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WT.050.200.001.UA.IM.0814

50-200 EVAPORATOR FOR CHLORINE

58

EVOQUA

W3T98237

CAUTION LABELS AND TAGS

The following caution labels and tags are attached to the equipment.
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W2T11771: FOR CHLORINE USE ONLY.
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W2T13514: UNDER NORMAL OPERATING CONDITIONS DEPOSITS WILL

ACCUMULATE IN THE EVAPORATOR CYLINDER AND OVER A
PERIOD OF TIME WILL REDUCE ITS OPERATING CAPACITY. FOR
THIS REASON PERIODIC CLEANING IS REQUIRED TO REMOVE
THESE DEPOSITS. THE INSTRUCTION BOOK PROVIDED WITH
THIS EQUIPMENT PROVIDES COMPLETE DETAILS ON RECOM-
MENDED FREQUENCY AND PROCEDURES TO PROPERLY AC-
COMPLISH THIS CLEANING AND MUST BE REFERRED TO FOR
THAT GUIDANCE.

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L2135:

DO NOT DISCONNECT THIS SEAL ASSEMBLY FROM GAUGE. SEAL
PROOF PRESSURE 840 P.S.I.

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L2137:

DO NOT DISCONNECT THIS SEAL ASSEMBLY FROM PRESSURE
SWITCH. SEAL PROOF PRESSURE 840 P.S.I.

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L3222:

TO PREVENT DAMAGE TO EQUIPMENT, ALWAYS REPLACE COVER
AFTER SERVICING.

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Summary of Contents for Wallace&Tiernan 50-200 Series

Page 1: ...Series 50 200 Evaporator For Chlorine BOOK NO WT 050 200 001 UA IM 0814 W3T198237 ...

Page 2: ...SERIES 50 200 EVAPORATOR FOR CHLORINE BOOK NO WT 050 200 001 UA IM 0814 W3T198237 ...

Page 3: ...SE EVEN IF THAT PURPOSE IS KNOWN TO SELLER If Buyer discovers a defect in mate rial or workmanship it must promptly notify Seller in writing Seller reserves the right to require the return of such defective parts to Seller transportation charges prepaid to verify such defect before this warranty is applicable In no event shall such notification be received by Seller later than 13 months after the ...

Page 4: ...or 1 standard version W3T97879 2 lethal certified version W3T97880 and 3 the MLS versionW3T99684forourcustomerslocatedinthePeople sRepublicofChina Both versions have identical subassembly and component parts except for the pressure cylinder The cylinder in the standard version is fabricated to meet all requirements of Section VIII of the ASME Code for Unfired Pressure Vessels The standard evaporat...

Page 5: ...afety Precautions Chlorine 1 010 40 41 Very Important Safety Precautions SP 1 2 3 Regional Offices 1 010 1 Technical Data Section 1 Installation Section 2 Operation Section 3 Service Section 4 Illustrations Section 5 Spare Parts List Section 6 Literature Manuals Section 7 Chlorine Handling Manual WT 025 000 001 UA IM ...

Page 6: ...UTE RECOMMENDED EMERGENCY PROCEDURES DO NOT TOLERATE ANY CHLORINE LEAKS CHLORINE LEAKS NEVER GET BETTER CHLORINE LEAKS ALWAYS GET PROGRESSIVELY WORSE IF THEY ARE NOT PROMPTLY CORRECTED IT IS RECOMMENDED PRACTICE TO HAVE AN APPROVED GAS MASK AVAILABLE WHEN MAKING LEAK CHECKS AS SOON AS THERE IS ANY INDICATION OF CHLORINE IN THE AIR TAKE IMMEDIATE STEPS TO CORRECT THE CONDITION IMPORTANT INFORMATION...

Page 7: ...E PARTS AS IDENTIFIED ON THE PARTS LIST THE USE OF UNLISTED PARTS CAN RESULT IN EQUIPMENT MALFUNCTIONS HAVE HAZARDOUS CONSEQUENCES DO NOT DISCARD THIS INSTRUCTION BOOK UPON COMPLETION OF INSTALLATION INFORMATION PROVIDED IS ESSENTIAL TO PROPER AND SAFE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE ADDITIONAL OR REPLACEMENT COPIES OF THIS INSTRUCTION BOOK ARE AVAILABLE FROM Evoqua Water Technologies 725 Wooten Road Co...

Page 8: ...T INSTALL A VALVE OF ANY TYPE BETWEEN THE EVAPORATOR DISCHARGE AND THE GAS PRESSURE RELIEF SYSTEM RUN THE OUTFLOW FROM THE RELIEF VALVE TO ATMOSPHERE TERMINATE THE RELIEF LINE IN AN AREA WHERE GAS FUMES CANNOT CAUSE DAMAGE OR INJURY TO PERSONNEL DO NOT TERMINATE THE RELIEF LINE AT A LOCA TION ROUTINELY USED BY PERSONNEL SUCH AS WORK AREAS OR PATHWAYS NOR NEAR WINDOWS OR VENTILATION SYSTEM INTAKES ...

Page 9: ...ION THEREBY LIMITING THE GAS PRESSURE INSIDE THE EVAPORATOR CYLINDER THE TOP OF THE TANK WILL BE HOT 180 F TO AVOID SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY DUE TO HOT SURFACES DO NOT REMOVE OR REINSTALL CAPLUG WITH BARE HANDS USE A GLOVE OR OTHER INSULATING MATERIAL WHEN DRAINING HOT WATER OUT OF HEAT EXCHANGER ALLOW WATER TO COOL BEFORE REMOVING PLUG TO AVOID SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY FROM BURNS DUE TO HOT WATER IN ...

Page 10: ...L FOR RECOM MENDED PROCEDURE USE ONLY Evoqua Water Technologies LISTED PARTS EXCEPT FOR THOSE COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE PARTS IDENTIFIED BY COMPLETE DESCRIPTION ON THE PARTS LIST THE USE OF UNLISTED PARTS CAN RESULT IN EQUIPMENT MALFUNCTIONS CAUSING POSSIBLE SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY DO NOT DISCARD THIS INSTRUCTION BOOK UPON COMPLETION OF INSTALLATION INFORMATION PROVIDED IS ESSENTIAL TO PROPER AND SAFE...

