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9-11

Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide

OL-7433-09

Chapter 9      Shaping Traffic

Differences Between Shaping and Policing

Differences Between Shaping and Policing

Table 9-3

 describes the differences between shaping and policing for bandwidth limiting.

Advantages and Disadvantages of Shaping and Policing for 
Bandwidth Limiting

As the following describes, shaping and policing both have advantages and disadvantages for limiting 
bandwidth:

Advantages

  •

Shaping

  –

Buffers excess packets, therefore, less likely to drop excess packets.

  –

Buffers packets up to the length of the queue. Drops may occur if excess traffic is sustained at 
a high rate.

  –

Typically avoids retransmissions due to dropped packets.

  •

Policing 

  –

Controls the output rate through packet drops.

  –

Avoids delays resulting from queuing.

Disadvantages

  •

Shaping

  –

Can introduce delay resulting from queuing (especially when deep queues are used).

  •

Policing

  –

Drops excess packets (when configured), throttles TCP window sizes, and reduces the overall 
output rate of affected traffic streams.

Table 9-3

Comparison of Shaping and Policing for Bandwidth Limiting

Criteria

Shaping

Policing

Primary Function

Buffers and queues excess packets above the 
committed rates.

Drops or remarks excess packets above 
the committed rates.

Does not buffer.

Token Value

Bits per second (bps)

Bytes

Applicable on Inbound

No

Yes

Applicable on Outbound

Yes

Yes

Bursts

Controls bursts by smoothing the output rate.

Uses a leaky bucket to delay traffic, resulting in 
a smoothing effect.

Propagates bursts. 

Does no smoothing.

Optional Packet Remarking

No

Yes (using the legacy committed access 
rate (CAR) feature)

Summary of Contents for 10000 Series

Page 1: ...s Inc 170 West Tasman Drive San Jose CA 95134 1706 USA http www cisco com Tel 408 526 4000 800 553 NETS 6387 Fax 408 527 0883 Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide February 25 2013 Text Part Number OL 7433 09 ...

Page 2: ... DOCUMENT FILES AND SOFTWARE OF THESE SUPPLIERS ARE PROVIDED AS IS WITH ALL FAULTS CISCO AND THE ABOVE NAMED SUPPLIERS DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING USAGE OR TRADE PRACTICE IN NO EVENT SHALL CISCO OR ITS SUPPLIERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT S...

Page 3: ...from PRE2 to PRE3 1 3 Feature History for QoS CLI Migration from PRE2 to PRE3 1 4 QoS Management Information Base Support 1 4 QoS Implementation Guidelines 1 4 QoS Execution on the Router 1 4 QoS Configuration on an Interface 1 5 QoS Models 1 6 Overview of QoS Models 1 6 Model D 2 Definition 1 7 Model F Definition 1 7 Configuration Tasks 1 8 Configuration Steps on Subinterfaces for QoS Model D 2 1...

Page 4: ...icing 1 19 Divert Cause Policer 1 19 Control Plane Policing Platform Enhancement 1 20 Controlling Packet Queue Congestion 1 21 queue limit Command 1 21 random detect Command 1 22 random detect basis Command 1 23 show pxf cpu queue interface summary 1 23 Tail Drop Feature 1 23 Random Early Detection Feature 1 24 Weighted Random Early Detection Feature 1 24 Distributing Bandwidth Between Queues 1 25...

Page 5: ...mmand 1 32 ppp multilink fragmentation Command 1 33 ppp multilink fragment disable Command 1 33 ppp multilink group Command 1 33 ppp multilink interleave Command 1 34 MLP Over ATM Based LFI Feature 1 34 Multi VC MLP Over ATM Based LFI Feature 1 34 MLP Over Frame Relay Based LFI Feature 1 35 MLP Over Serial Based LFI Feature 1 35 FRF 12 Fragmentation Feature 1 35 Marking Traffic 1 36 set atm clp Co...

Page 6: ...e Rate 1 44 police percent Command 1 45 police Command Two Rate 1 45 show atm vp Command 1 46 Percent Based Policing Feature 1 46 Policing Feature 1 46 Single Rate Color Marker Feature 1 47 Two Rate Three Color Marker Feature 1 47 ATM VP Average Traffic Rate 1 48 Prioritizing Traffic 1 48 priority Command 1 48 priority level Command 1 49 Child Service Policy Allowed Under Priority Class 1 49 Multi...

Page 7: ... Session Queuing and Shaping for PPPoE Over VLAN Support Using RADIUS Feature 1 55 Shaping Traffic 1 55 atm pvp Command 1 56 pvc Command 1 56 shape Command 1 56 shape percent Command 1 57 vbr nrt Command 1 57 ATM VC VP Shaping Feature 1 57 Class Based Traffic Shaping Feature 1 58 Frame Relay Traffic Shaping Feature 1 58 Hierarchical Shaping Feature 1 58 Percentage Based Traffic Shaping Feature 1 5...

Page 8: ...ations for Traffic Classification 2 11 Classifying Traffic Using a Class Map 2 11 Creating a Class Map 2 12 Configuration Examples for Classifying Traffic 2 12 Verifying Traffic Classification 2 13 Verification Example 2 13 Defining QoS Policy Actions 2 13 Related Documentation 2 14 C H A P T E R 3 Configuring QoS Policy Actions and Rules 3 1 QoS Policies 3 1 Feature History for QoS Policies 3 2 D...

Page 9: ...on Example for Service Policies 3 22 Related Documentation 3 23 C H A P T E R 4 Attaching Service Policies 4 1 Interfaces Supporting QoS Service Policies 4 1 Attaching ATM QoS Service Policies 4 2 Feature History for ATM QoS 4 2 ATM QoS Inheritance 4 2 service policy Command 4 3 Syntax Description 4 3 service policy Command History 4 3 service policy Command Modes 4 4 Usage Guidelines for the serv...

Page 10: ...erfaces 4 22 Attaching QoS Service Policies to VLAN Subinterfaces 4 23 Attaching Virtual Access Interface QoS Service Policies 4 23 Feature History for VAI QoS 4 24 VAI QoS Inheritance 4 24 Restrictions and Limitations for Attaching QoS Services to a VAI 4 25 Attaching QoS Policies to VAIs Using Virtual Template Interfaces 4 25 Applying a QoS Service Policy to a Virtual Template Interface 4 26 App...

Page 11: ...ory for Bandwidth Remaining Ratios 5 14 Bandwidth Remaining Ratio 5 14 Prerequisites for Distribution of Remaining Bandwidth Using Ratio 5 15 Restrictions for Distribution of Remaining Bandwidth Using Ratio 5 15 Configuring Bandwidth Remaining Ratios 5 15 Configuring and Applying Bandwidth Remaining Ratios to Subinterfaces 5 16 Configuring and Applying Bandwidth Remaining Ratios to Class Queues 5 ...

Page 12: ...ner CoS as a Policer Action 6 15 Set Inner and Outer CoS as a Policer Action 6 16 Feature History for Set Inner and Outer CoS as a Policer Action 6 16 Dual Police Actions 6 16 Feature History for Dual Police Actions 6 17 Policing Support for GRE Tunnels 6 17 Interfaces Supporting Policing 6 17 Metering Traffic and Token Buckets 6 18 Metering Traffic Using Token Buckets Single Rate Policer 6 18 Met...

Page 13: ...d set mpls exp imposition transmit 6 39 Configuration Example of the set cos transmit Police Action 6 40 Verifying and Monitoring Traffic Policing 6 41 Verification Examples for Traffic Policing 6 41 Verifying Policing for a Specific Traffic Class 6 42 Verifying Policing on a Specific Interface 6 42 Verifying Dual Police Actions set clp transmit and set mpls exp transmit 6 43 Related Documentation...

Page 14: ...story 7 14 Usage Guidelines for the set atm clp Command 7 14 MPLS Experimental Marking 7 14 QinQ MPLS Experimental Marking 7 15 set mpls experimental imposition Command 7 15 Syntax Description 7 15 set mpls experimental imposition Command History 7 15 Usage Guidelines for the set mpls experimental imposition Command 7 16 Discard Class Marking 7 16 set discard class Command 7 16 Syntax Description ...

Page 15: ...3 Configuration Examples for Configuring Discard Class Marking and Classification 7 34 Configuring Tunnel Header Marking Using the set Command 7 35 Configuration Example for Tunnel Header Marking Using the set Command 7 35 Configuring Tunnel Header Marking Using the police Command 7 36 Example Configuration for Tunnel Header Marking Using the police Command 7 36 Verifying Traffic Marking 7 37 Veri...

Page 16: ... Class Based Shaping 9 4 Restrictions and Limitations for Class Based Shaping 9 4 Hierarchical Shaping 9 4 Feature History for Hierarchical Shaping 9 5 VP Level Shaping 9 5 VC Level Shaping 9 5 Shaped UBR PVCs 9 5 How Hierarchical Shaping Works 9 6 Hierarchical Shaping and Oversubscription 9 7 Active ATM VCs 9 7 Restrictions and Limitations for Hierarchical Shaping 9 8 Percentage Based Traffic Sha...

Page 17: ... Overhead Accounting 10 3 Traffic Shaping Overhead Accounting for ATM 10 4 Ethernet Overhead Accounting 10 4 Configuration Commands for Overhead Accounting 10 5 Subscriber Line Encapsulation Types 10 5 Overhead Calculation on the Router 10 5 Overhead Accounting and Hierarchical Policies 10 6 Restrictions and Limitations for Overhead Accounting 10 7 Configuring Overhead Accounting in a Hierarchical...

Page 18: ...ry for Tail Drop 11 8 Tail Drop and Random Early Detection 11 8 Controlling Congestion Using Random Early Detection 11 9 Feature History for Random Early Detection 11 9 Random Early Detection and Queue Limit 11 10 Determining Packet Drop Probability 11 10 Recommended Settings for RED Drop Probability 11 11 Controlling Congestion Using Weighted Random Early Detection 11 11 Feature History for Weigh...

Page 19: ...1 36 Verification Example for Discard Class Based WRED 11 37 Verification Examples for ATM CLP Based WRED 11 38 Controlling Packet Flow on Layer 2 Queues 11 39 Configuring the Depth of Layer 2 Queues 11 40 Related Documentation 11 40 C H A P T E R 12 Sharing Bandwidth Fairly During Congestion 12 1 Class Based Weighted Fair Queuing 12 1 Feature History for Class Based Weighted Fair Queuing 12 3 Cla...

Page 20: ...eighted Fair Queuing 12 20 Related Documentation 12 20 C H A P T E R 13 Defining QoS for Multiple Policy Levels 13 1 Hierarchical Policies 13 2 Feature History for Hierarchical Policies 13 3 Benefits of Hierarchical Policies 13 3 Components Common to All Types of Hierarchical Policies 13 3 Child Policy 13 4 Parent Policy 13 4 service policy Command 13 5 Types of Hierarchical Policies 13 6 Nested H...

Page 21: ...ap on an Interface and PPP Session 14 1 Feature History for Simultaneous Policy Maps 14 2 QoS Actions 14 2 Simultaneous Policies and Displaying Statistical Information 14 2 Restrictions for Simultaneous Policy Maps 14 4 Configuring Simultaneous Policy Maps 14 5 Configuring the Two Policy Maps 14 5 Attaching Simultaneous Policies to PPPoE Sessions Traversing an Ethernet Interface 14 6 Attaching a P...

Page 22: ...or and Unspecified Bit Rate Virtual Circuits 15 4 ATM VC Oversubscription and ATM Line Cards 15 5 atm over subscription factor Command 15 5 Syntax Description 15 6 atm over subscription factor Command History 15 6 Usage Guidelines for the atm over subscription factor Command 15 6 Restrictions and Limitations for ATM VC Oversubscription 15 7 Frame Relay PVC Oversubscription 15 7 Feature History for...

Page 23: ...ample for Configuring VC Weighting Using a VC Class Map 15 29 Configuring VC Weighting on a Range of PVCs 15 30 Configuration Example for Configuring VC Weighting on a Range of PVCs 15 30 Configuring VC Weighting On Subinterfaces Using a Bandwidth Remaining Ratio 15 31 Configuration Example for Configuring VC Weighting on a Subinterface Using Bandwidth Remaining Ratio 15 33 Configuring VC Weightin...

Page 24: ...erleaving 16 11 How MLP Based LFI Works 16 12 MLP Over Serial Based LFI 16 13 Feature History for MLP Over Serial Based LFI 16 13 Performance and Scalability for MLP Over Serial Based LFI 16 13 Restrictions and Limitations for MLP Over Serial Based LFI 16 14 Line Card Support for MLP Over Serial Based LFI 16 14 Single VC MLP Over ATM Based LFI 16 14 Feature History for Single VC MLP Over ATM Based...

Page 25: ...a Member Link to a Different MLP Bundle 16 35 Removing a Member Link from a MLP Bundle 16 36 FRF 12 Fragmentation 16 37 Feature History for FRF 12 Fragmentation 16 38 FRF 12 over Multilink Frame Relay 16 38 FRF 12 Fragmentation Inheritance 16 39 FRF 12 Fragmentation and Hierarchical Policies 16 39 PVC Based FRF 12 Fragmentation 16 40 Interface Based FRF 12 Fragmentation 16 40 Minimum Fragment Size...

Page 26: ... Sessions on a VC 17 5 Dynamic Bandwidth Selection Configuration and PPP Sessions 17 6 Network Access Server QoS Management 17 6 Default QoS Parameters and QoS Configuration Precedence 17 6 Accounting Updates 17 7 Service Category Transitions 17 7 Dynamic Bandwidth Selection and Oversubscription 17 7 Prerequisites for Dynamic Bandwidth Selection 17 8 Restrictions and Limitations for Dynamic Bandwi...

Page 27: ...sion Level 17 30 Configuration Examples for Existing Service Policies and Pulled Policies 17 30 Configuration Examples for Pulled Policies and a Router Without Existing Policies 17 32 Verifying Dynamic QoS Policies at the Session Level 17 32 Verification Examples for Dynamic QoS Policies at the Session Level 17 33 Shaping PPPoE Over VLAN Sessions Using RADIUS 17 34 Feature History for Per Session ...

Page 28: ...VCs 17 62 Verifying PPP Session Queuing on ATM VCs 17 62 Examples of Verifying PPP Session Queuing on ATM VCs 17 63 Related Documentation 17 66 C H A P T E R 18 Regulating and Shaping Subscriber Traffic 18 1 Subscriber Based IP Quality of Service 18 2 Per Session Rate Limiting 18 3 Feature History for Per Session Rate Limiting 18 4 Restrictions and Limitations for Per Session Rate Limiting 18 4 Pe...

Page 29: ... History for Per Session Shaping and Queuing on LNS 18 25 Prerequisites for Per Session Shaping and Queuing on LNS 18 25 Restrictions and Limitations for Per Session Shaping and Queuing on LNS 18 25 Configuring Per Session Shaping and Queuing on LNS 18 25 Queuing PPP Sessions on ATM VCs 18 29 Feature History for PPP Session Queuing on ATM VCs 18 30 Dynamically Applying QoS Policies to PPP Sessions...

Page 30: ...Bundles 19 2 Traffic Bumping 19 3 PVC Bundle Protection Rules 19 3 ATM PVC Selection 19 4 Feature History for ATM PVC Selection 19 5 Configuration Commands for ATM PVC Selection 19 5 bump Command 19 5 bundle Command 19 6 class bundle Command 19 7 class vc Command 19 8 mpls experimental Command 19 9 oam bundle Command 19 10 precedence Command 19 11 protect Command 19 12 pvc bundle Command 19 13 ATM...

Page 31: ... Prerequisites for Frame Relay PVC Selection 19 40 Restrictions and Limitations for Frame Relay PVC Selection 19 41 Configuring Frame Relay Bundles 19 41 Creating a Frame Relay PVC Bundle 19 42 Adding a PVC to a Frame Relay PVC Bundle 19 43 Configuring Frame Relay Bundle Members 19 44 Configuration Examples for Configuring Frame Relay Bundles and PVC Selection 19 49 Configuration Example for Prece...

Page 32: ...ng MPLS CoS Multi VC Mode 20 16 Configuring Multi VC Mode in the Core of an ATM Network 20 16 Configuring Queueing Functions on Router Output Interfaces 20 17 Monitoring and Maintaining MPLS CoS Multi VC Mode Configuration 20 18 Configuration Examples for MPLS CoS Multi VC Mode 20 18 MPLS Traffic Engineering DiffServ Aware 20 18 Feature History for MPLS TE DS 20 19 Sub pool Tunnels 20 19 Global Po...

Page 33: ...r VLAN Tag Based QoS 21 7 Configuring VLAN Group Class Maps 21 8 Examples 21 8 Configuring a VLAN Group Policy 21 9 Configuring QoS Policies for Traffic Classes Inbound VLAN Group and Class Default Classes 21 9 Configuring QoS Policies for Traffic Classes Outbound VLAN Group and Class Default Classes 21 10 Attaching VLAN Tag based Policies 21 12 Configuration Examples for VLAN Tag Based QoS 21 13 ...

Page 34: ...th 3 Level Scheduler 22 8 Configuration Examples for MQC Hierarchical Queuing with 3 Level Scheduler 22 8 Bandwidth Allocation Policy Attached to an Interface Example 22 8 Tuning the Bandwidth Remaining Ratio Example 22 9 4 Level Scheduler 22 10 Feature History for 4 Level Scheduler 22 11 Related Documentation 22 12 A P P E N D I X A Configuring Frame Relay QoS Using Frame Relay Legacy Commands A ...

Page 35: ...ction section on page 11 11 ATM Overhead Accounting See the ATM Overhead Accounting section on page 2 ATM VP Average Traffic Rate See the ATM VP Average Traffic Rate Release 12 2 33 SB feature guide AToM Class Based Match FR DE Chapter 2 Classifying Traffic AToM Set ATM CLP Bit Using a Policer See the AToM Set ATM CLP Bit Using a Policer section on page 6 13 AToM Set Frame Relay DE as Police Actio...

Page 36: ... PPP Session A DSLAM case See Chapter 14 Simultaneous Policy Maps Traffic Shaping Overhead Accounting for ATM See the Traffic Shaping Overhead Accounting for ATM section on page 10 4 Set Layer 2 CoS as a Policer Action See the Set Layer 2 CoS as a Policer Action section on page 6 15 Description Added the following new features QoS Per Session Shaping and Queuing on LNS See the Shaping and Queuing ...

Page 37: ...rking on the L2TP Access Concentrator LAC See Classifying Traffic Policing Traffic and Marking Traffic Control Plane Policing See the Control Plane Policing section on page 6 13 Differentiated Services Compliant WRED Controlling Congestion Using Weighted Random Early Detection section on page 11 11 Distribution of Remaining Bandwidth Using Ratio See the Distribution of Remaining Bandwidth Using Ra...

Page 38: ...ng See the Two Rate Three Color Marker for Traffic Policing section on page 6 8 For information about non QoS features introduced in Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB and existing features integrated in the release see the Cross Platform Release Notes for Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB Description Added the following new features DBS Extensions VC Weight and Watermarks See the Dynamically Changing VC Wei...

Page 39: ...dwidth Fairly During Congestion Description Added the following new feature LAC QoS on VCs See the Attaching Layer 2 Access Concentrator QoS Service Policies section on page 4 30 Added the following features from the Cisco 10000 Series Router Broadband Aggregation Leased Line and MPLS Configuration Guide Nested and 3 level hierarchical policies See Chapter 13 Defining QoS for Multiple Policy Level...

Page 40: ...he process and components involved in configuring QoS on the router Lists the QoS features supported and feature changes Chapter 2 Classifying Traffic Describes how to classify traffic using class maps Chapter 3 Configuring QoS Policy Actions and Rules Describes how to create QoS policies using policy maps and the types of policy actions supported Chapter 4 Attaching Service Policies Describes how...

Page 41: ...ly traffic shaping parameters using RADIUS profiles Define Interface Policy Map AV Pairs AAA feature Apply QoS parameters dynamically to sessions DBS Extension VC Weight and Watermarks Modify existing VC weight and watermark values without tearing down and recreating the VC Per Session Queuing and Shaping for PPPoE Over VLANs Using RADIUS feature Dynamically apply queuing and shaping policies to P...

Page 42: ...t in equipment damage or loss of data Chapter 22 Hierarchical Scheduling and Queuing Describes the hierarchical queuing framework HQF architecture and the three level scheduler that uses HQF Appendix A Configuring Frame Relay QoS Using Frame Relay Legacy Commands Describes the Frame Relay commands used in early releases to configure QoS on Frame Relay interfaces Appendix B QoS Policy Propagation T...

Page 43: ...isco 10000 series router documentation see the following URL http www cisco com en US products hw routers ps133 tsd_products_support_series_home html Obtaining Documentation and Submitting a Service Request For information on obtaining documentation submitting a service request and gathering additional information see the monthly What s New in Cisco Product Documentation which also lists all new a...

Page 44: ...xliv Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide OL 7433 09 About This Guide ...

Page 45: ...ion management Congestion control Traffic policing Traffic shaping Ability to handle differential services and queuing requirements This chapter provides an overview of QoS on the Cisco 10000 series router and includes the following topics Benefits of Quality of Service Features page 1 2 Restrictions and Limitations for Quality of Service page 1 2 Modular QoS Command Line Interface page 1 2 QoS Ma...

Page 46: ...formance at packet sizes smaller than 250 bytes A service policy should not be attached to an interface that has an IP interface session Note A flow consists of IP packets with the same source and destination addresses Modular QoS Command Line Interface To configure QoS features use the modular quality of service command line interface MQC For Frame Relay you can configure QoS features using the M...

Page 47: ...gration from PRE2 to PRE3 feature provides QoS CLI backward compatibility between the PRE2 and PRE3 thereby enabling the PRE3 to accept PRE2 style commands The PRE2 uses a proprietary version of the modular QoS CLI while the PRE3 uses a non proprietary CLI The QoS CLI migration feature enables the PRE3 to parse PRE2 style commands and translate them to PRE3 commands For more information see the Qo...

Page 48: ...S features to implement consider the following guidelines Provide preferential service to customers or applications that cannot tolerate dropped packets during periods of congestion Provide dedicated bandwidth and low latency queuing to privileged data that cannot tolerate delay Share the bandwidth fairly among competing traffic For example allocate percentages of a link bandwidth to the various a...

Page 49: ...d in policy maps and tell the router the actions and rules to apply to the packets To configure a QoS service policy on an interface do the following Step 1 Create a class map See Chapter 2 Classifying Traffic Step 2 Create a policy map See Chapter 3 Configuring QoS Policy Actions and Rules Step 3 Attach the service policy to an interface See Chapter 4 Attaching Service Policies Figure 1 1 shows t...

Page 50: ... the DSLAM Minimum assured rate per service or class Maximum enforced rate per service or class Ability for one service or class of a particular subscriber to re use unused bandwidth from another service or class for the same subscriber Business services additionally include the following requirements Single point of traffic injection Enforce a sub modem train rate max shaped aggregate rate per su...

Page 51: ...el F Definition This model is functionally equivalent to the ATM model with shaped virtual paths VPs and shaped virtual circuits VCs Similar to the Model D 2 this model has all QOS control at the broadband remote access server or network processing engine BRAS NPE and none at the DSLAM The traffic to a group of subscriber lines is shaped to a defined rate equivalent to a virtual path in ATM In the...

Page 52: ...given below Step 1 Discover the GigabitEthernet GE interface Step 2 Create subinterfaces on the GE interface Step 3 Apply policy map to Subint 1 Step 4 Apply policy may to Subint 2 Configuration Steps on Sessions for QoS Model D 2 To configure sessions for QoS Model D 2 follow the steps given below Step 1 Discover the GE interface Step 2 Create sessions on the GE interface Step 3 Apply policy map ...

Page 53: ...nterface1 Step 4 Create sessions on subinterface 1 Step 5 Apply session parent policy map to session S1 belonging to subinterface1 Configuration Examples An example of Model D 2 subinterface configuration is described in Example 1 1 Example 1 1 Configuring Model D 2 Subinterface Configuration Policy business A child class voip priority level 1 police rate nb set cos cos class video priority level ...

Page 54: ...account xxx aalx xxx service policy session A child Session N parent policy maps attached to PPP IP sessions via Radius or via a Virtual Template An example of Model F configuration is described in Example 1 3 Example 1 3 QoS Model F Configuration Policy session N child class voip priority level 1 police rate nb set cos cos class video priority level 2 police rate nb set cos cos class gaming bandw...

Page 55: ...e 1 15 Configuring QoS for MPLS Traffic page 1 18 Control Plane Policing page 1 19 Controlling Packet Queue Congestion page 1 21 Distributing Bandwidth Between Queues page 1 25 Dynamically Changing VC Weight and Watermark Values page 1 26 Hierarchical Queuing Framework page 1 27 Hierarchical Policies page 1 27 IP Quality of Service for Subscribers page 1 29 Layer 2 Access Concentrator page 1 30 Li...

Page 56: ...ent Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description This feature was integrated in Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB and enhanced to provide push functionality Applying Traffic Shaping Parameters Using RADIUS Profiles Documentation Reference Chapter 17 Configuring Dynamic Subscriber Services dbs enable Command page 1 12 default dbs enable Command page 1 12 Dynamic Bandwidth Selection Feature page 1 13...

Page 57: ...cies page 1 14 Attaching Frame Relay QoS Service Policies page 1 14 Attaching LAC QoS Service Policies page 1 15 Attaching Virtual LAN QoS Service Policies page 1 15 Attaching Virtual Access Interface QoS Service Policies page 1 15 service policy Command Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 17 SL Description The service policy command was introduced on the PRE1 to attach a policy map that the router can...

Page 58: ...ange of PVCs and to a specific PVC within the PVC range Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description This feature was integrated in Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 31 SB2 Description This feature was introduced on the PRE3 Attaching Frame Relay QoS Service Policies Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 23 SX Description The Frame Relay QoS service policies feature was intr...

Page 59: ...elease 12 2 28 SB Attaching Virtual Access Interface QoS Service Policies Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 15 BX Description The virtual access interface VAI QoS service policies feature was introduced on the PRE2 to enable you to apply virtual template interfaces with QoS policies to VCs When the router creates the VAI for a session the router applies the QoS policies to the VAI Cisco IOS Release R...

Page 60: ... set input interface command match ip dscp Command Indicates that the IP DSCP value of the packet must match the value you set using the set ip dscp command match ip precedence Command Indicates that the IP precedence value of the packet must match the value you set using the set ip precedence command match ip rtp Command Indicates that the IP Real Time Transport Protocol RTP value of the packet m...

Page 61: ...S EXP value on the imposed label entry of the packet matches the value you set using the set mpls experimental imposition command This command is available only on the PRE2 The match command was also enhanced to enable you to match the discard value of the class The discard value indicates the drop eligibility of a packet When you specify the match discard class command the router classifies a pac...

Page 62: ...ncements to the modular quality of service CLI MQC allow you to classify packets on the L2TP access concentrator LAC based upon the IP type of service ToS bits in an embedded IP packet The classification is used to police ingress traffic according to the DSCP value Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 33 SB Description This feature was introduced on the PRE4 Configuring QoS for MPLS Traffic Documentatio...

Page 63: ...duced on the PRE2 Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description This feature was integrated in Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB MPLS Traffic Engineering DiffServ Aware Feature Cisco IOS Release Release 12 3 7 XI Description The MPLS Traffic Engineering DiffServ Aware DS TE feature was introduced on the PRE2 to provide stricter quality of service QoS guarantees Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB D...

Page 64: ...Level Punt Monitoring feature was introduced on the PRE3 and PRE4 to prevent a denial of service DoS attack Using this feature you can monitor individual users and display statistical information about traffic that the PXF engine sends punts to the route processor RP Configurable Rate and Burst Size for the Divert Cause Policer Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 33 SB Description The Configurable Rate...

Page 65: ...number of packets that a particular class queue can hold Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 25 SX Description This command was enhanced on the PRE1 to allow you to simultaneously configure both the queue limit and random detect commands in the same class of a policy map Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 16 BX Description This command was introduced on the PRE2 without the ability to simultaneously config...

Page 66: ...as enhanced to allow you to simultaneously configure the random detect command and the queue limit command for the same class queue Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 16 BX Description This command was introduced on the PRE2 Cisco IOS Release Release 12 3 7 XI Description This command was enhanced on the PRE2 to Enable the configuration of eight unique drop precedence levels for one queue instead of f...

Page 67: ...command was introduced on the PRE3 with the dscp based prec based and discard class based options Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 33 SB Description This command was enhanced to include the atm clp based option and implemented on the PRE2 PRE3 and PRE4 show pxf cpu queue interface summary Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 33 SB Description The show pxf cpu queue interface summary command was modified t...

Page 68: ...multaneously configure a packet drop policy for a class queue using the random detect command and the size of the class queue using the queue limit command Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 16 BX Description This feature was introduced on the PRE2 Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description This feature was integrated in Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 31 SB2 Descript...

Page 69: ...co IOS Release Release 12 2 31 SB2 Description This feature was introduced on the PRE3 It provides DiffServ compliant WRED and uses per packet RED Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 33 SB Description ATM cell loss priority based WRED was introduced on the PRE3 and PRE4 to configure a drop policy for WRED based on the CLP value Distributing Bandwidth Between Queues Documentation Reference Chapter 5 Dis...

Page 70: ... which the router uses when calculating overhead bandwidth remaining ratio Command Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 31 SB2 Description The bandwidth remaining ratio command was introduced on the PRE3 Distribution of Remaining Bandwidth Using Ratio Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 31 SB2 Description The distribution of remaining bandwidth using ratio feature was introduced on the PRE3 to allow you to p...

Page 71: ...ides a flexible packet scheduling and queuing system in which you can specify how excess bandwidth is to be allocated among the subscriber queues and logical interfaces Rather than allocating an implicit minimum bandwidth guarantee to each queue the three level scheduler uses the bandwidth remaining ratio parameter to allocate unused bandwidth to each logical queue Hierarchical Policies Documentat...

Page 72: ... Release Release 12 3 7 XI Description The nested hierarchical policies feature was enhanced on the PRE2 to support three level hierarchical policies Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description This feature was integrated in Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 31 SB2 Description This feature was introduced on the PRE3 Hierarchical Input Policing Cisco IOS Release Relea...

Page 73: ...g a authentication authorization and accounting AAA server such as RADIUS Per Session Shaping for ATM Interfaces Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 33 SB Description The Per Session Shaping for ATM Interfaces feature enables the router to shape session traffic on L2TP network server LNS outbound ATM interfaces Using this feature you can apply a hierarchical QoS policy to an ATM interface and manage th...

Page 74: ...The PPP Session Queuing on ATM VCs feature was introduced on the PRE3 to enable you to shape and queue PPP over ATM PPPoA and PPP over Ethernet over ATM PPPoEoA sessions to a user specified rate Layer 2 Access Concentrator Documentation References Chapter 2 Classifying Traffic Chapter 4 Attaching Service Policies Chapter 6 Policing Traffic Chapter 7 Marking Traffic Classification Policing and Mark...

