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1M28 and 1M75 User’s Manual

PRELIMINARY

13

DALSA

03-32-00525-03

Camera Gain (Highgain)

A preprogrammed off-chip amplification of either 1x or 4x gain before AD conversion can
be applied. This gain allows one to get more information out of sparsely illuminated
scenes, or increases the spread of gray levels when using strong logarithmic compression.

Skimming Gain

This gain can amplify small signal levels before readout, thereby increasing sensitivity
before readout noise adds to the signal. Due to the thermally generated leakage current,
this gain is only suitable for relatively short exposure times since it significantly increases
the FPN created by thermal current. The skimming gain can be combined with LINLOG
response, though the LINLOG transition parameters have to be chosen carefully to
prevent blackout of the sensor. The skimming gain should not be used with very short
frame periods, since it has a slightly increased time constant.

Both gains can be combined, though this increases FPN significantly and usually requires
you to recalibrate the black level.

Figure 6: Skimming and Camera Gain

Signal

Skimming Gain

1x or 4x

Camera Gain

1x or 4x

Sensor

Camera

Note:

In skimming mode increased responsivity results in a nonlinear output.

Note:

Gain values are set using the PFRemote configuration tool. See section 3.2

PFRemote Configuration Tool for details.

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Summary of Contents for 1M28-SA

Page 1: ...1M28 SA 1M75 SA One Megapixel CMOS Stop Action Camera Family Camera User s Manual 03 32 00525 rev 03 Printed 06 12 03 4 43 PM ...

Page 2: ...ent to ensure product reliability All electronic modules and cameras are subjected to a 24 hour burn in test For further information not included in this manual or for information on DALSA s extensive line of image sensing products please call DALSA Sales Offices Waterloo Europe Asia Pacific 605 McMurray Rd Waterloo ON N2V 2E9 Canada Tel 519 886 6000 Fax 519 886 8023 www dalsa com sales dalsa com ...

Page 3: ...____ 19 2 1 Configuration 19 2 2 Installation Overview 19 2 3 Input Output 20 2 4 Default Settings 20 2 5 Connectors 20 2 6 Power Supplies 22 2 7 Control Inputs Camera Link 22 2 8 Data Bus Camera Link 22 2 9 Timing 23 2 10 Dummy Test Row 27 2 11 LED Status 27 Software Interface Controlling the Camera _____________________________________ 29 3 1 Overview 29 3 2 PFRemote Configuration Tool 30 3 3 Mo...

Page 4: ...4 PRELIMINARY 1M28 and 1M75 User s Manual 03 32 00525 03 DALSA ...

Page 5: ... 1024 resolution Up to 75 frames per second fps CMOS image sensor LINLOG output response Windowing capability for increased frame rates CE compliant shock and vibration tested Single 5V power supply input Robust and compact Programmability Programmable features include gain offset line rates trigger mode test pattern output and camera diagnostics DLLs for integrating camera control functions into ...

Page 6: ...e illumination differences Some applications include Electronics manufacturing Welding inspection Traffic management 1 2 Image Sensor The 1M28 and 1M75 cameras use a high performance megapixel CMOS image sensor capable of windowing and a dynamic range of 120dB Table 1 Sensor Characteristics Pixel number 1024 x 1024 Pixel size 10 6 x 10 6 µm Full well capacity Saturation 200 000 electrons Shutter M...

Page 7: ...ination 10 K Maximum size of bright clusters at dark 2 L Maximum size of bright clusters under illumination 2 M Maximum size of dark clusters under illumination 6 Notes 1 Blemishes are measured over an entire frame of data and counted within the frame boundaries defined by A and B above 2 Single pixel blemishes are defined as a pixel with an output as defined in C and D A bright single pixel defec...

Page 8: ...ormal pixel Hot pixels are isolated single pixel defects They follow the general rule of thumb for dark current where the dark current doubles every 7 8 C They are more easily recognizable when the camera is in dark conditions Figure 1 Typical Output at Dark 1ms Exposure Time Figure 1 depicts the number of pixels that generate larger amounts of dark current than your average pixel the average pixe...

Page 9: ...tion of dark blemishes 1 3 Pixel Response Three principal modes of pixel response are possible Linear response LINLOG response for high dynamic imaging and logarithmic response for high dynamic imaging Linear response In the linear response mode the camera works similar to a classical CCD camera integrating the photo generated charges in each pixel during the exposure time In this mode the output ...