Page 11: ...nt was purchased directly from Evoqua Water Tech nologies Colorado Springs CO contact the office indicated below UNITED STATES 725 Wooten Road Colorado Springs CO 80915 TEL 800 524 6324 CANADA If the equipment was purchased directly from Evoqua Water Technologies Canada contact the nearest office indicated below ONTARIO QUEBEC Evoqua Water Technologies Ltd Evoqua Technologies des Eaux Itee 2045 Dr...

Page 12: ...50 200 EVAPORATOR FOR CHLORINE WT 050 200 001 UA IM 0814 1 EVOQUA W3T98237 SECTION 1 TECHNICAL DATA List Of Contents PARA NO General 1 1 Application 1 2 Technical Data 1 3 ...

Page 13: ...NENTS CAUSING POSSIBLE SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY 1 2 Application The Series 50 200 Evaporator is available for either Indoor or Outdoor Service optional and in the following chlorine evaporating capacities 6 000 lb 24 hr maximum capacity with 12 kW heaters 8 000 lb 24 hr maximum capacity with 15 kW heaters 10 000 lb 24 hr maximum capacity with 18 kW heaters Part numbers for these arrangements are pro...

Page 14: ... 440V 480V and 550V Water Requirements 10 psi minimum city quality water Liquid Chlorine Supply Pressure 30 140 psi NOTE Customer voltage supply corresponding to the nominal must be within the range of the minimum and maximum values of voltage speci fied in Section 2 Table 2 1 Single phase 115V power is not required The controls and equipment obtain single phase power through the use of a 1kVA tra...

Page 15: ...WT 050 200 001 UA IM 0814 50 200 EVAPORATOR FOR CHLORINE 4 EVOQUA W3T98237 ...

Page 16: ...ystem 2 4 Gas Pressure Relief Valve Discharge Piping 2 4 1 Liquid Line Pressure Relief System 2 5 Wiring 2 6 Controls 2 6 1 Heat Exchanger 2 6 2 Hot Water Circulating Pump 2 6 3 Evaporator Gas and Liquid Line Pressure Relief Systems 2 6 4 Illustrations Dimensions 50 200 100 010A B Typical Installation 50 200 110 010A B Installation Evaporator Lifting Method 50 200 110 030 Installation Wiring Evapo...

Page 17: ...us evaporator components see Dwg 50 200 110 010 2 2 Unpacking and Base Mounting a Unfasten and remove shipping crate b If a back cover outdoor option was provided remove it Loosen and re move the bolts located at the top of the evaporator where the enclosure sides are fastened together c Loosen the black quarter turn screws in the side panels of the enclosure NOTE Donotattempttoremovethequarter tu...

Page 18: ... a vacuum regulator check unit or gas pressure reducingvalve mustbeinstalledinthisline RefertoDwg 50 200 110 010for proper installation The vacuum regulator check unit is electrically operated The gas pressure reducing valve can be pilot operated by air or water or can beelectricallyoperated Separateinstructionsarefurnishedwitheithervalve WARNING TOAVOIDPOSSIBLESEVEREPERSONALINJURYOREQUIPMENT DAMA...

Page 19: ...seeDwg 50 202 008 011 Section5 isprovided as a preassembled unit WARNING TO AVOID SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY OR CYLINDER RUPTURE DO NOT INSTALL A VALVE OF ANY TYPE BETWEEN THE EVAPORATOR DISCHARGE AND THE GAS PRESSURE RELIEF SYSTEM RUN THE OUTFLOW FROM THE RELIEF VALVE TO ATMOSPHERE TER MINATE THE RELIEF LINE IN AN AREA WHERE GAS FUMES CANNOT CAUSE DAMAGE OR INJURY TO PERSONNEL DO NOT TERMINATE THE RE...

Page 20: ...the same size as the valve outlet b When discharge lines are long the effect of the back pressure that may be developed therein must be considered c All discharge lines shall be run as direct as is practicable to the point of final release for disposal For the longer lines due consideration shall be given to the advantage of long radius elbow avoidance of close up fittings and the minimizing of ex...

Page 21: ...D CAUSING POSSIBLE SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY 2 6 Wiring The components inside the control box and the equipment inside the evapora tor enclosure have been factory pre wired Customer made connections for power alarms andthegasregulatingvalveareshownonDwg 50 200 130 010 caution Alarm connections on the printed circuit board must be wired toactuateappropriatealarmdevices eithercustomer suppliedorsupplie...

Page 22: ...iate three phase power supply to the disconnect switch located in the upper right hand corner of the control box Connect the ground wire of the supply to the grounding connector provided to the left of the dis connect switch Refer to Figure 2 2 Run these wires through the rigid conduit provided at the top right of the enclosure Figure 2 2 Three Phase Power Supply and Ground Location ...

Page 23: ... 240 212 254 380 336 402 440 389 466 480 424 508 550 486 582 caution If your power supply does not fall within the proper range do not connect power Contact your nearest Evoqua Water Technologies re gional office for assistance NOTE Field wiring must conform to local electrical code requirements 2 6 1 Controls See Dwg 50 200 170 010 The evaporator controls and equipment obtain 120 volt single phas...

Page 24: ...e heater This is the proper heater for this evaporator arrangement For 440 Nominal Voltage Users If the heat exchanger nameplate voltage rating reads as either 440 480 VOLTS or 480 VOLTS do not return the heat exchanger This is the proper heat exchanger for this arrangement 2 6 3 Hot Water Circulating Pump A circulating pump is provided and runs continuously while the evaporator is working The con...

Page 25: ...WT 050 200 001 UA IM 0814 50 200 EVAPORATOR FOR CHLORINE 14 EVOQUA W3T98237 SERIES 50 200 EVAPORATOR DIMENSIONS 50 200 100 010A ISSUE 2 8 14 NOTE A NOT FURNISHED BY Evoqua Water Technologies ...

Page 26: ...50 200 EVAPORATOR FOR CHLORINE WT 050 200 001 UA IM 0814 15 EVOQUA W3T98237 NOTE A NOT FURNISHED BY Evoqua Water Technologies SERIES 50 200 EVAPORATOR DIMENSIONS 50 200 100 010B ISSUE 2 8 14 ...

