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SWP-0412/0420G Series L2 Managed Switch User Guide 

 [Reload] 

Restores the previous saved settings of trunking from configuration file. 

CLI command : 

l2 trunk retrieve 

5.3.3.2 Mirror

 

[Create/Remove Mirror Mode] 

 

Displays the mirroring settings of the switch. 

CLI command : 

l2 mirror create 

<monitor port no> <enable/disable>

 

CLI command : 

l2 mirror ingress 

<port list>

 

CLI command : 

l2 mirror egress 

<port list>

 

CLI command : 

l2 mirror remove 

<ingress/egress> <port list> 

[Reload] 

Restores the previous saved settings from configuration file. 

CLI command : 

l2 mirror retrieve 

[Show Rate Limiting]  

Displays the current rate limitation value of the switch. 

CLI command : 

l2 rate show 

 

5.3.3.3 RateLimit

 

[Rate limit Broadcast]  

[Rate limit Broadcast and Multicast]  

User can limit the traffic rate for broadcast, multicast by turning the traffic 
control on. 

Summary of Contents for SWP-0412G

Page 1: ...SWP 0412 0420G ...

Page 2: ...SWP 0412 0420G Series L2 Managed Switch User Guide PLANEX L2 Managed Switch SWP 0412G SWP 0420G User Guide ...

Page 3: ...ul interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver ...

Page 4: ...2 Mounting the switch on a rack 15 3 2 Part 2 Setting up the switch 15 3 2 1 Connect the console port 16 3 2 2 Connect to the computers or a LAN 16 3 2 3 Attach the power adapter 16 3 3 Part 3 Basic switch setting for management 17 3 3 1 Setting up through the console port 17 3 3 2 Setting up through the Web interface 20 4 1 Log into Web user interface 23 4 2 Functional layout 25 4 2 1 Menu naviga...

Page 5: ...le 47 4 6 2 Host Table 48 4 6 3 Trap Setting 49 4 7 Security 50 4 7 1 Port Access Control 50 4 7 2 Dial In User 51 4 7 3 RADIUS 52 4 8 VCT 54 4 9 Statistics Chart 55 4 9 1 Traffic Comparison 55 4 9 2 Error Group 56 4 10 Save Configuration 57 5 1 Power On Self Test 59 5 1 1 Boot ROM Command Mode 60 5 1 2 Boot ROM Commands 61 5 2 Login and Logout 62 5 3 CLI Commands 62 5 3 1 System Commands 62 5 3 2...

Page 6: ... User Guide 5 4 Miscellaneous Commands 79 6 1 IP Addresses 80 6 1 1 Structure of an IP address 80 6 1 2 Network classes 82 6 2 Subnet masks 83 7 1 Diagnosing problems using IP utilities 85 7 1 1 ping 85 7 1 2 nslookup 87 7 2 Simple fixes 88 ...

Page 7: ...e 11 IP Setup 29 Figure 12 Administration 30 Figure 13 Reboot 31 Figure 14 Firmware Upgrade 32 Figure 15 CPU Usage 33 Figure 16 Physical Interface 35 Figure 17 Link aggregation 38 Figure 18 Mirroring page 39 Figure 19 Traffic Control 40 Figure 20 Dynamic Address 41 Figure 21 Static Address 42 Figure 22 Tagged VLAN 44 Figure 23 Default Port VLAN and CoS 45 Figure 24 CoS Queue Mapping 46 Figure 25 C...

Page 8: ...e 30 RADIUS 53 Figure 31 VCT 54 Figure 32 Traffic comparison 56 Figure 33 Error group 56 Figure 34 Save Configuration 57 Figure 35 CLI interface 59 Figure 36 Boot ROM Command Mode 60 Figure 37 SYS commands 63 Figure 38 Using the ping utility 86 Figure 39 Using the nslookup utility 87 ...

Page 9: ...bels and LEDs 12 Table 2 Rear panel labels 13 Table 3 Technical specifications 14 Table 4 LED Indicators 17 Table 5 Commonly used buttons and icons 27 Table 6 Boot ROM commands 61 Table 7 IP address structure 81 Table 8 Troubleshooting 88 ...