Page 75: ...page 1 35 Multi VC MLP Over ATM Based LFI Feature page 1 34 FRF 12 Fragmentation Feature page 1 35 interface multilink Command Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 Description The interface multilink command was introduced on the PRE1 to create and configure a MLP bundle Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 16 BX Description This command was introduced on the PRE2 and provides a multilink interface range of 1...

Page 76: ... ppp multilink command was introduced on the PRE1 to enable Multilink PPP MLP on an interface Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 16 BX Description This command was introduced on the PRE2 Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description This command was integrated in Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 31 SB2 Description This command was introduced on the PRE3 ppp multilink frag...

Page 77: ...ntegrated in Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 31 SB2 Description This command was introduced on the PRE3 ppp multilink fragment disable Command Cisco IOS Release Release 11 3 Description The ppp multilink fragment disable command was introduced on the PRE1 as ppp multilink fragmentation Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 Description The no ppp multilink fragmentation command...

Page 78: ...ease Release 12 2 16 BX Description This command was introduced on the PRE2 Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description This command was integrated in Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 31 SB2 Description This command was introduced on the PRE3 MLP Over ATM Based LFI Feature Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description The Multilink PPP MLP over ATM feature was in...

Page 79: ...eature was introduced on the PRE2 Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description This feature was integrated in Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 31 SB2 Description This feature was introduced on the PRE3 and the valid interface values changed from 1 to 9999 Release 12 2 28 SB and later to from 1 to 9999 and 65 536 to 2 147 483 647 Release 12 2 31 SB2 and later FRF 12 F...

Page 80: ...PRE2 to set the cell loss priority CLP bit to 1 Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description This command was integrated in Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB for the PRE2 Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 33 SB Description This command was introduced on the PRE3 and PRE4 set cos Command Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 16 BX Description The set cos command was introduced on the PRE2 to set the Layer 2 c...

Page 81: ...e ToS byte Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description This command was integrated in Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 31 SB2 Description This command was introduced on the PRE3 to allow you to mark the IP DSCP bits of traffic on the L2TP access concentrator LAC set ip precedence Command Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 17 SL Description The set ip precedence command ...

Page 82: ...e Release 12 0 17 SL Description The marking feature was introduced on the PRE1 to enable you to differentiate packets based on designated markings Other devices can examine the marked bits and classify traffic based on the marked values Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 22 S Description This feature was enhanced to support MPLS experimental EXP marking Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 16 BX Descriptio...

Page 83: ...2 2 28 SB Description This feature was integrated in Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB for the PRE2 Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 31 SB2 Description This feature was introduced on the PRE3 Enhancements to the MQC allow you to classify packets on the L2TP access concentrator LAC based upon the IP type of service ToS bits in an embedded IP packet When a policer is configured the router uses packet class...

Page 84: ...roduced on the PRE2 PRE3 and PRE4 to enable the router to account for downstream Ethernet frame headers when applying shaping to packets A user defined offset specifies the number of overhead bytes the router is to use when calculating the overhead per packet Traffic Shaping Overhead Accounting for ATM Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description The Traffic Shaping Overhead Accounting for ATM...

Page 85: ...mission capacity Cisco IOS Release Release 12 3 7 XI3 Description The amount of oversubscription you can configure was increased to 500 For example you can oversubscribe the physical transmission capacity from 1 to 500 times Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description This command was integrated in Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 31 SB2 Description This command was...

Page 86: ...physical transmission capacity from 1 to 500 times Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description This feature was integrated in Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 31 SB2 Description This command was introduced on the PRE3 with an oversubscription factor from 1 to 500 map class frame relay Command Documentation Reference Appendix A Configuring Frame Relay QoS Using Frame...

Page 87: ...ion This command was introduced on the PRE3 to allow the aggregate VLAN rates to exceed the available bandwidth The oversubscription factor is a value from 1 to 500 queue depth Command Cisco IOS Release Release 12 3 7 XI1 Description The queue depth command was introduced on the PRE2 to allow you to configure the segmentation and reassembly SAR line card queue depth for each VC interface queue Cis...

Page 88: ...e Three Color Marker Feature page 1 47 ATM VP Average Traffic Rate page 1 48 police Command Single Rate Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 17 SL Description The police command was introduced on the PRE1 to allow you to control the maximum rate of traffic sent or received on an interface This command included a single rate two color policer which allows you to classify traffic into two groups traffic t...

Page 89: ...lity DE bit value police percent Command Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 25 SX Description The police percent command was introduced on the PRE1 to allow you to configure traffic policing as a percentage of the interface bandwidth on which policing is applied Configuring traffic policing based on bandwidth percentage enables you to use the same policy map for multiple interfaces with differing amou...

Page 90: ...ffering amounts of bandwidth Cisco IOS Release Release 12 3 7 XI Description This feature was introduced on the PRE2 Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description This feature was enhanced on the PRE2 to allow you to configure two traffic policing rates as a percentage the committed information rate CIR and the peak information rate PIR Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 31 SB2 Description This com...

Page 91: ...raffic streams into groups of conforming non conforming and violating traffic Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 16 BX Description This feature was introduced on the PRE2 and included a single rate two color marker Cisco IOS Release Release 12 3 7 XI Description This feature was enhanced on the PRE2 to include a three color marker Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description This feature was integ...

Page 92: ...ed on the PRE1 to give priority to a traffic class in a policy map and to set the bandwidth rate for the queue in kilobits per second Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 20 ST Description This command was enhanced on the PRE1 to include a percent based bandwidth rate Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 25 S Description This command was modified on the PRE1 to provide strict priority queuing Strict priority ...

Page 93: ... for each of the traffic classes in a single service policy map Priority Queuing Feature Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 17 SL Description The priority queuing feature was introduced on the PRE1 to allow the router to dequeue and transmit delay sensitive data such as voice before it dequeues and sends packets in other queues Using priority queuing delay sensitive data receives preferential treatmen...

Page 94: ... member page 1 51 bundle Command page 1 51 class bundle Command page 1 51 class vc Command page 1 51 dscp Command Frame Relay VC bundle member page 1 51 exp Command page 1 51 frame relay vc bundle Command page 1 51 mpls experimental Command page 1 52 oam bundle Command page 1 52 precedence Command page 1 52 precedence Command Frame Relay VC bundle member page 1 52 protect Command page 1 52 protect...

Page 95: ...s vc Command Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 26 S Description The class vc command was introduced on the PRE1 to assign a virtual circuit VC class to an ATM permanent virtual circuit PVC or PVC bundle member dscp Command Frame Relay VC bundle member Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 26 S Description The dscp command was introduced on the PRE1 to configure the differentiated services code point DSCP le...

Page 96: ...onfigure precedence levels for a virtual circuit VC class VC or permanent virtual circuit PVC member of a bundle The VC class is assigned to a PVC bundle and thus applied to all PVC members of that bundle precedence Command Frame Relay VC bundle member Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 26 S Description The precedence command was introduced on the PRE1 to configure the precedence levels for a Frame Re...

Page 97: ...n The PVC bundles over ATM and Frame Relay feature was introduced on the PRE1 to combine PVCs into one logical interface This feature provides IP precedence and DSCP based PVC selection ATM PVC Bundle Enhancement MPLS EXP Based PVC Selection Feature Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 26 S Description The ATM PVC Bundle Enhancement MPLS EXP Based PVC Selection feature was introduced on the PRE1 to prov...

Page 98: ... statistics Command Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 31 SB2 Description This command was introduced on the PRE3 to configure the router to count QoS matches for each class or for each match statement and class Per class counts provide for greater QoS scalability Policy Maps Feature Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 17 SL Description The QoS policy map feature was introduced on the PRE1 to configure a Q...

Page 99: ... 2 28 SB Shaping PPPoE Over VLAN Sessions Using RADIUS Documentation Reference Chapter 17 Configuring Dynamic Subscriber Services Per Session Queuing and Shaping for PPPoE Over VLAN Support Using RADIUS Feature page 1 55 Per Session Queuing and Shaping for PPPoE Over VLAN Support Using RADIUS Feature Cisco IOS Release Release 12 3 7 XI7 Description The Per Session Queuing and Shaping for PPPoE ove...

Page 100: ...S Release 12 2 28 SB Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 31 SB2 Description This command was introduced on the PRE3 pvc Command Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 17 SL Description This command was introduced on the PRE1 Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 16 BX Description This command was introduced on the PRE2 Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description This command was integrated in Cisco IOS Release 1...

Page 101: ...isco IOS Release Release 12 2 31 SB2 Description This command was introduced on the PRE3 vbr nrt Command Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 25 SX Description This command was introduced on the PRE1 Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 16 BX Description This command was introduced on the PRE2 Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description This command was integrated in Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB Cisco IO...

Page 102: ...E3 Frame Relay Traffic Shaping Feature Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 17 SL Description The Frame Relay Traffic Shaping FRTS feature was introduced on the PRE1 to eliminate bottlenecks in Frame Relay networks by allowing you to configure rate enforcement to either the committed information rate CIR or some other defined value such as the excess information rate on a per VC basis Hierarchical Shapi...

Page 103: ...ighted Fair Queuing for Virtual Access Interfaces Feature page 1 60 Bandwidth Fair Queuing Feature Cisco IOS Release Release 12 0 17 SL Description The bandwidth fair queuing feature was introduced on the PRE1 to share bandwidth fairly among competing traffic Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 15 BX Description This feature was introduced on the PRE2 Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 28 SB Description Th...

Page 104: ...s Documentation Reference Chapter 14 Simultaneous Policy Maps Simultaneous QoS Policy Map on Interface and PPP Session A DSLAM Case page 1 60 Simultaneous QoS Policy Map on Interface and PPP Session A DSLAM Case Cisco IOS Release Release 12 2 33 SB Description The Simultaneous QoS Policy Map on Interface and PPP Session A DSLAM Case feature was introduced on the PRE2 PRE3 and PRE4 to allow the bro...

Page 105: ... Feature Related Documentation Broadband and lease line QoS features Cisco 10000 Series Broadband Aggregation and Leased Line Configuration Guide CISCO CLASS BASED QOS MIB and CISCO CLASS BASED QOS CAPABILITY MIB Cisco 10000 Series MIB Documents Line cards Cisco 10000 Series Router Line Card Configuration Guide Technology of Edge Aggregation Cisco 10000 Series Router Modular Quality of Service Com...

Page 106: ...1 62 Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide OL 7433 09 Chapter 1 Quality of Service Overview Related Documentation ...

Page 107: ...ication page 2 11 Classifying Traffic Using a Class Map page 2 11 Related Documentation page 2 14 Traffic Classification Using Class Maps The Cisco 10000 router must differentiate traffic before it can apply the appropriate QoS actions to the traffic The router supports a modular QoS CLI element called a class map which you can use to define traffic classification rules or criteria Class maps orga...

Page 108: ...integrated in Cisco IOS Release 12 2 31 SB2 for the PRE3 Enhancements to the modular quality of service CLI MQC allow you to classify packets on the L2TP access concentrator LAC based upon the IP type of service ToS bits in an embedded IP packet The classification is used to police ingress traffic according to the differentiated service code point DSCP value PRE3 Release 12 2 33 SB This feature wa...

Page 109: ...atch statistics Command section on page 2 4 Note The qos match statistics command is not available on the PRE2 Due to memory limitations the PRE2 cannot exceed 262 000 class maps When using the show commands in per class mode the per match statistics display a value of zero In per class mode the per match statistics are zero in the MIB class map Command To create or modify a class map use the clas...

Page 110: ...e the router to count QoS matches for each class or for each match statement and class use the qos match statistics command in global configuration mode qos match statistics per class per match Syntax Description match any Optional Indicates that a packet must meet at least one of the match criteria to be considered a member of the class match all Optional Indicates that a packet must meet all of ...

Page 111: ...match statistics are zero in the MIB Defining Match Criteria Using the match Commands To define the classification criteria for a class map use the match commands in class map configuration mode The match statements you define are the criteria the router uses to classify packets To remove a match statement use the no form of this command The router defaults to match all Cisco IOS Release Descripti...

Page 112: ...licies only Router config cmap match discard class value Specifies that the discard class value must match the specified discard class value Packets that match the specified discard class value are treated differently from packets marked with other discard class values The discard class is a matching criterion only used in defining per hop behavior PHB for dropping traffic value is a number from 0...

Page 113: ... 0 For more information see Table 7 4 on page 7 8 Note In Cisco IOS Release 12 2 31 SB2 and later releases enhancements to the modular quality of service CLI MQC allow you to classify packets on the L2TP access concentrator LAC based upon the IP type of service ToS bits in an embedded IP packet The classification is used to police ingress traffic according to the DSCP value Router config cmap matc...

Page 114: ...ue on the imposed label entry of the packet must match the MPLS EXP value that you specify value specifies the value to which you want to set the MPLS EXP bits Valid values are from 0 to 7 You can specify up to 8 MPLS EXP values Note The match mpls experimental imposition command is available only on the PRE2 Router config cmap match mpls experimental topmost value Matches the experimental EXP val...

Page 115: ...ching on the IP Real Time Transport Protocol RTP match qos group This command was enhanced to include matching on a QoS group Release 12 0 17 SL match not This command was enhanced to include matching on criteria that the packet does not match Release 12 0 22 S match mpls experimental This command was enhanced to include matching on the MPLS experimental EXP bit value Release 12 2 15 BX match cos ...

Page 116: ...cket You can enter this command on input and output interfaces This command matches only on MPLS packets match not Use this command to specify a QoS policy value that is not used as a match criterion When you use the match not command all other values of that QoS policy become successful match criteria For example if you enter the match not qos group 4 command in class map configuration mode the s...

Page 117: ...atch vlan Do not use this command with any other match command in a class map Class Default Class The class named class default is a predefined traffic class that the router uses to classify traffic that does match one of the defined classes in a policy map Although class default is predefined you can configure policy actions for it in the policy map If you do not configure policy actions by defau...

Page 118: ...map match ip rtp 16384 16383 Router config cmap exit Router config class map data Router config cmap match ip precedence 1 Router config cmap exit Router config class map application Router config cmap match ip precedence 2 Example 2 2 creates a class map named class1 that tells the router to look for packets that belong to access list 1 or that have an IP precedence value of 3 or 7 Example 2 2 De...

Page 119: ...ch access group 1 Match ip precedence 3 7 Defining QoS Policy Actions After you create a class map and configure the match criteria by which the Cisco 10000 series router classifies traffic you then need to tell the router how you want it to handle the matching packets To do this you define QoS policy actions in a policy map For more information see Chapter 3 Configuring QoS Policy Actions and Rul...

Page 120: ...S tech note QoS Packet Marking Implementing Quality of Service tech note QoS in the Enterprise Deploying QoS in the Enterprise Considerations for Multiservice Networks Class maps Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide Release 12 2 Part 8 Modular Quality of Service Command Line Interface Configuring the Modular Quality of Service Command Line Interface Modular QoS CLI Configurat...

Page 121: ...ge 3 12 Traffic Subject to QoS Policies page 3 17 ATM Virtual Circuits Without QoS Policies page 3 17 QoS Performance page 3 18 Configuring QoS Policies page 3 18 Verifying QoS Policy Configurations page 3 20 Related Documentation page 3 23 QoS Policies After the Cisco 10000 series router classifies traffic based on the classification rules applied on an inbound or outbound interface the router ne...

Page 122: ...erfaces it is removed from them Whenever you modify a class policy in an attached policy map class based weighted fair queuing CBWFQ is notified and the new classes are installed as part of the policy map in the CBWFQ system System Limits for Policy Maps Table 3 1 lists the system limits for policy maps supported on the Cisco 10000 series router Cisco IOS Release Description Required PRE Release 1...

Page 123: ...roximately 118 MB of memory This is subtracted from memory that is available for such things as PPP sessions If you attempt to create 8193 policy maps the following error message displays No more than 8192 policy maps can be defined The number of policy map instances supported on the router depends on the number of interfaces VCCIs configured The maximum number of interfaces allowed is 61 500 Ther...

Page 124: ...for specific traffic classes Input and Output Policy Actions page 3 4 Policy Map Actions Releases Prior to Cisco IOS Release 12 0 17 SL page 3 7 Policy Map Actions Cisco IOS Release 12 0 17 SL and Later Releases page 3 10 Policy Map Actions Cisco IOS Release 12 0 20 ST and Later Releases page 3 10 Policy Map Actions Cisco IOS Release 12 0 22 S and Later Releases page 3 11 Input and Output Policy A...

Page 125: ...d If you do an error message appears Table 3 2 Input Policy Map Actions Policy Map Actions Interface Type Normal Tag MPLS VPN Virtual Access ATM UBR VCs bandwidth Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable queue limit Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable priority Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable shape Not Available Not Available No...

Page 126: ...able priority Valid Valid Valid Applied to the VC not the VAI Not Applicable shape Valid Valid Valid Applied to the VC not the VAI Not Applicable random detect Valid Valid Not Available Not Available set ip prec dscp Valid Not Applicable Valid Valid set qos group Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable set atm clp Valid Not Available Not Available Not Available set cos Valid1 1...

Page 127: ...s the action to take on packets that conform to the rate limit The default action is transmit exceed action action specifies the action to take on packets that exceed the rate limit The default action is drop Note You can specify only one action each for conform or exceed Do not specify multiple actions See Table 3 9 on page 3 12 for a list of available policing actions queue limit number of packe...

Page 128: ... the average queue is at the maximum threshold Note Default values for random detect vary from release to release Use the show policy interface command to view default values random detect exponential weight constant value Allows you to modify the default method that random detect uses to calculate average queue size Random detect determines the average queue size based on the current queue length...

Page 129: ...packets is dropped when the average queue is at the maximum threshold Note Default values for random detect vary from release to release Use the show policy interface command to view default values set atm clp Sets the cell loss priority CLP bit setting Configure this command as an output action only set ip dscp dscp value Marks a packet by setting the IP differentiated services code point DSCP in...

Page 130: ... Cisco IOS Release 12 0 23 SX1 Release 12 0 25 S and Release 12 3 7 XI and later releases the syntax of the priority command changed to priority without any arguments For these later releases use the priority command with the police command so that the priority class does not starve other traffic on a link For more information see the Avoiding Bandwidth Starvation Due to Priority Services section ...

Page 131: ...ts exceeds or violates the policing parameters you specified Table 3 9 describes the policing actions the router supports and the minimum Cisco IOS release required Table 3 7 Policy Map Actions Cisco IOS Release 12 0 22 S and Later Releases Action Description set mpls experimental value Copies the setting of the IP precedence or DSCP bits to the MPLS experimental bits of a packet value is a number...

Page 132: ...e 12 3 7 XI set discard class transmit Sets the discard class attribute of a packet and transmits the packet with the new discard class setting Release 12 3 7 XI set dscp transmit value Sets the IP differentiated services code point DSCP value and transmits the packet with the new IP DSCP value setting Valid values are from 0 to 63 Release 12 0 9 SL set mpls exp transmit value Sets the Multiprotoc...

Page 133: ...s when you configure the no atm pxf queuing command on each port of the router Point to Point Protocol over ATM PPPoA supports one session per VC and requires that you enable no atm pxf queuing to support 32 000 PPPoA sessions Layer 2 Tunnel Protocol L2TP does not require that you enable no atm pxf queuing and Point to Point Protocol over Ethernet PPPoE sessions do not require that you enable this...

Page 134: ...irst The UBR traffic does not affect the trunk loading calculations performed by the switch software UBR is the default class of service running at the maximum line rate of the physical interface The router supports both unshaped no PCR specified and shaped UBRs Shaped UBR Traffic shaping allows you to control the traffic going out an interface in order to match its flow to the speed of the remote...

Page 135: ...delay variation boundaries For those cells in compliance with the traffic contract a low cell loss is expected Non time critical data file transfers are an example of a VBR nrt connection A VBR nrt connection is characterized by PCR SCR and MBS Command Purpose Step 1 Router config interface type slot module port subinterface Specifies an interface or subinterface and enters interface configuration...

Page 136: ...Do not change this queuing mode while VCs are configured on the interface If you need to change the mode remove the VCs first and then change the mode Changing the mode while VCs are configured can produce undesired results and the change does not take effect until the router reloads Step 3 Router config subif pvc vci vpi Configures a PVC on the subinterface and enters ATM VC configuration mode vc...

Page 137: ...at is not an unshaped UBR VC the router applies the specified bandwidth to only that specific VC By default the router first allocates bandwidth to the VBR VCs and then allocates any bandwidth leftover to unshaped UBR VCs To override this default behavior apply a service policy to the unshaped UBR VC using an hierarchical shaping policy For more information see Chapter 13 Defining QoS for Multiple...

Page 138: ...ets per second forwarding capacity than before Although the forwarding capacity diminishes system performance is not affected Packet classification processing affects only the forwarding capacity of the system not the speed Packet delay due to additional PXF passes is negligible Therefore system performance degradation occurs only at high system utilization The following describes PXF requirements...

Page 139: ...r config pmap c police 50 Router config pmap class vlan Router config pmap c bandwidth percent 20 Example 3 2 shows how to configure the class default class in the policy map named mypolicy In this example class default has a bandwidth configuration of 128 kbps Example 3 2 Assigning the Default Class to a Policy Map Router config policy map mypolicy Router config pmap class class default Router co...

Page 140: ... ATM subinterfaces Frame Relay PVCs point to point subinterfaces and map classes Ethernet VLANs IP tunnel interfaces Virtual access interfaces For more information see Chapter 4 Attaching Service Policies Verifying QoS Policy Configurations To verify a policy map configuration enter any of the following commands in privileged EXEC mode Command Purpose Router show policy map policy map name Display...

Page 141: ...ll classes that are configured for all inbound and outbound policies on all interfaces Router show policy map interface type number input output Displays the configuration of all classes configured for all inbound or outbound service policies on all interfaces type is the interface type such as ATM number is the port number on the selected interface Note If you do not specify input or output the r...

Page 142: ...0 Random detect precedence based Exponential weight 3 1 8 Current average queue length 0 packets Min Max Prob Rand Drops Tail Drops 0 16 32 1 1 0 0 1 18 32 1 10 0 0 2 20 32 1 10 0 0 3 22 32 1 10 0 0 4 24 32 1 10 0 0 5 26 32 1 10 0 0 6 28 32 1 10 0 0 7 30 32 1 10 0 0 Class map prec_0_1 match all 21041 3 1417 packets 1473680 bytes 5 minute offered rate 0 bps drop rate 0 bps Match access group 101 21...

Page 143: ...Q class map command Constant Bit Rate CBR ATM service class ATM Traffic Management Understanding the CBR Service Category for ATM VCs ATM Traffic Management Understanding Router Support for ATM Real Time Service Categories Policy maps Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide Release 12 2 Part 8 Modular Quality of Service Command Line Interface Configuring the Modular Quality of S...

Page 144: ...nfiguring ATM Connections ATM Connection Flow Traffic Shaping for CBR rt VBR nrt VBR and UBR Configuring ATM Connections ATM Connection Configuration Unspecified Bit Rate Connections Variable bit rate VBR ATM service class ATM Traffic Management Understanding the VBR nrt Service Category and Traffic Shaping for ATM VCs ATM Traffic Management Understanding Router Support for ATM Real Time Service C...

Page 145: ...cess Interface QoS Service Policies page 4 23 Attaching Layer 2 Access Concentrator QoS Service Policies page 4 30 Applying QoS on Layer 2 Tunnel Packets page 4 32 Verifying and Monitoring QoS Service Policies page 4 32 Related Documentation page 4 36 Interfaces Supporting QoS Service Policies You can attach QoS service policies to Physical interfaces Multilink Point to Point Protocol MLPPP and Mu...

Page 146: ...d PVCs page 4 5 Feature History for ATM QoS ATM QoS Inheritance The following describes how ATM traffic inherits QoS policies For all releases earlier than Cisco IOS Release 12 3 7 XI2 if you attach a service policy only to the physical interface the aggregate of all unspecified bit rate UBR PVCs is subject to the physical interface s service policy For Cisco IOS Release 12 3 7 XI2 and later relea...

Page 147: ...o unshaped UBR PVCs As a result a diminished amount of bandwidth is available to allocate to unshaped UBR PVCs To override this behavior create an hierarchical policy with the bandwidth specified and attach the policy to the ATM port or physical interface For more information see Chapter 13 Defining QoS for Multiple Policy Levels service policy Command To attach a policy map that the router can us...

Page 148: ...rm ser of the service policy command Instead you must spell out the command name service before the router accepts the command For example when attaching a policy map the following error message appears when you attempt to use the abbreviated form of the service policy command Router config interface gigabit1 1 0 Router config if ser out Unrecognized command Router config if ser Unrecognized comma...

Page 149: ...then change the mode Changing the mode while VCs are configured can produce undesired results and the change does not take effect until the router reloads For a policy map to be successfully attached to an interface or ATM VC the aggregate of the configured minimum bandwidths of the policy map classes is limited to the speed of the interface unless you use the atm over subscription factor command ...

Page 150: ... myQoS Command Purpose Step 1 Router config interface atm slot module port Specifies the interface to which you want to attach the QoS service policy and enters interface configuration mode Step 2 Router config if service policy input output policy map name Attaches the service policy you specify to the interface input indicates to apply the service policy to inbound traffic on the interface outpu...

Page 151: ...unless the router is currently configured for no atm pxf queuing Note This is the required interface operating mode for QoS service policies that include queuing actions Step 3 Router config if interface atm slot module port subinterface point to point Specifies the point to point subinterface and enters subinterface configuration mode Step 4 Router config subif service policy input output policy ...

Page 152: ... interface configuration mode Command Purpose Step 1 Router config interface atm slot module port Specifies the ATM interface and enters interface configuration mode Step 2 Router config if atm pxf queuing Specifies the interface mode In this mode the interface operates in low VC count The router operates in atm pxf queuing mode by default You do not need to specify this mode unless the router is ...

Page 153: ...c ATM PVC in a range of PVCs enter the following commands beginning in global configuration mode Step 5 Router config if atm vc service policy input output policy map name Attaches the service policy you specify to the specified ATM PVC input indicates to apply the service policy to inbound traffic on the interface output indicates to apply the service policy to outbound traffic on the interface N...

Page 154: ...s Valid values are from 32 to 65535 Step 3 Router config if atm range service policy input output policy map name Attaches the service policy you specify to the specified ATM PVC range input indicates to apply the service policy to inbound traffic on the interface output indicates to apply the service policy to outbound traffic on the interface Note For QoS policies containing the bandwidth priori...

Page 155: ... link connection identifiers DLCIs and map classes using the map class frame relay and service policy commands You can apply a map class to an interface or subinterface This section includes the following topics Feature History for Frame Relay QoS page 4 12 Frame Relay QoS Inheritance page 4 12 map class frame relay Command page 4 12 Restrictions and Limitations for Frame Relay QoS Service Policie...

Page 156: ... service policy are individually subject to their attached service policies If you attach a service policy to a Frame Relay point to point subinterface either directly or using a map class the router applies the QoS service policy to the aggregate of all of the DLCIs configured on the subinterface If you attach a service policy to an individual DLCI either directly or using a map class the router ...

Page 157: ...2 S use the Frame Relay commands to configure Frame Relay QoS services For more information see Appendix A Configuring Frame Relay QoS Using Frame Relay Legacy Commands The router has no preset scaling limit for Frame Relay QoS services You can apply any number of Frame Relay QoS services The router does not support attaching QoS service policies to Frame Relay point to multipoint subinterfaces Yo...

Page 158: ...Frame Relay subinterface a Frame Relay DLCI but not to both To attach a QoS service policy to a Frame Relay link perform any of the following tasks Attaching a QoS Service Policy to a Frame Relay Interface or Point to Point Subinterface page 4 14 Attaching a QoS Service Policy to a Frame Relay DLCI page 4 17 Attaching a QoS Service Policy to a Frame Relay Interface or Point to Point Subinterface T...

Page 159: ...irection Example 4 6 Attaching a QoS Policy Directly to a Frame Relay Interface Router config interface serial 4 0 0 Router config if service policy input silver Command Purpose Step 1 Router config interface type slot subslot port subinterface Specifies the interface or subinterface to which you want to attach the QoS service policy Enters interface or subinterface configuration mode Step 2 Route...

Page 160: ...ay map class name Specifies a map class and enters map class configuration mode map class name identifies the map class Step 2 Router config map c service policy input output policy map name Applies the service policy you specify to the map class input indicates to apply the service policy to the inbound traffic on the interface output indicates to apply the service policy to the outbound traffic ...

Page 161: ... a QoS policy to the same Frame Relay interface or subinterface by using both the MQC and a map class For releases earlier than Cisco IOS Release 12 0 22 S use the Frame Relay commands to attach QoS policies see Appendix A Configuring Frame Relay QoS Using Frame Relay Legacy Commands For Cisco IOS Release 12 0 22 S and later releases use the MQC Attaching a QoS Service Policy Directly to a Frame R...

Page 162: ... to DLCI 201 on serial interface 4 0 0 for outbound packets Example 4 10 Attaching a QoS Service Policy Directly to a DLCI Configured on an Interface Router config interface serial 4 0 0 Router config if frame relay interface dlci 201 Router config fr dlci service policy output voice Step 3 Router config fr dlci service policy input output policy map name Attaches the service policy you specify to...

Page 163: ...ice policy to outbound traffic on the interface Note For QoS policies containing the bandwidth priority random detect queue limit and shape commands you must specify the output keyword If you use these commands with the input keyword the router ignores the commands policy map name is the name of the policy map Step 3 Router config map c exit Exits map class configuration mode Step 4 Router config ...

Page 164: ... Example 4 12 Attaching a QoS Service Policy to a Frame Relay Interface DLCI Using a Map Class Router config map class frame relay voice Router config map class service policy Premium Router config map class exit Router config interface serial 3 0 0 Router config if frame relay interface dlci 200 Router config fr dlci frame relay class voice Attaching Virtual LAN QoS Service Policies On Ethernet i...

Page 165: ...VLAN subinterfaces with a service policy are individually subject to their attached service policies Restrictions and Limitations for Attaching QoS Services to VLAN Subinterfaces The Cisco 10000 series router currently supports PPPoE over IEEE 802 1Q VLAN on Gigabit Ethernet and Fast Ethernet 8 port half height line cards The Fast Ethernet port fe0 0 0 of the performance routing engine PRE does no...

Page 166: ...ep 1 Router config interface type slot module port Specifies the physical Ethernet interface to which you want to attach the QoS service policy Enters interface configuration mode Step 2 Router config if service policy input output policy map name Attaches the service policy you specify to the physical interface input indicates to apply the service policy to inbound traffic on the interface output...

