Programming
B: Governor Mode
Programming the „Governor Mode“ in your flight controller continually adjusts the motor speed
up from 0% to 80% of the maximum speed in about 23 seconds if the transmitter sends the control
signal „Full throttle“. For this, you need to programme a fixed value for full throttle on the
transmitter (max. 80%).
With the Governor mode active, the speed is kept near-constant at a load change as well as
undercutting of the throttle value specified in the transmitter (throttle pre-selection/pitch curve)
under 80%.
In case of a high load change (e.g. a helicopter, the maximum pitch deflection is controlled), the
thresholds of the possible speed control are limited by the battery’s current stability and the
maximum torque of the motor. If one of the two possible parameters is exceeded, the speed
control can no longer work completely either. The function „Governor-Mode“ is recommended for
helicopters.
Governor-Mode 1 is designed for motors with a low number of turns (less than 50000 turns).
Governor-Mode 2 is designed for motors with a high number of turns (above 50000 turns).
The number of turns is calculated as follows:
Number of turns = (number of motor pins) x (motor KV) x (battery rated voltage)
Example: (8-pin motor) x (1040 KV) x (6-cell Lipo battery á 3.7 V) = 184704
Programme Governor-Mode 2 according to the example. It is possible that the flight controller
does not speed up to the speed programmed in the transmitter in spite of correct selection of
mode 1 or 2 according to the flight controller’s calculation. In this case, programme the respective
other Governor-Mode.
If the Governor-Mode is programmed, the motor brake is deactivated independently of the earlier
programming and the motor’s output is controlled back when undervoltage is reached.
If you adjust „full throttle“ back to „motor off“ within 3 seconds of speed increase, soft start is off
for the next motor start within 3 seconds. If repeated start-up of the motor is more than 3 seconds
before the last „motor off“ control signal the softstart is activated again.
Function 8: Motor rotating direction
This function changes the rotating direction of the motor without swapping the cables between
the speed controller and the motor.
Function 9: Starting characteristics
Here you can set the starting characteristics when moving the transmitter’s control lever towards
full throttle. The higher the value set, the stronger the motor’s initial torque.
The values 10% - 20% correspond to a soft start-up, the values 25% to 35% correspond to a
harder start-up and the values 40% to 50% to a hard start-up.
Function 10: Behaviour in case of undervoltage
Select how the flight controller is to react if undervoltage recognition is activated (see function 3).
Select „reduction“ to reduce motor power when the undervoltage limit is reached. Select
„deactivation“ to deactivate the motor completely when the undervoltage limit is reached.
Sound sequence Function
1x short
2x short
3x short
4x short
1x long
1x long, 1x short 1x long, 2x short 1x long, 3x short
1x long, 4x short
1x short
1: Motor brake
Off
Weak
Medium
Strong
2x short
2: Battery type
NiCd/NiMH
LiPo
LiFe
3x short
3. Undervoltage recognition
2.8 V (0.71 V) 3.0 V (0.74 V) 3.2 V (0.8 V)
off
4x short
4: Works settings
Reset
1x long
5: Motor -Timming
Auto
2°
8°
15°
22°
30°
1x long, 1x short 6: SBEC voltage (for SBEC-type only)
5.0 V
5.5 V
6.0 V
1x long, 2x short 7: Governor mode
Off
Softstart 1
Softstart 2
Governor 1 Governor 2
1x long, 3x short 8: Motor rotating speed
Normal
Reverse
1x long, 4x short 9: Start-up characteristics
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
2x long
10: Behaviour in case of undervoltage
Reduction
Switch-off
Sound sequences for displaying the current settings for the selected functions
This programming can be changed with a programming card available as an accessory or setting
menu of the flight controller. The programming card is not part of the delivery and must be ordered
separately.
a) Description of the Setting Functions of the Flight Controllers
Function 1: Motor brake:
When the brake is programmed to „off“, the motor will shut down unbraked after throttle is taken
away. Set one brake (low, medium, strong) to additionally electronically brake the motor after
throttle is taken away. This function is recommended for folding rotors.
Function 2: Battery type:
Independently of the setting of the battery type (NiCd/NiMH, LiPo/LiFe), the connected number
of cells is determined automatically (if the battery is full).
To avoid harmful deep discharges of the battery, the motor’s output is reduced matching the cell
number and battery time or the motor switched off in time by a programmed undervoltage
recognition (characteristic programmable, see „10: Behaviour in case of undervoltage“).
If you choose the battery type „NiCd/NiMH“, undervoltage recognition „0.74 V / cell“ is set
automatically. For „LiPo“ and „LiFe“, this value is 3.0 V / cell.
Undervoltage recognition may be defined or switched off in the following menu item
(3: undervoltage recognition).
Function 3: Undervoltage recognition
In this function, you may switch off the undervoltage recognition (recommended for helicopters)
or concretely define the undervoltage recognition. For NiCd/NiMH, we recommend 0.8 V / cell,
for LiPo 3.2 V / cell and for LiFe 3.0 V / cell.
Function 4: Factory setting
The flight controllers may be reset to factory settings by setting menu or via the optional
programming card. The following values can be set here: Motor brake off; battery type LiPo;
undervoltage recognition 3.0 V / cell or 0.74 V / cell in NiCd/NiMH-batteries; motor timing to „auto“;
voltages from the BEC to 5 V (only for SBEC types); Governor mode off; regular rotating direction;
starting power 30%; power reduction at undervoltage recognition.
Function 5: Motor Timming
This function influences the brushless motor’s running characteristics (similar to early ignition of
a combustion engine).
The following options are available: „auto“ (recommended); 2°, 8°, 15° 22° and 30°.
Changing motor timming changes very many parameters, including the power values. Therefore,
also observe compliance with the motor and flight controller specifications. Also observe the
temperatures of the components named in operation.
If you do not have the corresponding specialist know-how and matching measuring equipment,
we recommend the setting „auto“. In the setting „auto“, the best setting used for the motor is
automatically set.
Function 6: SBEC voltage
In this function, the output voltage of the BEC for flight controllers with „SBEC“ can be set to
5.0 V, 5.5 V or 6.0 V.
In flight controllers without BEC (type „Opto 120 A“) or regular BEC, this function can
be selected but programming has no effects!
Function 7: Governor mode
A: Softstart
Programming the „Softstart 1“ continually adjusts the motor speed up from 0% (depending on the
programmed value for the starting characteristics) to 100% in about 8 seconds if the transmitter
sends the control signal „Full throttle“. At „Softstart 2“, this „increase“ takes about 18 seconds.
The „Softstart“ function is recommended if you want to control the motor of an electric glider by
switch on the transmitter.
If you adjust „full throttle“ back to „motor off“ within 3 seconds of activation, soft start is off for the
next motor start within 3 seconds. If repeated start-up of the motor is more than 3 seconds before
the last „motor off“ control signal the softstart is activated again.