Page 10: ...s are exposed at the same time which prevents motion artefacts known from classical logarithmic sensors The LINLOG technology further overcomes image lag or ghost images related to the slow response speed of pure logarithmic sensors The LINLOG response is best suited for application with uncontrolled illumination conditions or high intrascene contrasts where a high pixel response is needed Welding...

Page 11: ... the center of gravity of the histogram of the overexposed areas Center of gravity of histogram Gray scale 160 Gray scale 200 decrease LL1 increase LL1 Phase 2 Rough setting for COMP Initial value 5 Take a picture Is the contrast in the overexposed areas acceptable too high too low Yes decrease COMP increase COMP Rough settings LL1 Initial value LL1 62 5 Phase 3 LL1 0000h LL2 0000h TIME 0 ...

Page 12: ...LL1 Take a picture Is the contrast in the overexposed areas acceptable too high too low Yes Phase 4 Black adjust Fine adjustment of LL1 LL2 COMP Black adjust Phase 5 Adjustment of characteristics using LUT optimized for the application s gray scale output 8 Bit END 1 4 Gain Response The cameras feature two gain options Camera Gain and Skimming Gain ...

Page 13: ... short exposure times since it significantly increases the FPN created by thermal current The skimming gain can be combined with LINLOG response though the LINLOG transition parameters have to be chosen carefully to prevent blackout of the sensor The skimming gain should not be used with very short frame periods since it has a slightly increased time constant Both gains can be combined though this...

Page 14: ...s λ λ λ λ 626nm 0 50 100 150 200 250 0 00E 00 1 00E 05 2 00E 05 3 00E 05 4 00E 05 Intensity W cm2 Greyscale No skimming Skimming on Figure 8 Highlight of Low Intensity Values Tint 10ms λ λ λ λ 626nm Zoom in 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 0 00E 00 1 00E 06 2 00E 06 3 00E 06 4 00E 06 5 00E 06 I W cm2 Greyscale No skimming Skimming on ...

Page 15: ...ixel matrix through the region of interest function The benefit of limiting the region of interest is the resulting increase in frame rate In Y direction the ROI can be placed arbitrarily and can be as small as a single line The frame rate increases linearly with a reduction in lines read out In X direction the ROI must include at least 4 columns for the 1M28 camera and at least 8 columns for the ...

Page 16: ...nits Min 1M28 and 1M75 Max 1M28 Max 1M75 Notes Data Rate Internal MCLK MHz 28 375 40 External MCLK MHz 20 1M28 10 1M75 28 375 20 Temperature C 0 40 40 1 Frame Rate Units Min Max 1M28 Max 1M75 Notes Full resolution 1024 x 1024 fps 1 27 75 With windowing fps 100 000 100 000 Electro Optic Specifications Units Gain Value Description Notes Average Broadband Responsivity typ DN nJ cm 2 1x 0 7 Skimming o...

Page 17: ...RNU rms max DN 1x 2 5 Skimming off Gain off 4x 5 0 Skimming on Gain off 4x 15 0 Skimming off Gain on 16x 15 0 Skimming on Gain on DC Offset DN Programmable Power Supply Current Vin 5V Units Typ Max mA 310 400 Regulatory Compliance Value CE compliance EN 61000 6 3 2001 EN 61000 6 2 2001 Shock Vibration Immunity IEC EN 60068 2 6 IEC EN 60068 2 27 Notes DN Digital Numbers 0 255 also known as gray lev...

Page 18: ...18 PRELIMINARY 1M28 and 1M75 User s Manual 03 32 00525 03 DALSA ...

Page 19: ...a to the requirements of their own application You can also save the set of default values to a file over the asynchronous serial communications interface or restore default settings saved in a file to the EEPROM The configuration is most easily done with the PFRemote configuration tool shipped with the camera The PFRemote tool is explained in section 3 2 PFRemote Configuration Tool on page 30 2 2...

Page 20: ...8 bits 8 bits Output response Linear Linear Gain 1x 1x Resolution Full resolution 1024 x 1024 Full resolution 1024 x 1024 Exposure time 10 ms 12 ms Frame rate 20 fps 25 fps Data rate 28MHz 2x40MHz 2 5 Connectors Please refer to the Camera Link standard for detailed information on signal levels and timings Table 6 Pinout of the MDR26 camera connector for the Camera Link interface Camera Link Cable ...