Page 27: ...R CHLORINE 16 EVOQUA W3T98237 NOTE SEE DWG 50 200 110 010B FOR EXPLANATION OF SYMBOLS SERIES 50 200 EVAPORATOR TYPICAL INSTALLATION 50 200 110 010A ISSUE 1 4 11 BALL VALVES 2 CHLORINE OR CAR BON DIOXIDE AMMONIA OR SULFUR DIOXIDE W2T15486 W2T432596 ...

Page 28: ...NSTITUTE INC OR THE COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION INC FOR ALTERNATE METHOD OF RELIEF DISPOSAL NOTES SURFACE TEMPERATURE MAY REACH 212 F A ACCESSORY ITEM FURNISHED ONLY IF SPECIFICALLY LISTED IN QUOTATION GAS PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE CAN BE FURNISHED BY Evoqua Water Technologies FOR PRESSURE SUPPLY ARRANGEMENTS USE WHEN TWO OR MORE EVAPORATORS ARE MANIFOLDED FOR ONE EVAPORATOR CONNECTION MAY BE AN ALTE...

Page 29: ...UA W3T98237 EVAPORATOR LIFTING METHOD INSTALLATION 50 200 110 030 ISSUE 5 8 14 WARNING TO AVOID POSSIBLE SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY AND EQUIPMENT DAMAGE DO NOT AT TEMPT TO LIFT EVAPORATOR BY INLET AND OUTLET CONNECTIONS NOTE X NOT FURNISHED BY Evoqua Water Technologies ...

Page 30: ... ITEM FURNISHED ONLY IF SPECIFICALLY LISTED IN QUOTATION FIELD WIRING NOT BY EvoquaWater Technologies MUST CONFORM TO LOCAL ELECTRICAL CODES NOMINAL EVAPORATOR VOLTAGE SPECIFIED BY CUSTOMER AT TIME OF ORDER IN THE EVENT OF A LOW WATER TEMPERATURE HIGH WATER TEMPERATURE OR LOW WATER LEVEL CONDITION THE C AND NC TERMINALS ARE CLOSED BY A RELAY TO COMPLETE A CIR CUIT THEREFORE CONNECT APPROPRIATE ALA...

Page 31: ...RATOR FOR CHLORINE 20 EVOQUA W3T98237 SERIES 50 200 EVAPORATOR INSTALLATION WIRING Liquid Line Pressure Relief System Alarm Switch 50 200 130 020 ISSUE 2 8 14 NOTE X NOT FURNISHED BY Evoqua Water Technologies W2T15225 PRESSURE SWITCH NEMA 4 ...

Page 32: ...Contents PARA DWG NO Preparation for Initial Operation 3 1 Controls 3 1 1 Leak Testing 3 1 2 Cathodic Protection System 3 1 3 Enclosure 3 1 4 Operation 3 2 Startup 3 2 1 Operating Routine 3 2 2 Shutdown 3 2 3 Theory of Operation 3 3 Illustrations Operation Evaporator Front Panel Indicators 50 200 170 010 ...

Page 33: ...r level reaches a point just above the bottom of the sightglass At this point the circulating pump will switch on The coil in the contactor for the heat exchanger will be energized resulting in the raising of the temperature of the water bath When the water level reaches normal operating height 2 3 to 3 4 of the height of the sightglass the water level control switch will de energize the solenoid ...

Page 34: ...PERMIT THE REPAIR OF LEAKS IF THE EVAPORATOR IS USED WITHOUT A CHLORINATOR PROVIDE AN ALTERNATE MEANS OF DISPOSAL NOTE Do not install the rupture discs yet wait until instructed to do so a Connect a supply of dry air or nitrogen to the evaporator supply line b Purge the system with the dry air or nitrogen to remove all moisture WARNING TO AVOID SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY DUE TO A CHLORINE LEAK S THE S...

Page 35: ... system to slightly below the chlorine supply pressure Open the chlorine container gas valve and allow some chlorine gas to enter the system Turn off the chlorine repressurize with the dry air or nitrogen supply to 150 psi and test for leaks with 26 Baume solution of ammonia If a cloud of white mist forms when the ammonia solution is held near a pipe joint a chlorine leak is present and must be co...

Page 36: ...y filled and up to operating temperature approximately 180 F open the liquid valve slowly and check this new connection for leaks WARNING ONCE THE LIQUID SUPPLY VALVE HAS BEEN OPENED ALL VALVES IN THE LIQUID SUPPLY LINE MUST BE LEFT OPEN UNTIL EITHER THE SUPPLY OF LIQUID HAS BEEN EXHAUSTED OR THE SUP PLY LINE AND EVAPORATOR ARE BEING EMPTIED BY THE CHLORI NATOR OR OTHER MEANS OF DISPOSAL FAILURE T...

Page 37: ...and adjust for a 25 to 50 reading NOTE One quarter lb of chemical is all that is required at each addition of chemical Using more than 1 4 lb will not increase the efficiency of the cathodic protection system caution Always replace caplug after adding sodium sulfate solution This will prevent the introduction of foreign objects or substances into the water bath 3 1 4 Enclosure Replace the enclosur...

Page 38: ...ns of the evaporator CATHODICPROTECTIONAMMETER Referto paragraph 3 1 Preparation For Initial Operation The meter may not indicate current for the first several months of service Normal operating current is between 50 and 250 milli amps Ifitexceedsthisvalue itmaybereducedbyturningcounterclockwise the knob located to the right of the milliammeter If the current is allowed to rise above 250 milliamps...

Page 39: ... the chlorine will pick up heat during its passage through the evaporator The additional heat picked up is called Superheat The amount of superheat at a particular time is function of the difference in temperatures between the water bath and the liquid chlorine the efficiency of heat transfer through the wall of the chlorine cylinder and the rate of withdrawal of gaseous chlorine The face of the p...

Page 40: ...equate reserve capacity to ac cept the maximum contents being forced from the evaporator cylinder do not stop chlorination WARNING TO AVOID RUPTURE OF THE SUPPLY CONTAINER CAUSING POSSIBLE SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY CLOSE THE SUPPLY VALVE AND USE THE CHLORINATOR OR GAS DISPOSAL SYSTEM TO COMPLETELY EVACUATE THE EVAPORATOR CYLINDER AND ITS CONNECTING PIPE LINES NOTE Thewarningaboveappliesifasituationis...

Page 41: ... supply tank through the nipple and remaining liquid will be evaporated by the heat of the water bath b At the end of this period shut the supply valve at the tank car or the ton container immediately open the evaporator outlet valve and run the chlorinator to exhaust the gas in the evaporator and the gas and liquid in the inlet line c When the evaporator pressure gauge reads zero the chlorine out...