Page 10: ...o sensing Fast Ethernet ports four small form factor SFP Gigabit interface converter miniGBIC slots 802 1D transparent bridge spanning tree protocol 8K MAC address cache with hardware assisted aging 802 3x flow control 802 1Q based tagged VLAN up to 256 VLANs 802 1p class of service 4 queues per port 802 3ad link aggregation manual up to 7 trunk groups Port Mirroring 802 1x and RADIUS RMON support...

Page 11: ...mmand line interpreter Boldface type text is used for items you select from menus and drop down lists and text strings you type when prompted by the program 1 2 3 Symbols This document uses the following icons to call your attention to specific instructions or explanations Note Provides clarification or additional information on the current topic Definition Explains terms or acronyms that may be u...

Page 12: ... 2 Getting to know the SWP 0412 0420G 2 1 Package contents The SWP 0412 0420G switch package comes with the following items SWP 0412 0420G AC Power cord Null modem cable for console interface DB9 Rack installation kit two brackets with six 6 32 screws ...

Page 13: ...hing Self test INIT or downloading Amber On Abnormal temperature or voltage SYSTEM Off No power Green On Link RJ 45 or SFP is present port is enabled Flashing Data is being transmitted received 10 100 1000 port status Off No Ethernet link Green On 1000Mbps Amber On 100Mbps 10 100 1000 port speed Off 10Mbps or link is not present Green On full duplex Amber On half dulplex 10 100 1000 port duplex Of...

Page 14: ...er Guide 2 3 Rear Panel The switch rear panel contains the ports for the data and power connections Figure 2 Rear panel Table 2 Rear panel labels No Label Description 1 Power Connector Connects to the supplied power cord 2 FAN1 FAN2 System fans ...

Page 15: ... mm W X 265mm D Input Consumption Power 100 240V AC 2 5A 50 60Hz 38 watts Operating Storage Temperature 0 40 0 40 Humidity 35 to 85 35 to 85 Environmental Ranges Altitude up to 10 000 ft 3 000m 40 000 ft 12 000m Dimensions Voltage and Current Speed Replaceable Fans 40 x 40 x 20 mm 12VDC 0 13A 8200RPM ...

Page 16: ...switch Default gateway for the network Network mask for this network 3 1 Part 1 Installing the hardware Connect the device to the power outlet and your computer or network 3 1 1 Installing the switch on a flat surface The switch should be installed on a level surface that can support the weight of the switches and their accessories Attach four rubber pads on the marked location on the bottom of th...

Page 17: ...he switch ports by Ethernet cables You can use either the crossover or straight through Ethernet cable to connect computers hubs or switches Use a twisted pair Category 5 Ethernet cable to connect the 1000BASE T port Otherwise the link speed can not reach 1Gbps 3 2 3 Attach the power adapter 1 Connect the AC power cord to the POWER receptacle on the back of the switch and plug the other end of the...

Page 18: ...e hardware connections configure the basic settings for your switch You can manage the switch using the following methods Web interface the switch has a set of pages to allow to you manage it using Java enabled IE5 5 or higher version Command Line Interface use console port to manage the switch 3 3 1 Setting up through the console port 1 Use the supplied crossover RS 232 cable to connect to the co...

Page 19: ...word Enter You can change the password at any time through CLI see section 5 3 1 To protect your switch from unauthorized access you must change the default password as soon as possible 5 Follow these steps to assign an IP address to the switch a Type net interface ip sw0 your ip address your network mask For example if your switch IP is 192 168 10 1 and the network mask is 255 255 255 0 Then you ...

Page 20: ...SWP 0412 0420G Series L2 Managed Switch User Guide Figure 3 Login and IP setup Screen ...

Page 21: ...use Web interface 1 It is not necessary to login Web interface at the first time to use Web interface because the default configuration for Web access authentication is enable To secure the system configuration please enable the authentication function at the Administration page under System category Skip step 2 if the authentication is disabled 2 At any PC connected to the network that the switch...