Page 167: ...nal parameters called a virtual template interface to create and configure the VAI 2 When the user connection terminates the router deletes the VAI and frees the resources for other client uses Command Purpose Step 1 Router config interface type slot module port subinterface Specifies the Ethernet subinterface to which you want to attach the QoS service policy Enters subinterface configuration mod...

Page 168: ...ate provides the remainder of the configuration Note Virtual template interfaces and VAIs do not apply to routed bridge encapsulation RBE over ATM For more information about virtual templates and VAIs see the Cisco 10000 Series Broadband Aggregation and Leased Line Configuration Guide at http www cisco com en US products hw routers ps133 products_configuration_guide_book0918 6a00804d45ca html This...

Page 169: ...ng a virtual template The router supports queueing only when you apply the QoS policy to a VC You can apply a QoS policy without queueing related actions to either a VC or a VAI but not to both at the same time You cannot use RADIUS to configure a QoS policy on the VC If you configure a QoS policy on a VC the show policy interface VAI command does not display information to indicate that the VAI i...

Page 170: ...Router config if ip unnumbered Loopback1 Router config if no peer default ip address Router config if ppp authentication chap vpn1 Router config if ppp authorization vpn1 Router config if ppp accounting vpn1 Router config if service policy policy1 Command Purpose Step 1 Router config interface virtual template number Creates a virtual template interface and enters interface configuration mode numb...

Page 171: ...ple for Applying a Virtual Template Interface to a BBA Group Example 4 16 shows how to create a BBA group named vpn1 and apply the virtual template named VirtualTemplate 1 to the group In the example the BBA group configuration limits the number of sessions per VC to 5 and specifies that a maximum of 10 PPPoE sessions can be terminated on the interface or subinterface to which the BBA group is att...

Page 172: ...able Example 4 18 shows how to attach a BBA group named bba voice to ATM subinterface 4 0 0 10 for PPPoE sessions The example also assigns VLAN 4 to the subinterface Example 4 18 Attaching a BBA Group to a VLAN Subinterface Router config interface atm 4 0 0 10 Router config subif protocol pppoe group bba voice Router config subif encapsulation dot1q 4 Router config subif pppoe enable Command Purpo...

Page 173: ...ions Using a Virtual Template on a VLAN Subinterface Router config interface Virtual Template1 Router config if ip unnumbered Loopback0 Router config if mtu 1492 Router config if peer default ip address pool pool1 Router config if ppp authentication chap Router config if service policy input policy1 Router config interface Virtual Template2 Router config if ip unnumbered Loopback1 Router config if...

Page 174: ...ou attach service policies to both the physical ATM interface and individual ATM PVCs the aggregate of all UBR PVCs without an attached service policy is subject to the physical interface s service policy All PVCs with an attached service policy are individually subject to their attached service policies When a service policy is attached to an individual ATM PVC sessions that use that PVC inherit ...

Page 175: ...Do not change the queuing mode while VCs are configured on the interface If you must change the mode first delete the VCs and then change the mode Changing the mode while VCs are configured can produce undesired results and the change does not take effect until the router reloads The aggregate bandwidth of the classes configured in a policy map is limited to the speed of the interface or subinterf...

Page 176: ...d physical interface When applying the QoS policy the physical interface uses the tunnel outer IP header the tunnel interface uses the inner IP header When an IP packet is encapsulated in a tunnel the router copies the packet s original IP type of service ToS value into the tunnel header Verifying and Monitoring QoS Service Policies To verify and monitor QoS service policies attached to ATM Frame ...

Page 177: ... you configure a QoS policy on a VC the show policy map interface virtual access command does not display information to indicate that the VAI is subject to the VC service policy However if you apply a QoS policy directly to a VAI the show policy interface virtual access command displays information about the QoS policy on the VAI Router show pxf interface interface detail Displays a summary of th...

Page 178: ... group 101 class map match any class default policy map wred_1 class prec_0_0 bandwidth 75 random detect precedence based random detect exponential weighting constant3 random detect precedence 0 10 20 10 class prec_0_1 bandwidth 73 random detect precedence based random detect exponential weighting constant 3 random detect precedence 1 10 20 10 Example 4 20 Displaying RED Drop Counts Router show po...

Page 179: ...64 3 88 packets bytes output 0 0 drops Example 4 21 shows another example of the information that appears when you enter the show policy map interface command The sample output in Example 4 21 is based on a broadband configuration with the following class map and policy map configurations class map match any VoIP match ip dscp ef match ip precedence 5 class map match any VoD match ip precedence 3 ...

Page 180: ...ated Documentation BBA Groups Cisco 10000 Series Broadband Aggregation and Lease Line Configuration Guide Configuring PPPoE over Ethernet and IEEE 802 1Q VLAN Frame Relay legacy commands Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide Configuring Frame Relay QoS Using Frame Relay Legacy Commands Subinterface Policy Maps Cross Platform Release Notes for Cisco IOS Release 12 0S Part...

Page 181: ...tion page 5 2 Unused Bandwidth Allocation page 5 3 Bandwidth Calculations page 5 4 Bandwidth Allocation to PVCs page 5 5 Class Default Bandwidth Guarantee page 5 6 Committed Rate Data page 5 6 Bandwidth and Priority Service page 5 7 Distribution of Remaining Bandwidth Using Ratio page 5 14 Restrictions and Limitations for Bandwidth Distribution page 5 9 Configuring Bandwidth Distribution Between Q...

Page 182: ...he interface speed Use the show policy map interface command to display the actual bandwidth Feature History for Bandwidth Distribution Between Queues Interfaces Supporting Bandwidth Distribution The following describes interface support for bandwidth distribution using the bandwidth command Interfaces Supporting the bandwidth Command Outbound Only Physical Multilink PPP and Multilink Frame Relay ...

Page 183: ... policy map named VLAN guarantees 30 percent of the bandwidth to the class named Customer1 and 60 percent of the bandwidth to the class named Customer2 If you apply the VLAN policy map to a 1 Mbps link 300 kbps is guaranteed to class Customer1 and 600 kbps is guaranteed to class Customer2 with 100 kbps remaining for the class default class If the class default class does not need additional bandwi...

Page 184: ...speed When you request a value that is not a multiple of 1 255 or 1 65535 the router chooses the nearest multiple The bandwidth percentage is based on the interface bandwidth In a hierarchical policy the bandwidth percentage is based on the nearest parent shape rate By default a minimum bandwidth guaranteed queue has buffers for up to 50 milliseconds of 256 byte packets at line rate but not less t...

Page 185: ...eck Sequence FCS that the hardware adds or removes Generic Traffic Shaping Class Based Shaping No Inter Frame Gap IFG No Preamble No Start of Frame Delimiter SFD No Frame Check Sequence FCS No cell header No AAL Common Part Convergence Sublayer CPCS pad No ATM trailer Class Based Shaping No ATM cell overhead No AAL Common Part Convergence Sublayer CPCS pad No ATM trailer Class Based Shaping No ATM...

Page 186: ...this so that the class default queue has at least a minimum amount of the committed rate to guarantee bandwidth to any control traffic flowing over the default class This behavior is unique to the class default class only and the PRE2 To workaround this problem you can Configure the bandwidth percent or bandwidth rate command in the policy map instead of the bandwidth remaining percent command Lim...

Page 187: ...kets are transmitted from it As a result there is no way to guarantee bandwidth to the other queues on the link To resolve this configure the other queues using the bandwidth remaining command This command enables the router to allocate relative amounts of bandwidth eliminating the need to constantly change the class bandwidth Table 5 4 lists the functional differences between the bandwidth and pr...

Page 188: ...S Release 12 3 7 XI2 the OC 3 and OC 12 line cards support a maximum of 14 336 VCs when configured for hierarchical shaping The DS3 E3 line card supports a maximum of 8 192 VCs when configured for shaping You can configure the maximum number of VCs across the ports in any fashion provided that you do not exceed the per port maximum The OC 3 line card is limited to 8 192 VCs per port and the DS3 is...

Page 189: ...ing mode is not required for L2TP and might not be required for PPPoE because you can have 64 000 sessions on a single VC The Cisco 10000 series router supports the following ATM traffic classes when you configure the no atm pxf queuing command Shaped and unshaped unspecified bit rate UBR To configure shaped UBR enter the ubr command and specify the PCR value For unshaped UBR enter the ubr command...

Page 190: ... pmap class class map name Assigns the traffic class you specify to the policy map Enters policy map class configuration mode class map name is the name of a previously configured class map and is the traffic class for which you want to define QoS actions Step 3 Router config pmap c bandwidth bandwidth kbps percent percentage remaining percent percentage Specifies or modifies the minimum bandwidth...

Page 191: ...rcent of the link bandwidth to all silver class traffic The maximum queue depth for silver traffic is 64 packets The random detect command ensures that excess traffic is randomly discarded using a precedence based algorithm Example 5 3 Configuring a Percentage Based Bandwidth Router config policy map mypolicy Router config pmap class silver Router config pmap c bandwidth percent 30 Router config p...

Page 192: ... to display input indicates to display the statistics for the attached inbound policy output indicates to display the statistics for the attached outbound policy Note If you do not specify input or output the router displays information about all classes that are configured for all inbound and outbound policies attached to the interface you specified Router show policy map policy map name Displays...

Page 193: ... to the traffic classes in the Gold policy map Example 5 6 Verifying Bandwidth Distribution Router show policy map interface atm 3 0 0 ATM3 0 0 Service policy output Gold Class map Business match all 0 packets 0 bytes 5 minute offered rate 0 bps drop rate 0 bps Match ip precedence 4 Output queue 0 128 0 0 packets bytes output 0 0 drops Bandwidth 4999 kbps Weight 3 Class map Non Business match all ...

Page 194: ...this way for example you can give higher weight to subinterfaces carrying business services and lower weight to subinterfaces carrying residential services The bandwidth remaining ratio enables the HQF scheduler to service a subinterface with a low SCR but a high bandwidth remaining ratio more frequently than servicing a subinterface with a high SCR but a low bandwidth remaining ratio The Distribu...

Page 195: ...nfiguration is not valid and causes an error message to display policy map Prec1 class precedence_0 bandwidth 1000 bandwidth remaining ratio 10 In a hierarchical policy map in which the parent policy has only the class default class defined with a child queuing policy applied the router accepts only the bandwidth remaining ratio form of the bandwidth command in the class default class of the paren...

Page 196: ... exit Exits policy map class configuration mode Step 5 exit Exits policy map configuration mode Step 6 policy map parent policy name Creates or modifies a parent policy map Enters policy map configuration mode parent policy name is the name of the parent policy map Step 7 class class default Configures the class default class Enters policy map class configuration mode Note The router interprets an...

Page 197: ...s child policy name is the name of the child policy Note The service policy command typically requires that you specify the direction of the traffic using the input or output keywords However when applying a child policy to a parent policy do not specify traffic direction Step 11 exit Exits policy map class configuration mode Step 12 exit Exits policy map configuration mode Step 13 interface type ...

Page 198: ...ecified in the child policy to traffic matching the traffic classes During periods of congestion the router uses the bandwidth remaining ratio specified in the parent policy map to allocate unused bandwidth on this subinterface relative to other subinterfaces Command or Action Purpose Command or Action Purpose Step 1 policy map child policy name Creates or modifies a child policy map Enters policy...

Page 199: ...Configures the class default class Enters policy map class configuration mode Note The router interprets any features configured under the class default class as aggregate features on the subinterface Step 9 shape average peak cir bc be Shapes the average or peak rate to the rate you specify average specifies average rate shaping peak specifies peak rate shaping cir specifies the committed informa...

Page 200: ...ut keywords However when applying a child policy to a parent policy do not specify traffic direction Step 12 exit Exits policy map class configuration mode Step 13 exit Exits policy map configuration mode Step 14 interface type slot module port subinterface point to point multipoint Creates or modifies the interface you specify Enters subinterface configuration mode type is the interface type for ...

Page 201: ...ip address 10 1 0 1 255 255 255 0 service policy output Parent Configuring Bandwidth Remaining Ratios on ATM Subinterfaces Example The following example shows how to differentiate one ATM PVC from another during congestion by using bandwidth remaining ratios In the example during periods of congestion in which the traffic on all PVCs on the interface exceeds the interface speed the router uses the...

Page 202: ...p child policy class precedence_0 shape average 500000 bandwidth remaining ratio 20 Class level ratio class precedence_1 shape average 500000 bandwidth remaining ratio 40 Class level ratio class precedence_2 shape average 500000 bandwidth remaining ratio 60 Class level ratio policy map vlan10_policy class class default shape average 1000000 bandwidth remaining ratio 10 Subinterface level ratio ser...

Page 203: ...00000 bandwidth remaining ratio 20 Class map precedence_1 match all 0 packets 0 bytes 30 second offered rate 0 bps drop rate 0 bps Match ip precedence 1 Queueing queue limit 62 packets queue depth total drops no buffer drops 0 0 0 pkts output bytes output 0 0 shape average cir 500000 bc 2000 be 2000 target shape rate 500000 bandwidth remaining ratio 40 Class map precedence_2 match all 0 packets 0 ...

Page 204: ...Service policy child_policy Class map precedence_0 match all 0 packets 0 bytes 30 second offered rate 0 bps drop rate 0 bps Match ip precedence 0 Queueing queue limit 62 packets queue depth total drops no buffer drops 0 0 0 pkts output bytes output 0 0 shape average cir 500000 bc 2000 be 2000 target shape rate 500000 bandwidth remaining ratio 20 Class map precedence_1 match all 0 packets 0 bytes 3...

Page 205: ...ratio of 100 is configured on the parent class default class of the policy map named vlan20_policy During congestion the scheduler allocates the subinterface Gigabit Ethernet 1 0 0 20 10 times the bandwidth that it allocates subinterface Gigabit Ethernet 1 0 0 10 Router show policy map vlan20_policy Policy Map vlan20_policy Class class default Average Rate Traffic Shaping cir 1000000 bps bandwidth...

Page 206: ...ration Task List Creating a Traffic Class Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Command Reference Release 12 2 access list rate limit fair queue WFQ class map command Hierarchical queuing framework Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide Hierarchical Scheduling and Queuing Policing Comparing Traffic Shaping and Traffic Policing for Bandwidth Limiting Policy maps Cisco IOS...

Page 207: ...lability and maximizing the use of bandwidth This chapter describes the policing capabilities of the Cisco 10000 series router It includes the following topics Traffic Policing page 6 2 Single Rate Color Marker for Traffic Policing page 6 4 Two Rate Three Color Marker for Traffic Policing page 6 8 Percent Based Policing page 6 11 Control Plane Policing page 6 13 AToM Set ATM CLP Bit Using a Police...

Page 208: ...et see the Metering Traffic and Token Buckets section on page 6 18 Policing restricts the output rate to a maximum kilobits per second kbps value or to a percentage of the available or unused bandwidth Policing does not provide a minimum bandwidth guarantee during periods of congestion to provide these guarantees you must use the bandwidth or priority command Policing is class based in that the po...

Page 209: ... 7 Release 12 2 33 SB PRE2 PRE3 PRE4 set cos inner transmit value Sets the inner VLAN CoS bits and transmits the packet with the new CoS setting Valid values are 0 to 7 Note The router supports this policing action on QinQ interfaces only We recommend that you do not configure this action in 3 level hierarchical policy maps attached to non QinQ interfaces Release 12 2 33 SB PRE2 PRE3 PRE4 set disc...

Page 210: ...bility DE bit and transmits the frame with the new DE setting Release 12 2 33 SB PRE2 PRE3 PRE4 set mpls exp transmit value Sets the Multiprotocol Label Switching MPLS experimental EXP bits and transmits the packet with the new MPLS EXP bit value setting Valid values are from 0 to 7 Release 12 0 22 S PRE1 set mpls exp imposition transmit value Sets the MPLS experimental EXP bits in the imposed lab...

Page 211: ...s important to note that the router collects statistics for conforming exceeding and violating packets Therefore when verifying packet counts be sure to observe all three statistical categories to ensure an accurate count Feature History for the Single Rate Color Marker Configuration Commands for the Single Rate Color Marker The commands used to configure the single rate color marker are police Co...

Page 212: ...the Policing Rate Granularity section on page 6 25 bc burst normal Optional Normal or committed burst bc size used by the first token bucket for policing The burst normal specifies the bc value in bytes Valid values are from 1 to 512 000 000 The default is 9 216 bytes For more information see the Committed Bursts and Excess Bursts section on page 6 21 be burst excess Optional Excess burst be size ...

Page 213: ...ftware converts the policing rate you enter in bits per second to bytes per millisecond You must configure the CBS and EBS so that at least one of them is larger than 0 When the be value equals 0 we recommend that you set the egress bc value to be greater than or equal to the ingress bc value plus 1 Otherwise packet loss can occur For example be 0 egress bc ingress bc 1 Cisco IOS Release Descripti...

Page 214: ... needs With packet marking you can partition your network into multiple priority levels or classes of service CoS For example you can configure the two rate three color marker to do the following Assign packets to a QoS group which the router then uses to determine how to prioritize packets within the router Set the IP precedence level IP DSCP value or the MPLS experimental value of packets enteri...

Page 215: ... information rate CIR and the peak information rate PIR use the police command in policy map class configuration mode To remove two rate traffic policing from the configuration use the no form of this command By default this command is disabled police cir cir bc burst normal pir pir be peak burst conform action action exceed action action violate action action no police cir cir bc burst normal pir...

Page 216: ...en the be value equals 0 we recommend that you set the egress bc value to be greater than or equal to the ingress bc value plus 1 Otherwise packet loss can occur For example be 0 egress bc ingress bc 1 conform action action Optional Specifies the action to take on packets that conform to the rate limit The default action is transmit You must specify burst excess before you specify the conform acti...

Page 217: ...e class default shaping rate Feature History for Percent Based Policing police percent Command To configure traffic policing on the basis of a percentage of bandwidth available on an interface use the police percent command in policy map class configuration mode To remove traffic policing from the configuration use the no form of the command By default this command is disabled police cir percent p...

Page 218: ...dated Valid values are from 1 to 100 Note When using percent based policing you must explicitly enter the PIR value be excess burst in msec Optional Specifies the excess burst size EBS that the second token bucket uses for policing traffic Specify the EBS value in milliseconds ms Valid values are from 0 to 2000 The default value is zero 0 You must specify normal burst in msec before you specify ex...

Page 219: ...that manages the traffic flow of control plane packets This allows you to protect the control plane of the router against reconnaissance and denial of service DoS attacks In this way the control plane CP can help maintain packet forwarding and protocol states despite an attack or heavy traffic load on the router or switch For more information see the Control Plane Policing Release 12 2 31 SB2 feat...

Page 220: ... network VPN pseudowire Using this feature you can configure the police command to set the Frame Relay discard eligibility DE bit in the packet header This bit indicates the drop priority of the frame During Frame Relay network congestion the router discards frames with the DE bit set to 1 before discarding frames with a DE bit setting of 0 The AToM Set FR DE as Police Action feature polices the t...

Page 221: ...on in single rate and dual rate policing policies and in hierarchical policies Feature History for Set Layer 2 CoS as Policer Action Set Inner CoS as a Policer Action The Set Inner CoS as a Policer Action feature uses the police command to set the inner VLAN class of service CoS bits for QinQ traffic on the PRE2 PRE3 and PRE4 The 3 bit CoS field is part of the VLAN tag and indicates the priority l...

Page 222: ...olice command You can specify these policing actions as conform exceed or violate actions The router supports simultaneous inner and outer CoS marking in single rate and dual rate policing policies and in hierarchical policies Feature History for Set Inner and Outer CoS as a Policer Action Dual Police Actions The router allows you to specify dual actions for conforming exceeding and violating traf...

Page 223: ...etween PE devices and multicast packets are placed in GRE tunnels for transmission across the MPLS core network The Policing Support for GRE Tunnels feature allows the GRE tunnel to reflect the underlying QoS of the multicast packets Once the GRE packets accurately reflect the QoS markings of the underlying multicast packets they may be queued accordingly as they travel across the core nodes For m...

Page 224: ...the excess burst be before overflowing A traffic stream violates the police rate if the second token bucket overflows When this occurs the router marks the traffic stream red The router updates the tokens for both the conforming and exceeding token buckets based on the token arrival rate or the committed information rate CIR When a packet of a given size for example B bytes arrives at specific tim...

Page 225: ...o overflow When this occurs the token bucket algorithm marks the traffic stream green A traffic stream is exceeding when it causes the committed token bucket to overflow into the peak token bucket When this occurs the token bucket algorithm marks the traffic stream yellow The peak token bucket is filled as long as the traffic exceeds the police rate The peak token bucket can hold bytes up to the s...

Page 226: ...n bucket can contain up to the committed burst bc value The router updates the peak token bucket at the PIR value each time a packet arrives at the interface The peak token bucket can contain up to the peak burst be value When an arriving packet conforms to the CIR the router takes the conform action on the packet and decrements both the committed and peak token buckets by the number of bytes of t...

Page 227: ...rst size CBS Thereafter the meter updates the token counts the number of times per second indicated by the committed information rate CIR The following describes how the meter uses the conforming token bucket to send packets If sufficient tokens are in the conforming token bucket when a packet arrives the meter marks the packet green and decrements the conforming token count by the number of bytes...

Page 228: ...is equal to the excess burst size EBS Thereafter the meter updates the token counts the number of times per second indicated by the committed information rate CIR The following describes how the meter uses the exceeding token bucket to send packets When the first token bucket the conforming bucket meets the committed burst size CBS the meter allows the traffic flow to borrow the tokens needed from...

Page 229: ...en though the conformed rate is less than the configured CIR use the show interface command to monitor the current burst determine whether the displayed value is consistently close to the committed burst bc and excess burst be values and if the actual rates the committed rate and exceeded rate are close to the configured committed rate If not the burst values might be too low Try reconfiguring the...

Page 230: ...se each 64 byte packet requires two cells of 53 bytes 1000 2 53 8 1000 848 ATM UBR Layer 2 framing Cell overhead Class Based Shaping No ATM cell overhead No AAL Common Part Convergence Sublayer CPCS pad ATM CBR Layer 2 framing Cell overhead Class Based Shaping No ATM cell overhead No AAL Common Part Convergence Sublayer CPCS pad 1 The router does not account for flags or Frame Check Sequence FCS t...

Page 231: ... Unless the priority class contains a police command the router does not police the priority traffic to its configured rate and the router does not discard excess priority traffic As a result excess priority traffic might cause additional packet delay and other queues on the link might experience bandwidth starvation To prevent the priority queue from starving the other queues use the police comma...

Page 232: ...lt shape rate Otherwise the police percentage is based on the bandwidth of the network interface on which the police command is applied In a hierarchical policy the police percent command uses the maximum rate of bandwidth available as the reference point for calculating the bandwidth percentage Within a nested policy the police percent is based on the policy s topmost class default shape rate Oth...

Page 233: ...only The router supports only the following combinations of dual actions on the AToM L2VPN ingress set clp transmit and set mpls exp imposition transmit set frde transmit and set mpls exp imposition transmit The router does not perform extensive error checking to reject invalid combinations of dual actions If you provide unsupported combinations the results may be unpredictable On the PRE3 and PRE...

Page 234: ...he example the router polices group1 traffic at 8000 bits per second and allows committed bursts of 2000 bytes and excess bursts of 4000 bytes Example 6 3 Configuring a Policing Rate Based on Bits per Second Router config class map group1 Router config cmap match access group 2 Router config cmap exit Router config policy map police Router config pmap class group1 Router config pmap c police 8000 ...

Page 235: ...outer config subif service policy input Premium Configuration Example for Configuring Single Rate Three Color Policing Example 6 5 shows how to configure single rate three color policing that includes actions for conforming exceeding and violating traffic In the example policing is configured for the classes named Bronze and Silver in the policy map named Policy_0 The router polices Bronze traffic...

Page 236: ...t Policy class default class bandwidth is shaped to 512 kbps The policy map named Child Policy is applied to the Parent Policy After the router shapes the bandwidth to 512 kbps as indicated in class default the router then polices Group1 and Group2 traffic configured in the policy map named Child Policy The router polices Group1 traffic at 12000 bits per second and allows committed bursts of 500 b...

Page 237: ...ccess interface VAI for the session The router applies the QoS policy attached to the virtual template to the session Example 6 8 Configuring Policing for PPPoE Sessions Router config policy map Group1 Router config pmap class Gold Router config pmap c police 8000 4000 2000 conform action transmit exceed action drop violate action drop Router config pmap c class Bronze Router config pmap c police ...

Page 238: ...ap named Test The Premium class is a priority class with a queue depth of 32 The router allocates 5 percent of the committed rate to Premium traffic and allows burst sizes of 2 ms for both committed and excess bursts Example 6 9 Configuration Example for Percent Based Policing Router config policy map Test Router config pmap class Premium Router config pmap c priority Router config pmap c queue li...

Page 239: ...ample for Configuring Percent Based Three Color Policing Example 6 11 shows how to configure three color percent based policing In the example policing is configured for the class named Bronze in the policy map named Policy_0 The router allocates 10 percent of the committed rate to Bronze traffic and allows burst sizes of 2 ms The router transmits Bronze traffic that conforms to the committed rate...

Page 240: ... Router config pmap c class Gold Router config pmap c police 8000 2000 4000 conform action transmit exceed action set qos transmit 4 Router config pmap c exit Router config pmap policy map Parent Router config pmap class class default Router config pmap c shape 512000 Router config pmap c service policy Child Router config if interface atm 3 0 0 3 point to point Router config subif no atm pxf queu...

Page 241: ...06 Router config cmap exit Router config policy map Business Router config pmap class Premium Router config pmap c police cir 512000 bc 10000 pir 1000000 be 10000 conform action transmit exceed action set prec transmit 4 violate action drop Router config pmap c exit Router config pmap exit Router config interface atm 3 0 0 Router config if service policy output Business Command Purpose Step 1 Rout...

Page 242: ... policy1 Router config pmap class gold Router config pmap c police 8000 2000 1000 conform action set clp transmit exceed action set cos 3 violate action set cos 3 Command Purpose Step 1 Router config policy map policy map name Specifies the name of the policy map and enters policy map configuration mode policy map name is the name of the policy map Step 2 Router config pmap class class map name As...

Page 243: ...exp transmit 3 Router config pmap c police end Router Command Purpose Step 1 Router config policy map policy map name Specifies the name of the policy map and enters policy map configuration mode policy map name is the name of the policy map Step 2 Router config pmap class class map name Assigns the traffic class you specify to the policy map Enters policy map class configuration mode class map na...

Page 244: ...p transmit 2 violate action set clp transmit violate action set mpls exp transmit 3 The following shows sample output from the show policy map command Router show policy map clp Policy Map clp Class class default police 104000 100 10 conform action set clp transmit conform action set mpls exp transmit 1 exceed action set clp transmit exceed action set mpls exp transmit 2 violate action set clp tra...

Page 245: ...police 100000 100 10 conform action set frde transmit conform action set mpls exp imposition transmit 1 exceed action set frde transmit exceed action set mpls exp imposition transmit 2 violate action set frde transmit violate action set mpls exp imposition transmit 3 The following shows sample output from the show policy map command Router show policy map frde Policy Map frde Class class default p...

Page 246: ... bps with a normal burst of 100 bytes Traffic that conforms to the rate is transmitted traffic that exceeds the rate has the CoS bits set to 3 and traffic that violates the rate has the CoS bits set to 4 policy map police class group2 police 20000 100 0 conform action transmit exceed action set cos transmit 3 violate action set cos transmit 4 The following example shows sample output from the show...

Page 247: ...f conforming exceeding and violating packets and bytes To verify and monitor traffic policing enter any of the following commands in privileged EXEC mode Verification Examples for Traffic Policing This section provides the following verification examples Verifying Policing for a Specific Traffic Class page 6 42 Verifying Policing on a Specific Interface page 6 42 Verifying Dual Police Actions set ...

Page 248: ...ze class is policed at 600 000 bps and the Gold class is policed at 8000 bps Router show policy map interface atm 3 0 0 3 ATM3 0 0 3 VC 5 101 Service policy output Parent Class map class default match any 0 packets 0 bytes 5 minute offered rate 0 bps drop rate 0 bps Match any Output queue 0 64 0 0 packets bytes output 0 0 drops Shape 2000 kbps Service policy Child Class map Bronze match all 0 pack...

Page 249: ...tle or a section of the document highlighted in blue When appropriate paths to applicable sections are listed below the documentation title Feature Related Documentation Control Plane Policing Control Plane Policing feature module Release 12 2 31 SB2 DiffServ Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide Release 12 3 Part 7 Quality of Service Solutions Implementing DiffServ for End to...

Page 250: ...ation Token bucket Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide Release 12 2 Part 4 Policing and Shaping Policing and Shaping Overview What Is a Token Bucket Two rate policer three color marker RFC 2698 A Two Rate Three Color Marker Two Rate Policer Release 12 2 4 T3 feature module Feature Related Documentation ...

Page 251: ...s must be consistently interpreted from end to end All devices in the network path must understand the per hop behavior to apply to a specific class of traffic If one of the routers in the path does not act appropriately the overall service for a particular packet might not be as desired This chapter describes the marking capabilities of the Cisco 10000 series router It includes the following topi...

Page 252: ...ms you can use to mark packets The internal mechanisms affect only the Cisco 10000 series router s behavior internal marks are not passed on to other routers Table 7 1 Traffic Marking Actions Action Description Layer Section Reference atm clp Sets the ATM cell loss priority CLP bit to 1 2 ATM Cell Loss Priority Marking page 7 14 cos Sets the IEEE 802 1Q class of service bits in the user priority f...

Page 253: ... network As congestion occurs in the ATM network cells with the CLP bit set are more likely to be dropped resulting in improved network performance for higher priority traffic and applications Cisco IOS Release Description Required PRE Release 12 0 17 SL The marking feature was introduced on the router PRE1 Release 12 0 22 S This feature was enhanced to support MPLS experimental marking PRE1 Relea...

Page 254: ...t use IP precedence 6 or 7 to mark packets unless you are marking control packets You can configure a QoS policy to include IP precedence marking for packets entering the network Devices within your network can then use the newly marked IP precedence values to determine how to treat the packets For example class based weighted random early detection WRED uses IP precedence values to determine the ...

Page 255: ...D at points downstream in the network Typically you set the precedence value at the edge of the network or administrative domain data then is queued according to the specified precedence WFQ can speed up handling for certain precedence traffic at congestion points WRED can ensure that certain precedence traffic has lower loss rates than other traffic during times of congestion In Cisco IOS Release...

Page 256: ... to classify traffic into any of the 64 possible classes After the router classifies packets you can use the modular QoS CLI to implement IETF defined per hop behaviors PHBs including assured forwarding AF and expedited forwarding EF The router also uses bits in the ToS field to prioritize packets using an IP precedence value Because the IP precedence value is actually part of the DSCP value you c...