Page 42: ...face in the gas filled portion of the cylinder superheats the chlorine vapor When the entering liquid chlorine contacts the hot inner surface of the evapo rator cylinder it boils inside this cylinder When sufficient gas has formed to satisfythedemandofthechlorinationprocess theincomingliquidchlorineflow stabilizesbecausethepressureintheevaporatorcylinderandsupplycontainer have equalized If too muc...

Page 43: ...WT 050 200 001 UA IM 0814 50 200 EVAPORATOR FOR CHLORINE 32 EVOQUA W3T98237 EVAPORATOR FRONT PANEL INDICATORS OPERATION 50 200 170 010 ISSUE 0 4 88 ...

Page 44: ...4 7 2 Power and Alarm Lights on Control Box 4 8 Hot Water Circulating Pump 4 9 Evaporator Pressure Relief System 4 10 Liquid Line Pressure Relief System 4 11 In Place Cleaning of the Evaporator Cylinder 4 12 Five Year Inspection of Evaporator Cylinder 4 13 Operational Inspection of the Pressure Relief Systems 4 14 Evaporator Gas Pressure Relief System 4 14 1 Liquid Line Pressure Relief System 4 14...

Page 45: ... TO PREVENT THE ENTRANCE OF MOISTURE MOISTURE INCLUDING ATMOSPHERIC WHEN COM BINED WITH CHLORINE IS HIGHLY CORROSIVE TO PIPING WHEN CHANGING CHLORINE SUPPLY CONTAINERS PREVENT THE ENTRANCE OF MOISTURE INTO THE CHLORINE PIPING BY PLUGGING OPEN ENDS OR USING AUX ILIARY TON CONTAINER VALVES 4 1 1 Inspection When performing preventive maintenance or servicing of the evaporator perform the following in...

Page 46: ...ws WARNING TO AVOID A MAJOR RELEASE OF CHLORINE CAUSING POS SIBLESEVEREPERSONALINJURY DONOTREMOVETHEPRESSURERELIEF SYSTEMWHILETHEEVAPORATORISPRESSURIZED BEFOREATTEMPTING TO SERVICE THE PRESSURE RELIEF SYSTEM FOLLOW STEPS a 1 A 2 and A 3 IN PARAGRAPH 4 12 If after performing steps a1 a2 and a3 in paragraph 4 12 the pressure switch remains actuated chlorine under pressure is still present in the pre...

Page 47: ...wiring and the conduit to the switch and replace the front cover i Energize the alarm portion of the electrical circuit 4 5 Automatic Water Level Control and Low Level Switches Water level is sensed by four stainless steel probes one common one low level and two differential service mounted in the probe housing block on the top of the tank Two independent switches are actuated by these probes The ...

Page 48: ...alarm will activate and reset b Close drain tightly when testing is completed 4 6 3 Pressure Switch Evaporator Relief System a Remove the switch cover b Using a thin screwdriver operate the microswitch and observe operation of the alarm WARNING TO AVOID POSSIBLE SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY FROM ELEC TRICAL SHOCK BE CAREFUL NOT TO TOUCH THE METAL SCREWS ON THE TERMINALS THEY ARE CONNECTED TO 115 VOLTS c...

Page 49: ...is maintained the anodes will deteriorate quickly and the anode debris will be too large to be washed out of the water tank drain 4 7 1 Anode Removal The anodes can be replaced during the annual inspection The Evaporator should be shut down by following section 4 12 In Place Cleaning of the Evaporator Cylinder to and including step a 3 Continue by performing the following Refer to dwg 50 200 060 0...

Page 50: ...tuallyburnout SeeSection6 Spare PartsList forinformationonorderingreplacementbulbs Therecommendation for bulb replacement is as follows a Perform the Short Term Shutdown in section 3 2 3 a c b Turnofftheincoming3 phasepowerattheevaporatorcontrolsenclosure via the enclosure door latch switch 9 Dwg 50 200 060 020 c Unscrew appropriate indicator light lenses d Push in on bulb and turn counter clockwi...

Page 51: ... PROCEDURES TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURES AND SERVICE SO THAT PROMPT AND EFFECTIVE ACTION CAN BE TAKEN Overpressure in the evaporator cylinder can result from a closed outlet valve or stopping of the chlorinator in conjunction with a blockage in the liquid inlet line a closed valve in the liquid inlet line or excessive air padding of tank cars If the pressure relief system alarm actuates the cause mu...

Page 52: ...taminant blockage in the inlet line with a valve closed on either side can also cause an overpressure problem The rupture disc will rupture at 400 psi activating an alarm If the systemactivates asindicatedbythealarmswitch thecausemustimmediately be determined and corrected Usually corrective action will involve opening one or more valves To restore the liquid line pressure relief system replace th...

Page 53: ...or cleaning chlorine residue from the evaporator without removing the cylinder The special accessories required by this procedure for cleaning and drying are available in kit form in Evoqua Water Technologies Part No W3T109990 The replacement gaskets required for each evaporator are included in parts kit W3T110050 A water supply line of 3 4 inch pipe size at a minimum pressure of 20 psi must be av...

Page 54: ...YSTEM TO COMPLETELY EVACUATE THE EVAPORATOR AND ITS CONNECTING PIPELINES 2 If the maximum amount of contents can be forced out of the cylinder to the supply without exceeding the rated capacity of the supply con tainer the outlet valve can be closed However do not shut any valves in the chlorine supply piping NOTE If the evaporator outlet is closed or chlorination is stopped and if the inlet valve...

Page 55: ...g 57 from top of water tank d Through the port hole located on top of the hot water tank examine the visible exterior of the chlorine cylinder with a flashlight Inspect the surface If signs of pitting or corrosion are evident proceed to paragraph 4 13 Five Year Inspection WARNING TO AVOID SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY DUE TO INHALATION OF CHLORINE USE AN APPROVED GAS MASK AND BE PREPARED TO RECONNECT UNI...