Page 21: ...X2 5 22 Xclk 18 9 Xclk 6 21 X3 19 8 X3 7 20 SerTC 20 7 SerTC 8 19 SerTFG 21 6 SerTFG 9 18 CC1 22 5 CC1 10 17 CC2 23 4 CC2 11 16 CC3 24 3 CC4 12 15 inner shield 25 2 inner shield Table 7 DALSA Camera Control Configuration Signal Configuration Pin CC1 EXSYNC 9 22 CC2 External Master Clock 10 23 CC3 PRIN Exposure Control 11 24 CC4 Not Used 12 25 Table 8 Pinout of the Binder712 PIN I O Name Meaning 1 ...

Page 22: ...a Link MDR26F connector All inputs are optional The camera ships in free running mode Refer to section 3 for more information on setting frame rates and exposure times and camera modes EXSYNC Triggers Frame Readout EXSYNC is an optional input signal that can be used to trigger the line readout rate This camera uses the rising edge of EXSYNC to trigger line readout Note EXSYNC should not be clocked...

Page 23: ...pulse During integration and readout all further trigger pulses are ignored The maximum rate at which the camera accepts external triggers is defined by the frame timer The minimum exposure time for any operating mode is 560 ns Frame Timer The frame timer is used to fix the frame rate of the camera in free running mode or to set the maximum rate at which the camera accepts external triggers In ord...

Page 24: ...ls are exposed to light for the same amount of time resulting in crisp images that do not suffer from the time displacement artefacts characteristic of rolling shutter CMOS cameras Figure 14 Global Shutter Timing Reset Data Global shutter Reset Integration Frame Readout Freerunning Mode The freerunning mode is the factory set timing mode at power up and captures images without the need for an exte...

Page 25: ... edge of the pixel clock The signals FRAME_VALID FVAL and LINE_VALID LVAL mask valid image information The number of clock pulses after exposure CPRE is defined by the calculation of the frame time Figure 16 Triggered Mode CPRE Line Pause First Line Line Pause Last Line Line Pause EXSYNC is ignored in mode constant image data rate PCLK EXSYNC FVAL LVAL DATA INTEGRATION Triggered Mode with External...

Page 26: ...ered Mode with External Edge Triggered Exposure Control In triggered mode with external edge exposure control sensor control is reset with the rising edge of an eternal trigger pulse after which exposure of the image begins The integration ends with the rising edge of the external signal PRIN The signals EXSYNC and PRIN are clocked in the sensor control in such a way that the internal exposure con...

Page 27: ... Table 14 on page 37 2 11 LED Status A status LED on the backside of the camera provides the following information about the state of the camera In normal operation mode the LED shows a green light while valid data is read out At slow frame rates the LED blinks with the FVAL signal At high frame rates the LED changes to an apparently continuous green light with intensity proportional to the ratio ...

Page 28: ...28 PRELIMINARY 1M28 and 1M75 User s Manual 03 32 00525 03 DALSA ...

Page 29: ... camera can also be used without the serial interface after it has been set up correctly To configure the camera through the serial interface you must use the PFRemote configuration tool For details on using the PFRemote refer to section 3 2 PFRemote Configuration Tool on page 30 You can also configure the camera through the PFLIB application programming interface For more information refer to sec...

Page 30: ... on your computer Alternately the latest version of the software is also available at http vfm dalsa com docs docs asp in the Software folder Opening PFRemote Before running PFRemote make sure that you have installed your framegrabber and framegrabber software To begin using the PFRemote 1 If it is not already open open your framegrabber software with the configuration for the 1M28 or 1M75 camera ...

Page 31: ...e current factory settings This will enable you to recover the factory settings if they are accidentally overwritten To save the factory settings 1 Select Tools Dump EEPROM 2 Locate where you want to save the HEX file enter a file name and click Save To recover EEPROM settings 1 Select Tools EEPROM Recovery 2 Locate the HEX file to upload and select Open 3 After the camera has completed uploading ...

Page 32: ...ning of each module To avoid problems with modified presets and to ensure the restoration of original values we recommend that you save the factory presets to an external storage media To save and restore the values use the PFRemote exe Refer to Saving and Loading EEPROM Settings on page 31 for further information on the PFRemote We also recommend that you do not alter the custom calibration setti...