Page 257: ...efine the class bits 3 and 4 specify the drop probability bit 5 is always 0 Expedited Forwarding The expedited forwarding EF PHB is used to build a low loss low latency low jitter assured bandwidth end to end service through differentiated services DiffServ domains This PHB appears to the endpoints like a point to point connection or a virtual leased line EF PHB also referred to as a premium servi...

Page 258: ...vendor Cisco implements queuing techniques that can base their PHB on the IP precedence or DSCP value in the IP header of a packet Based on DSCP or IP precedence traffic can be put into a particular service class Packets within a service class are treated the same way Table 7 4 lists only the DSCP values suggested by the DiffServ RFCs Table 7 4 DSCP Values DSCP Value DSCP Name Binary Value Defined...

Page 259: ...ts to the left to make it six bits For example if the value of the EXP bits is 5 binary 101 the router left shifts the bits to make them binary 101000 thus making it look like a 6 bit DSCP field The router drops packets based on the shifted binary value set ip dscp Command To mark a packet by setting the differentiated services code point DSCP value in the type of service ToS byte use the set ip d...

Page 260: ...uired Class of Service Marking Class of service CoS marking enables the Cisco 10000 series router to interoperate with switches to deliver end to end QoS The IEEE 802 1p standard enables the router to Classify inbound Ethernet packets based on the value in the CoS field Set the value in the CoS field of outbound packets For Layer 2 devices you can assign priority indexed IEEE 802 1p CoS values to ...

Page 261: ...h and set CoS values therefore a router can set the CoS value of a packet to enable Layer 2 to Layer 3 mapping The switch can then process the Layer 2 CoS header marking To allow the Cisco 10000 series router to interoperate with Layer 2 devices CoS based QoS on the router allows the 802 1p User Priority bits to be mapped to the IP DSCP bits for packets received on inbound interfaces The DSCP bits...

Page 262: ...iguring the router to match packets based on the CoS value using the match cos command and to set CoS values you can configure Layer 2 to Layer 3 mapping If a packet that needs to be marked to differentiate user defined QoS services is leaving a router and entering a switch the router can set the CoS value of the packet because the switch can process the Layer 2 header Use the set cos command only...

Page 263: ...class configuration mode To remove the group ID use the no form of this command By default this command is disabled no group ID is specified set qos group group id no set qos group group id Syntax Description set qos group Command History Usage Guidelines for the set qos group Command The set qos group command allows you to associate a group ID with a packet The group ID can be used later to class...

Page 264: ... policy map containing the set atm clp command only as an output policy The set atm clp command does not support packets that originate from the router To disable this command remove the service policy from the interface by using the no service policy command The router discards packets with the CLP bit set to 1 before it discards packets with the CLP bit set to 0 MPLS Experimental Marking The Mul...

Page 265: ...PLS network IP QoS is still based on the DSCP or IP precedence value in the IP header QinQ MPLS Experimental Marking For CoS to EXP mapping in QinQ configurations the parallel express forwarding PXF engine looks at the CoS bits in the outer dot1q header to determine how to mark the EXP bits For EXP to CoS mapping in QinQ configurations the PXF marks both the inner and outer CoS bits set mpls exper...

Page 266: ...ing The discard class is a 3 bit field that is used to set the per hop behavior PHB for dropping traffic The discard class indicates the drop portion of the PHB You can set the discard class on the input interface to use as a matching criterion and to affect how packets are dropped on the output interface You can use the discard class with weighted random early detection WRED on the output interfa...

Page 267: ...elay traffic based on the DE bit setting and the marking of the DE bit of outbound Frame Relay traffic During classification the router matches the DE bit of inbound packets to previously configured traffic classes created using a class map and classifies each matching packet as belonging to a specific traffic class DE bit marking can occur either as a class based shaping action or as a class base...

Page 268: ...encapsulation of the packet The outer IP header type of service ToS field of a tunneled packet is typically exposed to a different QoS domain from that of the inner IP header For example for Multicast Virtual Private Network MVPN packets placed in Generic Routing Encapsulation GRE tunnels the router processes the packet s outer ToS field based on the QoS services of a common core MPLS network The ...

Page 269: ...arking for a class Marking has no preset scaling limit In Cisco IOS Release 12 3 7 XI the router accepts the set precedence and set dscp commands without specifying the ip keyword However you must specify the set ip precedence command to set the precedence value in a packet header and the set ip dscp command to set the DSCP value The ip keyword is required Frame Relay DE Bit Marking Restrictions I...

Page 270: ...a policy map with tunnel header marking to inbound interfaces If you attempt to apply a service policy with tunnel header marking to an outbound interface an error message displays You may use the no set ip dscp precedence tunnel value command in conjunction with other input set actions However if you specify tunnel header marking as a policer action using the set dscp tunnel transmit or set prec ...

Page 271: ...are carried end to end mark one of these fields to maximize the benefits of reducing classification overhead by the other QoS tools enabled in the network If LAN switches connected to the router support only Layer 2 QoS for example the switch reacts to marked CoS bits but not to marked IP precedence or DSCP bits mark the CoS bits on the router before sending the frames onto the Ethernet We suggest...

Page 272: ...ice policies see Chapter 2 Classifying Traffic and Chapter 3 Configuring QoS Policy Actions and Rules Configuring IP Precedence Marking To mark the IP precedence field of packets enter the following commands beginning in global configuration mode Command Purpose Step 1 Router config policy map policy map name Specifies the name of the policy map and enters policy map configuration mode policy map ...

Page 273: ...e setting of their IP precedence bits If the bits are set to 3 the router assigns the packets to the ip prec class and polices the traffic as indicated in the Second policy map Example 7 2 Configuring IP Precedence Based Classification Router config class map ip prec Router config cmap match ip precedence 3 Router config cmap exit Router config policy map Second Router config pmap class ip prec Ro...

Page 274: ...ffic class for which you want to define QoS actions Step 3 Router config pmap c set ip dscp dscp value afxy csx ef default Sets the DSCP value in the ToS byte ip specifies that the match is for IPv4 packets only You must specify this keyword dscp dscp value sets the DSCP value Valid values are from 0 to 63 Instead of specifying a numeric dscp value you can specify one of the following reserved key...

Page 275: ...xample the router checks the DSCP bits of outbound packets on the GigabitEthernet interface 1 0 0 If the packet DSCP bits are set to 5 the router assigns the packet to the Voice class and gives the packet priority handling as indicated in the policy map named Platinum All intermediate routers provide low latency treatment to the Voice packets Example 7 4 Configuring IP DSCP Based Classification Ro...

Page 276: ...e is the name of a previously configured class map and is the traffic class for which you want to define QoS actions Step 3 Router config pmap c set cos cos value Sets the Layer 2 class of service CoS value of an outbound packet cos value is a specific IEEE 802 1Q CoS value from 0 to 7 Step 4 Router config pmap c exit Exits policy map class configuration mode Step 5 Router config pmap exit Exits p...

Page 277: ...onfig interface GigabitEthernet 1 0 0 Router config if service policy output Policy1 Example 7 6 shows how to configure CoS based classification on outbound packets In the example the router checks the class of service bits of packets leaving on Gigabit Ethernet interface 4 0 0 If the bits are set to 3 the router assigns the packet to the class named Voice and marks the packet by setting the IP DS...

Page 278: ...me is the name of the policy map Step 2 Router config pmap class class map name Assigns the traffic class you specify to the policy map Enters policy map class configuration mode class map name is the name of a previously configured class map and is the traffic class for which you want to define QoS actions Step 3 Router config pmap c set qos group group id Sets a QoS group identifier ID to use in...

Page 279: ...oSGroup Router config pmap c set dscp 0 Router config pmap c exit Router config pmap exit Router config interface Ethernet 1 0 0 Router config if service policy output Gold Setting the ATM Cell Loss Priority Bit To set the ATM cell loss priority CLP bit to 1 enter the following commands beginning in global configuration mode Command Purpose Step 1 Router config policy map policy map name Specifies...

Page 280: ...ap exit Router config interface atm 1 0 1 Router config if service policy output Premium Step 4 Router config pmap c exit Exits policy map class configuration mode Step 5 Router config pmap exit Exits policy map configuration mode Step 6 Router config interface type number Specifies the interface to which you want to attach the service policy map Enters interface configuration mode type is the typ...

Page 281: ... c set mpls experimental imposition mpls exp value Sets the value of the MPLS experimental EXP field on all imposed label entries mpls exp value specifies the value used to set the MPLS EXP bits Valid values are from 0 to 7 Step 4 Router config pmap c exit Exits policy map class configuration mode Step 5 Router config pmap exit Exits policy map configuration mode Step 6 Router config interface typ...

Page 282: ...tEthernet 1 0 0 Router config if mpls ip Router config if service policy input Silver Example 7 11 shows how to configure MPLS EXP based classification In the example the router checks the MPLS EXP bits of the packets arriving on the Gigabit Ethernet interface 1 0 0 The router assigns the packets whose bits have a setting of 5 to the mpls exp class As indicated in the policy map the router provide...

Page 283: ...t with a discard eligibility value setting the per hop behavior PHB for dropping traffic value is the priority of a type of traffic Valid values are from 0 to 7 Note This command is only available on the PRE2 Step 4 Router config pmap c exit Exits policy map class configuration mode Step 5 Router config pmap exit Exits policy map configuration mode Step 6 Router config interface type number Specif...

Page 284: ...et discard class 4 Router config pmap c exit Router config pmap exit Router config interface Ethernet 1 0 0 Router config if service policy input MyPolicy Example 7 13 shows how to configure discard class based classification In the example the router classifies outbound traffic on Gigabit Ethernet interface 2 0 1 based on the discard class setting of the packets If the discard class value matches...

Page 285: ...ss default shape 64000 Command Purpose Step 1 Router config policy map policy map name Specifies the name of the policy map and enters policy map configuration mode policy map name is the name of the policy map Step 2 Router config pmap class class map name Assigns the traffic class you specify to the policy map Enters policy map class configuration mode class map name is the name of a previously ...

Page 286: ...ame is the name of the policy map Step 2 Router config pmap class class map name Assigns the traffic class you specify to the policy map Enters policy map class configuration mode class map name is the name of a previously configured class map and is the traffic class for which you want to define QoS actions Step 3 Router config pmap c police cir bps bc burst normal pir pir be burst excess conform...

Page 287: ...tatistical information for the input and output policies attached to the interface you specify interface is the name of the interface or subinterface whose policy configuration you want to display Router show policy map interface interface input output Displays the configuration of all classes configured for all inbound or outbound policy maps attached to the specified interface interface is the n...

Page 288: ...ronze packets to 3 The Gold class indicates to set the IP precedence bits of Gold packets to 5 Example 7 15 Verifying Marking in a Hierarchical Policy Router show policy map interface atm 3 0 0 3 ATM3 0 0 3 VC 5 101 Service policy output Parent Class map class default match any 0 packets 0 bytes 5 minute offered rate 0 bps drop rate 0 bps Match any Output queue 0 64 0 0 packets bytes output 0 0 dr...

Page 289: ...Rate 3 Color Marker for Traffic Policing ATM Cell Loss Priority Marking When Does a Router Set the CLP Bit in an ATM Cell Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide Release 12 2 Part 1 Classification Configuring Class Based Packet Marking Classification and Marking Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide Release 12 2 Part 1 Classification Configuring Class Based ...

Page 290: ...er Guide Release 3 0 Quality of Service Concepts MPLS Experimental Values Service Provider Quality of Service Design Guide QoS Group Marking Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide Release 12 2 Part 1 Classification Configuring Class Based Packet Marking QoS Policy Propagation through the Border Gateway Protocol QPPB Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide Rel...

Page 291: ...ncludes the following topics Low Latency Priority Queuing page 8 1 Multi Level Priority Queues page 8 3 Child Service Policy Allowed Under Priority Class page 8 4 Interfaces Supporting Priority Queuing page 8 4 Queues per Policy Map page 8 5 Restrictions and Limitations for Priority Queuing page 8 5 Restrictions for Multi Level Priority Queues page 8 5 Configuring a Priority Queue page 8 6 Configu...

Page 292: ...se bandwidth starvation of other traffic queues To avoid this use the police command to restrict the amount of bandwidth the priority queue can use When you specify the police command the router sets the committed information rate CIR for the priority queue to the bandwidth you specify in the police command The router must drop packets that exceed the committed rate Note The actual throughput of a...

Page 293: ...deo Using class based weighted fair queuing CBWFQ to reduce delay by heavily weighting one queue can affect the granularity of bandwidth allocations to the other queues The MPQ feature addresses these issues and improves latency The priority command is used to specify that a class of traffic has latency requirements with respect to other classes For multiple priority queues you can use the priorit...

Page 294: ...Priority Queuing The following describes interface support for priority queuing using the priority command Interfaces Supporting the priority Command Physical Multilink PPP and Multilink Frame Relay ATM shaped peak cell rate is specified unspecified bit rate UBR PVCs and point to point subinterfaces ATM constant bit rate CBR PVCs and point to point subinterfaces ATM variable bit rate VBR PVCs and ...

Page 295: ... cannot specify the same priority level for two different classes in the same policy map You cannot configure the default queue as a priority queue at any level For example the router rejects the following configuration policy map P1 class class default priority level 1 You cannot configure the bandwidth command and multi level priority queuing on the same class For example the router rejects the ...

Page 296: ... map name is the name of a previously configured class map and is the traffic class for which you want to define QoS actions Step 3 Router config pmap c priority Assigns priority to the class you specified and reserves a priority queue for class based weighted fair queuing CBWFQ traffic For Cisco IOS Release 12 0 25 S and Release 12 3 7 XI and later releases the priority command does not have any ...

Page 297: ...tes or modifies a policy map Enters policy map configuration mode policy name is the name of the policy map Step 2 class class name Specifies a traffic class Enters policy map class configuration mode class name is the name of a previously configured traffic class Step 3 priority level level Assigns priority to a traffic class at the priority level specified level level is the level of priority as...

Page 298: ...tion specifies the action to take on packets that conform to the rate limit Default transmit Optional exceed action action specifies the action to take on packets that exceed the rate limit but not the PIR if two rate policing is configured Default drop Optional violate action action specifies the action to take on packets that continuously exceed the PIR rate limit Default same as the exceed acti...

Page 299: ...1 Priority Queuing Configuration Router config class map Voice Router config cmap match ip precedence 3 Router config policy map Gold Router config pmap class Voice1 Router config pmap c priority Router config pmap c police 8000 Router config pmap class Voice2 Router config pmap c bandwidth 48 Router config interface atm 2 0 0 1 Router config subif pvc 0 101 Router config atm vc ubr 10000 Router c...

Page 300: ...ent 30 Note Although a policer is not required we recommend that you configure policing for priority traffic to prevent bandwidth starvation of low priority traffic When policing is configured the traffic rate is policed to the police rate for each of the priority queues Unacceptable MPQ Configurations Examples You cannot specify both the priority command and the priority level command for two dif...

Page 301: ...terface command In the example the Business class is the priority queue and is policed at 8000 bps with committed bursts of 5000 bytes and extended bursts of 6000 bytes Example 8 3 Verifying Priority Queuing Router show policy map interface atm 3 0 0 532 ATM3 0 0 532 VC 5 32 Service policy output Gold Class map Business match all 0 packets 0 bytes 5 minute offered rate 0 bps drop rate 0 bps Match ...

Page 302: ... any Output queue 0 256 0 0 packets bytes output 0 0 drops Verifying Multi Level Priority Queues Example The following example shows sample output from the show policy map interface command Router show policy map interface Serial2 1 0 Service policy output P1 Queue statistics for all priority classes Class map Gold match all 0 packets 0 bytes Updated for each priority level configured 5 minute off...

Page 303: ...Guide Prioritizing Services Low Latency Priority Queuing Bandwidth Starvation Child Policy Under Priority Class Child Service Policy Allowed Under Priority Class feature module Release 12 2 31 SB2 Congestion management QoS Congestion Management Queuing Introduction Multi Level Priority Queues Multi Level Priority Queues feature module Release 12 2 31 SB2 Priority Queuing Cisco IOS Quality of Servi...

Page 304: ...8 14 Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide OL 7433 09 Chapter 8 Prioritizing Services Related Documentation ...

Page 305: ... 10000 series router supports traffic policing and shaping This chapter describes traffic shaping and includes the following topics Traffic Shaping page 9 2 Differences Between Traffic Shaping Mechanisms page 9 10 Bandwidth and Traffic Shaping page 9 10 Differences Between Shaping and Policing page 9 11 Advantages and Disadvantages of Shaping and Policing for Bandwidth Limiting page 9 11 Modifying...

Page 306: ...buffer or queuing mechanism and then schedules the excess packets for later transmission over increments of time This results in a smooth packet output rate Shaping requires a queue and sufficient memory to buffer delayed packets Since queuing is an outbound function only packets leaving an interface can be queued and shaped When configuring shaping you must ensure that the following exists Suffic...

Page 307: ... flow CBWFQ allows you to use ACLs and protocols or input interface names to define how traffic is classified thereby providing coarser granularity You do not need to maintain traffic classification on a flow basis Moreover you can configure up to 64 discrete classes in a service policy Configure class based weighted fair queueing CBWFQ inside generic traffic shaping CBWFQ allows you to specify th...

Page 308: ...VC packet level shaping and provides per VC and per VP traffic shaping to control or modify the flow of traffic on an interface Traffic shaping limits throughput by buffering excess traffic instead of dropping packets The shaping function also ensures that traffic from one VC does not adversely impact another VC resulting in loss of data The Cisco 10000 series router supports hierarchical shaping ...

Page 309: ...vel including all ATM overheads based on the sustained cell rate SCR VC level shaping ensures that the VC traffic stream averages to be no greater than the SCR but is not compliant with ATM level instantaneous shaping requirements Shaped UBR PVCs Prior to Cisco IOS Release 12 3 7 XI2 you could configure shaped unspecified bit rate UBR PVCs only when the no atm pxf queuing command is configured In ...

Page 310: ...e management system VTMS provides a single stage shaper at the packet level IP plus the appropriate MAC header and the segmentation and reassembly SAR mechanism provides a single stage shaper at the cell level You can configure the SAR to shape and schedule at the VC level or VP level However the SAR cannot shape and schedule at both the VC and VP levels simultaneously for example shaping an indiv...

Page 311: ...s command sets up flow control between the SAR and the VTMS and provides Caller Admission Control CAC based on the configured oversubscription value Valid values for oversubscription are from 0 no oversubscription allowed to 10 You cannot oversubscribe the physical interface by oversubscribing the interface s PVPs For a given interface the sum of the PVPs bandwidth must be less than or equal to th...

Page 312: ...e traffic shaping on the basis of a percentage of bandwidth available on the interface Instead of using a strict fixed rate for shaping percentage based shaping allows you to offer a shaping service that dynamically adjusts to an interface rate based on the shape percent command configured in a policy map History for the Percentage Based Shaping Feature Frame Relay Traffic Shaping Note Frame Relay...

Page 313: ...cally adjusted maximum rate is called the derived rate The derived rate is always between the upper bound and the lower bound rate configured on the interface For more information see the Configuring Frame Relay Traffic Shaping section on page A 5 Feature History for Frame Relay Traffic Shaping Restrictions and Limitations for Frame Relay Traffic Shaping Frame Relay traffic shaping applies only to...

Page 314: ...andwidth is cell based and includes Layer 2 overhead and cell overhead for example it includes the cell overhead for SNAP and AAL5 the cell header the AAL5 trailer and AAL5 padding On Frame Relay networks with link fragmentation and interleaving LFI enabled bandwidth is based on fragments with Layer 2 overhead included For a physical interface the total bandwidth is the bandwidth of the physical i...

Page 315: ... Policing Controls the output rate through packet drops Avoids delays resulting from queuing Disadvantages Shaping Can introduce delay resulting from queuing especially when deep queues are used Policing Drops excess packets when configured throttles TCP window sizes and reduces the overall output rate of affected traffic streams Table 9 3 Comparison of Shaping and Policing for Bandwidth Limiting ...

Page 316: ...d to control access to available bandwidth to ensure that traffic conforms to the policies established for it and to regulate the flow of traffic to avoid congestion that can occur when the transmitted traffic exceeds the access speed of its remote target interface The following describe scenarios in which you can apply traffic shaping to interfaces to regulate traffic Controlling access to bandwi...

Page 317: ...elay permanent virtual circuits PVCs point to point subinterfaces and map classes Ethernet VLANs Requires a specific type of hierarchical policy or a policy map with only the class default class defined The class default class must have the shape command configured Requires a specific type of hierarchical policy For more information see Chapter 13 Defining QoS for Multiple Policy Levels Note The r...

Page 318: ... in msec ms Shapes traffic to the rate you specify or shapes traffic based on the percentage of available bandwidth you specify average is the committed burst Bc that specifies the maximum number of bits sent out in each interval This option is only supported on the PRE3 cir specifies the committed information rate CIR in bits per second bps percent percentage specifies the percentage of available...

Page 319: ...config if atm pvp vpi peak rate cdvt Creates a permanent virtual path PVP used to multiplex or bundle one or more virtual circuits VCs vpi is the ATM network virtual path identifier VPI of the VC Valid values are 0 to 255 The vpi value is unique only on a single link not throughout the ATM network because it has local significance only Note The number specified for the vpi must not already exist I...

Page 320: ...aal5ciscoppp specifies the AAL and encapsulation type for Cisco PPP over ATM aal5snap specifies the AAL and encapsulation type that supports Inverse ARP Logical Link Control Subnetwork Access Protocol LLC SNAP precedes the protocol datagram virtual template number is the number used to identify the virtual template Step 8 Router config atm vc queue depth hwm lwm Optional Defines the queue depth si...

Page 321: ... paths VPs on an interface or for a specific VP Optional vpi is the ATM network virtual path identifier VPI for the permanent virtual path PVP Valid values are from 0 to 255 The VPI is an 8 bit field in the header of the ATM cell Router show atm vc vcd interface interface number Displays all ATM permanent virtual circuits PVCs and traffic information Optional vcd specifies a virtual circuit When y...

Page 322: ... specify a policy map name the command displays the configuration of all policy maps configured on the router Router show policy map policy map name class class name Displays the configuration of the class you specify The policy map you specify includes this class policy map name is the name of the policy map that contains the class configuration you want to display class name is the name of the c...

Page 323: ...TotalInPkts 40103 TotalOutPkts 39779 TotalInFast 0 TotalOutFast 39779 TotalBroadcasts 0 TotalInPktDrops 0 TotalOutPktDrops 0 Example 9 3 shows sample output from the show atm vp command The output displays the configuration of the virtual path VP with an identifier of 10 Example 9 3 show atm vp Command Sample Output Router show atm vp Data CES Peak CES CDVT Interface VPI VCs VCs Kbps Kbps Usecs St...

Page 324: ...Cell payload scrambling is enabled STS stream scrambling is enabled MTU is 4470 PXF queuing is enabled hold queue is 27230 Burst tolerance floor 2 Total subscribed rate is 50000 flowbit change 90 no change 0 Configuration collisions 0 SECTION LOF 0LOS 0RDOOL 0BIP B1 0 LINE AIS 0RDI 0FEBE 0BIP B2 0 PATH AIS 0RDI 0FEBE 0BIP B3 0 LOP 0NEWPTR 0PSE 0NSE 0 LCD 0 Active Defects None Active Alarms None Al...

Page 325: ...s available only on the PRE3 The PRE2 supports the shape cir command Configuration Examples for Hierarchical Shaping Example 9 7 shows how to configure hierarchical shaping In this example the total VC bandwidth the sum of SCR is above the tunnel rate The PVP is configured with a PCR of 1000 kbps and is oversubscribed by the total rate of the VCs 2 VCs at 256 kbps and 2 VCs at 512 kbps The queue d...

Page 326: ...guring class Based Shaping Class maps Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide Release 12 2 Part 8 Modular Quality of Service Command Line Interface Configuring the Modular Quality of Service Command Line Interface Modular QoS CLI Configuration Task List Creating a Traffic Class Percentage Based Traffic Shaping QoS Percentage Based Shaping Release 12 2 31 SB2 feature module Polic...

Page 327: ...ng in a Hierarchical Policy page 10 7 Configuration Examples for Overhead Accounting page 10 10 Verifying Overhead Accounting page 10 12 Verification Examples for Overhead Accounting page 10 13 Related Documentation page 10 15 Overhead Accounting Features Overhead accounting enables the router to account for packet overhead when shaping traffic to a specific rate This accounting ensures that the r...

Page 328: ...this encapsulation in the calculation The encapsulation used between the DSLAM and the CPE is based on the Subnetwork Access Protocol SNAP and multiplexer MUX formats of ATM Adaptation Layer 5 AAL5 and AAL3 These encapsulation types can be routed bridge encapsulation RBE PPP over Ethernet PPPoE or PPP over ATM PPPoA and IP Because the DSLAM treats IP and PPPoE packets as payload the router does no...

Page 329: ...llowing URL http www cisco com en US docs routers 10000 10008 configuration guides broadband mlp html The MLP on LNS with HQoS and ATM Overhead Accounting feature is described in the following sections HQoS page 10 3 Overhead Accounting page 10 3 Restrictions and Limitations for Overhead Accounting page 10 7 Enabling ATM Overhead Accounting on the PRE3 and PRE4 for MLPoLNS page 10 11 HQoS The HQoS...

Page 330: ...However because the DSLAM removes the BRAS DSLAM encapsulation the BRAS does not account for 802 1Q or qinq encapsulation AAL5 segmentation processing adds the additional overhead of the 5 byte cell headers the AAL5 Common Part Convergence Sublayer CPCS padding and the AAL5 trailer For more information see the Overhead Calculation on the Router section on page 10 5 If the parent policy has overhea...

Page 331: ...iber Line Encapsulation Types The subscriber encap option of the shape and bandwidth commands specifies the encapsulation type at the subscriber line The router supports the following subscriber line encapsulation types snap 1483routed mux 1483routed snap dot1q rbe mux dot1q rbe snap pppoa mux pppoa snap rbe mux rbe Overhead Calculation on the Router When calculating overhead for traffic shaping t...

Page 332: ...sabled or enabled on a child policy AAL5 MUX plus PPPoA 10 8 byte AAL5 trailer 2 byte protocol ID 0x0021 AAL5 SNAP plus 1483 18 8 byte AAL5 trailer 3 byte LLC header 0xAAAA03 3 byte OUI 0x0080c2 2 byte protocol ID 0x0007 2 byte PAD 0x0000 AAL5 SNAP plus PPPoA 12 8 byte AAL5 trailer 3 byte LLC header 0xFEFE03 1 byte protocol ID 0xCF PPPoE 6 1 byte version type 0x11 1 byte code 0x00 2 byte session I...

Page 333: ... queuing features do consider overhead This feature supports only Ethernet and ATM interfaces Ethernet overhead accounting allows the automatic inclusion of downstream Ethernet frame headers in the shaped rate However policing is not supported for Ethernet overhead accounting For the MLPoLNS feature overhead accounting is supported only on HQoS For MLPoLNS HQoS with overhead accounting is supporte...

Page 334: ...s are from 1 to 99 account enables ATM overhead accounting qinq specifies queue in queue encapsulation as the BRAS DSLAM encapsulation type dot1q specifies IEEE 802 1Q VLAN encapsulation as the BRAS DSLAM encapsulation type aal5 specifies the ATM Adaptation Layer 5 that supports connection oriented variable bit rate VBR services subscriber encap specifies the encapsulation type at the subscriber l...

Page 335: ... as the BRAS DSLAM encapsulation type aal5 specifies the ATM Adaptation Layer 5 that supports connection oriented variable bit rate VBR services subscriber encap specifies the encapsulation type at the subscriber line For more information see the Overhead Accounting and Hierarchical Policies section on page 10 6 user defined indicates that the router is to use the offset value you specify when cal...

Page 336: ...are not required to enable ATM overhead accounting on a child traffic class that does not contain the bandwidth or shape command Therefore in this example the Business priority queue implicitly has ATM overhead accounting enabled because its parent class default class has overhead accounting enabled policy map Child class Business priority police 128000 class Nonbusiness bandwidth percent 20 accou...

Page 337: ...g policy map Parent Router config pmap class class default Router config pmap c shape 256000 account dot1q snap rbe dot1q Router config pmap c service policy Child Enabling ATM Overhead Accounting on the PRE3 and PRE4 for MLPoLNS Example 10 2 shows how to enable ATM overhead accounting using the hierarchical service policy where there is a parent with a child policy In the example the child policy...

Page 338: ...er config pmap class class default Router config pmap c shape average 200000 account user defined 18 Router config interface GigabitEthernet1 0 0 100 Router config subif service policy output ethernet_ovrh Router show running config begin 1 0 0 100 interface GigabitEthernet1 0 0 100 encapsulation dot1Q 101 pppoe enable group group_pta service policy output ethernet_ovrh Verifying Overhead Accounti...

Page 339: ...verhead accounting disabled queue limit 64 packets queue depth total drops no buffer drops 0 0 0 packets output bytes output 100 1000 The following sample output from the show policy map command indicates that ATM overhead accounting is enabled for the class default class for shaping The BRAS DSLAM encapsulation is dot1q and the subscriber line encapsulation is snap rbe based on the AAL3 service P...

Page 340: ...nit test class class default shape average 10 account dot1q aal5 snap rbe Note The shape average rate command is available only on the PRE3 and PRE4 The PRE2 supports the shape rate command Verifying Ethernet Overhead Accounting with User Defined Option The following sample output for the policy map named ethernet_ovrh indicates that Ethernet overhead accounting is enabled for shaping and the user...

Page 341: ... of Service Command Line Interface Configuring the Modular Quality of Service Command Line Interface Modular QoS CLI Configuration Task List Creating a Traffic Class Percentage based traffic shaping QoS Percentage Based Shaping Release 12 2 31 SB2 feature module Policing Comparing Traffic Shaping and Traffic Policing for Bandwidth Limiting Policy maps Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configu...

Page 342: ...10 16 Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide OL 7433 09 Chapter 10 Overhead Accounting Related Documentation ...

Page 343: ...etection page 11 9 Controlling Congestion Using Weighted Random Early Detection page 11 11 Interfaces Supporting Layer 3 Packet Drop Policies page 11 21 Restrictions and Limitations for Controlling Layer 3 Congestion page 11 22 Configuring Layer 3 Queue Limit and Drop Policies page 11 24 Verifying and Monitoring Layer 3 Packet Dropping page 11 32 Controlling Packet Flow on Layer 2 Queues page 11 3...

Page 344: ...ts waiting for transmission When a queue reaches its queue limit and becomes full by default the router drops packets until the queue is no longer full Table 11 2 describes the queuing limits for the various processor cards Table 11 1 Queue Scaling Limits Queue Criteria PRE3 Release 12 2 31 SB2 or later PRE2 Release 12 3 7 XI or later PRE2 Release 12 2 16 BX or later PRE1 Total Number of Queues Pe...

