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reported as Jackson Turbidity Units (JTU). The lowest turbidity that 

can be determined with this method is about 25 NTU. There are two 

common methods for instruments to measure turbidity. Instruments 

can measure the attenuation of a light beam passing through a 

sample and they can measure the scattered light from a light beam 

passing through a sample. In the attenuation method, the intensity 

of a light beam passing through a turbid sample is compared with 

the intensity passing through a turbidity-free sample at 180° from the 

light source. This method is good for highly turbid samples. The most 

common instrument for measuring scattered light in a water sample is 

a nephelometer. A nephelometer measures light scattered at 90° to the 

light beam. Light scattered at other angles may also be measured, but 

the 90° angle defi nes a nephelometric measurement. The light source 

for nephelometric measurements can be one of two types to meet EPA 

or ISO specifi cations. The EPA specifi es a tungsten lamp with a color 

temperature of 2,200–3,000 K. The units of measurement for the EPA 

method are nephelometric turbidity units (NTU). The ISO specifi es a light 

emitting diode (LED) with a wavelength of 860 ± 30 nm and a spectral 

bandwidth less than or equal to 60 nm. The units of measurement for 

the ISO method are formazin nephelometric units (FNU). The 2020we 

meets the EPA specifi cation and the 2020wi meets the ISO specifi cation. 

The nephelometric method is most useful for low turbidity.
The 2020we/wi is a nephelometer that is capable of measuring turbidity 

by both the attenuation method and the nephelometric method. It uses 

a detector placed at 180° to the light source for high turbidity samples. 

It uses a detector placed at 90° to the light source for the nephelometric 

method for low turbidity samples. The 2020we/wi has a signal averaging 

option to improve the stability of readings on low turbidity samples.
The 2020we/wi has two different turbidity calibrations, formazin and 

Japan Standard. The formazin calibration is the EPA and ISO approved 

method of calibrating nephelometers. This calibration can be used with 

user prepared formazin standards or commercially purchased formazin 

standards. LaMotte Company approved AMCO

TM

 standards labeled for 

use with the 2020we/wi can also be used with the formazin calibration. 

Stablcal

®

 standards below 50 NTU should not be used to calibrate the 

2020we/wi. 
The Japan Standard calibration is a calibration for a Japanese Water 

Works standard. It is based on Japanese formulated polystyrene 

turbidity standards. This calibration should only be used to meet 

Japanese Water Works requirements. The Japanese polystyrene 

standards can only be purchased in Japan. Formazin, AMCO and 

Stablcal

®

 standards cannot be used with this calibration.

14

Summary of Contents for 2020we

Page 1: ...2020we wi 1970 EPA 1970 ISO...

Page 2: ......

Page 3: ...t is Turbidity 13 How is Turbidity Measured 13 Turbidity Units 15 Taking Turbidity Water Samples 16 Sample Dilution Techniques 17 OPTIONS SETUP Factory Default Settings 17 Averaging 18 Turbidity Optio...

Page 4: ...erview 51 The Keypad 52 The Display and Menus 52 Negative Results 54 Tubes and Chambers 54 MAINTENANCE Cleaning 55 Repairs 55 Meter Disposal 56 4 Refer to the Quick Start Guide for simplified Calibrat...

Page 5: ...ater from wet tubes from entering the meter chamber NEVER PUT WET TUBES IN THE METER SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Read the label on all reagent containers Some labels include precautionary notices and first aid...

Page 6: ...9 NTU FNU Range 1 NTU FNU 110 4000 NTU FNU Range Accuracy From 0 2 5 NTU FNU the accuracy is 0 05 NTU FNU From 2 5 100 NTU FNU the accuracy is 2 Above 100 NTU FNU the accuracy is 3 Detection Limit 0...

Page 7: ...e analyte 1 Note that As Dr William Horwitz once stated In almost all cases when dealing with a limit of detection or limit of determination the primary purpose of determining that limit is to stay aw...

Page 8: ...independent of matrix glassware and other sample handling sources of error It is the detection limit for the optical system of the meter 1 CFR 40 part 136 appendix B 2 Statistics in Analytical Chemis...

Page 9: ...Standard 60 mL 1451 1454 Water Sample Bottle 60 mL 0688 0688 Tubes 6 Cable USB 3 ft 1720 1720 USB Wall Adapter 1721 1721 Accessories Code Description 1452 100 NTU Standard 60 mL EPA 1455 100 FNU Stand...

Page 10: ...2 years from the date of shipment If it should become necessary to return the instrument for service during or beyond the warranty period contact our Technical Service Department at 1 800 344 3100 fo...

