Engineering manual - SAB 193-233-283 S A-frame (including ATEX)
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008831 en 2022.02
3.2.7
Lubricating oils
Compressor oils include the following oil types:
Code design
Oil types
M
Mineral oil, naphtenic base
A
Synthetic oils based on alkylated aromatics (alkyl-benzene)
AP
Synthetic oils blended from alkyl-benzene and poly-alfa-olefin base stocks
S
Semi synthetic oils (hydro-treated mineral oil on paraffinic base)
PAO
Synthetic oils based on poly-alfa-olefin
POE
Synthetic oils based on polyol esters
PAG
Synthetic oils based on polyalkylene glycols
When charging oil, follow the safety instructions given by the oil supplier (MSDS: Material
Safety Data Sheet). Always avoid direct contact with the oil as this may cause skin allergies.
Always use protective equipment, goggles and gloves, when charging oil.
When changing oil on the compressor or draining oil from the vessel of the refrigeration plant,
always collect the used oil in containers marked “waste oil” and send them to an approved in-
cineration plant. It is not recommended to reuse oil.
3.2.8
Refrigerants
Be very careful when dealing with refrigerants. For safe handling, please refer to the safety/da-
ta sheets delivered by the refrigerant supplier.
Warning!
Be aware that large amounts of leaking (or released) refrigerant entail a risk of asphyxiation. If
in direct contact with leaking liquid refrigerant, there is a high risk of injuries caused by
frostbite.
3.2.9
Purging a refrigeration plant
Purging of air or other non-condensable gases is required in order to keep high system per-
formance and avoid corrosion of the equipment, which could endanger the safety of persons
and equipment.
When purging a refrigeration system, make sure to observe the following:
•
Refrigerants must not be released into the atmosphere, except CO
2
, which can be re-
leased slowly into the atmosphere.
•
When purging an ammonia system, use an approved air purger. The purged air must
pass through an open container or water for any remaining ammonia (R717) to be ab-
sorbed. The water mixture must be sent to an approved hazardous waste disposal site.
•
Halocarbon refrigerants (CFC, HCFC and HFC)
cannot
be absorbed by water. An ap-
proved air purger must be fitted to the system. This must be checked regularly by use
of a leak detector. All precautionary measures practicable must be taken to prevent and
minimise leakage of refrigerant from refrigeration and air conditioning systems to the
atmosphere.
Note:
The occurrence of air is usually an indication of poor maintenance or lack of thorough-
ness at installation.
Note:
Ammonia systems should be purged on a regular basis to avoid atmospheric air and oth-
er non-condensable gases.