Lampoassa ELI 60-90, User Manual

Page: 4 / 62

4
USER MANUAL
100% GEOTHERMAL HEAT
2.1. Lämpöässä structure and operating principle
The Lämpöässä ESi/EMi/ELi series are especially suitable for use as the
primary heating system of new and renovated residential buildings and
secondary residences. In order to ensure trouble-free operation, all
Lämpöässä geothermal heat pumps have been test-run, set up and
tested by the manufacturer. If a geothermal heat pump is being used in
the part-power configuration, for example, because high temperature is
required in the radiator system, the heating system must be dimensioned
and adjusted so that the return water temperature is always below +55
°C. By part-power we hereby mean that the electric heating element
(immersion heater) is allowed to switch on if necessary.
Because Lämpöässä ESi/EMi/ELi series doesn’t include integrated sto-
rage tank, it needs a separate storage tank to function. The size and
structure of the storage tank can be chosen due to the need for hot
domestic water. For the operating principle and main components of Esi/
Emi series, see the picture on page 6. The picture has also been dis-
cussed in Sections 2.1.1-2.1.3.
2.1.1. Heat collection circuit
The geothermal heat system circulates water/ethanol mixture protected
against freezing in the heat collection circuit in order to collect thermal
energy accumulated in soil through solar radiation. The heat collection
piping used comprises a bore hole or plastic pipe (PEM 40/10) placed at
least 1-1.2 metres deep in soil or at least 3 metres deep in water. The
circulating mixture warms up by a few degrees and delivers this thermal
energy to the geothermal heat pump’s EVAPORATOR (1), i.e., the heat
exchanger. The temperature of the heat collection fluid arriving from the
soil to the evaporator is approx. 0 ºC.* This temperature can be lower in
winter and higher in summer. At the evaporator, the energy of the heat
collection fluid is transferred to the low-pressure refrigerant circulating
inside the heat pump. The refrigerant is evaporated using the thermal
energy.
2.1.2. Compressor unit
From the evaporator, refrigerant vapour is transferred to COMPRESSOR
(2) for ramping up the pressure. This is accompanied by steep tempera-
ture rise. In the course of the heat pump process, the refrigerant tem-
perature is the highest after the compressor, in excess of 100 ºC, and the
refrigerant is referred to as ’hot gas’.
1. Safety
In order to ensure trouble-free operation of the Lämpöässä geothermal
heating system and achieve the best efficiency, the system must be
transported and installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s instruc-
tions. After performance of installation works, the installation checklist
must be reviewed in order to minimise the risk of potential errors. The
manufacturer shall not accept any responsibility for equipment defects or
related expenses caused through installation faults.
The pipe and electrical installations for the Lämpöässä geothermal heat-
ing systems can only be installed by qualified persons. If problems
should occur during installation, we recommend that you contact your
dealer or consult with Lämpöässä maintenance specialists by phone.
If the fault symbol is displayed on the touch screen, a system
malfunction has occurred. Press this button to display infor-
mation on the cause of the malfunction.
Press this button for additional information on the touch
screen data.
2. Geothermal heating system operation
A geothermal (or ground source) heat pump can extract geothermal heat
from soil, water bodies or a bore hole. For an overview of the heat pump
and its operating environment, see the picture below. Of the total thermal
energy required for heating, Lämpöässä collects more than 75% from
natural sources. For thermal energy collection, approx. 25% of electrical
energy is required for running the various system components.
The geothermal heating system consists of heat collection piping, water/
ethanol (ethyl alcohol) mixture circulating within the piping, and a
ground source heat pump unit. The ground source heat pump unit com-
prises an integrated hot water storage tank, compressor, heat exchang-
ers, and closed refrigerant circuit, i.e., compressor unit. The heat collec-
tion fluid in the ground circuit, the refrigerant and the water in the
heating network never mix at any stage of the process. Heat is transferred
between fluids using plate heat exchangers.
i