- 8 -
Boiler body (
1
) (
see fig. 1
), welded from steel sheets has water spaces where
water is heated. Body’s internal part walls are 6 mm thick, external part 3 mm
thick. Body is covered with decorative shields with heat insulation (
15
). Front part
is closed with decorative door (
27
).
In the front part of the boiler there is thermal pressure gauge (
30
); fuel loading
chamber door (
29
); draught regulator (
28
) controlling primary air supply valves
(
24
); hearth door (
2
3), behind it there is cast iron door (
25
); sooth removal cover
(
21
).
Inside the body there is firing valve installed (
6
), opening the way for flue to
get directly to the chimney, used during boiler firing or additionally loading fuel.
Air necessary for combustion, is supplied through firegrate (
22
) and secondary air
holes (14). From the bottom there is fuel loading chamber cover (
2
) and, under the
closable decorative shield (
7
) there is service cover (
5
) for cleaning of inner
surfaces of the boiler.
In the sides of the boiler there are secondary air regulation valves (
14
).
In the rear part of the boiler there is water discharge branch (
17
), returning
cooled (
16
) and discharged hot (
8
) water branches, flue pipe (
9
).
In the rear wall below flue pipe (
9
), closed with cover, there is the place to
fasten separately purchase exhauster node
DM-01
(
11
).
In the side wall of the boiler, under decorative coating, there is branch welded
(
4
) used for installation of boiler cooling coil.
In the boiler’s heat exchanger there are turbulizers suspended (
12
) which
improve heat take-away. If chimney draught is insufficient, turbulizers are
recommended to remove.
In the lower part of secondary combustion chamber (
13
) there are heat-proof
concrete bricks (
18
) installed, which maintain high temperature in the chamber,
assure full combustion of flue gas, which results in reduced volumes of harmful
pollutants emission into atmosphere.
Into the boiler, having unscrewed heating element socket cover (
4
), it is
possible to install separately purchased 3x1,5…3x2 kW electric heating elements
(with 2" thread) with temperature regulation and emergency thermostats or
without them.
It is prohibited
to change boiler construction without permission.
5.
Transportation and storage
Boilers are stored and transported fastened onto wooden pallet and twisted
with polythene film, of nothing else is agreed in the supply agreement
(see
fig.2a.
).
Boilers are allowed to transport exclusively in vertical position with any kind
of covered transport. If weather is dry, open transport is allowed. Extra measures
have to be taken to protect boilers from falling down, scratching against each
other. During loading/unloading/transportation it is prohibited to beat, turn, throw
the boilers.
- 25 -
KALVIS - 2-30U, -2-40U 2012.02.06
The following is necessary:
•
Periodically (twice a year) check if grounding is working properly;
•
Before cleaning the boiler disconnect it from electric power network.
10.
Wearing parts in boiler use
Sealing parts from glass fibre; cast iron firegrate (
21
) (
see fig. 1
) and doors
(
24
); heat-proof concrete parts (
18
) (
see fig. 1 and 5
) can become worn, burn
out, disintegrate while in use.
These parts are available for purchase at boiler manufacturer or its agents.
Note.
It is advisable to use only manufacturer’s original spare parts.
11.
Fuel types and properties
Combustion heat of absolutely dry wood actually doesn’t depend on wood
spice and is equal about 4500 kcal/kg. So, as to assess different wood species,
one should take into consideration their comparative weight. Weight per cubic
metre of various firewood species is as follows:
- oak firewood
- 500 kg;
- birch firewood
- 450 kg;
- fir firewood
- 330 kg;
- aspen firewood
- 330 kg.
The damper is firewood the less is its caloric content. Wet firewood
caloricity reduction, compared with dry firewood (dampness ~20 %) is as
follows:
- 30 % moisture
- 10
÷
15 %;
- 50 % moisture
- 35
÷
40 %.
Just cut tree contains 35
÷
60 % water. Tree cut in the beginning of winter
contains least quantity of water. Hardwood contains less water.
Wood has to be cut and split to make firewood. Firewood, after one year
spent in garret is of 20
÷
25 % moisture.
After two years it is 13
÷
17 %, and this means that after drying less fuel is
needed than combustion with damp firewood.
Equal weight of firewood and peat give similar heat quantity.
1 kg of coal gives 2
÷
3 times more heat than 1 kg of firewood, due to this
reason, coal change into hearth should not exceed 10 kg.
Volume of air needed to combust 1 kg of firewood is 4
÷
5 m
3
, for coal - 10
m
3
.
The poorer quality is fuel, the more ash it generates.
Combustion of 1 kg average caloricity coal gives about 6500 kcal
(7,56 kWh).
Example