Page 345: ...lease 12 2 16 BX the router does not round the value to the nearest power of 2 Class queues without WRED The router has buffers for up to 50 milliseconds of 256 byte packets PRE2 or 250 byte packets PRE3 at line rate but not less than 32 packets PRE2 or 16 packets PRE3 Priority queues without WRED The router has buffers for up to 25 milliseconds of 80 byte packets at line rate but not less than 32...

Page 346: ...ure RED with an unused IP precedence or DSCP level and define a maximum threshold that is larger than the default size the router calculated By doing this you force the router to increase the queue size to accommodate the larger threshold With 131 070 queues configured the average queue limit across all of the configured queues is less than or equal to 32 packets per queue Total number of packet b...

Page 347: ...IOS Release 12 2 15 BX and Release 12 2 16 BX using the PRE2 number of packets is a number from 32 to 16384 The number does not need to be a power of 2 For Cisco IOS Release 12 3 7 XI and later releases using the PRE2 if the interface speed is less than 500 MB number of packets is a number from 8 to 4096 the number must be a power of 2 If the interface speed is greater than 500 MB number of packet...

Page 348: ... or two QIDs as indicated in Table 11 3 Note The PRE2 has buddy queues only for the OC 48 line card All other interfaces have 1 queue The PRE1 requires a buddy queue for the full height Gigabit Ethernet line card Reserved QIDs On the PRE2 if no more QIDs are left all of them are used and you attempt to modify the queue limit in a policy map that is attached to one or more interfaces the operation ...

Page 349: ...class based queue defined on the physical interface Queuing Outbound Traffic on Frame Relay Interfaces The Cisco 10000 series router supports two queuing modes for Frame Relay interfaces interface based queuing and PVC based queuing In interface based queuing all PVCs share the same set of queues In PVC based queuing each PVC has its own set of queues for its outbound traffic Interface based queui...

Page 350: ...ts until the queue has room for more packets the queue is no longer full Feature History for Tail Drop Tail Drop and Random Early Detection The Cisco 10000 series router allows you to combine tail drop with another congestion control mechanism called random early detection RED RED does not replace tail drop but rather complements it by dropping packets before the queue reaches its queue limit or m...

Page 351: ...y managed dropped and 7 represents high priority traffic Traffic at a low precedence level typically has a higher drop probability When RED drops packets source hosts using TCP detect the drops and slow the transmission of packets DSCP based RED Configures a drop policy for RED based on a differentiated services code point DSCP value When configured the router randomly drops packets with the speci...

Page 352: ...time Determining Packet Drop Probability RED uses three configurable parameters to determine the drop probability of packets minimum threshold maximum threshold and mark probability denominator The following describes how RED determines packet drop probability RED begins dropping packets when the average queue size is equal to the value of the minimum threshold RED continues dropping packets when ...

Page 353: ...an configure a drop policy for WRED that is based on one of the following Each queue on the router can have only one type of WRED drop policy IP precedence based WRED Configures a drop policy for WRED based on an IP precedence level Valid values are from 0 to 7 where 0 typically represents low priority traffic that can be aggressively managed dropped and 7 represents high priority traffic Traffic ...

Page 354: ...lease Description Required PRE Release 12 0 17 SL The weighted random early detection feature was introduced on the router PRE1 Release 12 0 22 S This feature was enhanced to allow you to configure WRED based on a differentiated services code point DSCP PRE1 Release 12 0 25 SX This feature was enhanced to allow you to simultaneously configure the random detect command and the queue limit for the s...

Page 355: ...er the precedence value of a packet the closer to 7 the greater the probability that WRED ignores the packet and allows the router to forward the packet to its destination WRED allows the transmission line to be used fully at all times especially when most of the traffic is TCP IP traffic For TCP IP traffic the action of WRED dropping packets indicates congestion and causes a source host to reduce...

Page 356: ...and the WRED Aggregate Drop Profiles section on page 11 17 WRED Drop Profiles A WRED drop profile specifies DSCP IP precedence discard class or ATM CLP values which WRED uses to determine the drop probability of packets Table 11 5 lists the commands used to configure a packet drop policy The behavior of these commands depends on the PRE installed in the router as the following describes On the PRE...

Page 357: ...b class val8 minimum thresh min thresh value maximum thresh max thresh value mark prob mark prob value A number that indicates the drop eligibility of a packet based on the differentiated services code point Value numbers are from 0 to 63 random detect ip precedence precedence value min thresh value max thresh value mark probability denominator value PRE3 and PRE4 random detect precedence values s...

Page 358: ...re not user configurable therefore the actual number of default profiles for user configured queues is 12 with one class default class per policy map Table 11 6 summarizes the WRED profiles supported by various PREs random detect atm clp clp value min thresh value max thresh value mark probability denominator value PRE3 and PRE4 random detect atm clp clp value min thresh value max thresh value mar...

Page 359: ...k prob value Note If you enter the random detect command without the aggregate profile the PRE3 and PRE4 accept the command but the default action is to tail drop For example random detect precedence based dscp based The PRE3 and PRE4 also supports drop profiles based on discard class and cell loss priority CLP but do not use the aggregate form of the command Instead the PRE3 and PRE4 support the ...

Page 360: ...nominator Usage Guidelines for the random detect Command General If you do not specify any arguments WRED uses the default IP precedence value to calculate the drop probability When specifying class policy within a policy map you can use the random detect command with the bandwidth command To modify the queue length always use the queue limit command instead of the max threshold parameter of the r...

Page 361: ...op probability profile by using the random detect cos command With the cos based keyword WRED uses the cos bit value to calculate the drop probability Minimum and Maximum Thresholds The random detect command allows you to specify the minimum and maximum threshold settings for a class queue Minimum threshold The minimum number of packets allowed in the queue When the average queue length reaches th...

Page 362: ...ss in a policy map the router must be running Cisco IOS Release 12 3 7 XI or later releases In releases prior to Cisco IOS Release 12 3 7 XI you can configure either the random detect command or the queue limit command but not both commands at the same time If you do not specify a queue limit the router uses the default queue limit of two times the largest maximum threshold rounded to the nearest ...

Page 363: ...ant is too low the average queue size might fluctuate with changes in the traffic levels As a result WRED responds quickly to long queues overreacts to temporary traffic bursts and drops traffic unnecessarily After the queue falls below the minimum threshold WRED stops dropping packets Interfaces Supporting Layer 3 Packet Drop Policies The following describes interface support for tail drop random...

Page 364: ...ommand with the random detect command The router restricts the aggregate sum of queue limits to 1 048 576 PRE1 or 4 194 304 PRE2 packets If you attempt to change the queue size when packets are in the queue the router does not change the queue size However changing the queue size several times can cause the buffers to become fragmented or the buffers can still be in use When you attempt to change ...

Page 365: ...use with IP packets only You must configure the bandwidth command before you configure the random detect dscp based random detect prec based or random detect discard class based command to enable WRED For DSCP based WRED you can configure One default drop profile for each class Three assured forwarding AF drop profiles for each class Four non AF drop profiles for each policy map PRE1 or four non A...

Page 366: ...Controlling Packet Dropping by Setting the Size of a Class Queue To control when the router drops packets for example using tail drop configure the maximum number of packets a class queue can hold by entering the following commands beginning in global configuration mode Command Purpose Step 1 Router config policy map policy map name Specifies the name of the policy map and enters policy map config...

Page 367: ...er uses tail drop to drop packets when that limit is reached Class2 specifies only the bandwidth allocation request The Policy1 QoS service policy is applied to the point to point PVC 1 32 for outbound packets Example 11 1 Configuring a Queue Limit to Control Tail Drop Router config policy map Policy1 Router config pmap class Class1 Router config pmap c bandwidth 3000 Step 4 Router queue limit num...

Page 368: ...cates how the router is to classify packets See the Defining Match Criteria Using the match Commands section on page 2 5 Step 3 Router config cmap exit Exits class map configuration mode Step 4 Router config policy map policy map name Creates or modifies a policy map that can be attached to one or more interfaces to specify a service policy Enters policy map configuration mode policy map name is t...

Page 369: ... sub class val1 sub class val8 minimum thresh min thresh maximum thresh max thresh mark prob mark prob Configures WRED to drop packets based on the DSCP value you specify dscp value or sub class val is a number or keyword that indicates the differentiated services code point Value numbers are from 0 to 63 or it can be one of the following keywords ef af11 af12 af13 af21 af22 af23 af31 af32 af33 af...

Page 370: ...lculating the packet drop probability Optional min thresh is the minimum number of packets allowed in the queue Valid minimum threshold values are from 1 to 16 384 Optional max thresh is the maximum number of packets allowed in the queue Valid maximum threshold values are from the value of the minimum threshold to 16 384 Optional mark prob is the drop rate Valid values are from 1 to 65 535 The def...

Page 371: ...pmap c random detect precedence 3 500 1500 200 Router config pmap c exit Router config pmap exit Router config interface atm 1 0 0 Router config if atm pxf queuing Router config if interface atm 1 0 0 1 point to point Router config subif pvc 1 32 Router config subif atm vc ubr 10000 Router config subif atm vc service policy output policy1 Dropping Packets Based on the Discard Class To drop packets...

Page 372: ...emium Router config pmap class Silver Router config pmap c bandwidth percent 30 Router config pmap c random detect discard class based Router config pmap c random detect discard class 5 500 1500 200 Router config pmap c exit Router config pmap exit Router config interface atm 2 0 0 Router config if atm pxf queuing Router config if interface atm 2 0 0 2 point to point Router config subif pvc 1 81 R...

Page 373: ...Router config policy map policy map name Specifies the name of the policy map to be created or modified Enters policy map configuration mode policy map name is the name of the policy map Step 2 Router config pmap class class map name Assigns the traffic class you specify to the policy map Enters policy map class configuration mode class map name is the name of a previously configured class map and...

Page 374: ...lects the following statistical information Current average queue length Per precedence random and maximum threshold packets and bytes dropped To verify and monitor packet dropping use any of the following commands in privileged EXEC mode Command Purpose Router show interface type slot module port subinterface Displays configuration information about the interface you specify including the current...

Page 375: ...the following fields wq_len indicates the current depth of the output queue for the interface wq_limit_drop indicates the number of packets dropped because the output queue was full packet xmit indicates the number of packets that have been output byte xmit indicates the number of bytes that have been output Router show pxf cpu queue interface summary Displays queue scaling information such as Num...

Page 376: ...any 1069 126970 packets 3982597 bytes 5 minute rate 0 bps Shape 6000 kbps Service policy Traffic 5 PR 1052 Class map Voice 5 PR match all 1053 1 82310 packets 4938600 bytes 5 minute offered rate 0 bps drop rate 0 bps Match ip precedence 5 1054 Output queue 0 32 82310 4938600 packets bytes output 0 drops Absolute priority Queue limit 32 packets Police 304000 bps 1536 limit 0 extended limit conforme...

Page 377: ...ample DSCP based weighted random early detection is configured on the nyusers class queue The output shows the exponential weight of 9 used to calculate the average queue size In this case WRED has not dropped any packets based on DSCP 8 and DSCP 0 default Example 11 7 Displaying DSCP Based WRED Statistics Router show policy map interface GigabitEthernet 3 0 0 GigabitEthernet3 0 0 Service policy o...

Page 378: ...ap per_dscp_policy Class per_dscp_class priority random detect dscp based random detect dscp 1 10 20 50 random detect dscp 2 10 40 20 random detect dscp 3 100 400 20 random detect dscp 5 22 60 30 Verification Example for IP Precedence Based WRED Example 11 10 shows sample output for the show policy map interface command when IP precedence based WRED is configured on the new users class queue For e...

Page 379: ...e the number of packets dropped using RED and the number of packets dropped using tail drop Example 11 11 Displaying Discard Class Based WRED Statistics Router show policy map interface GigabitEthernet 1 0 0 GigabitEthernet1 0 0 Service policy output bronze Class map vlan1 match all 0 packets 0 bytes 5 minute offered rate 0 bps drop rate 0 bps Match access group 101 Output queue 0 128 0 0 packets ...

Page 380: ...dwidth 20 00000 kbps Exp weight constant 9 1 512 Mean queue depth 0 bytes clp Transmitted Random drop Tail drop Minimum Maximum Mark pkts bytes pkts bytes pkts bytes thresh thresh prob 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 25 1 10 Example 11 7 shows sample output for the show policy map command when ATM CLP based WRED is configured on a Cisco 10000 series router with a PRE2 The output shows the t...

Page 381: ...o the VC weight If the low watermark is less than the VC weight a full weight worth of cells might not be enqueued in the SAR mechanism when the scheduler round robin gets to the VC As a result the VC might not get its fair share Set the high watermark equal to the low watermark plus 2 For more information about the high and low watermarks see the High Watermark and Low Watermark Default Values se...

Page 382: ...n Management Configuring Weighted Fair Queuing Class Based Weighted Fair Queuing Configuration Task List Configuring Class Policy in the Policy Map Configuring Class Policy Using WRED Packet Drop Part 3 Congestion Avoidance Congestion Avoidance Overview About Random Early Detection Part 3 Congestion Avoidance Configuring Weighted Random Early Detection DiffServ Compliant WRED DiffServ Compliant We...

Page 383: ...ion Task List Priority Queuing PQ CBWFQ on ATM PVCs Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide Release 12 2 Part 2 Congestion Management Congestion Management Overview Priority Queuing Part 2 Congestion Management Configuring Priority Queuing Part 2 Congestion Management Congestion Management Overview Weighted Fair Queuing Class Based Weighted Fair Queuing Part 2 Congestion Managem...

Page 384: ...11 42 Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide OL 7433 09 Chapter 11 Managing Packet Queue Congestion Related Documentation ...

Page 385: ...g Class Based Weighted Fair Queuing page 12 7 Configuring Fair Bandwidth Sharing During Congestion page 12 7 Configuration Examples for Sharing Bandwidth Fairly page 12 18 Verifying and Monitoring Class Based Weighted Fair Queuing page 12 20 Related Documentation page 12 20 Class Based Weighted Fair Queuing Class Based Weighted Fair Queuing CBWFQ is an automated scheduling method that provides fai...

Page 386: ...ackets WRED prevents packets from enqueuing to the Layer 3 queue Note If you use WRED packet drop instead of tail drop for one or more traffic classes in a policy map the interface to which you attach that policy map cannot have WRED configured If you configure the class default class using the bandwidth command the router places all unclassified traffic into a single FIFO queue and allocates band...

Page 387: ... not configure the default class then by default the traffic that does not match any of the configured classes in a policy map is FIFO classified and given best effort treatment CBWFQ and Bandwidth Allocation CBWFQ allows you to specify the exact amount of bandwidth to allocate for a specific class of traffic Distributing bandwidth on a link using the bandwidth command ensures that bandwidth is sh...

Page 388: ...n on page 12 5 Using CBWFQ you can Configure user defined traffic classes Use access control lists ACLs protocols or input interface names to define how to classify traffic Specify the exact amount of bandwidth to be allocated for a specific class of traffic To use CBWFQ you define traffic classes based on match criteria Packets satisfying the match criteria for a class constitute the traffic for ...

Page 389: ...iguration template to dynamically create and configure a virtual access interface VAI The VAI uses the attributes of the template to create the session which results in a VAI that is uniquely configured for a specific user For CBWFQ when you apply a service policy to a VC the VAIs that use that VC inherit the service policy of the VC Any VAI that uses that VC is subject to the queuing policing and...

Page 390: ...VAI using a virtual template The router supports queuing only when you apply the QoS policy to a VC You can apply a QoS policy without queuing related actions to either a VC or a VAI but not to both at the same time You cannot use RADIUS to configure a QoS policy on the VC If you configure a QoS policy on a VC the show policy interface vai command does not display information to indicate that the ...

Page 391: ...c type of hierarchical policy For more information see Chapter 13 Defining QoS for Multiple Policy Levels Note The router only supports CBWFQ on outbound interfaces Interfaces Not Supporting CBWFQ ATM unshaped no peak cell rate specified UBR PVCs and point to point subinterfaces IP tunnel Virtual access See the VAI QoS Inheritance section on page 4 24 Note The router does not support the CBWFQ on ...

Page 392: ...e Creates or modifies a class map Enters class map configuration mode class map name is the name of the class map Step 2 Router config cmap match access group access group number name access group name or Router config cmap match input interface interface name or Router config cmap match mpls experimental number Specifies the name of the access control list ACL against whose contents packets are c...

Page 393: ...es a policy map Enters policy map configuration mode policy map name is the name of the policy map Step 2 Router config pmap class class default Specifies the default class so that you can configure or modify its policy Enters policy map class configuration mode Step 3 Router config pmap c bandwidth bandwidth kbps percent percentage remaining percent percentage Specifies the amount of bandwidth in...

Page 394: ...nominator Configures the exponential weight factor used in calculating the average queue length exponent is a number from 1 to 16 used in the average queue size calculation Configures WRED parameters for packets with a specific IP precedence Repeat this command for each precedence precedence is the IP precedence number Valid values are from 0 to 7 min threshold is the minimum average queue length ...

Page 395: ...able bandwidth to be assigned to the class The amount of bandwidth configured should be large enough to also accommodate Layer 2 overhead bandwidth kbps specifies or modifies the minimum bandwidth allocated for a class belonging to a policy map Valid values are from 8 to 2 488 320 which represents from 1 to 99 percent of the link bandwidth Note The range of valid values for bandwidth kbps might be...

Page 396: ... Packets Using Tail Drop Router config policy map policy1 Router config pmap class class1 Router config pmap c bandwidth 3000 Router config pmap c queue limit 32 Router config pmap c class class2 Router config pmap c bandwidth 2000 Router config pmap c exit Router config pmap exit Router config interface atm 1 0 0 Router config if atm pxf queuing Router config if interface atm 1 0 0 1 point to poi...

Page 397: ...nk bandwidth Note The range of valid values for bandwidth kbps might be smaller than the values indicated above Use the question mark in context sensitive help to display the range of valid values percent percentage specifies or modifies the minimum percentage of the link bandwidth allocated for a class belonging to a policy map Valid values are from 1 to 99 remaining percent percentage specifies ...

Page 398: ... service policy output policy1 Step 5 Router config pmap c random detect exponential weighting constant exponent or Router config pmap c random detect precedence precedence min threshold max threshold mark prob denominator Configures the exponential weight factor used in calculating the average queue length exponent is a number from 1 to 16 used in the average queue size calculation Configures WRE...

Page 399: ...le 12 4 attaches the policy map named policy1 to the Ethernet 1 0 0 and serial 1 0 1 interfaces for outbound packets Each interface can have only one policy attached for inbound packets and one policy attached for outbound packets Example 12 4 Attaching a Service Policy to an Interface Router config interface ethernet1 0 0 Router config if service policy output policy1 Router config if interface s...

Page 400: ...policy map name is the name of the policy map Step 2 Router config pmap class class map name Specifies the name of the class whose bandwidth you want to modify Enters policy map class configuration mode class map name is the name of the class map Step 3 Router config pmap c bandwidth bandwidth kbps percent percentage remaining percent percentage Specifies the changed amount of bandwidth in kbps or...

Page 401: ...ass map name Creates or modifies a traffic class in a policy map Enters policy map class configuration mode class map name is the name of the class whose queue limit you want to modify This is the name of a previously configured class map Step 3 Router config pmap c queue limit number of packets Specifies the maximum number of packets that the queue can accumulate for this class number of packets ...

Page 402: ...d voip and a policy map named policy1 which defines the class characteristics for the voip video and class default classes The service policy is attached to the Ethernet 1 0 1 interface in the outbound direction Example 12 5 Configuring CBWFQ and Attaching a Policy to an Ethernet Interface Router config class map match any voip Router config cmap match ip precedence 5 Router config cmap class map ...

Page 403: ...aal5mux ppp virtual template 1 Router config subif atm pvc service policy output policy1 Router config subif interface virtual template 1 Router config if ip unnumbered loopback1 Router config if peer default ip address pool pool1 Router config if ppp authentication chap Configuration Example for Configuring CBWFQ and Attaching a Policy to an RBE Subinterface Example 12 7 shows how to configure CB...

Page 404: ... class map name Displays the configuration of the class you specify The policy map you specify includes this class policy map name is the name of the policy map that contains the traffic class for which you want to display the configuration class map name is the name of the class map that defines the traffic class Router show policy map interface interface Displays the configuration of all classes...

Page 405: ...f Service Command Line Interface Configuring the Modular Quality of Service Command Line Interface Modular QoS CLI Configuration Task List Creating a Traffic Class Policy maps Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide Release 12 2 Part 8 Modular Quality of Service Command Line Interface Configuring the Modular Quality of Service Command Line Interface Modular QoS CLI Configuration...

Page 406: ...12 22 Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide OL 7433 09 Chapter 12 Sharing Bandwidth Fairly During Congestion Related Documentation ...

Page 407: ...thin the hierarchical QoS framework you can enable the router to prioritize and manage packets at three policy levels physical logical and class levels thereby providing a high degree of granularity in traffic management Congestion control mechanisms such as weighted random early detection WRED and tail drop regulate network traffic and control congestion This chapter describes the various types o...

Page 408: ...e level hierarchical policy you use the service policy command to apply a Bottom level child policy to a middle level child policy Middle level child policy to a top level parent policy Top level parent policy to an interface subinterface VC or VLAN Note For more information see the Child Policy section on page 13 4 the Parent Policy section on page 13 4 and the service policy Command section on p...

Page 409: ... of a VC while allowing policing and marking of classes within the VC Components Common to All Types of Hierarchical Policies All types of hierarchical policies use the following components to provide multiple levels of QoS behavior Child Policy page 13 4 Parent Policy page 13 4 service policy Command page 13 5 Cisco IOS Release Description Required PRE Release 12 0 22 S The hierarchical policies ...

Page 410: ...r the bandwidth reference point The router executes the child policy and then the parent policy However if the child policy contains policing with a specified drop policy the router polices and drops the appropriate traffic at the child level but does not execute the parent policy on the dropped packets The router executes the child policy and then the parent policy As the packets pass through the...

Page 411: ...y command is used to attach Child policies to child policies Child policies to parent policies Parent policies to interfaces subinterfaces and virtual circuits When attaching child policies to child or parent policies do not specify the output or input keyword when you enter the service policy command For example enter the following command Router config if service policy policy map name When atta...

Page 412: ... traffic only A hierarchical input policing policy can define two levels of policing one in the parent policy and one in the child policy The top level parent policy is typically used to police an interface subinterface ATM VC Frame Relay DLCI or 802 1Q VLAN and is applied to all traffic Nested Hierarchical Policies A nested hierarchical policy is a queuing model that defines a minimum bandwidth f...

Page 413: ... interface as long as the sum of the nested policy shape rates is 64 kbps less than the total bandwidth of the interface In Cisco IOS Release 12 0 25 SX and Release 12 3 7 XI and later releases the router allows oversubscription For more information see Chapter 15 Oversubscribing Physical and Virtual Links The router reserves the shape rate you specify in the parent policy for the child traffic cl...

Page 414: ...ine a minimum bandwidth for each type of traffic on a virtual circuit and a maximum bandwidth for the virtual circuit s total traffic A three level policy specifies the following three levels of hierarchy Child policy bottom level Specifies marking and metering actions for one or more classes of traffic using the set and police commands You cannot apply a child policy to a traffic class that conta...

Page 415: ...ple the union of the set of packets of a bottom level class and that of its parent class must be equal to the set of packets that match the parent class Note If a policy does not adhere to the above restriction the router might incorrectly classify the traffic affected by the policy Example 13 1 shows a configuration that violates the requirement that the bottom level class map match only those pa...

Page 416: ...affic Policing section on page 6 8 Parent policy top level Defines a policing rate for all inbound traffic on the interface subinterface VC or VLAN on which the service policy is applied During hierarchical input policing the bottom level policer acts on all of the traffic arriving at the interface subinterface VC or VLAN on which the hierarchical policer is applied As the traffic passes through t...

Page 417: ...kets for one class arrive but does not have enough tokens left for the other class Based on the arrival pattern of the packets this pattern could continue indefinitely Hierarchical Policies and Oversubscription For releases prior to Cisco IOS Release 12 0 25 SX and Release 12 3 7 XI the router does not allow oversubscription of interfaces If you oversubscribe hierarchical policies instead of reduc...

Page 418: ...rting Hierarchical Policies Outbound Only Physical ATM constant bit rate CBR PVCs and point to point subinterfaces ATM variable bit rate VBR PVCs and point to point subinterfaces ATM shaped peak cell rate is specified unspecified bit rate UBR PVCs and point to point subinterfaces Label controlled ATM LC ATM subinterfaces Frame Relay PVCs point to point subinterfaces and map classes Ethernet VLANs ...

Page 419: ...ng configuration tasks Creating Fair Queues at Two Levels of Hierarchy page 13 13 Creating Fair Queues at Three Levels of Hierarchy page 13 15 Policing Inbound Traffic at Two Levels of Hierarchy page 13 19 Policing Inbound Traffic at Two Levels of Hierarchy page 13 19 Creating Fair Queues at Two Levels of Hierarchy To create fair queues at two levels of hierarchy enter the following commands begin...

Page 420: ...cated for a class belonging to a policy map Valid values are from 8 to 2 488 320 which represents from 1 to 99 percent of the link bandwidth percent percentage specifies or modifies the minimum percentage of the link bandwidth allocated for a class belonging to a policy map Valid values are from 1 to 99 remaining percent percentage specifies or modifies the minimum percentage of unused link bandwi...

Page 421: ...olicy policy map name is the name of the policy map The name can be a maximum of 40 alphanumeric characters Step 2 Router config pmap class class map name Assigns the traffic class you specify to the policy map Enters policy map class configuration mode class map name is the name of a previously configured class map and is the traffic class for which you want to define QoS actions Step 3 Router co...

Page 422: ...olicy of a Three Level Hierarchy To configure a middle level child policy enter the following commands beginning in global configuration mode Note For information about additional actions you can specify in child policies see the Types of QoS Actions section on page 3 4 discard class Marks a packet with the discard class value that you specify indicating the drop eligibility of a packet dscp Marks...

Page 423: ...ransmission capacity Marks any traffic that exceeds 10 percent with IP precedence 4 and then transmits the packet During congestion discards default packets with IP precedence level 1 before discarding other packets Step 3 Router config pmap c priority Optional Assigns strict priority to the traffic class Note For Cisco IOS Release 12 0 25 S and Release 12 3 7 XI and later releases the priority co...

Page 424: ...l Hierarchy To configure a top level parent policy enter the following commands beginning in global configuration mode Note In a top level parent policy define only the class default class and specify the shape command and then the service policy command in the class configuration Do not specify any other commands Command Purpose Step 1 Router config pmap policy map policy map name Creates or modi...

Page 425: ...p exit Router config Policing Inbound Traffic at Two Levels of Hierarchy To police the traffic the router accepts on an inbound interface with a service policy applied enter the following commands beginning in global configuration mode Note Use the following commands to configure both the child and parent policies Configure the bottom level child policy first and then the top level parent policy F...

Page 426: ...ts that conform to the CIR and PIR The default action is transmit exceed action action is the action to take on packets that conform to the PIR but not the CIR The default action is drop Optional violate action action is the action to take on packets that exceed the PIR The default action is the same as the exceed action action is the action to take on packets See Table 6 1 on page 6 3 for a descr...

Page 427: ...nce 3 Router config cmap exit Router config policy map Business Router config pmap class Gold Router config pmap c police 20000 200 pir 40000 300 conform action set qos transmit 80 exceed action set qos transmit 35 violate action drop Router config pmap c exit Router config pmap policy map All_Traffic Router config pmap class class default Router config pmap c police 6400 200 pir 12800 400 conform...

Page 428: ...pmap c police percent 20 400 800 conform action transmit exceed action drop Router config pmap c class Bronze Users Router config pmap c bandwidth 256 Router config pmap c random detect dscp based Router config pmap c random detect dscp 8 24 40 Router config pmap c queue limit 128 Router config pmap c exit Router config pmap policy map Parent Policy Defines top level parent policy Router config pm...

Page 429: ... In the Middle Level policy map the bottom level BusinessMeter policy is applied to the Business class and the bottom level DefaultMeter policy is applied to the Non Business class The Middle Level policy is applied to the class default class in the parent policy map named Top Level which shapes the traffic to 8000 kbps The hierarchical policy is attached to PVC 1 32 on the point to point ATM subi...

Page 430: ...e Non Essential traffic The Default Meter indicates to police traffic at 10 percent of the available bandwidth mark exceeding traffic with DSCP 20 and during congestion discard Non Essential traffic marked with DSCP 20 the traffic that exceeds the policing rate before it discards Non Essential traffic at or below the policing rate A top level parent policy named Region1 that contains the class def...

Page 431: ...o classify packets A bottom level child policy map named Policy2 that defines a two rate three color policer for the Click traffic class A top level parent policy named Parentbps1 that contains the class default class which defines a two rate three color policer for default traffic The bottom level child policy named Policy2 is applied to the Parentbps1 class default class The top level parent pol...

Page 432: ...d have 10 times more bandwidth available to it for non priority traffic than PVC 98 204 would have For information on bandwidth remaining ratios see Distribution of Remaining Bandwidth Using Ratio section on page 5 14 or the Distribution of Remaining Bandwidth Using Ratio Release 12 2 31 SB2 feature module Configuring Bandwidth Remaining Ratios on Class Queues Example In the following sample confi...

Page 433: ...t1q 10 service policy output vlan10_policy interface GigabitEthernet 1 0 0 20 encapsulation dot1q 20 service policy output vlan20_policy For information on bandwidth remaining ratios see Distribution of Remaining Bandwidth Using Ratio section on page 5 14 or the Distribution of Remaining Bandwidth Using Ratio Release 12 2 31 SB2 feature module Verifying the Configuration of Hierarchical Policies T...

Page 434: ...uter show policy map policy map name Displays the configuration of all classes contained in the policy map you specify policy map name is the name of the policy map for the configuration information you want to display If you do not specify a policy map name the command displays the configuration of all policy maps configured on the router Router show policy map policy map name class class name Di...

Page 435: ...ult police 128000 2000 pir 256000 4000 conform action transmit exceed action transmit violate action drop service policy policy2 Router show policy map interface atm 5 0 0 1 ATM5 0 0 1 Service policy input Parentbps1 Class map class default match any 16080 packets 2251200 bytes 5 minute offered rate 0 bps drop rate 0 bps Match any 0 packets 0 bytes 5 minute rate 0 bps Output queue 0 64 0 0 packets...

Page 436: ...title or a section of the document highlighted in blue When appropriate paths to applicable sections are listed below the documentation title Feature Related Documentation Class maps Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide Release 12 2 Part 8 Modular Quality of Service Command Line Interface Configuring the Modular Quality of Service Command Line Interface Modular QoS CLI Config...