Page 56: ...internal surfaces and items within the cylinder as any residual moisture will accelerate corrosion once combined with chlorine WARNING ANY MOISTURE INCLUDING ATMOSPHERIC IS HIGHLY CORROSIVE WHEN COMBINED WITH CHLORINE TO AVOID SEVERE PER SONAL INJURY AND EQUIPMENT DAMAGE FROM EXTREME COR ROSION AND POSSIBLE FAILURE OF THE CYLINDER IT MUST BE AB SOLUTELY DRY AFTER CLEANING IS COMPLETED n Unbolt 23 ...

Page 57: ... union on the inlet pip ing 47 t Remove the vacuum gauge and reconnect the chlorine pressure gauge in the top flange using a new O ring W2T11775 u Refer to paragraph 4 14 Operational Inspection of the Pressure Relief Systems to test both the gas pressure relief system and the liquid line pressure relief system v Refer to paragraph 3 1 Preparation For Initial Operation to put the evapo rator back i...

Page 58: ...on system Interior corrosion usually indicates the presence of mois ture in the cylinder j Clean inspect and replace as necessary the hot water tank temperature switch sensing bulb overflow outlet and cathodic protection anodes If there is any doubt about any component replace it k Replace the new or re tested cylinder 30 into the hot water tank 29 with a new bottom gasket 28 Dwg 50 200 060 010 In...

Page 59: ...ill separate the union halves and allow you to lift off the expansion chamber 11 and pressure switch 5 as an assembly This will also give you access to the rupture disc 10 Refer to Dwg 50 202 007 011 b Carefully remove rupture disc If any internal or external corrosion is noted the expansion chamber must be hydrostatically tested at 840 psig and cleaned and dried or replaced Replace other componen...

Page 60: ...er and or deposit build up on outside of cylinder OR Low water bath temperature with low temperature switch failing to close GPRV or VR CU sound alarm and activate panel light See Probable Cause in Group 5 c By pass open around GPRV if provided d GPRV if provided leaking pressure across valve a Reduce chlorinator gas with drawl rate b Reduce cylinder pressure See Corrective Action for High Pres su...

Page 61: ... c Open valves as required to avoid trapping liquid in supply line evacuate system and shut down Follow Long Term Shut down in Section 3 Clean supply line Group 3 Supply Line Pressure Gauge Where Provided is Pinned at Maximum Reading Supply Line Pressure Relief System Alarm Where Provided Activated When Rupture Disc Bursts at 400 PSI Chlorine May Leak From Fittings as Pressure Increases Excessive ...

Page 62: ...orator Pressure Relief System Pressure Alarm Activates but Front Panel Pressure Gauge Reads Between 30 and 140 PSI OR Liquid Line Pressure Relief System Alarm Activates but Liquid Line Pressure Gauge Reads Between 30 and 140 PSI Rupture disc leaks Following Long Term Shutdown processdure in Section 3 Replace disc Alarms will not activate if customer power fails ...

Page 63: ...function 1 2 or all 3 elements burn out or heater is not of the proper voltage or power rating g Temperature control circuitry on circuit board or temperature sensor in probe housing fails or is incorrectly wired h Low water level condition see Probable Cause in Group 8 NOTE A false alarm condition would exist if the low tempera ture alarm switch is not set to 160 F or a temperature alarm switch f...

Page 64: ...ent or correct wiring b Replace faulty equipment or correct wiring Replace temperature switch as sembly Group 7 Low Water Level Panel Light On Low Water Level Alarm If Pro vided Activates Heat Exchanger and Circulator Off GPRV Or VR CU Closed Water Level in Sight Glass Low or Not Visible at All Possible Additional Symptom Low Water Temperature Alarm If Provided and Panel Light Activate Low water l...

Page 65: ...l Indicator is Full or Nearly Full Possible Additional Symptom Low Water Temperature Alarm If Provided and Panel Light Activate High water level as a result of any of the following conditions a Foreign material jamming sole noid valve open b Faulty solenoid valve c Automatic water refill circuit failure or incorrect level probe wiring a Clean solenoid valve b Replace valve c Replace faulty control...

Page 66: ...LUDE EITHER A PRESSURE RELIEF DEVICE OR EXPANSION CHAMBER TO SATISFY THE REQUIREMENTS OF ASME CODE CHLORINE INSTITUTE AND OR RECOMMENDED PRACTICES OF THE COM PRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION TO MAINTAIN PROPER OPERATION OF THESE ASSEMBLIES IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT THE FOLLOWING PRECAUTIONS BE OBSERVED A Do not disassemble the protective diaphragm 3 from pres sure switch 4 B Therupturedisc 5 ispressureratedfori...

Page 67: ...a gas mask Recommended emergency procedures can be obtainedfromyourchlorinesupplier theChlorineInstitute Inc or similar organization 2 Do not open the chlorine supply container valve more than onecompleteturn Thiswillpermitmaximumdischargeand can be turned off quickly in the event of a leak 3 On a routine daily basis starting at the chlorine supply container s thoroughly check all joints connectio...

Page 68: ...urnishes technical information on the characteristics storage and handling of chlorine and must be referred to for that information Contact your chlorine supplier the Chlorine Institute Inc or similar organization to obtain more detailed information 10 Operation and maintenance of this equipment must be re stricted to trained qualified personnel who are completely familiar with these instructions ...

Page 69: ...TS OPERATING CAPACITY FOR THIS REASON PERIODIC CLEANING IS REQUIRED TO REMOVE THESE DEPOSITS THE INSTRUCTION BOOK PROVIDED WITH THIS EQUIPMENT PROVIDES COMPLETE DETAILS ON RECOM MENDED FREQUENCY AND PROCEDURES TO PROPERLY AC COMPLISH THIS CLEANING AND MUST BE REFERRED TO FOR THAT GUIDANCE L2135 DO NOT DISCONNECT THIS SEAL ASSEMBLY FROM GAUGE SEAL PROOF PRESSURE 840 P S I L2137 DO NOT DISCONNECT TH...

Page 70: ...50 200 EVAPORATOR FOR CHLORINE WT 050 200 001 UA IM 0814 59 EVOQUA W3T98237 SERIES 50 200 EVAPORATOR WIRING Cathodic Protection 50 200 140 010 ISSUE 1 1 90 ...

Page 71: ...0 DRYING KIT FOR SERIES 50 200 EVAPORATOR SERVICE 50 200 150 010 ISSUE 3 8 14 INLET OUTLET NOTE X NOT FURNISHED BY Evoqua Water Technologies PART OF W3T110050 SPARE PARTS KIT PART OF CYLINDER NOT INCLUDED IN W3T109990 PART OF INJECTOR ASSEMBLY W3T107574 WHICH MAY BE ORDERED SEPARATELY ...