Page 33: ...ttings click Reread all See the following section for register descriptions 3 4 Register Descriptions Table 9 Sensor control registers address 0 to 63 REG Decimal Value REG Hexadecimal Value Read R Write W or Command C Description 0 0 R W Data EEPROM 1 1 W LSB address EEPROM 2 2 W MSB address and OP Code EEPROM 3 3 C Command SEND_PROM content of registers 0 2 are sent to the EEPROM 4 4 C R Command...

Page 34: ... R W MSB Frame pause 24 18 R W LSB ROI X0 boundary condition for Region Of Interest ROI Sensor matrix 25 19 R W MSB ROI X0 boundary condition for Region Of Interest ROI Sensor matrix 26 1A R W LSB ROI Y0 boundary condition for Region Of Interest ROI Sensor matrix 27 1B R W MSB ROI Y0 boundary condition for Region Of Interest ROI Sensor matrix 28 1C R W LSB ROI X1 boundary condition for Region Of I...

Page 35: ...with the EEPROM of the camera See Appendix C on page 49 for more information on these registers Register address 04H and 05H Status registers The bits of status registers 3 address 04H and 4 address 05H contain status information of sensor control registers Status information of the sensor module can be read from status register 3 Short term error messages generated during camera operation such as...

Page 36: ...de register 0 Register address REGADDR 6D 06H Register address 6 MODE0_REG Bit Name Description Default 0 ENABLE0 Camera on 1 Ł Camera in operation 1 1 ENABLE1 Invert Pixel Clock 1 Ł phase shift of 180 degrees 0 2 ENABLE2 0 3 ENABLE3 These bits are responsible for resolution access to the LUT s and the LFSR interface test 0 4 EN_TOGGLE 1 Ł Automatic voltage switching active 1 5 EN_LL2_LOG 1 Ł LinL...

Page 37: ...ning of the camera You should use the LSFR test pattern for data path integrity Alternately you can turn on the dummy line With the help of the dummy line the transfer of data from the camera to the framegrabber card can be easily tested When bits 5 to 7 are switched on or off a possible bias re tuning of the video amplifier is required Typically this involves adjustment to the camera s offset lev...

Page 38: ...tive edge of EXPOSURE Signal 0 3 POLARITY_SYNC_EXPOSURE 1 Ł SYNC_EXPOSURE active HIGH i e rising edge EXSYNC Signal EXSYNC and EXPOSURE on falling edge EXSYNC Signal Exposure off 0 4 EN_SHUTTER 1 Ł SHUTTER Signal active for CameraLink standard set 0 Ł Ł Ł Ł DVAL 1 5 EN_PRELOAD 1 Ł Enable line preload 1 6 EN_LINE_RESET 1 Ł Enable line reset at the middle of a line 0 7 Not Used 0 0 Table 17 Mode Reg...

Page 39: ...ct at the beginning of the next frame Invalid values must be prevented via software Values x0 x1 or y0 y1 are ignored by the camera For full resolution x0 y0 0 0 x1 y1 1023 1023 Register 32 Line pause This register stores the line pause value It is also defined in increments of the pixel clock Valid line pause values are between 5 and 255 Default is 8 Register 33 Line Jump and Pixel Jump This regi...

Page 40: ... is a low level communication interface to framegrabber s RS232 emulation The PFLIB API can be used with the following framegrabbers All framegrabbers with a looped in COM port Framegrabbers with a full RS232 emulation through the CameraLink or LVDS Note that all cameras released after January 1 st 2003 use the following low level communication RS232 settings One start bit 8 data bits one stop bit...

Page 41: ... and Mechanical Optical and Mechanical Optical and Mechanical Considerations Considerations Considerations Considerations 4 1 Mechanical Interface Figure 21 Camera Dimensions 55 55 30 1 1 32st ø6 10 ø6 51 0 46 M5 ø1 4 9 38 1 10 45 0 75 ø12 ø3 54 3 45 34 65 54 38 1 32 25 31 7 13 95 All units in mm ...

Page 42: ... 00525 03 DALSA 4 2 Optical Interface The cameras come with a built in C mount lens adapter with the appropriate back focal distance 17 52 0 18mm 4 3 Compliance The IM28 and 1M75 have passed the following EMC tests EN 61000 6 3 2001 EN 61000 6 2 2001 ...

Page 43: ...ing for controlling camera settings The cameras from DALSA have a Camera Link compatible interface The following communication settings from the asynchronous serial communications protocol have been chosen for the DALSA camera series Baud rate 9600 Startbit 1 data bits 8 Parity None Stopbit 1 In the idle state the leads RX and TX are characterised by a standard H level Data transfer begins with a ...

