Komatsu D31EX-21, Operation & Maintenance Manual, Page: 156 / 256

TRANSPORTATION
OPERATION
3-104
LOADING, UNLOADING WORK 3
WARNING
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Since loading and unloading of the machine is dangerous, be extremely careful.
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When loading or unloading the machine, operate it slowly with the engine speed low and the speed
range at 1st or less.
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Use ramps having sufficient width, length, thickness, and strength. Install them securely and set their
angle to 15° or less.
If the ramps are deflected appreciably, reinforce them with blocks.
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Perform the loading work of the machine on firm, level ground. Secure sufficient distance between the
shoulder of the road and the trailer.
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Remove mud from the undercarriage of the machine so that the machine will not slip sideways on the
ramps. In addition, remove water, snow, ice, grease, oil, etc. from the ramps.
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Never steer the machine on the ramps, since steering on the ramps can cause the machine to tip over.
If it is necessary to change the travel direction, return to the ground or to the bed of the trailer, then
change the travel direction.
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The center of gravity of the machine shifts suddenly at the border between the ramps and trailer, and
the machine is unbalanced and becomes dangerous. Accordingly, pass the border slowly.
When loading or unloading, always use ramps or a platform and carry out the operation as follows.
LOADING WORK
1. Load and unload on firm level ground only.
Maintain a safe distance from the edge of a road.
2. Properly apply the brakes on the trailer and put blocks
under the tires to ensure that the trailer does not move.
Make the slope of the ramps a maximum of 15°.
3. Start the engine.
In a cold weather, carry out an engine warming-up run, referring to the section, “STARTING IN COLD
WEATHER (3-82)“, in this manual.
Blocks
Block
Max. 15°
Distance
between ramps
Ramp