Page 437: ... of Service Command Line Interface Modular QoS CLI Configuration Task List Creating a Traffic Policy Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Command Reference Release 12 2 policy map qos preclassify policy map command Three level scheduler Three Level Scheduler Using MQC Hierarchical Queuing Framework Release 12 2 31 SB2 feature module Two rate three color policer Two Rate Policer Release 12 2 4 T3...

Page 438: ...13 32 Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide OL 7433 09 Chapter 13 Defining QoS for Multiple Policy Levels Related Documentation ...

Page 439: ...in the Layer 2 network This enables the BRAS to avoid congestion in downstream links within the network The BRAS prioritizes the traffic based on the subscriber s contracted bandwidth and subscribed services Using simultaneous policy maps you can apply QoS at the session level and at the Ethernet subinterface or PVC level for a single ATM PVC with two or more PPPoE sessions At the session level yo...

Page 440: ...cy Maps QoS Actions Table 14 1 lists the types of QoS actions allowed in simultaneous policy maps Simultaneous Policies and Displaying Statistical Information To display information about simultaneous policies and their associated statistical information the output from the show commands display information at both the interface level and the session level At the session level a unique session own...

Page 441: ...e level policy that the packet matches match discard class match qos group Valid as an output criteria on either session level or interface level policies Set as an input action and used in output classification Therefore the input action does not affect the output classification If both input policies attempt to set the discard class or qos group the value set by the session level policy takes pr...

Page 442: ...takes precedence over the interface policy bandwidth shape priority random detect queue limit queuing actions Valid in the interface level output policy only No interaction with any other policy levels police Indirect effect from one level to the next level If a packet is dropped by the session level policy the BRAS does not count the packet in the token bucket calculations of the interface level ...

Page 443: ...aneous policy maps perform the following configuration tasks for Ethernet or ATM configurations Configuring the Two Policy Maps page 14 5 Attaching Simultaneous Policies to PPPoE Sessions Traversing an Ethernet Interface page 14 6 Attaching Simultaneous Policies to PPPoA Sessions Traversing an ATM VC page 14 8 Attaching Simultaneous Policies to PPPoE Sessions Traversing an ATM VC page 14 11 Config...

Page 444: ...SB Note For session level policies specify the police or set commands You can only specify non queuing actions for this policy Step 4 Router config pmap c bandwidth bandwidth kbps percent percentage remaining percent percentage Optional Specifies the minimum bandwidth allocated for a traffic class For information about the bandwidth command options see the Cisco IOS Command Reference Guide for Cis...

Page 445: ...ber used to identify the virtual template interface Step 5 Router config if ip unnumbered type number Enables IP processing on an interface without assigning an explicit IP address to the interface type is an interface on which the router has assigned an IP address for example loopback The interface cannot be an unnumbered interface number is an interface or subinterface number for example 1 Step ...

Page 446: ...Purpose Step 1 Router config interface type number point to point multipoint Creates or modifies a subinterface Enters subinterface configuration mode type is the interface type for example GigabitEthernet number is the slot module port subinterface number of the interface for example 4 0 1 10 point to point indicates that the subinterface connects directly to one endpoint multipoint indicates tha...

Page 447: ...de Step 3 Router config subif atm vc encapsulation aal5mux ppp virtual template number Configures the ATM adaptation layer AAL and encapsulation type for the PVC range ppp configures the interface for PPP routing number is a number that identifies the virtual template Step 4 Router config subif atm vc exit Exits ATM VC configuration mode Step 5 Router config subif exit Exits subinterface configura...

Page 448: ...I value the VPI value defaults to 0 Valid values are from 0 to 255 Optional end vpi is the end value for a range of virtual path identifiers VPIs In the absence of an end VPI value the end VPI value defaults to the start VPI value Valid values are from 0 to 255 start vci is the beginning value for a range of virtual channel identifiers VCIs Valid values are from 32 to 65535 You must specify the sl...

Page 449: ...point indicates that the subinterface connects to multiple endpoints Step 2 Router config subif range pvc start vpi end vpi start vci end vci Defines a range of ATM permanent virtual circuits PVCs Optional start vpi is the beginning value for a range of virtual path identifiers VPIs In the absence of the and a VPI value the VPI value defaults to 0 Valid values are from 0 to 255 Optional end vpi is...

Page 450: ...1 ip unnumbered Loopback1 service policy output pppoe_int_output_policy Attaching a Policy to an ATM VC with PPPoE Sessions To attach a policy map to an ATM VC with PPPoE sessions enter the following commands beginning in global configuration mode Step 7 Router config interface virtual template number Creates a virtual template interface that can be configured and applied dynamically in creating v...

Page 451: ...pvc start vpi end vpi start vci end vci Defines a range of ATM permanent virtual circuits PVCs Optional start vpi is the beginning value for a range of virtual path identifiers VPIs In the absence of the and a VPI value the VPI value defaults to 0 Valid values are from 0 to 255 Optional end vpi is the end value for a range of virtual path identifiers VPIs In the absence of an end VPI value the end...

Page 452: ...ltaneous Policies on ATM VCs and PPPoE Sessions page 14 18 Configuration Example for Applying Simultaneous Policy Maps on Ethernet Interfaces and PPPoE Sessions The following configuration example shows how to create and apply simultaneous policy maps on Ethernet interfaces and PPP sessions The Client Configuration shows that no policies have been applied In the PTA Configuration the interface pol...

Page 453: ...ideo match ip precedence 4 The policy map named cbwfq_out_policy is the interface policy that is inherited by all sessions policy map cbwfq_out_policy class voip police 24000 9216 0 conform action transmit exceed action drop violate action drop priority class video bandwidth 20 class class default policy map in_pmap class all_pkts police 64000 9216 0 conform action transmit exceed action drop viol...

Page 454: ...1 4 254 ConfigurationExampleforApplyingSimultaneousPolicieson802 1QInterfaces and PPPoE Sessions The following configuration example shows how to attach simultaneous policy maps to an 802 1Q interface and PPP sessions The policy map named pppoe_int_output_policy is attached to subinterface GigabitEthernet 3 0 0 10 The policy maps named pppoe_sess_output_policy and pppoe_sess_input_policy are attac...

Page 455: ...3 0 0 10 encapsulation dot1Q 10 second dot1q 19 pppoe enable service policy output pppoe_int_output_policy service policy input pppoe_int_input_policy Configuration Example for Applying Simultaneous Policies on ATM VCs and PPPoA Sessions The following configuration example shows how to attach simultaneous policy maps to ATM PVCs and PPPoA sessions The policy map named pppoa_int_output_policy is at...

Page 456: ...t_policy VC interface ATM2 0 0 81801 multipoint range pvc 81 801 81 810 vbr nrt 2000 2000 1 encapsulation aal5snap service policy output pppoa_int_output_policy service policy input pppoa_int_input_policy protocol pppoe Verifying Simultaneous Policy Maps When displaying statistical information for simultaneous policy maps the BRAS displays information for both the session level and interface level...

Page 457: ...he show policy map interface command and the show policy map session sid command Router show policy map session sid sid Displays statistical and configuration information about the policy map applied to the session you specify Note To view the statistics for simultaneous policy maps you must issue both the show policy map interface command and the show policy map session sid command Router show px...

Page 458: ...ng the subinterface Router show pxf statistics qos policy map interface gigabitethernet 6 0 0 2 Simultaneous Policymap Info for GigabitEthernet6 0 0 2 Input Policy owned by GigabitEthernet6 0 0 2 VCCI 2524 parent1 Class Pkts Bytes Pkts Pkts Pkts Matched Matched Conformed Exceeded Violated prec5 1000 66000 0 0 0 class default 0 0 0 0 0 Input Policy owned by Virtual Access3 4 VCCI 3241 prec only Cla...

Page 459: ... 0 0 0 0 0 prec2 0 0 0 0 0 class default 0 0 0 0 0 Input Policy inherited from GigabitEthernet6 0 0 2 VCCI 2524 parent1 Class Pkts Bytes Pkts Pkts Pkts Matched Matched Conformed Exceeded Violated prec5 1000 66000 0 0 0 class default 0 0 0 0 0 Displaying Simultaneous Policy Map Information for Virtual Access Interfaces The following example shows sample output from the show pxf statistics qos polic...

Page 460: ...terface 6 0 0 2 Router show pxf statistics qos policy map interface gigabitethernet 6 0 0 2 Simultaneous Policymap Info for GigabitEthernet6 0 0 2 Input Policy owned by GigabitEthernet6 0 0 2 VCCI 2524 parent1 Class Pkts Bytes Pkts Pkts Pkts Matched Matched Conformed Exceeded Violated prec5 332 21912 332 0 0 class default 668 44088 668 0 0 Input Policy owned by LAC Session traversing GigabitEthern...

Page 461: ...affic pattern of any other VC on that network On the other hand when the total assigned bandwidth exceeds the physical capacity the router allocates each VC bandwidth reservation as long as a limited number of VCs activate at one time The former offers unconditional service at the expense of underutilization of the physical capacity the latter takes advantage of statistical multiplexing to provide...

Page 462: ... network s refusal to accept new packets during congestion Congestion at the physical layer causes the scheduler to retry packet transmissions until accepted by the network which further reduces the scheduler s productivity Prolonged congestion also interferes with the scheduler s operations to serve each traffic class according to its bandwidth commitment With oversubscription network congestion ...

Page 463: ... the PRE3 the router gives each VC a share of the bandwidth based on the configured weight of the VC In releases prior to Cisco IOS Release Cisco IOS Release 12 2 16 BX a call admission check CAC prevented you from assigning more bandwidth to virtual circuits VCs than a port s total bandwidth The Cisco 10000 series router supported unconditional reservation of network bandwidth to VCs When the sum...

Page 464: ...subject to a call admission check CAC Therefore by default the router allows unlimited oversubscription of UBR VCs For releases prior to Cisco IOS Release 12 3 7 XI1 if you use unshaped no PCR specified UBR VCs the router allocates bandwidth to the variable bit rate VBR and constant bit rate CBR VCs and to the VP tunnels before allocating the remaining bandwidth to the unshaped UBR VCs For example...

Page 465: ...des VP tunnels and VCs hierarchical traffic shaping configuration the VCs might not assign traffic correctly or the VCs might not come up at all Be sure to limit the number of configured VBR CBR and shaped UBR VCs on an ATM card to less than 22 204 VCs if you place the VCs in VP tunnels For the OC 12 ATM line card the router supports 16 384 VCs in VP tunnels atm over subscription factor Command To...

Page 466: ...ommand to enable or disable oversubscription for a particular interface or tunnel When enabling ATM oversubscription for a particular interface or tunnel specify the atm over subscription factor command Do not use the atm oversubscribe command to enable oversubscription as this can cause undesirable results Instead leave it to the default value For example the following configuration enables the o...

Page 467: ...ctual distribution might be 45 40 and 15 percent The distribution of bandwidth for each VC might be less than expected based on the speed of the VC Typically low speed VCs are allocated the expected bandwidth while high speed VCs share the remaining bandwidth equally The amount of bandwidth allocated for the priority queue or latency might be less than expected Frame Relay PVC Oversubscription The...

Page 468: ...ire only e mail access and the ability to transfer small files using File Transfer Protocol FTP All of the remote sites are unlikely to try to use all of the available bandwidth at the same time All of the remote sites are unlikely to simultaneously access the network Figure 15 1 Oversubscribed Frame Relay Network Feature History for Frame Relay PVC Oversubscription Cisco IOS Release Description R...

Page 469: ...tion Network congestion is a concern especially when oversubscribing connections In some circumstances the aggregate bandwidth might exceed capacity however the implementation of oversubscription guarantees minimum quality of service and fair treatment of all users When packet drop is required Ethernet s congestion avoidance and congestion management mechanisms as well as the oversubscription logi...

Page 470: ...s the link bandwidth Example 15 1 Oversubscribing a Link Using Nested Policies Router config class map match all class1 Router config cmap match access group1 Router config cmap exit Router config class map match all class2 Router config cmap match access group2 Router config cmap exit Router config policy map dlci 103 child policy Router config pmap class class1 Router config pmap c priority Rout...

Page 471: ...ubscribing Frame Relay PVCs To oversubscribe Frame Relay PVCs perform one of the following configuration tasks Oversubscribing Frame Relay PVCs Using Hierarchical Policies page 15 12 Oversubscribing Frame Relay PVCs Using a Map Class page 15 15 Command Purpose Step 1 Router config interface type slot subslot port subinterface Specifies the interface or subinterface on which you want to enable VC o...

Page 472: ...ifies a child policy map Enters policy map configuration mode policy map name is the name of the policy map The name can be a maximum of 40 alphanumeric characters Step 2 Router config pmap class class map name Assigns the traffic class you specify to the policy map Enters policy map class configuration mode class map name is the name of a previously configured class map and is the traffic class f...

Page 473: ... size EBS that the second token bucket uses for policing traffic Specify the excess burst in msec value in milliseconds ms Valid values are from 1 to 2000 The default value is zero 0 You must specify normal burst in msec before you specify excess burst in msec Note Burst in milliseconds is based on the policing committed information rate CIR conform action action is the action to take on packets t...

Page 474: ...ce Specifies the interface or subinterface on which you want to enable PVC oversubscription Enters interface or subinterface configuration mode Step 13 Router config if ip address address Sets an address for an interface address is the IP address Step 14 Router config if service policy input output policy map name Applies the policy map you specify to the interface This is the parent policy map th...

Page 475: ...config policy map shape rate parent policy Router config pmap class class default Router config pmap c shape 1024 Router config pmap c service policy dlci50 child policy Router config pmap c exit Router config pmap exit Router config interface serial 5 0 0 1 point to point Router config subif ip address 10 1 0 2 255 255 255 252 Router config subif frame relay interface dlci 50 Router config if dlc...

Page 476: ... s own encapsulation which is a 4 byte header with 2 bytes to identify the data link connection identifier DLCI and 2 bytes to identify the packet type Optional ietf sets the encapsulation method to comply with the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF standard RFC 1490 Use this keyword when connecting to another vendor s equipment across a Frame Relay network Step 11 Router config subif frame rela...

Page 477: ...xit Router config interface serial 1 0 0 1 0 Router config if encapsulation frame relay Router config if frame relay interface dlci 100 Router config if dlci frame relay class Bronze Router config if dlci frame relay interface dlci 101 Router config if dlci frame relay class Bronze Oversubscribing 802 1Q VLANs To enable oversubscription of 802 1Q VLANs enter the following commands beginning in glo...

Page 478: ...s are from 1 to 2000 The default value is zero 0 You must specify normal burst in msec before you specify excess burst in msec Note Burst in milliseconds is based on the policing committed information rate CIR conform action action is the action to take on packets that conform to the rate limit The default action is transmit You must specify burst excess before you specify the conform action excee...

Page 479: ... Exits policy map configuration mode Step 12 Router config interface type slot subslot port subinterface Specifies the interface or subinterface on which you want to enable PVC oversubscription Enters interface or subinterface configuration mode Step 13 Router config if ip address address Sets an address for an interface address is the IP address of the interface Step 14 Router config subif encaps...

Page 480: ...cy map Business shape parent policy Router config pmap class class default Router config pmap c shape 512000000 Router config pmap c service policy Business child policy Router config pmap c exit Router config pmap exit Router config interface GigabitEthernet 5 0 0 10 point to point Router config subif ip address 172 16 0 2 255 255 255 252 Router config subif encapsulation dot1q 4 Router config su...

Page 481: ...alculation occurs in the following ways If all of the competing VCs have the same traffic class the router calculates bandwidth by dividing the line rate by the number of VCs If the competing VCs have differing SCR values the router either allocates the same bandwidth to each VC or it allocates more bandwidth to VCs with a higher SCR depending on the load at a certain point in time Because of this...

Page 482: ...watermarks are a function of a number of variables such as the following Number of queues on a VC Priority queue latency requirements Bandwidth of the VC Accuracy of VC bandwidth utilization Per queue bandwidth accuracy Because so many variables influence watermark threshold values you might need to experiment with different values to determine the optimum high and low watermark values for your co...

Page 483: ...t is not practical to configure weights on some ATM VCs and not on others either all of the VCs have VC weights configured or none of them do A default weight of 1 is given to non ATM subinterfaces with no weight assigned to them Tunnel Speed VC Speed Weight Formula 5 MB or less Greater than 1937 kbps Weight 255 All other VC speeds Weight 0 1316 VC speed The router limits the weight to a maximum o...

Page 484: ...cuit VC bandwidth when the virtual path VP is congested use the weight command in PVC PVC range or ATM VC class configuration mode This command defines the weight of a VC or changes the default weight To restore the default weight use the no form of the command weight weight_value no weight weight_value Syntax Description hwm The high watermark lwm The low watermark Cisco IOS Release Description R...

Page 485: ...ult high and low watermark values for ATM unspecified bit rate UBR VCs based on the ATM VC rate The behavior of the high watermark threshold and the low watermark threshold depends on whether the atm pxf queuing mode or the no atm pxf queuing mode is configured In atm pxf queuing mode the high watermark is a threshold that triggers a flow off signal and the low watermark is a threshold that trigge...

Page 486: ... ATM SAR mechanism before packet drops occur The low watermark does not apply in no atm pxf queuing mode Note While the high watermark threshold and low watermark threshold are defined by the numbers of cells the crossing of the high watermark is evaluated on a packet boundary This means that only whole packets are placed in the PVC queue for the ATM SAR mechanism When you want to better control p...

Page 487: ...ollowing ATM VP parameters such as peak cell rate PCR and cell delay variation tolerance CDVT VC parameters such as weight PCR sustained cell rate SCR maximum burst size MBS and CDVT If VC members of a VP do not have a configured weight and you dynamically modify the VP rate the router dynamically adjusts the weight of the member VCs based on the associated tunnel s new rate The member VCs remain ...

Page 488: ...re a weight of 10 for ATM PVC 1 32 on the ATM point to point subinterface 1 0 0 1 Example 15 6 Configuring ATM VC Weighting Router config interface atm 1 0 0 1 point to point Router config subif pvc 1 32 Router config if atm vc weight 10 Command Purpose Step 1 Router config interface atm slot subslot port subinterface point to point Selects an ATM interface or subinterface Enters interface or subi...

Page 489: ...me Defines a VC class name is the name of the VC class Step 2 Router config atm vcc weight weight value Specifies the weight value weight_value is the number of cells that a VC can send to the VP tunnel before the SAR mechanism moves on to the next VC A high value has a higher VC priority in the VP scheduler Valid values are from 1 to 255 and 1 to 1000 PRE3 Note We recommend that you do not config...

Page 490: ...e weight 255 Command Purpose Step 1 Router config interface atm slot subslot port subinterface Selects an ATM subinterface Enters subinterface configuration mode Step 2 Router config subif range pvc start_vpi vci end_vpi vci Specifies an ATM PVC range start_vpi vci specifies the first virtual path identifier virtual channel identifier pair in the PVC range end_vpi vci specifies the last virtual pa...

Page 491: ...hat you specify Enters policy map class configuration mode class map name is the name of a previously created class map Step 3 Router config pmap c bandwidth bandwidth kbps Specifies the bandwidth in kbps to be allocated to this traffic class bandwidth kbps is the bandwidth in kilobits per second kbps Note Repeat Steps 4 and 5 to configure additional traffic classes Step 4 Router config pmap c exi...

Page 492: ...ased on the subinterface speed Step 9 Router config pmap c shape average peak cir bc be Optional Shapes the average or peak rate to the rate you specify average specifies average rate shaping peak specifies peak rate shaping cir specifies the committed information rate CIR in bits per second bps Optional bc specifies the committed burst size in bits Optional be specifies the excess burst size in b...

Page 493: ...face type slot module port subinterface point to point multipoint Creates or modifies the interface you specify Enters subinterface configuration mode type is the interface type for example Gigabit Ethernet slot module port subinterface is the number of the subinterface that identifies the subinterface for example 1 0 0 1 Optional point to point indicates that the subinterface is a point to point ...

Page 494: ...rity traffic on subinterface 1 0 0 1 relative to the other subinterface level and class level queues on the interface policy map Child class precedence_0 bandwidth 10000 class precedence_1 shape average 100000 bandwidth 100 policy map Parent class class default bandwidth remaining ratio 10 shape average 100000000 service policy Child interface GigabitEthernet1 0 0 1 encapsulation dot1Q 100 ip addr...

Page 495: ...interface types at the class level when using the default bandwidth remaining ratio On the Cisco 10000 series router the default bandwidth remaining ratio value is 1 Note Repeat Steps 5 and 6 for each class queue you want to define Step 5 Router config pmap c exit Exits policy map class configuration mode Step 6 Router config pmap exit Exits policy map configuration mode Step 7 Router config polic...

Page 496: ...y Note The service policy command typically requires that you specify the direction of the traffic using the input or output keywords However when applying a child policy to a parent policy do not specify traffic direction Step 12 Router config pmap c exit Exits policy map class configuration mode Step 13 Router config pmap exit Exits policy map configuration mode Step 14 Router config interface t...

Page 497: ...ss queues receive bandwidth according to the class level bandwidth remaining ratios In the example the bandwidth for classes precedence_0 precedence_1 and precedence_2 is allocated based on the bandwidth remaining ratios of the classes 20 40 and 60 respectively policy map child policy class precedence_0 shape average 500000 bandwidth remaining ratio 20 Class level ratio class precedence_1 shape av...

Page 498: ...and VP page 15 39 Configuration Example for Configuring the Weight of a VC page 15 39 Configuration Example for Configuring the Weight of Multiple VCs page 15 40 Configuration Example for Configuring VC Weight Using a Bandwidth Remaining Ratio page 15 40 Configuration Example for Setting High and Low Watermark Thresholds page 15 41 Command Purpose Step 1 Router config interface atm slot subslot po...

Page 499: ...m passive The following VPI value of 68 ensures that these VCs will be associated with PVP 68 Router config subif range pvc 68 101 68 451 The following command sets up VTMS scheduling on PXF Packets are sent down a 512 kbps VC to the SAR mechanism Remember this is SHAPING not policing the VC Note that the modular CLI shape command is not used Router config if atm range vbr nrt 512 38 150 Router co...

Page 500: ...er config subif pvc 1 33 Router config if atm vc vbr nrt 1024 512 Router config if atm vc weight 20 Router config if atm vc exit Router config subif interface atm 1 0 0 3 point to point Router config subif pvc 1 34 Router config if atm vc vbr nrt 1024 512 Router config if atm vc weight 30 Router config if atm vc exit Router config subif interface atm 1 0 0 10 point to point Router config subif ran...

Page 501: ...outer config subif pvc 1 32 Router config if atm vc queue depth 20 16 Verifying Oversubscription and VC Weighting To verify a virtual circuit oversubscription or weighting configuration enter any of the following commands in privileged EXEC mode Command Purpose Router show atm class links vpi vci name Displays virtual circuit VC parameter configurations and where the parameter values are inherited...

Page 502: ...rifying Default High and Low Watermarks on an Interface Router show atm interface atm1 0 0 Interface ATM1 0 0 AAL enabled AAL5 Maximum VCs 8191 Current VCCs 2 Max Datagram Size 4482 PLIM Type SONET 155000Kbps TX clocking LINE Cell payload scrambling ON sts stream scrambling ON 238276 input 98 output 0 IN fast 0 OUT fast Avail bw 155000 Config is ACTIVE Default Queue Depth settings Rate Range High ...

Page 503: ...Bytes 33287714 InPRoc 238299 OutPRoc 98 Broadcasts 0 InFast 0 OutFast 0 InPktDrops 0 OutPktDrops 0 Out CLP 1 Pkts 0 OAM cells received 0 F5 InEndloop 0 F5 InSegloop 0 F5 InAIS 0 F5 InRDI 0 F4 InEndloop 0 F4 InSegloop 0 F4 InAIS 0 F4 InRDI 0 OAM cells sent 0 F5 OutEndloop 0 F5 OutSegloop 0 F5 OutRDI 0 F4 OutEndloop 0 F4 OutSegloop 0 F4 OutRDI 0 OAM cell drops 0 Status UP PPPOE enabled Current numbe...

Page 504: ...nt title or a section of the document highlighted in blue When appropriate paths to applicable sections are listed below the documentation title Feature Documentation Hierarchical policies Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide Defining QoS for Multiple Policy Levels Line card and VC configuration Cisco 10000 Series Router Line Card Configuration Guide PVC autoprovisionin...

Page 505: ...erleaving page 16 1 Multilink PPP Based Link Fragmentation and Interleaving page 16 11 FRF 12 Fragmentation page 16 37 Configuration Examples for Link Fragmentation and Interleaving page 16 59 Verifying and Monitoring Link Fragmentation and Interleaving page 16 65 Related Documentation page 16 69 Link Fragmentation and Interleaving Link fragmentation and interleaving LFI is a method that allows lo...

Page 506: ...d nonreal time packets such as data transfers on the same link while reducing real time packet latency MLP defines the mechanisms to fragment reassemble and sequence large datagrams across multiple logical data links MLP over serial based LFI supports up to 10 member links per MLP bundle one of which is LFI enabled You can terminate the serial links on multiple line cards in the router chassis if ...

Page 507: ...ller fragments and shorter real time packets to be interleaved between the fragments In this way real time and nonreal time packets can be carried together on low speed links without causing excessive delay to the real time traffic The real time packets remain intact and are less likely to experience long queuing delays Feature History for Link Fragmentation and Interleaving Cisco IOS Release Desc...

Page 508: ...ink Fragmentation and Interleaving Feature Maximum No of Members Per Bundle Maximum No of Bundles Per System Maximum No of Member Links Per System Multilink Interface Range LFI Supported MLP over Serial based LFI 10 1250 2500 1 to 9999 Release12 2 28 SB and later 1 to 9999 and 65 536 to 2 147 483 647 Release 12 2 31 SB2 and later Yes Interleaving on 1 member link Single VC MLP over ATM based LFI 1...

Page 509: ...red interface multilink multilink bundle number no interface multilink multilink bundle number Syntax Description interface multilink Command History Usage Guidelines for the interface multilink Command The following describes the range of valid values for multilink interfaces MLP over Serial based LFI 1 to 9999 Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB and later releases 1 to 9999 and 65 536 to 2 147 483 647 ...

Page 510: ...To disable MLP use the no form of the command By default the command is disabled ppp multilink no ppp multilink ppp multilink Command History Usage Guidelines for the ppp multilink Command The ppp multilink command applies only to interfaces that use Point to Point Protocol PPP encapsulation When you use the ppp multilink command the first channel negotiates the appropriate Network Control Protoco...

Page 511: ...aximum time can ensure that a real time packet gets interleaved within the fragments of a large packet By default MLP has no fragment size constraint but the maximum number of fragments is constrained by the number of links If interleaving is enabled or if the bundle contains links that have differing bandwidths or if a fragment delay is explicitly configured with the ppp multilink fragment delay ...

Page 512: ...he bandwidths of the links ppp multilink fragmentation Command To enable packet fragmentation use the ppp multilink fragmentation command in interface configuration mode To disable fragmentation use the no form of the command By default fragmentation is enabled ppp multilink fragmentation no ppp multilink fragmentation ppp multilink fragmentation Command History Cisco IOS Release Description Relea...

Page 513: ...mmand has no effect if these commands are configured for a multilink interface and the following message displays Warning ppp multilink fragment disable or ppp multilink fragment maximum will be ignored since multilink interleaving or fragment delay has been configured and have higher precedence To completely disable fragmentation you must do the following Router config if no ppp multilink fragmen...

Page 514: ...alid values are MLP over Serial based LFI 1 to 9999 Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB and later releases 1 to 9999 and 65 536 to 2 147 483 647 Cisco IOS Release 12 2 31 SB2 and later releases Single VC MLP over ATM based LFI 10 000 and higher Multi VC MLP over ATM based LFI 1 to 9999 Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB and later releases 1 to 9999 and 65 536 to 2 147 483 647 Cisco IOS Release 12 2 31 SB2 and ...

Page 515: ...ink fragmentation and interleaving LFI based on the Cisco implementation of Multilink PPP MLP which supports the fragmentation and packet sequencing specifications in RFC 1990 LFI allows reserve queues to be set up so that Real Time Transport Protocol RTP streams can be mapped into a higher priority queue As shown in Figure 16 2 without fragmentation and interleaving nonreal time data packets can ...

Page 516: ...exist because per packet header overhead is too large and large maximum transmission units MTUs are needed to produce acceptable bulk transmission efficiency A large MTU of 1500 bytes takes 215 ms to traverse a 56 kbps line which exceeds the delay target Therefore to limit the delay of real time packets on relatively slow bandwidth links links such as 56 kbps Frame Relay or 64 kbps ISDN B channels...

Page 517: ...I To enhance performance and scalability for MLP over serial based LFI configure the hold queue command in interface configuration mode for all physical interfaces except when configuring the ATM OC 12 line card The OC 12 does not require the hold queue command For example Router config if hold queue 4096 in For more information see the Scalability and Performance chapter in the Cisco 10000 Series...

Page 518: ... All member links in a MLP bundle must have the same encapsulation type and bandwidth Performance is not guaranteed when member links have different bandwidths We strongly recommend that you use only strict priority queues when configuring MLP over Serial based LFI For more information see Chapter 8 Prioritizing Services Line Card Support for MLP Over Serial Based LFI The following line cards supp...

Page 519: ...load larger than the specified fragment size are fragmented The minimum fragment size depends on the AAL5 encapsulation type and whether or not protocol compression is enabled see Table 16 2 on page 16 15 When configuring single VC MLP over ATM based LFI you must configure a virtual template interface for the MLP bundle However the virtual template does not need to be unique for each bundle multip...

Page 520: ...mber of MLP header bytes depends on the AAL5 encapsulation and whether or not protocol compression is enabled see Table 16 3 Table 16 3 lists the number of bytes in the MLP header depending on the AAL5 encapsulation type and whether or not protocol compression is used MLP Bundle Interface and Service Policies The router applies a service policy attached to a multilink interface to only the MLP bun...

Page 521: ...ents nonreal time traffic Encapsulates the fragments with MLP Transmits the fragments Real time traffic such as voice are queued intact to a priority low latency queue It is from this queue that MLP transmits the real time packets and interleaves them between the nonreal time fragments Because real time packets are not MLP encapsulated or fragmented MLP can safely interleave these packets as neede...

Page 522: ...gle VC MLP Over ATM Based LFI Single VC MLP over ATM member links are restricted to non aggregated PVCs for example variable bit rate nonreal time VBR nrt and constant bit rate CBR ATM traffic classes only The multilink interface can have only one PPP link that is between 64 and 2048 kbps The router supports a maximum of one member link per bundle The router supports a maximum of 8192 bundles per ...