Page 11: ...outlet Reinsert the USB port plug after charging To charge the battery from a computer plug the smaller end of the USB cable USB mini B connector into the meter and the larger end of the USB cable USB...

Page 12: ...he lithium ion battery used in this unit should last for many years with normal use When it no longer powers the unit long enough to meet testing requirements it will need to be replaced Lithium ion b...

Page 13: ...oridium There is presently consideration to lower this to 0 1 NTU The trend has been to check the calibration of on line turbidimeters with hand held field units The optical design and low detection l...

Page 14: ...ISO method are formazin nephelometric units FNU The 2020we meets the EPA specification and the 2020wi meets the ISO specification The nephelometric method is most useful for low turbidity The 2020we w...

Page 15: ...e light that is attenuated by high turbidity samples they may continue to report the results as NTU Recently there has been an effort to use the units of turbidity measurements to indicate which type...

Page 16: ...than 60 nm 180 detection 2020wi ISO 7027 ASBC American Society of Brewing Chemists 2020we wi Not applicable EBC European Brewery Convention 2020we wi Not applicable The 2020we and 2020wi each use two...

Page 17: ...L line with the sample and then transfer it to another container Add 10 mL volumes of deionized water to the container and mix Transfer 10 mL of the diluted sample to the colorimeter tube and follow t...

Page 18: ...iefly hold to turn the meter on The LaMotte logo screen will appear for about 3 seconds and the Main Menu will appear Main Menu Measure Data Logging Options Run PC Link 12 00 00 001 500 2 Press to scr...

Page 19: ...Press ENTER to save the selection The screen will display Storing for about 1 second and return to the Options Menu Options Menu Averaging Turbidity Options Set Clock Set PWR Save 12 00 00 001 500 NOT...

Page 20: ...ds and the Main Menu will appear Main Menu Measure Data Logging Options Run PC Link 12 00 00 001 500 2 Press to scroll to Options Main Menu Measure Data Logging Options Run PC Link 12 00 00 001 500 3...

Page 21: ...easurements will be made with the 180 detector only as indicated by AU attenuation units or FAU formazin anttenuation units on the display AU and FAU are numberically equivalent to NTU See page 15 for...

Page 22: ...Main Menu Measure Data Logging Options Run PC Link 12 00 00 001 500 3 Press ENTER to select Options Press to scroll to Turbidity Options Options Menu Averaging Turbidity Options Set Options Set PWR Sa...

Page 23: ...mazin Japan Standard 12 00 00 001 500 NOTE Stablcal standards below 50 NTU should not be used to calibrate the 2020we wi The diluent has a different refractive index than traditional formazin standard...

Page 24: ...00 3 Press ENTER to select Options Press to scroll to Set Clock Options Menu Averaging Turbidity Options Set Clock Set PWR Save 12 00 00 001 500 4 Press ENTER to select Set Clock The date is displayed...

Page 25: ...ER to select the final character The time and date will be saved and the screen will return to the Options Menu Options Menu Averaging Turbidity Options Set Clock Set PWR Save 12 00 00 001 500 25 Opti...

Page 26: ...l appear for about 3 seconds and the Main Menu will appear Main Menu Measure Data Logging Options Run PC Link 12 00 00 001 500 2 Press to scroll to Options Main Menu Measure Data Logging Options Run P...

Page 27: ...o scroll to desired setting Auto Shutoff Disable 5 Minutes 15 Minutes 30 Minutes 12 00 00 001 500 7 Press ENTER to save the selection The screen will display Storing for about 1 second and return to t...

Page 28: ...measurements to avoid interference from stray light NOTE The backlight feature uses a significant amount of power The longer the backlight is on the more frequently the battery will have to be charged...

Page 29: ...rol 10 Seconds 20 Seconds 30 Seconds 12 00 00 001 500 6 Press or to scroll to desired setting Backlight Time Button Control 10 Seconds 20 Seconds 30 Seconds 12 00 00 001 500 7 Press ENTER to save the...

Page 30: ...ging Options Run PC Link 12 00 00 001 500 2 Press to scroll to Options Main Menu Measure Data Logging Options Run PC Link 12 00 00 001 500 3 Press ENTER to select Options Options Menu Averaging Turbid...

Page 31: ...d return to the Options Menu To retain the current user level calibration settings press EXIT to abort the Factory Reset Options Menu Done Enter Continue 12 00 00 001 500 7 Press ENTER to return to th...

Page 32: ...Options Run PC Link 12 00 00 001 500 2 Press to scroll to Options Main Menu Measure Data Logging Options Run PC Link 12 00 00 001 500 3 Press ENTER to select Options Options Menu Averaging Turbidity...