Page 72: ... 61 EVOQUA W3T98237 LIFTING METHOD SERVICE 50 200 150 060 ISSUE 3 8 14 WARNING TO AVOID POSSIBLE SEVERE PERSONAL INJURY AND EQUIPMENT DAMAGE DO NOT AT TEMPT TO LIFT EVAPORATOR BY INLET AND OUTLET CONNECTIONS NOTE X NOT FURNISHED BY Evoqua Water Technologies ...

Page 73: ...C WIRING Controls and Equipment 50 200 155 010 ISSUE 6 8 14 NOTE COMPONENTS REMOTE FROM PANEL XFRM1 OR XFRM2 AS SPECIFIED IN QUOTATION WIRING BY Evoqua Water Technologies NOT FURNISHED BY Evoqua Water Technologies FIELD WIRING NOT BY Evoqua Water Technologies MUST CONFORM TO LOCAL ELECTRICAL CODES ACCESSORY ITEM FURNISHED ONLY IF SPECIFIED IN QUOTATION X A ...

Page 74: ...200 EVAPORATOR FOR CHLORINE 50 200 EVAPORATOR FOR CHLORINE 63 LEVEL AND TEMPERATURE CONTROL SCHEMATIC WIRING 50 200 155 020 ISSUE 5 8 14 NOTE WIRING BY Evoqua Water Technologies FIELD WIRING NOT BY Evoqua Water Technologies MUST CONFORM TO LOCAL ELECTRICAL CODES ...

Page 75: ...WT 050 200 001 UA IM 0814 50 200 EVAPORATOR FOR CHLORINE 64 EVOQUA W3T98237 ...

Page 76: ...orator Basic Components 50 200 060 010A F Water Level and Temperature Control Probes 50 200 000 020A B W2T365042 Controls Enclosure 50 200 060 020A C W3T108117 Enclosure 50 200 060 030A B W3T99062 Liquid Line Pressure Relief System 50 202 007 011 W3T97782 Gas Pressure Relief System 50 202 008 011 Series 510 050 Flowmeter 50 200 000 040A B ...

Page 77: ...0 001 UA IM 0814 50 200 EVAPORATOR FOR CHLORINE 66 EVOQUA W3T98237 SERIES 50 200 EVAPORATOR PARTS 50 200 060 010A ISSUE 3 8 14 NOTES FOR DETAILS SEE DWG 50 200 060 010B FOR PARTS LIST SEE DWGS 50 200 060 010C F ...

Page 78: ...50 200 EVAPORATOR FOR CHLORINE WT 050 200 001 UA IM 0814 67 EVOQUA W3T98237 SERIES 50 200 EVAPORATOR PARTS 50 200 060 010B ISSUE 2 7 10 NOTES FOR PARTS LIST SEE DWGS 50 200 060 010C F ...

Page 79: ... W2T376320 4 Bolt Hex Hd Cad Plate Steel 1 2 13 x 1 1 4 Lg 27 W2T17614 4 Washer 28 W2T18054 1 Gasket 29 W2T12243 1 Evaporator Tank 30 W2T13442 1 Standard Cylinder OR W2T13505 1 L Certified Cylinder OR W2T8490 1 MLS Cylinder 32 W2T19518 4 Bolt Hex Hd Steel 3 8 16 x 1 Lg 33 W2T17613 16 3 8 Washer Steel 34 W2T19515 8 3 8 Lockwasher Steel 35 W2T19519 8 Clamping Nut Steel 3 8 16 36 W2T17750 2 90 Street...

Page 80: ...t Channel 64 W2T12794 1 Tube Unit 65 W2T11775 2 O ring 012 Viton 3 8 ID x 1 2 OD For Chlorine and Sulphur Dioxide Use Only OR W2T19225 2 O ring 012 Buna N 3 8 ID x 1 2 OD For Ammonia Use Only 72 W2T10372 1 Right Hand Support Angle 73 1 Water Level Control Components Ref Dwg 50 200 000 020 74 W2T15096 1 Inlet Label 75 W2T12802 1 Heater Body 76 W2T12491 1 Temperature Switch with Round Housing OR W2T...

Page 81: ...arning Label 99 W2T12976 1 Caution Label 100 W2T13501 2 Warning Label 6 000 PPD Capacity 101 W2T415793 1 Heat Exchanger 208 V 60 A OR W2T12741 1 Heat Exchanger 220 240 V 60 A OR W2T12736 1 Heat Exchanger 380 V 30 A OR W2T12799 1 Heat Exchanger 440 480 V 30 A OR 8 000 PPD Capacity W2T415796 1 Heat Exchanger 550 V 30 A OR W2T12697 1 Heat Exchanger 208 V 60 A OR W2T12798 1 Heat Exchanger 220 240 V 60...

Page 82: ...ank Insulation Rear 116 W2T12699 1 Tank Insulation Right 117 W2T12701 1 Tank Insulation Left 118 W2T16677 2 10 Lockwasher Steel 119 W2T16376 2 10 Washer Steel 120 W2T12578 2 Grommet SERIES 50 200 EVAPORATOR PARTS LIST 50 200 060 010F ISSUE 1 4 11 NOTE Key 65 should be replaced each time 87 is replaced The control panel components were selected to power the original heater capacity Never replace th...

Page 83: ...01 UA IM 0814 50 200 EVAPORATOR FOR CHLORINE 72 EVOQUA W3T98237 WATER LEVEL AND TEMPERATURE CONTROL PROBES PARTS For Series 50 200 Evaporator 50 200 000 020A ISSUE 1 7 10 NOTE FOR PARTS LIST SEE DWG 50 200 000 020B ...

Page 84: ...717 1 Grommet 6 W2T13770 8 8 Washer SS 7 W2T16604 8 Hex Nut SS 8 32 8 W2T11881 8 8 Lockwasher SS 9 W2T13172 4 Insulator Bushing 10 W2T16475 2 Mach Screw Ph Hd SS 8 32 x 3 4 Lg 11 W3T109328 1 Level Probe 12 W3T109324 1 Level Probe 13 W3T109331 1 Level Probe 14 W3T109321 1 Level Probe 15 W3T107903 1 Temperature Probe 16 W2T12752 1 Mounting Pad Gasket 17 W2T12747 1 Mounting Pad 18 W2T15004 1 Gasket 1...