Page 523: ... links to the same remote address Upon receipt the receiving fragmentation peer reassembles the fragments to the original packet and then processes it as PPPoA The underlying PPP encapsulation conforms to RFC 1661 MLP fragments all outbound MLP packets with a payload that is larger than the specified fragment size The smallest fragment size depends on the AAL5 encapsulation type and whether or not...

Page 524: ...rmation see the Scalability and Performance chapter in the Cisco 10000 Series Router Broadband Aggregation Leased Line and MPLS Configuration Guide Restrictions and Limitations for Multi VC MLP Over ATM Based LFI Multi VC MLP over ATM member links are restricted to non aggregated PVCs for example variable bit rate nonreal time VBR nrt and constant bit rate CBR ATM traffic classes only Each MLP ove...

Page 525: ...re reassembled and the packet is reconstructed This method of fragmenting and interleaving helps guarantee the appropriate QoS for the real time traffic When configuring MLP over Frame Relay based LFI you must configure a virtual template interface for the MLP bundle The virtual template must be unique to only that bundle multiple MLP bundles cannot share the same virtual template For more informa...

Page 526: ...fragments from another nonreal time packet MLP posts all of the packets from the various nonreal time packet queues to a single bundle first in first out FIFO queue It is from this single bundle queue that MLP does the following Fragments nonreal time traffic Encapsulates the fragments with MLP Transmits the fragments Real time traffic such as voice are queued intact to a priority low latency queu...

Page 527: ...s 2 Step 3 If PPP protocol compression is on subtract 1 byte For no protocol compression subtract 2 bytes For MLP over Frame Relay based LFI the minimum fragment size is 56 calculated as follows MLP Min Weight PPP Encapsulation Bytes MLP Header Bytes Min Fragment Size where MLP Minimum Weight is 64 PPP Encapsulation Bytes is 4 MLP Header Bytes is 4 Performance and Scalability for MLP Over Frame Re...

Page 528: ...erfaces use service policies see Chapter 13 Defining QoS for Multiple Policy Levels Local Management Interface LMI traffic is not fragmented Cisco IOS software supports a maximum of 4096 total virtual template interfaces We strongly recommend that you use only strict priority queues when configuring MLP over Frame Relay based LFI For more information see Chapter 8 Prioritizing Services Configuring...

Page 529: ...ter config interface multilink multilink bundle number Creates a multilink bundle Enters interface configuration mode to configure the bundle multilink bundle number is a nonzero number that identifies the multilink bundle For Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB and later releases valid values are MLP over Serial based LFI 1 to 9999 Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB and later releases 1 to 9999 and 65 536 to ...

Page 530: ... the outbound interface Note For QoS policies containing the bandwidth priority random detect queue limit and shape commands you must specify the output keyword The router ignores these commands when you use them with the input keyword policy map name is the name of the policy map Step 5 Router config if ppp multilink Enables MLP on the interface Note MLP fragmentation is enabled by default Step 6...

Page 531: ... to apply a unique virtual template to each member link To enable MLP on a virtual template enter the following commands beginning in global configuration mode Command Purpose Step 1 Router config interface virtual template number Creates or modifies a virtual template interface that can be configured and applied dynamically to virtual access interfaces Enters interface configuration mode number i...

Page 532: ...ts the maximum time to wait for Point to Point Protocol PPP negotiation messages response time specifies the maximum time in seconds to wait for a response during PPP negotiation We recommend 5 seconds Step 5 Router config if keepalive period Enables keepalive packets to be sent at the specified time interval to keep the interface active period specifies a time interval in seconds The default is 1...

Page 533: ...wing commands beginning in global configuration mode Command Purpose Step 1 Router config policy map policy map name Configures the QoS policy Enters policy map configuration mode policy map name is the name of the policy map Step 2 Router config pmap class class default Configures the class default class Enters policy map class configuration mode Step 3 Router config pmap c shape kbps value Shape...

Page 534: ...nables MLP on the interface Step 7 Router config if ppp multilink group group number Associates the interface with a MLP bundle group number is a nonzero number that identifies the multilink group Valid values are from 1 to 9999 Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB and later releases or from 1 to 9999 and 65 536 to 2 147 483 647 Cisco IOS Release 12 2 31 SB2 and later releases The group number must be ide...

Page 535: ...rt output pcr output scr output mbs Configures the variable bit rate nonreal time VBR nrt quality of service QoS output pcr is the output peak cell rate PCR in kbps output scr is the sustainable cell rate SCR in kbps output mbs is the output maximum burst cell size MBS expressed in number of cells Step 8 Router config if atm vc encapsulation aal5mux ppp virtual template number aal5ciscoppp virtual...

Page 536: ...output Premium Router config if ppp multilink Router config if ppp multilink fragment delay 8 Router config if ppp multilink interleave Router config if ppp multilink group 10000 Router config if exit Router config interface virtual template1 Router config if ppp max configure 110 Router config if ppp max failure 100 Step 9 Router config if atm vc protocol ppp virtual template number Enables PPP s...

Page 537: ...bal configuration mode Command Purpose Step 1 Router config if interface serial slot module port Configures or modifies the interface you specify and enters interface configuration mode Step 2 Router config if hold queue length in out Limits the size of the IP output queue on an interface We recommend that you configure this command on all physical interfaces length is a number that specifies the ...

Page 538: ...data link connection identifier DLCI and 2 bytes to identify the packet type This is the default encapsulation type Step 5 Router config if interface serial slot module port subinterface point to point Configures or modifies the subinterface you specify Enters subinterface configuration mode Step 6 Router config subif frame relay interface dlci dlci ppp virtual template name Assigns a data link co...

Page 539: ...tilink ppp multilink group 20009 Moving a Member Link to a Different MLP Bundle To move a member link to a different MLP bundle enter the following commands beginning in interface configuration mode Command Purpose Step 1 Router config interface type number slot module port channel controller number Specifies the interface that you want to move to a different MLP bundle Enters interface configurat...

Page 540: ...o 9999 and 65 536 to 2 147 483 647 Cisco IOS Release 12 2 31 SB2 and later releases Single VC MLP over ATM based LFI 10 000 and higher Multi VC MLP over ATM based LFI 1 to 9999 Cisco IOS Release 12 2 28 SB and later releases 1 to 9999 and 65 536 to 2 147 483 647 Cisco IOS Release 12 2 31 SB2 and later releases MLP over Frame Relay based LFI 10 000 and higher Command Purpose Command Purpose Step 1 ...

Page 541: ...eal Time Transmit The DTE encapsulates real time packets as Frame Relay packets and interleaves the real time packets between the nonreal time fragments Nonreal Time Receive The receiving LFI enabled DTE reassembles the nonreal time fragments and processes the reassembled packets as Frame Relay packets Real Time Receive Because real time packets are whole packets and not fragments reassembly is no...

Page 542: ...hen traffic is stopped you can remove and re attach service policies using Example 16 6 and Example 16 7 Example 16 6 Removing and Re attaching the Service Policy int mfr2001 1 no service policy out mfr1 int mfr2001 1 service policy out mfr1 Example 16 7 Remove the Service Policy Before Removing the Map Class int mfr2001 1 no service policy out mfr1 no frame relay class mfr int mfr2001 1 frame rel...

Page 543: ...e the child policy map named policy_12_p0 defines QoS actions for three traffic classes prec_q0 for priority traffic prec_q1 for non priority traffic and prec_q2 for non priority traffic The parent policy map named policy_13 shapes traffic for all of the traffic classes to 256 kbps The service policy command is used to apply the child policy to the parent policy When applying the service policy to...

Page 544: ...treats all traffic on the interface as one group with one LFI setting regardless of which PVC a packet belongs to For example an Internet service provider ISP might offer multiple PVCs on an interface to the same subscriber In this case rather than introducing artificial bandwidth divisions among PVCs of the same subscriber the service provider might want to treat all of the PVCs together and offe...

Page 545: ...ayload that is less than or equal to the fragment size frame relay fragment end to end Command Interface To enable the fragmentation of Frame Relay frames on an interface use the frame relay fragment end to end command in interface configuration mode To disable Frame Relay fragmentation use the no form of the command frame relay fragment fragment_size end to end no frame relay fragment fragment_si...

Page 546: ... enhance performance and scalability configure the hold queue command in interface configuration mode for all physical interfaces when configuring FRF 12 Fragmentation For example Router config if hold queue 4096 in Prerequisites for FRF 12 Fragmentation A hierarchical service policy must be configured and applied to a Frame Relay interface subinterface or DLCI either directly using the service po...

Page 547: ...d while being reassembled Received packets in timeouts Interleaved packets transmitted Fragmented packets and bytes transmitted Fragmented packets dropped when transmitted We strongly recommend that you use only strict priority queues when configuring PVC based FRF 12 fragmentation For more information see Chapter 8 Prioritizing Services Interface Based Fragmentation PVC based and interface based ...

Page 548: ... frames on a Frame Relay map class fragment_size specifies the number of payload bytes from the original Frame Relay frame that go into each fragment This number excludes the Frame Relay header of the original frame Valid values are from 16 to 1600 bytes The default is 53 bytes Note All of the fragments of a Frame Relay frame except the last have a payload size that is equal to the fragment_size T...

Page 549: ...mmend 4096 packets for all line cards except the ATM OC 12 line card By default the input queue is 75 packets and the output queue is 40 packets in specifies the input queue out specifies the output queue Step 3 Router config if no ip address Removes any existing IP address from the main interface Step 4 Router config if no ip directed broadcast Disables the translation of a directed broadcast to ...

Page 550: ...directed broadcasts are dropped Step 10 Router config subif frame relay class name Associates a map class with the subinterface name is the name of the map class Note The router applies the service policy configured in the map class to this subinterface and any DLCIs configured on the subinterface Step 11 Router config subif frame relay interface dlci dlci ietf cisco Assigns a data link connection...

Page 551: ...int to point Router config subif ip address 192 168 1 1 255 255 255 0 Router config subif no ip directed broadcast Router config subif frame relay interface dlci 17 Router config interface serial 5 0 0 1 0 2 point to point Router config subif ip address 192 168 2 1 255 255 255 0 Router config subif no ip directed broadcast Router config subif frame relay interface dlci 18 Example 16 10 shows how t...

Page 552: ...d that you configure this command on all physical interfaces length is a number that specifies the maximum number of packets in the queue Valid values are from 0 to 4096 We recommend 4096 packets for all line cards By default the input queue is 75 packets and the output queue is 40 packets in specifies the input queue out specifies the output queue Step 3 Router config if no ip address Removes any...

Page 553: ...ial 5 0 0 1 0 1 point to point Router config subif ip address 192 168 1 1 255 255 255 0 Router config subif no ip directed broadcast Router config subif frame relay interface dlci 17 Step 7 Router config subif ip address address mask Specifies the IP address and subnet mask assigned to the subinterface address is the IP address mask is the subnet mask for the associated IP address Step 8 Router co...

Page 554: ...ueue out specifies the output queue Step 3 Router config if no ip address Removes any existing IP address from the main interface Step 4 Router config if no ip directed broadcast Disables the translation of a directed broadcast to physical broadcasts Instead the directed broadcasts are dropped Step 5 Router config if encapsulation frame relay ietf cisco Specifies Frame Relay as the interface encap...

Page 555: ...ed IP address Step 9 Router config subif no ip directed broadcast Disables the translation of a directed broadcast to physical broadcasts Instead the directed broadcasts are dropped Step 10 Router config subif service policy input output policy map name Attaches the policy map you specify to the subinterface input indicates to apply the service policy to the traffic on the inbound interface output...

Page 556: ...subif frame relay interface dlci 18 Router config fr dlci service policy output policy_13 Configuring a Hierarchical Policy and PVC Based FRF 12 Fragmentation To configure a hierarchical policy and PVC based FRF 12 Fragmentation perform the following configuration tasks Configuring the Child QoS Policy page 16 52 Configuring the Parent QoS Policy page 16 53 Enabling FRF 12 Fragmentation on a Frame...

Page 557: ...nfigures two rate traffic policing based on bits per second Optional cir is the committed information rate CIR and indicates an average rate at which the policer meters traffic CIR is based on the interface shape rate percent percent indicates to use the percentage of available bandwidth specified in percent to calculate the CIR Valid values are from 1 to 100 bc burst normal and bc normal burst in...

Page 558: ...map class name Creates or modifies a map class Enters map class configuration mode map class name is the name of the map class Step 2 Router config map c service policy input output policy map name Applies the service policy you specify to the map class input indicates to apply the service policy to the traffic on the inbound interface output indicates to apply the service policy to the traffic on...

Page 559: ...nd the output queue is 40 packets in specifies the input queue out specifies the output queue Step 3 Router config if no ip address Optional Removes any existing IP address from the main interface Step 4 Router config if no ip directed broadcast Optional Disables IP directed broadcasts Instead these broadcasts are dropped Step 5 Router config if encapsulation frame relay ietf cisco Specifies Frame...

Page 560: ...1 Router config cmap class map match all acl_102 Router config cmap match access group 102 Router config policy map qos_pq_cbwfq_0 Router config pmap class acl_101 Router config pmap c priority Router config pmap c police percent 10 Router config pmap c class acl_102 Router config pmap c bandwidth percent 30 Router config pmap policy map outer_policy Router config pmap class class default Router c...

Page 561: ...g if hold queue length in out Limits the size of the IP output queue on an interface We recommend that you configure this command on all physical interfaces length is a number that specifies the maximum number of packets in the queue Valid values are from 0 to 4096 We recommend 4096 packets for all line cards By default the input queue is 75 packets and the output queue is 40 packets in specifies ...

Page 562: ... 255 255 0 Router config subif no ip directed broadcast Router config subif frame relay interface dlci 27 Router config subif interface serial 5 0 0 1 0 2 point to point Router config subif ip address 192 16 2 1 255 255 255 0 Router config subif no ip directed broadcast Router config subif frame relay interface dlci 28 Step 6 Router config if frame relay fragment fragment_size end to end Enables t...

Page 563: ... controller path 2 controller t3 Router config controller T3 8 0 0 2 Router config controller overhead c2 4 Router config controller framing m23 Router config controller t1 7 channel group 0 timeslots 1 24 Router config controller t1 8 channel group 0 timeslots 1 24 Router config controller t1 9 channel group 0 timeslots 1 24 Router config class map match all prec_5 Router config cmap match ip pre...

Page 564: ... over ATM based LFI This configuration uses a multilink interface and a virtual template interface In the example MLP and the interleaving of Real Time Transport Packets RTP is enabled on the Multilink 10 020 interface The maximum delay allowed for the transmission of a packet fragment is 8 ms The Multilink 10 020 interface is associated with the MLP bundle The QoS service policy named Premium is ...

Page 565: ...ber links have the same encapsulation type The router does not support member links with different encapsulation types Example 16 17 Configuring Multi VC MLP Over ATM Based LFI Router config access list 100 permit udp any any precedence critical Router config class map Gold Router config cmap match access group 100 Router config pmap policy map Business Router config pmap class Gold Router config ...

Page 566: ...e Relay Based LFI Example 16 18 shows how to add Frame Relay links to a MLP bundle In the example MLP is enabled on the Multilink 10002 interface and on the virtual template named Virtual Template1 The service policy named Business is applied to the Multilink 10002 interface Virtual Template 1 is applied to DLCI 101 on the serial subinterface 1 0 1 1 Example 16 18 Configuring MLP Over Frame Relay ...

Page 567: ...if hold queue 4096 in Router config if no ip address Router config if no ip directed broadcast Router config if encapsulation frame relay Router config if frame relay class frag Router config interface serial 1 0 0 1 0 1 point to point Router config subif ip address 192 168 1 1 255 255 255 0 Router config subif no ip directed broadcast Router config if frame relay interface dlci 100 Router config ...

Page 568: ...icy output Business Router config map c exit Router config interface serial 7 0 0 1 0 Router config if hold queue 4096 in Router config if no ip address Router config if encapsulation frame relay ietf Router config if frame relay intf type dce Router config if interface serial 7 0 0 1 0 1 point to point Router config subif ip address 10 32 0 1 255 255 255 0 Router config subif frame relay interfac...

Page 569: ...rival duplicate sequence numbers unexpected begin fragment or arrival without a begin fragment The PRE1 counts only output fragments while the PRE2 counts both fragments and packets To verify and monitor the configuration of link fragmentation and interleaving enter the following commands in privileged EXEC mode Command Purpose Router debug atm lfi Displays debug information for MLP over ATM based...

Page 570: ...ary of each DLCI configured for fragmentation Router show frame relay pvc interface interface dlci Displays statistics about PVCs for Frame Relay interfaces Note For MLP over Frame Relay based LFI this command currently displays statistics for system traffic only Data statistics do not display interface is the type of interface for which you want to view Frame Relay fragmentation information inter...

Page 571: ...0 inactive max 10 min not set Se8 0 0 2 7 0 since 02 31 57 384 weight 378 frag size Se8 0 0 2 9 0 since 00 03 46 384 weight 378 frag size Se8 0 0 2 8 0 since 00 03 06 384 weight 378 frag size HQF2_R2 Multilink2 Service policy output policy_MLPLFI Class map prec_5 match all Router show interfaces virtual access number configuration Displays status traffic data and configuration information about th...

Page 572: ... for fragmentation Example 16 24 show frame relay fragment Command Sample Output All Subinterfaces and DLCIs Router show frame relay fragment interfacedlcifrag typesizein fragout fragdropped frag se5 0 0 1 0 117end to end300000 se5 0 0 1 0 118end to end300000 Example 16 25 shows sample output from the show frame relay fragment command when a specific interface is specified The output displays frag...

Page 573: ...r a section of the document highlighted in blue When appropriate paths to applicable sections are listed below the documentation title Feature Documentation FRF 12 End to End Fragmentation Frame Relay Fragmentation Implementation Agreement Frame Relay Forum December 1997 Voice over Frame Relay Using FRF 11 and FRF 12 Release 12 0 4 T feature module Understanding and Troubleshooting Frame Relay Fra...

Page 574: ...Aggregation Leased Line and MPLS Configuration Guide RFC 1990 The PPP Multilink Protocol Policy Maps Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide Configuring QoS Policy Actions and Rules PPP Encapsulation RFC 1661 The Point to Point Protocol PPP in Frame Relay RFC 1973 PPP in Frame Relay PVC Based FRF 12 Fragmentation Release Notes for the Cisco 10000 Series for Cisco IOS Relea...

Page 575: ...VC based on the RADIUS profile of the subscriber RADIUS accounting mechanisms control billing for the different services An extension to DBS provides the ability to modify an existing VC weight and watermark values using a RADIUS Pull model in which the subscriber triggers the parameter changes The DBS Extensions VC Weight and Watermark feature enables the modification of existing VC weight and wa...

Page 576: ...n Figure 17 1 when a subscriber initiates a Point to Point Protocol PPP over ATM PPPoA or PPP over Ethernet PPPoE session to the Cisco 10000 series router DBS retrieves the RADIUS user profile and sets the QoS parameters to the shaping parameters specified in the user profile The profile might contain PCR and SCR values for DBS configuration If the profile specifies both values DBS configures the ...

Page 577: ...in the following configuration modes ATM VC class ATM VC ATM PVC range ATM PVC in range Usage Guidelines for the dbs enable Command When changing ATM QoS values dynamically on a VC the connection might be disrupted for a short duration typically milliseconds The no dbs enable command configured in any configuration mode for example PVC overrides the dbs enable command configured in any configurati...

Page 578: ...are set to those of the lower bandwidth user RADIUS QoS attributes override attributes on a PVC configured in ATM PVC in range or ATM PVC range configuration mode If the RADIUS QoS attributes cannot be applied to a PVC PPPoE and PPPoA sessions cannot be established When DBS is configured normal ATM precedences apply PVC configurations take precedence over VC class configurations Thus if DBS QoS pa...

Page 579: ... command The default dbs enable command removes the dbs enable command from the PVC configuration as shown in the following configuration but it does not remove the ability to do DBS under the VC class Notice that the default dbs enable command also does not appear in the PVC configuration vc class atm vc test vbr nrt 505 505 dbs enable encapsulation aal5mux ppp Virtual Template1 interface ATM6 0 ...

Page 580: ...ork access server NAS sends a domain authorization request to a RADIUS server the server returns an affirmative response that might include a QoS management string in attribute 26 VSA for QoS management in the NAS The QoS management values configured as part of the RADIUS domain service profile attributes contain PCR and SCR values for a specific VC or permanent VC The QoS parameters of the VC on ...

Page 581: ...he VC remains shaped UBR with the PCR configured The router accepts or rejects the session on the VC as described below If the downloaded PCR and SCR parameters are defined as mandatory attributes in RADIUS the router rejects the session If the downloaded PCR and SCR parameters are defined as non mandatory attributes in RADIUS the router accepts the session on the VC without changing the VC s traf...

Page 582: ...cy input Ingress applied on 1 101 vcd 1 Restrictions and Limitations for Dynamic Bandwidth Selection Dynamic bandwidth selection DBS applies the dynamically updated bandwidth to the ATM VC or permanent VC PVC DBS does not support applying the bandwidth to individual sessions The Cisco 10000 series router supports DBS for only ATM interface protocols such as PPPoA and PPPoEoA The router does not su...

Page 583: ...h selection perform any of the following configuration tasks Enabling Dynamic Bandwidth Selection on a VC Class page 17 9 Enabling Dynamic Bandwidth Selection on ATM PVCs page 17 10 Enabling Dynamic Bandwidth Selection on a Range of ATM PVCs page 17 11 Enabling Dynamic Bandwidth Selection on a PVC Within a PVC Range page 17 12 Enabling Dynamic Bandwidth Selection on a VC Class To enable dynamic ba...

Page 584: ...TM interface or subinterface Enters interface or subinterface configuration mode Step 2 Router config if pvc name vpi vci Specifies an ATM PVC and enters ATM VC configuration mode Optional name is the name of the PVC The name can have up to 16 characters vpi is the ATM network virtual path identifier VPI for the PVC Valid values are from 0 to 255 If you do not specify a vpi value the vpi value def...

Page 585: ...nterface atm0 0 0 1 multipoint Router config subif ip address 10 16 0 0 255 255 255 0 Router config subif range cisco pvc 0 50 0 70 Router config subif atm range dbs enable Command Purpose Step 1 Router config interface atm slot module port subinterface point to point multipoint Specifies the ATM interface or subinterface Enters interface or subinterface configuration mode Step 2 Router config sub...

Page 586: ...cify a vpi value the vpi value defaults to 0 Valid values are from 0 to 255 The slash is required start vci is the beginning value for a range of virtual channel identifiers VCIs Valid values are from 32 to 65535 end vpi is the end value for a range of VPIs If you do not specify an end vpi value the value defaults to the start vpi value Valid values are from 0 to 255 The slash is required end vci ...

Page 587: ...main profile from the RADIUS server as part of user authentication The QoS management string for dynamic bandwidth selection has the following syntax Cisco Avpair atm peak cell rate 155000 Cisco Avpair atm sustainable cell rate 155000 You must configure the peak cell rate PCR parameter and you can optionally configure the sustained cell rate SCR parameter The following configuration rules apply If...

Page 588: ...n Example for Enabling Dynamic Bandwidth Selection on a VC Class and a PVC page 17 14 Configuration Example for Enabling a RADIUS Domain Service Profile for Dynamic Bandwidth Selection page 17 16 Configuration Example for Enabling a RADIUS User Profile for Dynamic Bandwidth Selection page 17 16 Configuration Example for Enabling Dynamic Bandwidth Selection on a VC Class and a PVC Example 17 7 show...

Page 589: ... 0 0 ip address 10 14 0 25 255 255 0 0 no ip proxy arp full duplex interface POS1 0 0 no ip address crc 32 interface ATM3 0 0 no ip address atm flag s1s0 0 atm sonet stm 4 no atm ilmi keepalive pvc 0 16 ilmi interface Serial4 0 0 no ip address interface GigabitEthernet5 0 0 ip address 192 168 1 1 255 255 255 0 negotiation auto interface POS6 0 0 no ip address crc 32 interface ATM8 0 0 atm pppatm p...

Page 590: ...ws how to enable a RADIUS domain service profile for dynamic bandwidth selection Example 17 8 Enabling a RADIUS Domain Service Profile for Dynamic Bandwidth Selection cisco com Password cisco Service Type Outbound cisco avpair vpdn tunnel id shiva cisco avpair vpdn tunnel type l2tp cisco avpair vpdn l2tp tunnel password password2 cisco avpair vpdn ip addresses 172 16 1 1 cisco avpair atm peak cell...

Page 591: ...l access Displays status traffic data and configuration information about virtual access interfaces VAIs Router show running config Displays the state of the dynamic bandwidth selection QoS parameters that have been applied Note If you use the dbs enable or no dbs enable command the dynamic bandwidth selection QoS parameters appear in the output of the show running config command If you use the de...

Page 592: ...configured PVC Each PVC queue has a high and low watermark that defines the number of cells a queue can hold DBS operates with authentication authorization and accounting AAA servers such as RADIUS to provide ATM VC parameters to the router To dynamically retrieve VC weight and watermark parameters from RADIUS the following Cisco attribute value AV pairs are defined on the RADIUS server cisco avpa...

Page 593: ...e VC weight and watermark parameters pulled from the RADIUS server have precedence over the VC parameters that you configure on the PVC using the MQC As a result the show atm vc detail command displays the dynamically modified VC weight and watermark values pulled from RADIUS it does not display the nvgen values configured using CLI commands Feature History for Dynamic VC Weight and Watermarks Con...

Page 594: ... and Low Watermark Threshold Behavior The behavior of the high and low watermark thresholds depends on the queuing mode configured either atm pxf queuing or no atm pxf queuing mode Chapter 15 Oversubscribing Physical and Virtual Links describes threshold behavior for each of these queuing modes For more information see the High Watermark and Low Watermark Default Values section on page 15 25 Restr...

Page 595: ... and enters subinterface configuration mode slot module port subinterface is the number of the subinterface for example 1 0 0 1 point to point indicates the subinterface is a point to point subinterface Step 2 Router config subif pvc name vpi vci Specifies an ATM PVC and enters ATM VC configuration mode Optional name is the name of the PVC The name can have up to 16 characters vpi is the ATM netwo...

Page 596: ...word Tortoise cisco avpair vpdn gw password Hare cisco avpair atm sustainable cell rate 512 cisco avpair atm maximum burst rate 0 cisco avpair atm vc weight 100 cisco avpair atm vc watermark min n cisco avpair atm vc watermark max n When the router requests the policy name the information in the user file is pulled A RADIUS users file contains an entry for each user that the RADIUS server authenti...

Page 597: ... 0 InFast 0 OutFast 0 InPktDrops 0 OutPktDrops 0 Out CLP 1 Pkts 0 OAM cells received 0 OAM cells sent 0 Status UP DBS enabled PPPoA Current State LCP_NEGOTIATION PPPoA Latest Event PPP Msg PPPoA Latest Error None PPPoA Session ID 4 PPPoA Handle 0xA8000003 SSS Handle 0x00000000 Switch Handle 0xF5000003 PPP Handle 0x18000005 AAA Unique ID 0x00000005 AIE Handle 0xBE000003 Router show atm vc vcd inter...

Page 598: ...0 F5 InAIS 0 F5 InRDI 0 F4 InEndloop 0 F4 InSegloop 0 F4 InAIS 0 F4 InRDI 0 OAM cells sent 0 F5 OutEndloop 0 F5 OutSegloop 0 F5 OutRDI 0 F4 OutEndloop 0 F4 OutSegloop 0 F4 OutRDI 0 OAM cell drops 0 Status UP DBS enabled PPPoA Current State LCP_NEGOTIATION PPPoA Latest Event PPP Msg PPPoA Latest Error None PPPoA Session ID 14 PPPoA Handle 0x9300000D SSS Handle 0x00000000 Switch Handle 0x5400000D PP...

Page 599: ...In Cisco IOS Release 12 3 7 XI2 and later releases you can apply a service policy on the VC using RADIUS for a PPPoA or PPPoEoA session However configuring a service policy on the ATM subinterface still requires that you configure the service policy command When you configure a service policy on the VC or ATM point to point subinterface the router applies the service policy to all sessions that us...

Page 600: ...inute rate 0 bps Service policy output outname Class map class default match any 0 packets 0 bytes 5 minute offered rate 0 bps drop rate 0 bps Match any 0 packets 0 bytes 5 minute rate 0 bps When the router establishes a PPP over Ethernet over ATM PPPoEoA session the router downloads or pulls the policy maps set up on the RADIUS server to the VC The following sample output from the show policy map...

Page 601: ...p AV Pairs AAA Authentication authorization and accounting AAA must be enabled and already set up to use RADIUS When dynamically configuring a service policy on the ATM subinterface dynamic bandwidth selection DBS must be enabled on the VC using the dbs enable command For more information about DBS see the Applying Traffic Shaping Parameters Using RADIUS Profiles section on page 17 2 Restrictions ...

Page 602: ... config subif pvc name vpi vci Specifies an ATM PVC and enters ATM VC configuration mode Optional name is the name of the PVC The name can have up to 16 characters vpi is the ATM network virtual path identifier VPI for the PVC Valid values are from 0 to 255 If you do not specify a vpi value the vpi value defaults to 0 If the vci value is 0 you cannot set the vpi value to 0 The slash character is r...

Page 603: ...ttribute the user can access When looking at a user file the data to the left of the equal character is an attribute defined in the dictionary file and the data to the right of the equal character is the configuration data Setting Up the AAA Server To set up the local AAA server for dynamic authorization service which must be enabled to support change of authorization CoA functionality that can pu...

Page 604: ... sample output from the show policy map command shows that the voice and outname policies are attached to PVC 4 103 on ATM subinterface 4 0 0 3 The show policy map interface command displays statistical information about the policy maps Example 17 16 Displaying Existing Service Policies o the Router Router show policy map interface ATM4 0 0 3 multipoint no atm enable ilmi trap pvc 4 103 service po...

Page 605: ...icies have been downloaded Example 17 17 Pulling QoS Parameters from RADIUS to Existing Policies Router show policy map interface ATM4 0 0 3 multipoint no atm enable ilmi trap pvc 4 103 dbs enable encapsulation aal5autoppp Virtual Template1 service policy input voice service policy output outname end Router show policy map interface atm 4 0 0 3 ATM4 0 0 3 PVC 4 103 Service policy input test_vc Cla...

Page 606: ... 18 Pulling QoS Parameters from RADIUS to a Router Without Existing Policies Router show policy map interface atm 4 0 1 ATM4 0 VC 1 101 Service policy input voice Class map class default match any 0 packets 0 bytes 5 minute offered rate 0 bps drop rate 0 bps Match any Router show running config interface atm 4 0 1 Building configuration Current configuration 107 bytes interface ATM 4 0 1 pvc 1 101...