Page 33: ...to the Options Menu Options Menu Set PWR Save aging Set Backlight Time Factory Reset Select Language 12 00 00 001 500 NOTE If the meter unintentionally switches to another language use the procedure...

Page 34: ...ter on The LaMotte logo screen will appear for about 3 seconds and the Main Menu will appear Main Menu Measure Data Logging Options Run PC Link 12 00 00 001 500 2 Press to scroll to Data Logging Main...

Page 35: ...01 500 6 Press EXIT to return to the Logging menu Press or to scroll to disable the logging options or erase the log Press ENTER to select the option The screen will display Storing for about 1 second...

Page 36: ...e used in the following examples For the most accurate results a user calibration should be performed The Japan Standard calibration mode as indicated by J in the Menu bar should be used only with Jap...

Page 37: ...mended that the meter be calibrated daily 1 Press and briefly hold to turn the meter on The LaMotte logo screen will appear for about 3 seconds and the Main Menu will appear Main Menu Measure Data Log...

Page 38: ...e most accurate results use the same tube for the blank and the sample l 6 Fill the tube to the fill line with the blank Pour the blank down the inside of the tube to avoid creating bubbles Cap the tu...

Page 39: ...lean tube 0290 or the same tube three times with the standard l 11 Fill the tube to the fill line with the standard Pour the standard down the inside of the tube to avoid creating bubbles Cap the tube...

Page 40: ...nt dark background with light characters will appear to indicate that the reading can be adjusted Turbidity WB F 0 99 NTU Scan Sample Calibrate 12 00 00 001 500 17 Press or to scroll to the concentrat...

Page 41: ...three times removing the tube from the chamber after each scan and reinserting the tube in the chamber with the same orientation The readings should be consistent Use the last consistent reading to c...

Page 42: ...the sample l 5 Fill the tube to the fill line with the sample Pour the sample down the inside of the tube to avoid creating bubbles Cap the tube 6 Wipe the tube thoroughly with a lint free cloth 7 Ope...

Page 43: ...ep is not as critical for samples above 10 NTU The meter should always be blanked before reading samples below 10 NTU 1 Press and briefly hold to turn the meter on The LaMotte logo screen will appear...

Page 44: ...d below 1 NTU the meter should be blanked with a 0 NTU Primary Standard or prepared turbidity free 0 1 NTU water For the most accurate results use the same tube for the blank and the sample l 6 Fill t...

Page 45: ...Done for about 1 second and then return to the Turbidity With Blank menu Turbidity WB F Scan Blank Scan Sample 12 00 00 001 500 10 Rinse a clean tube 0290 or the same tube three times with the sample...

Page 46: ...when diluted Turbidity Free Water The definition of low turbidity and turbidity free water has changed as filter technology has changed and nephelometric instruments have become more sensitive At one...

Page 47: ...ng at least two syringes full of deionized water through the filtering apparatus to remove foreign matter The first and second rinses should be discarded Turbidity free water as prepared with the foll...

Page 48: ...ace the filter and fill the syringe with approximately 50 mL of deionized water Filter the water into the storage container and save this turbidity free water 6 Repeat Step 5 until the desired amount...

Page 49: ...ow concentrations use the same tube for the blank and the sample 15 Always insert tube into the meter chamber with the same amount of pressure and to the same depth 16 Occasionally clean the chamber w...

Page 50: ...tside of acceptable range Dilute sample and test again Error1 High readings with 90 and 180 detectors Dilute sample by at least 50 and retest Lost in meter menus Reset to factory default settings Foll...

Page 51: ...le measurements The microprocessor and optics enable a dynamic range and auto ranging over several ranges Energy efficient LED light sources are used for ISO turbidity EPA turbidity uses a tungsten fi...

Page 52: ...ader displays the title of the current menu The footer line displays the time and the date the data logger status and the battery status The menu selection window is in the middle of the display betwe...

Page 53: ...t results or error messages or the LaMotte logo is displayed The top two lines of the display are used to display information in a large easy to read format The menus work in the same way as previousl...

Page 54: ...n indicate that the sample was at or near the detection limit This is a normal variation that results in a negative reading A large negative reading however is not normal and indicates a problem Some...

Page 55: ...ty in results Slight variations in wall thickness and the diameter of the tubes may lead to slight variations in the test results To eliminate this error the tubes should be placed in the chamber with...

Page 56: ...hazardous to health and the environment To avoid harm to the environment and natural resources the use of appropriate take back systems is recommended The crossed out wheeled bin symbol on the meter...

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Page 60: ...802 Washington Ave Chestertown Maryland 21620 USA 410 778 3100 800 344 3100 www lamotte com 1970 MN 02 01 12...

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