Page 22: ... click System then IP Setup see Figure 8 Fill in the IP address network mask and default gateway then click 4 If your new address is different from the default the browser can not update the switch status window or retrieve any page This is normal You have to retype the new IP address in the address location box and press Enter The WEB link returns 5 To enable authentication for Web access click A...

Page 23: ...GigaX Series L2 Managed Switch User s Guide 22 Figure 5 IP Setup ...

Page 24: ...ce 1 From a PC open your web browser type the following in the web address or location box and press Enter http 192 168 1 1 This is the factory default IP address for the switch A login screen displays as shown in Figure 6 Figure 6 Configuration manager login screen 2 Enter your user name and password then click Use the following defaults the first time you log into the program You can change the ...

Page 25: ...SWP 0412 0420G Series L2 Managed Switch User s Guide 24 The home page appears each time you log into the program See Figures 11 and 12 Figure 7 Home page ...

Page 26: ...rames The top frame has a switch logo as shown Figure 8 Figure 8 Top Frame The left frame a menu frame as shown in Figure 9 contains all the features available for switch configuration These features are grouped into categories e g System Bridge etc You can click on any of these to display a specific configuration page ...

Page 27: ...cs See section 4 3 for details 4 2 1 Menu navigation tips To expand a group of related menus click on the corresponding group name The sign will change to after expansion To contract a group of related menus click on the corresponding group name The sign will appear next to the group name To open a specific configuration page click on the desired menu item ...

Page 28: ...es an existing entry Modifies the existing configuration in the system e g a static route or a filter ACL rule and etc Deletes the selected item e g a static route or a filter ACL rule and etc Re displays the current page with updated statistics or settings 4 3 System Pages System pages include management IP setup administration reboot and firmware update function 4 3 1 Management The Management p...

Page 29: ...SWP 0412 0420G Series L2 Managed Switch User s Guide 28 To save any changes and make it effective immediately click Use to refresh the setting as shown in Figure 10 Figure 10 Management ...

Page 30: ...itch management interface Network Mask Default Gateway To save any changes and make it effective immediately click Use to refresh the setting as shown in Figure12 Figure 11 IP Setup 4 3 3 Administration The Administration page allows you enable or disable the authentication for web user by password protection To save any changes and make it effective immediately click Use to refresh the setting as...

Page 31: ...SWP 0412 0420G Series L2 Managed Switch User s Guide 30 You can change the password at any time through the CLI interface Please refer to section 5 3 1 Figure 12 Administration ...

Page 32: ...network traffic and terminates the Web interface connection Figure 13 Reboot 4 3 5 Firmware Upgrade The Firmware page contains the following information Hardware Version shows the hardware revision number Boot ROM Version shows the version of the boot code Firmware Version shows the current running firmware version This number will be updated after the firmware update ...

Page 33: ...click to choose the file name of the firmware from prompt window Click to update the switch firmware See Figure 14 for reference Clicking the upload button loads the assigned firmware to the switch then reboot system after a successful firmware update You have to re login to Web interface again Figure 14 Firmware Upgrade ...

Page 34: ...sage This page displays the CPU usage of the switch User can set the show count by entering a valid number from 1 to 10 Then click on to show the CPU usage For example if the user enters 5 then the display window will show the CPU usage 5 times Figure 15 CPU Usage ...

Page 35: ...ng information for each port a Link status the link speed and duplex for an existing link otherwise link is down b State the STP state Don t support STP c Admin the setting value to disable or enable the port d Mode the setting value for link speed and duplex mode e Flow Control the setting value to enable or disable 802 3x flow control mechanism Select the corresponding port number and configure ...

Page 36: ...SWP 0412 0420G Series L2 Managed Switch User Guide Figure 16 Physical Interface ...

Page 37: ...link aggregation group according to source MAC address destination MAC address source and destination MAC address source IP address destination IP address or source and destination IP address Name the group name Trunk ID a number to identify the trunk group besides the group name Remove Trunk Remove the selected trunk Port Icons these port icons are listed in a way like the front panel You have to...