Page 85: ...WT 050 200 001 UA IM 0814 50 200 EVAPORATOR FOR CHLORINE 74 EVOQUA W3T98237 W2T365042 CONTROLS ENCLOSURE PARTS 50 200 060 020A ISSUE 1 7 10 NOTES FOR PARTS LIST SEE DWGS 50 200 060 020B C ...

Page 86: ...13 1 Operating Handle 10 W2T12723 1 Potentiometer 11 W2T18282 1 Knob 13 W2T12744 1 Transformer Mounting Panel 14 W2T16587 4 Mach Screw Rd Hd SS 5 16 18 x 1 2 Lg 15 W2T16484 8 5 16 Washer SS 16 W2T16687 8 5 16 Lockwasher SS 17 W2T12774 1 Transformer 18 W2T19258 4 Mach Screw Hex Hd SS 5 16 18 x 1 Lg 19 W2T12745 1 Mounting Plate 20 W2T12756 1 Connector Locktite 21 W2T12765 1 Marker 208 V OR W2T12768 ...

Page 87: ... 380 V Low Med 440 480 550 V OR W2T9299 3 35 A Heater Fuse 380 V 10 000 PPD High Capacity OR W2T14835 3 60 A Heater Fuse 280 220 240 V 35 W2T12800 1 7 A Transformer Fuse Used for 308 220 240 V OR W2T12733 1 3 1 2 A Transformer Fuse Used for 380 V OR W2T12732 1 3 A Transformer Fuse Used for 440 480 550 V 36 W2T12801 2 Fuse Block 37 W2T16386 3 10 Lockwasher SS 38 W2T12727 1 60 A Contactor Used for 2...

Page 88: ...50 200 EVAPORATOR FOR CHLORINE WT 050 200 001 UA IM 0814 77 EVOQUA W3T98237 ENCLOSURE PARTS 50 200 060 030A ISSUE 1 7 10 NOTES FOR PARTS LIST SEE DWG 50 200 060 030B ...

Page 89: ... SS 7 W2T441385 1 Right Hand Side Enclosure 8 W2T12976 1 Label Caution 9 W2T12976 1 Label Caution 10 W2T13299 25 Push Clip 11 W2T10405 1 Rear Panel 12 W2T441384 1 Left Hand Side Enclosure 13 W2T10344 1 Rear Brace 14 W2T12241 6 Receptacle 15 W2T12760 14 Stud 16 W2T12757 14 Retainer 17 W2T14224 4 Label Ammonia Use Only OR W2T11771 4 Label Chlorine Use Only OR W2T12771 4 Label Sulfur Dioxide Use Only...

Page 90: ... GLYCERIN CEMENT OR OTHER CEMENT APPROVED BY THE CHLORINE INSTITUTE X NOT FURNISHED BY Evoqua Water Technologies 11 KEY NO PART NO DESCRIPTION 4 W2T13513 Warning Label 5 W2T15225 Pressure Switch and Diaphragm Seal 8 W2T18146 Clamp Band 10 W2T15213 Rupture Disc 11 W2T8247 System Pressure Relief Sub Assmebly The length of liquid line protected per expansion chamber system PIPE SIZE CHLORINE SULFUR D...

Page 91: ...DEL AND SERIAL NUMBER OF APPARATUS KEY NO PART NO QTY DESCRIPTION 1 W2T14850 1 Relief Valve 2 W2T19550 1 Elbow 90 x 1 NPT Forged Steel 3 W2T13513 1 Warning Label 4 W2T17357 3 Nipple 1 NPT x 3 4 Lg Steamless Carbon Steel 5 W2T15225 1 Pressure Switch and Diaphragm Seal 6 W2T15345 1 Reducing Bushing 1 NPT x 1 4 NPT Forged Steel 7 W2T16684 1 Tee 1 NPT Forged Steel 8 W2T15213 1 Rupture Disc 9 W2T15227 ...

Page 92: ...PORATOR FOR CHLORINE WT 050 200 001 UA IM 0814 81 EVOQUA W3T98237 Series 510 050 Flowmeter PARTS Model 150 6 55 200 000 040A ISSUE 0 7 10 WHEN ORDERING MATERIAL ALWAYS SPECIFY MODEL AND SERIAL NUMBER OF APPARATUS ...

Page 93: ... Fitting Bottom SS 10 W2T12713 2 Mach Screw Fl Hd SS 4 40 x 7 8 Lg 14 W2T15450 1 O ring 013 7 16 ID x 9 16 OD EPR 15 W2T375537 1 Cushion 16 W2T13474 1 Metering Tube 17 W2T12719 1 Backer Strip 18 W2T375589 1 Cover 19 W2T375604 1 Flow Insert 20 W2T13320 1 O ring 011 5 16 ID x 7 16 OD EPR 21 W2T12707 1 Namplate 22 W2T12706 1 End Fitting Top SS 23 W2T12712 2 Mach Screw Fl Hd SS 4 40 x 3 8 Lg 24 W2T180...

Page 94: ...e Cathodic Protection W2T15555 1 Drying Kit W3T109990 2 Rupture Disc Liquid Line 400 psi W2T15213 4 Anode Cathodic Protection W2T18490 4 Ferrule 1 Dielectric Union W2T365255 4 Gasket 1 Dielectric Union W2T365256 5 Ferrule 1 1 4 Dielectric Union W2T365257 5 Gasket 1 1 4 Dielectric Union W2T365258 1 Wrench W2T18620 1 Bottle of Ammonia Solution for Chlorine Leak Detection W2T11994 1 Circulator Pump R...

Page 95: ...CHLORINE HANDLING MANUAL Cl2 BOOK NO WT 025 000 001 UA IM 0614 W3T98244 ...

Page 96: ...rectly from Evoqua Water Tech nologies Colorado Springs CO contact the office indicated below UNITED STATES 725 Wooten Road Colorado Springs CO 80915 TEL 800 524 6324 CANADA If the equipment was purchased directly from Evoqua Water Technologies Canada contact the nearest office indicated below ONTARIO QUEBEC Evoqua Water Technologies Ltd Evoqua Technologies des Eaux Itee 2045 Drew Road 505 Levy St...

