the data mode provided that they do not vary to quickly So the course of a process in the automatic or in the manual operation mode can be pur sued and Errors can be found easily The trace mode is an...

Page 43: ...T4 Specification Software AS Interface Analyser Hardware AS Interface Analyser D sub transmission cord Technical Data Type Passive AS Interface member Interface AS Interface RS 232 für connection to a PC Trigger input 24 V Trigger ouput TTL Displays LED display LED green Power Power on LED yellow ser active RS 232 interface in operation LED green red Test Test mode Telegram memory 256 000 AS Inter...

Page 44: ...l disturbance 39 Error by high capacity slave 41 Error by overloading 40 Error discussion 35 Error tracing in the application 42 Expert Mode 25 Extension ptx 22 Extension trc 34 Extension tsv 34 Extension txt 22 External trigger 30 F Facility description 20 Failure class 16 I Input assistance 29 Internal trigger 28 L LED traffic light 13 19 Loading the statistics 22 Long term control 19 Long term ...

Page 45: ...wvoltage technical assistance issue date 23 8 06 45 T Telegram repetition 35 Test assistant 21 Trace condition 26 Trace mode 25 Trace without a trigger 27 Trace without notebook 32 Tracing with trigger 28 Traffic light representation 14 Trigger 13 Trigger level 28 Trigger mask 28 Trigger output 31 Trigger time 30 Triggering condition 29 U Unreasonable demand 35 Using the analyser 38 V Valuation of...

Page 46: ...tage technical assistance issue date 23 8 2006 46 10 We Are Interested in Your Opinion We would like to know your comments and suggestions concerning this document We review and consider all comments for inclusion in future documentation Siemens AG Technical Assistance Low Voltage Controls and Distribution Phone 49 911 895 59 00 Fax 49 911 895 59 07 eMail technical assistance siemens com Internet ...

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