Page 38: ...are used It is for per system not per port All the ports in the link aggregation group MUST operate in full duplex mode at the same speed All the ports in the link aggregation group MUST be configured in auto negotiation mode or full duplex mode This configuration will make the full duplex link possible If you set the ports in full duplex force mode then the link partner MUST have the same setting...

Page 39: ... ports for egress or ingress packets Mirror Mode Enables or disables the mirror function for the selected group Monitor Port Receives the copies of all the traffics in the selected mirrored ports The monitor port can not belong to any link aggregation group The monitor port can not operate as a normal switch port It does not switch packets or do address learning 4 ports are only supported for mirr...

Page 40: ...events the switch bandwidth from flooding packets including broadcast packets multicast packets The limit number is a threshold to limit the total number of the checked type packets For example if broadcast and multicast are enabled the total traffic amount for those two types will not exceed the limit value Click to save the new configuration To make the configuration effective go to Save Configu...

Page 41: ...switch it will age out from the address table if the address is not learned again during the age time User can set the age time by entering a valid number from 10 to 600 in seconds Then click on to save the new age value To make the configuration effective please go to Save Configuration page then click on You can look up MAC addresses by checking the port VLAN ID or and MAC address then click on ...

Page 42: ...SWP 0412 0420G Series L2 Managed Switch User Guide Figure 20 Dynamic Address ...

Page 43: ... do packet filtering when the MAC address appears in the packets as destination address source address or either of them Click on the when you create a new static MAC address by the above information Then you will see the new added entry shows in the address window You can remove the existed address by selecting the entry with the mouse then clicking on The button updates the existed MAC address e...

Page 44: ...ongs to two or more VLAN groups at the same time it will confuse the switch and cause flooding traffics To prevent it the switch only allow one untagged port belongs to one VLAN at the same time That is the untagged port belongs to the VLAN group which is called PVID and configured in the Default Port VLAN CoS page If you want to assign an untagged port from one VLAN to another you have to remove ...

Page 45: ...SWP 0412 0420G Series L2 Managed Switch User s Guide 44 Figure 22 Tagged VLAN ...

Page 46: ...ill be tagged with this VLAN group ID CoS Class of Service value every untagged packet received from this port will be assigned to this CoS in the VLAN tagged Due to 4 internal traffic class mapping to 8 priority Only CoS value 0 2 5 7 are valid according to Cos Queue Mapping Click on to change the content in the port list window Click on to save the configuration To make the configuration effecti...

Page 47: ...queues for each port witch a strict priority scheduler That is each CoS value can map into one of the four queues The queue 4 has the highest priority to transmit the packets Click to save the configuration To make the configuration effective go to Save Configuration page then click Figure 24 CoS Queue Mapping ...

Page 48: ... Table and Trap Setting To provide more secure management and access control 4 6 1 Community Table You can type different community names and specify whether the community has the privilege to do set action write access by checking the box Click to save the configuration permanently or to refresh the page Figure 25 Community Table ...

Page 49: ...ost Table This page links host IP address to the community name that is entered in Community Table page Type an IP address and select the community name from the drop down list Click to save the configuration permanently or to refresh the page Figure 26 Host Table ...

Page 50: ...6 3 Trap Setting By setting trap destination IP addresses and community names you can enable SNMP trap function to send trap packets in different versions v1 or v2c Click to save the configuration permanently or to refresh the page Figure 27 Trap Setting ...

Page 51: ...o authenticate the port user again when the re authentication time is up Reauthentication Time If Reauthentication is enabled this is the time period the switch uses to re send authentication request to the port user see above Authentication Method RADIUS or Local database can be used to authenticate the port user Quiet Period If authentication failed either from RADIUS or local database the switc...

Page 52: ...fic from all hosts is allowed to pass Otherwise if force_unauthorized is selected the selected port is blocked and no traffic can go through If Auto is selected the behavior of the selected port is controlled by 802 1x protocol All ports should be set to Auto under normal conditions Click to make the settings permanent Click to refresh the settings to current value Figure 28 Port Access Control 4 ...

