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Intepro Systems
www.inteproate.com
PS 9000 3U Series
3.
Operation and application
3.1
Important notes
3.1.1 Personal safety
•
In order to guarantee safety when using the device, it is essential that only persons operate
the device who are fully acquainted and trained in the required safety measures to be taken
when working with dangerous electrical voltages
•
For models which can generate a voltage which is dangerous by contact, or is connected to
such, the included DC terminal cover, or an equivalent, must always be used
•
Whenever the load and DC output are being re-configured, the device should be disconnected
from the mains, not only the DC output switched off!
3.1.2 General
•
Unloaded operation isn’t considered as a normal operation mode and can thus lead to false
measurements, for example when calibrating the device
•
The optimal working point of the device is between 50% and 100% voltage and current
•
It’s recommended to not run the device below 10% voltage and current, in order to make sure
technical specifications like ripple and transient times are met
3.2
Operating modes
A power supply is internally controlled by different control or regulation circuits, which shall bring voltage, current
and power to the adjusted values and hold them constant, if possible. These circuits follow typical laws of control
systems engineering, resulting in different operating modes. Every operating mode has its own characteristics
which is explained below in short form.
3.2.1 Voltage regulation / Constant voltage
Voltage regulation is also called constant voltage operation (CV).
The DC output voltage of a power supply is held constant on the adjusted value, unless the output current or the
output power according to P = U
OUT
* I
OUT
reaches the adjusted current or power limit. In both cases the device
will automatically change to constant current or constant power operation, whatever occurs first. Then the output
voltage can’t be held constant anymore and will sink to a value resulting from Ohm’s law.
While the DC output is switched on and constant voltage mode is active, then the condition “CV mode active”
will be indicated on the display by the abbreviation CV and this message will be passed as a signal to the analog
interface, as well stored as status which can be read via digital interface.
3.2.1.1
Transient time after load step
For constant voltage mode (CV), the technical date “Transient time after load step” (see
1.8.3
resp.
1.8.4
) defines
a time that is required by the internal voltage regulator of the device to settle the output voltage after a load step.
Negative load steps, i.e. high load to lower load, will cause the output voltage to overshoot for a short time until
compensated by the voltage regulator. The same occurs with a positive load step, i.e. low load to high load. There
the output collapses for a moment. The amplitude of the overshoot resp. collapse depends on the device model, the
currently adjusted output voltage and the capacity on the DC output and can thus not be stated with a specific value.
Depictions:
Example for a negative load step: the DC output will
rise above the adjusted value for a short time. t =
transient time to settle the output voltage.
Example for a positive load step: the DC output will
collapse below the adjusted value for a short time. t =
transient time to settle the output voltage.
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