Page 44: ...44 PRELIMINARY 1M28 and 1M75 User s Manual 03 32 00525 03 DALSA ...

Page 45: ...1111100011 68 203 1100000001 100 2CA 0101001101 5 024 0010010000 37 23E 0111110001 69 007 1110000000 101 195 1010100110 6 049 1001001000 38 07C 0011111000 70 00F 1111000000 102 32B 1101010011 7 092 0100100100 39 0F9 1001111100 71 01F 1111100000 103 257 1110101001 8 124 0010010010 40 1F2 0100111110 72 03F 1111110000 104 0AE 0111010100 9 249 1001001001 41 3E4 0010011111 73 07F 1111111000 105 15D 101...

Page 46: ...00010 168 03A 0101110000 200 358 0001101011 232 265 1010011001 137 20B 1101000001 169 074 0010111000 201 2B1 1000110101 233 0CA 0101001100 138 017 1110100000 170 0E9 1001011100 202 163 1100011010 234 194 0010100110 139 02F 1111010000 171 1D2 0100101110 203 2C6 0110001101 235 329 1001010011 140 05F 1111101000 172 3A4 0010010111 204 18C 0011000110 236 253 1100101001 141 0BF 1111110100 173 348 000100...

Page 47: ...2 Captured picture with active 10bit LFSR References SMITH00 Douglas J Smith HDL Chip Design 7 Auflage 2000 Doone Publications Madison AL S 179 186 ISBN 0 9651934 3 8 Example VHDL Code signal REG STD_LOGIC_VECTOR 9 downto 0 signal DATAIN STD_LOGIC SR10R process ICLK 10 bit LFSR begin if ICLK event and ICLK 1 then if RESET 1 then reset shift register is loaded with 1 REG 0000000001 else REG REG 8 d...

Page 48: ...48 PRELIMINARY 1M28 and 1M75 User s Manual 03 32 00525 03 DALSA ...

Page 49: ...command SEND_PROM to the EEPROM The result can than read from register address 0 An overview of the registers that are used for the EEPROM programming is shown in Table 19 In order to be able to write to the EEPROM the write protection must be disabled The PROM_BUSY and the AUTOLOAD flag in the EEPROM register address 4 Bit 1 or Bit 0 must also be checked before writing to the EEPROM Writing durin...

Page 50: ...able In these cases only the steps 3 5 have to be used The transmission protocol of the RS232 interface is defined in Appendix C Table 20 Access steps for the EEPROM Step Action 1 Write data byte D7 D0 in register address 00H if required for function 2 Write LSB address byte A7 A0 in register address 01H if required for function 3 Write OP Code und MSB address byte xxx OP1 OP2 A10 A8 in register a...

Page 51: ...0xxx OP Code 00 2 bits xxxx x11x Extended OP code A10 A8 11x 3 bits 3 0000 0110 06 Write OP Code in register address 02H 00xx xxxx READ from address xx00 0100 Address 04H 4 0000 0100 04 Read status register from register address 04H 01xx xxxx Write to address xx00 0011 Address 03H 5 0100 0011 43 Command SEND_PROM Data will be transmitted to the EEPROM 6 7 These steps are not required x arbitrary s...

Page 52: ...52 PRELIMINARY 1M28 and 1M75 User s Manual 03 32 00525 03 DALSA ...

Page 53: ...metic specifications 6 D D D D dark blemishes 8 data bus 21 data rate 15 defaults 19 28 description 5 digital data 22 dummy test row 26 dynamic range 15 E E E E EEPROM configuration 48 loading settings 30 31 programming 48 saving settings 30 31 EMC compliance 41 EXRCLK 21 EXSYNC 21 External MCLK 21 F F F F features 4 filters 14 frame rate 15 calculation 38 increasing 14 with ROI 14 frame timer 22 ...

Page 54: ... R R R randomnumber generator 44 recover factory settings 30 region of interest ROI 14 registers 31 descriptions 32 modifying 31 reading 31 reserved 32 response gain 11 linear 8 LINLOG 9 pixel 8 RMS noise 16 S S S S sensor 5 blemishes 7 characteristics 5 cosmetic specifications 6 responsivity 14 specifications 5 serial interface 28 skimming 12 spectral responsivity 14 T T T T test row 26 tests 41 ...

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