Page 53: ...gs to current value Figure 29 Dial In user 4 7 3 RADIUS In order to use external RADIUS server the following parameters are required to be setup Authentication Server IP The IP address of the RADIUS server Authentication Server Port The port number for the RADIUS server is listening to Authentication Server Key The key is used for communications between SWP 0412 0420G and the RADIUS server Confirm...

Page 54: ...ch User Guide The VLAN of the RADIUS server connected to the switch must be the same as the VLAN of the system management interface Please click to make the settings permanent Click to refresh the settings to current value Figure 30 RADIUS ...

Page 55: ...to detect cable fault open or short and report the estimated fault location Moreover VCT can also detect PHY type 100M 1000M or 10000M as well as estimated cable length of normal cable Cable length estimation only supports Giga speed mode Just select a port number and click Test result shall be displayed accordingly Figure 31 VCT ...

Page 56: ... in these charts Click Refresh Rate to set the period for retrieving new data from the switch You can differentiate the statistics or ports by selecting Color Finally click on Draw to let the browser to draw the graphic chart Each new Draw will reset the statistics display 4 9 1 Traffic Comparison This page shows the one statistics item for all the ports in one graphic chart Specify the statistics...

Page 57: ... 56 Figure 32 Traffic comparison 4 9 2 Error Group Selecting the Port and display Color then clicking the Draw the statistics window shows you all the discards or error counts for the specified port The data is updated periodically Figure 33 Error group ...

Page 58: ... effective after a successful save Sometimes you may want to reset the switch configuration you can click on to reset the configuration file to factory default Of course a system reboot will follow this restoration process You will lose all the configurations when you choose to restore the factory default configurations Figure 34 Save Configuration ...

Page 59: ...mand help messages This is very useful when you are not familiar with the CLI commands The CLI mode times out when idle for 10 minutes You have to login again to enter CLI mode after the timeout All the CLI commands are case sensitive In order to make them easier to use you can enter into different category by typing the full command then this category becomes your working category Thereafter you ...

Page 60: ...xecuting during the system booting time It tests system memory LED and hardware chips on the switchboard It displays system information as the result of system test and initialization You can ignore the information until the prompt Planex appears see Figure 35 Figure 35 CLI interface ...

Page 61: ...u can enter a Boot ROM Command mode by pressing ENTER key as shown in Figure 37 Enter the key to show the help messages for all available commands Although the commands are helpful in some situation we STRONGLY suggest users not to use them if you don t know the command function Figure 36 Boot ROM Command Mode ...

Page 62: ...E Load and execute firmware h NONE Display online help m mask Configure network mask You have to set up the terminal emulator with the same baud rate to make the work p NONE Display current configuration R NONE System reboot s IP address Configure TFTP server IP address t NONE Toggle safe mode u File name Upload boot module firmware via network using TFTP protocol v NONE Display boot rom version w...

Page 63: ... the CLI mode The next user has to do login again with authorized user name and password 5 3 CLI Commands The switch provides CLI commands for all managed functions The command uses are listed in the categories as the WEB management interface This way you can follow the instructions and set up the switch correctly as easily as using WEB interface to configure the switch save command is used to sav...

Page 64: ...managed node CLI command sys contact system contact description If you put the contact description in the contact description field the switch contact will change to the new one System Location Displays the physical location of the switch This is an RFC 1213 defined MIB object in System Group and provides the location information on the managed node CLI command sys location system location descrip...

Page 65: ...ic add destination subnet IP gateway netmask metric Password Protection is Enabled Disabled When the password protection is enabled the web interface will request a user name and password authentication while user accesses the switch through the browser CLI command sys weblogin set enable disable New Modify Password The default user name is admin By default a password is password You may set a pas...

Page 66: ...t speed and duplex mode of the port The speed and duplex mode can be automatically detected when auto negotiation is enabled on a port CLI command l2 port autoneg port number enable disable CLI command l2 port speed port number 10 100 1000 CLI command l2 port duplex port number full half Flow Control Enable Disable Displays the IEEE802 3x flow control setting of a port Note that this flow control ...