Page 97: ...ENTIRE MANUAL AND BE FULLY FAMILIAR WITH YOUR EQUIPMENT AND YOUR ENTIRE INDUSTRIAL SYSTEM SO THAT THE SAFETY PROCEDURES YOU ESTABLISH WILL MEET THE NEEDS OF THE EMPLOYEES IN YOUR FACILITY READ ING ONLY PART OF THE MANUAL WILL NOT HELP YOU ANALYZE THE NEEDS OF YOURFACILITY CONTACTYOURCHLORINESUPPLIER THECHLORINEINSTITUTE INC OR SIMILAR ORGANIZATION TO OBTAIN A MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET MSDS AND MO...

Page 98: ...APPARATUS IS ALWAYS AVAILABLE AND PERSONNEL ARE PROPERLY TRAINED IN ITS USE ENSURE THAT SAFETY EQUIPMENT SUCH AS VENTILA TION FANS AND BREATHING APPARATUS IS INSPECTED AND MAINTAINED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE MANU FACTURER S INSTRUCTIONS ENSURETHATAPPROPRIATEPLACARDSANDWARNING SIGNS ARE IN PLACE AND PROMINENTLY DISPLAYED IN THE AREAS WHERE THE GAS IS STORED IN CASES OF ACCIDENT USE SAFETY EQUIPMENT T...

Page 99: ... is relatively non corrosive In the presence of moisture however it is highly corrosive Accordingly ev ery precaution should be taken to avoid leaks to stop them promptly if they occur and to keep moisture out of valves tubing etc notspecificallydesignedtohandlemoistchlorine Among the important physical properties of chlorine are Specific Gravity Dry Gas 2 48 at 32 F and 1 atm referred to air Spec...

Page 100: ...pper of ton containers may be manifolded A typical arrangement for manifolding cylinders is shown in Figure 2 If cylinders or ton containers are manifolded it is essential that all supply containers be at the same temperature to prevent the transfer of liquid chlorine from a warmer con tainer to a cooler container possibly resulting in a container becoming overfilled through reliquefaction of chlo...

Page 101: ...TE RECOMMENDATIONS DO NOT MANIFOLD TON CONTAINERS FOR SIMULTANEOUS LIQUID CHLORINE WITHDRAWAL THIS MANIFOLDING CAN CAUSE OVER PRESSURIZATION AND RUPTURE 3 3 CONTAINER VALVES Standard cylinder and ton container valves are identical in design except that the cylinder valve includes a pressure relief device Cylinder valves are shown in Figure 3 and ton container valves in Figure 4 See Figure 5 for ca...

Page 102: ...temperature increases to 158 165 F to relieve pressure and prevent rupture of the cylinder Ton containers are equipped with six fusible metal plugs see Figure 8 three of which are in each end spaced 120 degrees apart Figure 9 Excess Flow Valve Figure 8 Standard Fusible Plug for Ton Containers Tank cars have an excess flow valve see Figure 9 located under each liquid valve While this valve may clos...

Page 103: ...usly on a scale This also makes it possible to record the amount of chlorine used Portable or dormant scales in beam dial or digital types and with varying platform sizes are available WARNING ALWAYS REMOVE WHEELS AND AXLES OF PORTABLE SCALES SO THAT THE SCALE CANNOT MOVE WHEN CYLINDERS ARE ON THE PLATFORM Preferably scales for cylinders should be installed with their platform flush with the floor...

Page 104: ... good practice to leave the wrench in place so the valve can be closed quickly in case of an emergency Maximum discharge can be accomplished with one full turn of the valve Excessive force must not be used in opening valves Never strike the wrench with anything other than the heel of the hand Loosening the packing nut a maximum of 1 2 turn is acceptable provided the packing nut is tightened after ...

Page 105: ...quired only in those caseswhereitisnecessarytopreventchlorinegaslinesfrom becomingchilled orliquidlinesfrombecomingoverheated More complete details along with ASTM and ANSI specifi cations can be obtained by referring to Chlorine Institute Pamphlet 6 Piping Systems For Dry Chlorine WARNING TWO COMMON CAUSES OF CHLORINE PIP ING LEAKS ARE 1 RE USE OF GASKETS THIS SHOULD NEVER BE DONE ALWAYS HAVE AN ...

Page 106: ... will expand and develop higher than acceptable pressures Aliquid linepressurereliefsystem whichincludesarupture disc and an expansion chamber is required where liquid may be trapped in the line or where it is necessary to run lines a considerable distance The relief system is detailed in Figure 13 The expansion chamber provides an area for expansion in the event that valves at both ends of the li...

Page 107: ... service are used Ball valves must include a provision for venting the cavity in the closed position to the upstream side 4 6 PRESSURE GAUGES AND SWITCHES Wheneverpressuregaugesandswitchesareusedinchlorine liquid or gas lines they must be of the type protected by a flanged diaphragm seal specifically designed for chlorine service to prevent the entry of chlorine into the gauge or switch mechanism ...

Page 108: ...ethods if steam is not available refer to Chlorine Institute Pamphlet 6 Piping Systems for Dry Chlorine After proper cleaning all chlorine piping should be hydro statically tested to one and one half times the expected maximum operating pressure Prior to testing all gauges switches rupture discs etc that could be damaged during testing must be removed and connections plugged Any moisture absorbing...

Page 109: ...ith appropriate regulations 5 2 HEALTH HAZARDS Exposure to a sufficiently high concentration of chlorine can result in difficulty in breathing and if prolonged finally death through suffocation Chlorine s strong pungent odor may result in detection at levels as low as 1 0 ppm and most people will detect it by the time the concentration reaches 3 5 ppm Concentrations of 5 ppm or more are so objecti...

Page 110: ...ng Chlorine Institute requirements are available that can seal off most leaking areas of chlorine containers i e valves fusible plugs or container wall If these are on hand they must be used only by personnel thoroughly familiar with their use The chlorine supplier shouldbecontactedimmediatelyforinformation assistance and advice on the disposition of the leaking container The container should alwa...

Page 111: ... water will react with the chlorine forming acids that will make the leak worse 5 5 CHEMICAL DISPOSAL FACILITIES Part of the planning for emergencies entails provision for disposal of any released chlorine In most cases little can be doneaboutthechlorinealreadyreleasedtotheatmosphere excepttotrytopreventitsdissipationintoareaswheredam age to equipment and personnel will result At some large instal...

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