Page 67: ...stribution algorithm for the trunk group CLI command l2 trunk rtag 1 2 3 Rtag values and corresponding meanings 1 source XOR destination MAC L2 2 source XOR destination IP L3 3 source XOR destination Port L4 Create Trunk Creates a new trunk group by giving trunk ID rtag name and port numbers The rtag is the packet distribution algorithm for the trunk group CLI command l2 trunk create trunk id trun...

Page 68: ...isable CLI command l2 mirror ingress port list CLI command l2 mirror egress port list CLI command l2 mirror remove ingress egress port list Reload Restores the previous saved settings from configuration file CLI command l2 mirror retrieve Show Rate Limiting Displays the current rate limitation value of the switch CLI command l2 rate show 5 3 3 3 RateLimit Rate limit Broadcast Rate limit Broadcast ...

Page 69: ...and l2 rate retrieve 5 3 3 4 ARL Address Resolution Logic Aging Time User can set the ARL Address Resolution Logic entries aging time by setting the aging time value CLI command l2 arl age aging time value Query by Port ARL entries existed in ARL table can be queried according to port number CLI command l2 arl port port number Query by VLAN ID ARL entries existed in ARL table can be queried accord...

Page 70: ...nd l2 arl delete mac address vlan id Reload Restores the previous saved settings from configuration file CLI command l2 arl retrieve 5 3 3 5 VLAN Show VLAN Displays the existing VLAN information of the switch CLI command l2 vlan show vlan id Create VLAN Allows user to config the VLAN settings User may create a new VLAN by giving a unique VLAN ID a VLAN description name and its port member list not...

Page 71: ...ed port list Delete VLAN Allows user to completely destroy an existing VLAN CLI command l2 vlan delete vlan id Reload Restores the previous saved settings from configuration file CLI command l2 vlan retrieve 5 3 3 6 Port Show Port Displays the port configuration CLI command l2 port show port id or for all ports PVID Sets the default VLAN for a port by giving a VLAN ID and its associated port membe...

Page 72: ...ort list Reload Restores the previous saved settings from configuration file CLI command l2 port retrieve 5 3 3 7 QoS Cos Map Allows user to map the CoS priority with range of 0 7 for a buffer queue total of 4 with queue ID of 1 4 CLI command l2 cos map queue id 1 4 cos 0 7 Cos Sched Allows user to set scheduling with strict priority based or weight priority based CLI command l2 cos sched mode 1 s...

Page 73: ...munity string Get privileges y always turn on by default Set privileges y n n set privilege y for yes n for no Set CLI command snmp community set User can modify a community entry in the table by reassigning its community string and privileges Community entry table index entry id to config Community string old community string new community string This action will modify all hosts with community s...

Page 74: ...I command snmp community retrieve 5 3 4 2 SNMP Host Add SNMP host A host entry contains a host IP address network mask and its dedicated community string CLI command snmp host add Host IP Subnet IP address Netmask netmask Community community string Set SNMP host CLI command snmp host set User can modify a host entry in the table by reassigning its allowed IP address network mask and community stri...

Page 75: ...ontains SNMP version currently support version 1 and version 2c a destination IP address and the remote community string Add CLI command snmp trap add SNMP version 1 2c 1 by default snmp version Destination IP IP address Community community string Set CLI command snmp trap set User can modify a trap entry in the table by reassigning its SNMP version destination IP address and community string Trap...

Page 76: ...mmunity string new community string Delete CLI command snmp trap delete Allows user to delete a trap entry from trap table Trap table entry table index entry id to delete Reload Restores the previous saved settings from configuration file CLI command snmp trap retrieve ...

Page 77: ...ication time 1 4294967295 sec Authentication Method Allows user to set up the authentication method RADIUS or Local database CLI command security dot1x bridge authmeth type 1 local 2 radius Quiet Period Allows user to set up the quiet period CLI command security dot1x bridge quietperiod quiet period 1 65535 sec Retransmission Time Allows user to set up the retransmission time CLI command security ...

Page 78: ..._authorized 2 force_unauthorized 3 auto port list Reload Restores the previous saved settings from configuration file CLI command security dot1x retrieve 5 3 5 2 Dialuser Create Modify Remove Dialuser Create users in the local database of the switch for 802 1x authentication A user entry contains a user name password and dynamic VLAN CLI command security dialinuser create User Name user name strin...

Page 79: ...file CLI command security dialinuser retrieve 5 3 5 3 Radius Set RADIUS User Allows user to config the RADIUS server IP server port and server key CLI command security radius set authentication server ip ip none old server ip new server ip authentication server port port default old server port new server port authentication server key key none server key confirm authentication key key none confir...

Page 80: ...User Guide 5 4 Miscellaneous Commands sys uptime show the time since the system boot up sys date show the current date and time sys settime set the current time net ping ping remote host net route show display the entries in the routing table ...

Page 81: ...56 0 211 These numbers are called from left to right field1 field2 field3 and field4 This style of writing IP addresses as decimal numbers separated by dots is called dotted decimal notation The IP address 20 56 0 211 is read twenty dot fifty six dot zero dot two eleven 6 1 1 Structure of an IP address IP addresses have a hierarchical design similar to that of telephone numbers For example a 7 dig...

Page 82: ...etwork s class see following section Table 7 shows the structure of an IP address Table 7 IP address structure Field1 Field2 Field3 Field4 Class A Network ID Host ID Class B Network ID Host ID Class C Network ID Host ID Following are examples of valid IP addresses Class A 10 30 6 125 network 10 host 30 6 125 Class B 129 88 16 49 network 129 88 host 16 49 Class C 192 60 201 11 network 192 60 201 ho...

Page 83: ...ks are smaller but still quite large each being able to hold over 65 000 hosts There can be up to 16 384 class B networks in existence A class B network might be appropriate for a large organization such as a business or government agency Class C networks are the smallest only able to hold 254 hosts at most but the total possible number of class C networks exceeds 2 million 2 097 152 to be exact L...

Page 84: ...these host ID bits For example consider a class C network 192 168 1 To split this into two subnets you would use the subnet mask 255 255 255 128 It s easier to see what s happening if we write this in binary 11111111 11111111 11111111 10000000 As with any class C address all of the bits in field1 through field 3 are part of the network ID but note how the mask specifies that the first bit in field...

Page 85: ...bits in field4 for its host IDs ranging from 0 to 63 Sometimes a subnet mask does not specify any additional network ID bits and thus no subnets Such a mask is called a default subnet mask These masks are Class A 255 0 0 0 Class B 255 255 0 0 Class C 255 255 255 0 These are called default because they are used when a network is initially configured at which time it has no subnets ...

Page 86: ... your PC can recognize other computers on your network and the Internet A ping command sends a message to the computer you specify If the computer receives the message it sends messages in reply To use it you must know the IP address of the computer with which you are trying to communicate On Windows based computers you can execute a ping command from the Start menu Click the Start button and then...

Page 87: ...efault LAN IP address 192 168 1 1 or another address you assigned You can also test whether access to the Internet is working by typing an external address such as that for www yahoo com 216 115 108 243 If you do not know the IP address of a particular Internet location you can use the nslookup command as explained in the following section From most other IP enabled operating systems you can execu...

Page 88: ...s based computers you can execute the nslookup command from the Start menu Click the Start button then click Run In the Open text box type the following nslookup Click A Command Prompt window displays with a bracket prompt At the prompt type the name of the Internet address you are interested in such as www absnews com The window displays the associate IP address if known See Figure 39 Figure 39 U...

Page 89: ...cannot access another host in the same network 1 Check the Ethernet cabling is good and the LED is green 2 If the port LED is amber check if this port is disabled PCs cannot display web configuration pages 1 The switch is powered up and the connecting port is enabled The factory default IP for the switch is 192 168 1 1 2 Verify your network setup in your PC for this information If your PC does not...

Page 90: ...also be required 2 Ping the switch IP address to see if the link is stable If some ping packets fail check your network setup to make sure a valid setting Changes to Configuration are not being retained Be sure to click on button in the Save Configuration page to save any changes Console Interface Cannot show the texts on the terminal emulator 1 The factory default baud rate is 9600 no flow contro...

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