Page 607: ...ate 0 bps Match any Example 17 20 shows sample output for the show running config command on the router This command displays the router s running configuration file and displays the following types of information AAA set up Policy map ATM VC PPPoA DBS enabled Virtual template RADIUS server Example 17 20 Verifying Dynamic Policies on the Router Using the show running config Command Router show run...

Page 608: ...IUS server applies the service policy to a particular PPPoE session by downloading a RADIUS attribute to the router This attribute specifies the policy map name to apply to the session RADIUS notifies the router to apply the specified policy to the session Because the service policy contains queuing related actions the router sets up the appropriate class queues and creates a separate versatile ma...

Page 609: ...ice that RADIUS downloads to the router after a session is authorized Service Profile The service profile on the RADIUS server specifies a session identifier and an attribute value AV pair The session identifier might be for example the IP address of the session The AV pair defines the service policy map name to which the user belongs The following AV pairs define the QoS policy to be applied dyna...

Page 610: ...terface command are not available using RADIUS The router does not support using a virtual template interface to apply a service policy to a session You can only apply per session queuing and shaping policies as output service policies The router supports input service policies on sessions for other existing features but not for per session queuing and shaping for PPPoE over VLAN using RADIUS For ...

Page 611: ...s map and is the traffic class for which you want to define QoS actions Note Repeat Steps 2 and 3 for each traffic class you want to include in the policy map Step 3 Router config pmap c bandwidth bandwidth kbps percent percentage remaining percent percentage account qinq dot1q aal5 aal3 subscriber encapsulation user defined offset atm Enables class based fair queuing bandwidth kbps specifies or m...

Page 612: ...ead offset specifies the offset size the router is to use when calculating ATM overhead Valid values are from 63 to 63 bytes Note The router configures the offset size if you do not specify the offset option atm applies ATM cell tax in the ATM overhead calculation Note Configuring both the offset and atm options adjusts the packet size to the offset size and then adds ATM cell tax Step 4 Router co...

Page 613: ...on oriented variable bit rate VBR services You must specify either aal5 or aal3 aal3 specifies the ATM Adaptation Layer 5 that supports both connectionless and connection oriented links You must specify either aal3 or aal5 subscriber encapsulation specifies the encapsulation type at the subscriber line user defined indicates that the router is to use the offset you specify when calculating ATM ove...

Page 614: ...ig pmap c bandwidth remaining percent 80 account aal5 snap dot1q rbe Router config pmap c exit Router config pmap exit Router config policy map Parent Router config pmap class class default Router config pmap c shape 10000 account dot1q snap dot1q rbe Router config pmap c service policy Child Setting Up RADIUS for Per Session Queuing and Shaping The router allows you to apply QoS policy maps using...

Page 615: ... map occurs on the router The user profile on the RADIUS service contains an entry that identifies the policy map name applicable to the user This policy map name is the service RADIUS downloads to the router using VSA 38 Note Although the router also supports RADIUS VSA 38 Cisco Policy Down and Cisco Policy Up we recommend that you use the attributes described in the Setting Up RADIUS for Per Ses...

Page 616: ... any shape average cir 154400 bc 7720 be 7720 target shape rate 154400 overhead accounting enabled bandwidth 30 463 kbps overhead accounting disabled queue limit 64 packets queue depth total drops no buffer drops 0 0 0 pkts output bytes output 100 1000 Command Purpose Router show policy map interface interface Displays information about the policy map attached to the interface you specify If you d...

Page 617: ...ld Policy Map child Class voice priority police 8000 9216 0 conform action transmit exceed action drop violate action drop Class video bandwidth remaining 80 Router show policy map session uid 36 SSS session identifier 36 SSS session identifier 36 Service policy output parent Class map class default match any 0 packets 0 bytes 30 second offered rate 0 bps drop rate 0 bps Match any 0 packets 0 byte...

Page 618: ... 250 packets queue depth total drops no buffer drops 0 0 0 pkts output bytes output 2 136 Shaping and Queuing Per Session Traffic on LNS The Per Session Shaping and Queuing on LNS feature provides the ability to shape for example transmit or drop or queue for transmission later the traffic from an Internet service provider ISP to an ISP subscriber over a Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol L2TP Network Ser...

Page 619: ...olicy maps in which queuing mechanisms such as class based weighted fair queuing CBWFQ are configured Restrictions and Limitations for Per Session Shaping and Queuing on LNS Cisco IOS Release 12 2 31 SB8 does not support load balancing when per session shaping and queuing is configured However this release does support load balancing if no output QoS is applied to the session Cisco IOS Release 12 ...

Page 620: ...ginning in global configuration mode Command Purpose Step 1 Router config policy map policy map name Creates or modifies the bottom level child policy policy map name is the name of the child policy map The name can be a maximum of 40 alphanumeric characters Step 2 Router config pmap class class map name Assigns the traffic class you specify to the policy map Enters policy map class configuration ...

Page 621: ...and aggregation system DSLAM encapsulation type aal5 specifies the ATM Adaptation Layer 5 that supports connection oriented variable bit rate VBR services You must specify either aal5 or aal3 aal3 specifies the ATM Adaptation Layer 5 that supports both connectionless and connection oriented links You must specify either aal3 or aal5 subscriber encapsulation specifies the encapsulation type at the ...

Page 622: ...riber encapsulation specifies the encapsulation type at the subscriber line user defined indicates that the router is to use the offset you specify when calculating ATM overhead offset specifies the offset size the router is to use when calculating ATM overhead Valid values are from 63 to 63 bytes Note The router configures the offset size if you do not specify the user defined offset option atm a...

Page 623: ...the Router policy map child class class1 bandwidth 500 account user defined 20 atm class class2 shape average 30000 account user defined 20 atm policy map parent class class default shape average 30000 account user defined 20 atm service policy child interface virtual template 1 service policy output parent Verifying Per Session Shaping and Queuing on LNS Policies To display the configuration of p...

Page 624: ...Ethernet over ATM PPPoEoA sessions to a user specified rate Multiple sessions can exist on any ATM VC and have QoS policies applied or some of the sessions might have QoS policies while others do not The router shapes the sum of all PPPoA or PPPoEoA traffic on a VC so that the subscriber s connection to the DSLAM does not become congested Queuing related functionality provides different levels of ...

Page 625: ...e AV pairs on RADIUS to specify the name of the policy map to dynamically apply to the session ip sub qos policy in name of the QoS policy in ingress direction ip sub qos policy out name of egress policy You define the AV pairs in one of the following RADIUS profiles User Profile The user profile on the RADIUS server contains an entry that identifies the policy map name applicable to the user The ...

Page 626: ...queues from their parent interface or they have their own queues Each PPPoA or PPPoEoA session for which session queuing is configured has its own set of queues Table 17 3 describes the queues to which the router directs session traffic Interfaces Supporting PPP Session Queuing The router supports PPP session queuing on shaped ATM virtual circuits VCs for outbound traffic only The router does not ...

Page 627: ...xceed the shape rate of that VC Oversubscription at the Session Level Oversubscription at the session level occurs after session traffic shaping and when the aggregate session traffic exceeds the subinterface shape rate After all priority traffic is accounted the router distributes the remaining bandwidth on the VC to the sessions according to the value specified in the bandwidth remaining ratio c...

Page 628: ...outer ignores the VC weight when it is configured on a VC with PPP session queuing configured Configuring PPP Session Queuing on ATM VCs You can apply hierarchical shaping policies to sessions using a virtual template or RADIUS When you apply shaping policies to sessions do not apply a policy at the VC level on the same VC To configure PPP session queuing on ATM VCs perform one of the following co...

Page 629: ...nfig pmap c police bps burst normal burst max conform action action exceed action action violate action action Optional Configures traffic policing bps is the average rate in bits per second Valid values are 8000 to 200000000 Optional burst normal is the normal burst size in bytes Valid values are 1000 to 51200000 The default normal burst size is 1500 bytes Optional burst max is the excess burst s...

Page 630: ...c to the indicated bit rate and enables ATM overhead accounting Optional average is the committed burst Bc that specifies the maximum number of bits sent out in each interval This option is only supported on the PRE3 mean rate is also called committed information rate CIR Indicates the bit rate used to shape the traffic in bits per second When this command is used with backward explicit congestion...

Page 631: ...ace whose configuration can specify generic configuration information for a specific purpose user specific configuration information and router dependent information You configure a virtual template on an interface and apply QoS policy maps to the virtual template The virtual template inherits the QoS features specified in the policy map When the router establishes sessions on an interface the rou...

Page 632: ...sessions To apply the virtual template with its associated hierarchical policy to an ATM subinterface enter the following commands beginning in global configuration mode Command Purpose Step 1 Router config bba group pppoe group name Creates a PPP over Ethernet PPPoE profile Enters BBA group configuration mode group name is the name of the PPPoE profile Step 2 Router config bba grp virtual templat...

Page 633: ...er treats a value that is outside the range of valid values as the connection ID The default value is 0 Note The arguments vpi and vci cannot both be set to 0 if one is 0 the other cannot be 0 vci specifies the ATM network virtual channel identifier VCI for this PVC Valid values are from 0 to 1 less than the maximum value set for this interface by the atm vc per vp command A value that is out of r...

Page 634: ...tween the router and the RADIUS server The RADIUS user profile contains an entry for each user that the RADIUS server authenticates Each entry establishes an attribute the user can access When configuring PPPoA or PPPoEoA session queuing using RADIUS enter the following Cisco AV pair in the appropriate user profile Cisco AVPair ip sub qos policy out name of egress policy The Cisco AV pair identifi...

Page 635: ...ier2_0_2 class class default shape average percent 100 bandwidth remaining ratio 100 service policy pm_hier_child_0_2 interface ATM2 0 7 5555 point to point pvc 1 5555 vbr nrt 4000 2000 50 no dbs enable encapsulation aal5snap protocol pppoe group pppoeoa group interface Virtual Template555 ip unnumbered Loopback5555 no logging event link status peer default ip address pool pool 1 ppp authenticatio...

Page 636: ...er profile contain the user password service type and protocol type This information is entered into the subscriber s user profile when the user profile is first created The last line is an example of the Cisco QoS AV pair added to the user profile The policy map name downloaded to the router is p23 Example 17 32 Setting Up RADIUS for PPP Session Queuing on ATM VCs userid Password cisco Service Ty...

Page 637: ...is part of the QoS policy map definition Optional class name provides a class name that is part of the QoS policy map definition Router show pxf cpu queue interface QID summary Displays parallel express forwarding PXF queuing statistics Optional interface is the interface for which you want to display PXF queuing statistics This displays PXF queuing statistics for the main interface and all subint...

Page 638: ...evel x b PQ Activation and Dequeue Blocked RED Queue P MLP Pkt Queue F MFR Pkt Queue M1 MLP M5 MLPFR MA MLPOA M6 FRF12 M7 MLFR M8 FRF12_16 Example 17 34 uses the show policy map session command to display QoS policy map statistics for traffic in the downstream direction The example also shows the policy map configurations Example 17 34 Displaying PPP Session Information show policy map session Com...

Page 639: ...mit exceeded 0 packets 0 bytes action drop violated 0 packets 0 bytes action drop Class map cm_1 match any 0 packets 0 bytes 30 second offered rate 0 bps drop rate 0 bps Match ip precedence 1 0 packets 0 bytes 30 second rate 0 bps Queueing queue limit 237 packets queue depth total drops no buffer drops 0 0 0 pkts output bytes output 0 0 shape average cir 1600000 bc 6400 be 6400 target shape rate 1...

Page 640: ...ional Cisco documentation for the features discussed in this chapter To display the documentation click the document title or a section of the document highlighted in blue When appropriate paths to applicable sections are listed below the documentation title Feature Related Documentation Pull and push functionality Define Interface Policy Map AV Pairs AAA feature module Release 12 2 28 SB Dynamic ...

Page 641: ...ed IP Quality of Service page 18 2 Per Session Rate Limiting page 18 3 Per User Multiservice Rate Limiting page 18 4 Per Session Service Policy Using RADIUS page 18 5 Configuring IP Quality of Service for Subscribers page 18 9 Configuration Examples for Subscriber Based IP QoS page 18 12 Verifying a Subscriber Based IP QoS Configuration page 18 16 MQC Support for IP Sessions page 18 18 Feature His...

Page 642: ...s page 18 39 Verifying PPP Session Queuing on ATM VCs page 18 41 Per Session Shaping for ATM Interfaces page 18 45 Feature History for Per Session Shaping for ATM Interfaces page 18 46 Restrictions and Limitations for Per Session Shaping for ATM Interfaces page 18 46 Configuring Per Session Shaping for ATM Interfaces page 18 46 Configuration Example for Per Session Shaping on ATM Interfaces page 1...

Page 643: ...olicies to interfaces For PPPoA PPPoE and PPP in L2TP sessions however you apply the service policy to a predefined configuration template known as the virtual template interface The virtual template interface is a logical entity that is applied dynamically as needed to a connection It is used to create and configure a virtual access interface VAI The VAI uses the virtual template interface to cre...

Page 644: ...ies the traffic on an inbound or outbound interface The class map uses the match statements that you define to classify subscriber traffic Policy map Defines QoS actions and rules and associates these to a class map The policy map specifies the class map for a session and also indicates the policing actions to perform Service policy Attaches a policy map to an interface and specifies the direction...

Page 645: ...tual template The Cisco 10000 series router supports queuing only when you apply the service policy to a VC Per Session Service Policy Using RADIUS The per session service policy using RADIUS feature enables a subscriber management server SMS typically a RADIUS server to dynamically change the traffic policing parameters for a user session The RADIUS server maintains user profiles to define subscr...

Page 646: ...map name resides on the RADIUS server The Cisco 10000 series router downloads the name of the policy map from the RADIUS server using the VSA in the user profile The Cisco Policy Up VSA 37 is used for upstream traffic coming from a subscriber and the Cisco Policy Down VSA 38 is used for downstream traffic going toward a subscriber The PPP VPDN client processes these VSA attributes 4 Attach policie...

Page 647: ...eighted fair queuing WFQ Weighted random early detection WRED Class based weighted fair queuing CBWFQ Traffic shaping Note The Cisco 10000 series router has been verified to support a VC count up to 8000 VCs when atm pxf queuing is enabled The router supports ATM level QoS affecting traffic on the ATM VCs Both UBR PCR specified and VBR PCR and SCR specified VCs are available The Cisco 10000 series...

Page 648: ...cable queue limit Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable priority Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable shape Not Available Not Available Not Available Not Available random detect Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable Not Applicable set ip prec dscp Valid Not Applicable Valid Valid set qos group Valid Valid Valid Valid set atm clp Not Applicable No...

Page 649: ...t Applicable set atm clp Valid Not Available Not Available Not Available set cos Valid Not Available Valid Not Applicable police Valid Valid Valid Valid set mpls exp Not Applicable Not Available Not Applicable Not Applicable Table 18 3 Output Policy Map Actions Policy Map Actions Interface Type Normal Tag MPLS VPN Virtual Access ATM UBR VCs Command Purpose Step 1 Router config class map match any ...

Page 650: ...the virtual template interface All VAIs using the virtual template interface inherit the IP QoS parameters defined in the policy map policy map name is the name of the policy map you want to apply to the virtual template Command Purpose Command Purpose Step 1 Router config access list access list number permit deny protocol source address destination address port Creates an access control list ACL...

Page 651: ...figuring RADIUS on the Cisco 10000 series router Configuring the Router to RADIUS Server Communication Required Configuring the Router to Use Vendor Specific RADIUS Attributes Required Configuring the Router for Vendor Proprietary RADIUS Server Communication Optional Configuring the Router to Query RADIUS Server for Static Routes and IP Addresses Optional Configuring the Router to Expand Network A...

Page 652: ...classify packets The policing statement defined in the map1 policy map acts on all traffic of the class voice The service policy is applied to the virtual template interface Virtual Template 1 Output traffic on all virtual access interfaces VAIs cloned from this virtual template interface is rate limited to 120 000 bps Example 18 1 Configuring Per Session Rate Limiting Router config policy map map...

Page 653: ... config access list 120 permit ip any host 172 16 1 1 Router config access list 130 permit ip any host 172 16 1 2 Router config class map map1 Router config cmap match access group 130 Router config cmap exit Router config class map map2 Router config cmap match access group 120 Router config cmap exit Router config policy map mypolicy Router config pmap class map1 Router config pmap priority Rout...

Page 654: ...fic going toward a subscriber output service policy The PPP VPDN client processes these VSA attributes Example 18 3 Sample RADIUS User Profile for Configuring Per Session Service Policy Creates the RADIUS user profile user1005 Password user1 Service Type Framed User Framed Protocol PPP av pair ip addr pool pool4 cisco av pair lcp interface config service policy input rad_input_policy virtual profi...

Page 655: ...nfiguration default group radius aaa session id common policy map rad_input_policy class class default priority police 8000 8000 16000 conform action transmit exceed action drop policy map rad_output_policy class class default priority police 8000 8000 16000 conform action transmit exceed action drop radius server host 100 1 1 2 auth port 1645 acct port 1646 radius server key cisco radius server a...

Page 656: ...ber of the interface Router show policy map interface interface input Displays configuration information and statistics for the input policy attached to a specific interface interface interface is the type and number of the interface input indicates the inbound service policy Router show policy map interface interface output Displays configuration information and statistics for the output policy a...

Page 657: ... ATM3 0 0 Service policy output Gold Class map Business match all 0 packets 0 bytes 5 minute offered rate 0 bps drop rate 0 bps Match ip precedence 4 Output queue 0 128 0 0 packets bytes output 0 0 drops Bandwidth 4999 kbps Weight 3 Class map Non Business match all 0 packets 0 bytes 5 minute offered rate 0 bps drop rate 0 bps Match ip precedence 3 5 Output queue 0 64 0 0 packets bytes output 0 0 d...

Page 658: ...C for IP sessions supports policing on an IP session whether the policing action is configured on one or more traffic classes of the session or directly on the session For example you can configure shaping on an IP session and configure policing on one or more traffic classes of the IP session You can also configure policing statically on an IP session MQC for IP sessions supports the dynamic conf...

Page 659: ...r example a subinterface or main interface When a session with an inherited policy receives a policy from the RADIUS server it first removes the inherited policy and then applies the policy from the RADIUS server When a session without a policy starts and its parent interfaces also do not have a policy but a policy is later attached to the parent one of the following actions occurs The policy is a...

Page 660: ...ay also contain a network forwarding policy a specific type of traffic policy that determines how session data packets are forwarded to the network Service policy maps and service profiles serve the same purpose the only difference between them is that a service policy map is defined on the local device using the policy map type service command and a service profile is configured on an external de...

Page 661: ...et over MPLS EoMPLS termination MQC on IP sessions does not provide full high availability HA functionality After a switchover operation the router recreates the sessions and reapplies the configurations Per use ACL is not supported for traffic class on IP sessions on the Cisco 10000 series router Configuring MQC on IP Sessions MQC on IP sessions provides QoS support for local subscriber profiles ...

Page 662: ...hes the specified policy map to the service profile input indicates to apply the policy map to inbound traffic output indicates to apply the policy map to outbound traffic policy map name is the name of the policy map you specified in Step 1 Command Purpose Command Purpose Step 1 Router config policy map policy map name Creates a policy map with the name you specify and enters policy map configura...

Page 663: ...vice policy named Service1 This policy has two traffic classes configured class1 and the default traffic class Default traffic is dropped for both inbound and outbound traffic policy map type service Service1 class type traffic class1 prepaid config PREPAID class type traffic default in out drop Step 6 Router config pmap class type traffic class map name default in out input output Associates a pr...

Page 664: ...twork Figure 18 1 is a sample topology for per session shaping and queuing on an LNS Figure 18 1 Per Session Shaping and Queuing Topology PPP Sessions Forwarded In this simplified topology example 1 Downstream traffic is forwarded from the ISP the source to an ISP subscriber the destination during a PPP session 2 From an LNS at the ISP the traffic is transmitted over an L2TP tunnel to an L2TP Acce...

Page 665: ...euing action that is applied to a session For example the router does not support load balancing for a session if the policy map applied to the session contains the shape bandwidth or priority command This feature does not support L2TP sequencing This feature only applies when the LAC and LNS are connected by Ethernet and ATM point to point subinterfaces Configuring Per Session Shaping and Queuing...

Page 666: ...riable bit rate VBR services You must specify either aal5 or aal3 aal3 specifies the ATM Adaptation Layer 5 that supports both connectionless and connection oriented links You must specify either aal3 or aal5 subscriber encap specifies the encapsulation type at the subscriber line For more information see the Overhead Accounting and Hierarchical Policies section on page 10 6 Step 3 cont Router con...

Page 667: ...e Overhead Accounting and Hierarchical Policies section on page 10 6 Step 7 cont Router config pmap c shape rate account qinq dot1q aal5 aal3 subscriber encap user defined offset atm user defined indicates that the router is to use the offset you specify when calculating ATM overhead offset specifies the offset size the router is to use when calculating ATM overhead Valid values are from 63 to 63 ...

Page 668: ...ping and Queuing on LNS Policies To display the configuration of per session shaping and queuing on LNS policies enter the following commands in privileged EXEC mode Verification Examples for Per Session Shaping and Queuing on LNS Policies Example 18 10 shows sample output for the show policy map command In the example the router uses 20 overhead bytes in calculating ATM overhead Example 18 10 Sam...

Page 669: ...e various applications that execute over the PPPoA or PPPoEoA session A nested 2 level hierarchical service policy is used to configure session shaping directly on the router using the modular quality of service command line interface MQC The hierarchical policy consists of the following Child policy Defines QoS actions using QoS commands such as the priority bandwidth and police commands Parent p...

Page 670: ...You define the AV pairs in one of the following RADIUS profiles User Profile The user profile on the RADIUS server contains an entry that identifies the policy map name applicable to the user The policy map name is the service that RADIUS downloads to the router after a session is authorized Service Profile The service profile on the RADIUS server specifies a session identifier and an attribute va...

Page 671: ...r supports PPP session queuing on shaped ATM virtual circuits VCs for outbound traffic only The router does not support PPP session queuing on inbound ATM interfaces Mixed Configurations and Queuing A mixed configuration is one in which all sessions do not have QoS applied to them On some VCs the queuing policy is applied at the VC level while on other VCs the queuing policies are applied on the s...

Page 672: ... remaining bandwidth on the VC to the sessions according to the value specified in the bandwidth remaining ratio command configured in the parent policy of the policy applied to the sessions If the bandwidth remaining ratio command is not specified in the parent policy the router uses a default ratio of 1 Prerequisites for PPP Session Queuing on ATM VCs PPPoA or PPPoEoA sessions must be enabled Cr...

Page 673: ...M VCs You can apply hierarchical shaping policies to sessions using a virtual template or RADIUS When you apply shaping policies to sessions do not apply a policy at the VC level on the same VC To configure PPP session queuing on ATM VCs perform one of the following configuration tasks Configuring PPP Session Queuing Using a Virtual Template page 18 33 Configuring PPP Session Queuing Using RADIUS ...

Page 674: ...onfig pmap c police bps burst normal burst max conform action action exceed action action violate action action Optional Configures traffic policing bps is the average rate in bits per second Valid values are 8000 to 200000000 Optional burst normal is the normal burst size in bytes Valid values are 1000 to 51200000 The default normal burst size is 1500 bytes Optional burst max is the excess burst ...

Page 675: ...ult Configures or modifies the parent class default class Note You can configure only the class default class in a parent policy Do not configure any other traffic class Step 10 Router config pmap c bandwidth remaining ratio Optional Specifies a bandwidth remaining ratio for class level or subinterface level queues to be used during congestion to determine the amount of excess bandwidth unused by ...

Page 676: ...virtual template named VirtualTemplate1 Router config interface virtual template1 Router config if service policy output Parent Router config if exit Router config Applying the Virtual Template to an ATM Subinterface A broadband aggregation group bba group configured on an ATM interface points to the virtual template the router uses to apply QoS policies to sessions When a session arrives on an AT...

Page 677: ...ional point to point indicates that the subinterface connects directly with another subinterface Step 5 Router config subif pvc name vpi vci Creates or modifies an ATM permanent virtual circuit PVC Enters ATM virtual circuit configuration mode Optional name identifies the PVC and can contain up to 15 characters vpi specifies the ATM network virtual path identifier VPI for this PVC You must specify...

Page 678: ... the following configuration tasks Configuring the Policy Map page 18 38 Adding the Cisco QoS AV Pairs to the RADIUS Profile page 18 39 Configuring the Policy Map The router allows you to use RADIUS to apply QoS policy maps to PPPoA or PPPoEoA sessions The actual configuration of the policy map however occurs on the router using the modular QoS CLI MQC To configure QoS policy maps and apply them t...

Page 679: ...oads the name of the policy map from RADIUS using the Cisco AV pair and applies the QoS policy to the session Note Although the router also supports the RADIUS vendor specific attribute VSA 38 Cisco Policy Down and Cisco Policy Up we recommend that you use the above attribute for QoS policy definitions Configuration Examples for PPP Session Queuing on ATM VCs This section provides the following co...

Page 680: ...rarchical policy and apply it to a virtual template The example contains a child policy map named child1 with QoS features defined for the gold and bronze traffic classes The child1 policy is applied to the parent policy map which is shaped to 512000 bps The hierarchical policy is applied to the virtual template named virtual template 1 Example 18 13 Configuring an Hierarchical Policy Map Router c...

Page 681: ...y out p23 Verifying PPP Session Queuing on ATM VCs To verify PPPoA or PPPoEoA session queuing use any of the following commands in privileged EXEC mode Command Purpose Router show policy map interface interface Displays information about the policy map attached to the interface you specify If you do not specify an interface it displays information about all of the policy maps configured on the rou...

Page 682: ...u want to display PXF queuing statistics This displays PXF queuing statistics for the main interface and all subinterfaces and permanent virtual circuits PVCs It also displays packets intentionally dropped due to queue lengths Optional QID is the queue identifier Optional summary displays queue scaling information such as Number of queues and recycled queues Number of available queue IDs QIDs Numb...

Page 683: ...so shows the policy map configurations Example 18 16 Displaying PPP Session Information show policy map session Command Router show pppoe session 1 session in LOCALLY_TERMINATED PTA State 1 session total Uniq ID PPPoE RemMAC Port VT VA State SID LocMAC VA st Type 14 6 0009 b68d bb37 ATM2 0 7 5555 555 Vi3 1 PTA 0009 b68d bc37 VC 1 5555 UP Router Router Router show policy map session uid 14 SSS sess...

Page 684: ...ue limit 237 packets queue depth total drops no buffer drops 0 0 0 pkts output bytes output 0 0 shape average cir 1600000 bc 6400 be 6400 target shape rate 1600000 bandwidth remaining ratio 80 Class map class default match any 0 packets 0 bytes 30 second offered rate 0 bps drop rate 0 bps Match any 0 packets 0 bytes 30 second rate 0 bps Queueing queue limit 77 packets queue depth total drops no bu...

Page 685: ...per applied to the ATM VC shapes the downstream traffic as it passes over the VC Shaping enables you to apply QoS services to the classes of session traffic For example one class of a session might require low latency while another session class might require a guaranteed bandwidth Per session shaping on ATM interfaces supports the following functionality Hierarchical scheduling The hierarchical q...

Page 686: ...ing in global configuration mode Cisco IOS Release Description Required PRE Release 12 2 33 SB The Per Session Shaping for ATM Interfaces feature was introduced on Cisco 10000 series router and implemented on the PRE3 and PRE4 PRE3 PRE4 Command Purpose Step 1 Router config policy map policy map name Creates or modifies a child policy Enters policy map configuration mode policy map name is the name...

Page 687: ...he indicated bit rate and enables overhead accounting Optional average is the committed burst Bc that specifies the maximum number of bits sent out in each interval This option is only supported on the PRE3 rate indicates the bit rate used to shape the traffic in bits per second When this command is used with backward explicit congestion notification BECN approximation the bit rate is the upper bo...

Page 688: ...group name Creates a PPP over Ethernet PPPoE profile Enters BBA group configuration mode group name is the name of the PPPoE profile Step 17 Router config bba grp virtual template template number Associates a BBA group to the virtual template to be used for cloning virtual access interfaces template number is the identifying number of the virtual template Step 18 Router config bba grp exit Exits B...

Page 689: ...imum value set for this interface by the atm vc per vp command A value that is out of range causes an unrecognized command error message Note The VCI value has local significance only and therefore is unique only on a single link not throughout the ATM network Typically lower values from 0 to 31 are reserved for specific traffic for example F4 OAM SVC signaling ILMI and so on and should not be use...

Page 690: ...n the ATM subinterface 1 0 0 10 class map match all class1 match ip prec 3 class map match all class2 match access group 101 policy map Child class class1 bandwidth 500 class class2 shape average 300000 policy map Parent class class default shape average 500000 service policy child interface virtual template Vtemplate1 service policy output Parent bba group pppoe East Region virtual template Vtemp...

Page 691: ...ional class name provides a class name that is part of the QoS policy map definition Router show running config Displays the running configuration on the router The output shows the AAA setup and the configuration of the policy map ATM VC PPPoA or PPPoEoA dynamic bandwidth selection virtual template and RADIUS server Command Purpose Feature Related Documentation Class maps Cisco IOS Quality of Ser...

Page 692: ...ice Command Line Interface Modular QoS CLI Configuration Task List Creating a Traffic Policy Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Command Reference Release 12 2 policy map qos preclassify policy map command QoS service policies QoS Configuration and Monitoring Creating Time of Day QoS Service Policies tech note QoS Configuration and Monitoring Monitoring Voice over IP Quality of Service tech not...

Page 693: ... Frame Relay PVCs It includes the following topics PVC Bundles page 19 1 ATM PVC Selection page 19 4 Frame Relay PVC Selection page 19 31 Related Documentation page 19 53 PVC Bundles A PVC bundle is a group of permanent virtual circuits PVCs combined into a logical group with a single virtual interface that connects to a peer system PVC bundles enable service providers to offer different levels of...

Page 694: ...te QoS solution for both data and voice and allows for further granularization of data types to differentiate data priorities The router supports both ATM and Frame Relay PVC bundles Figure 19 1 shows a PVC bundle Figure 19 1 PVC Bundle Feature History for PVC Bundles System Limits for PVC Bundles Table 19 1 lists the system limits for PVC bundles Cisco IOS Release Description Required PRE Release...

Page 695: ...g occurs PVC2 takes over If PVC2 is already down or goes down later the router selects an alternate PVC based on the bumping rule for PVC2 If the router cannot find an alternate PVC for the bumped traffic the entire PVC bundle goes down If a bundle member allows PVC bumping the router selects the next lower precedence level PVC when a PVC goes down You can specify only one precedence level for bum...

Page 696: ...et forwarding Configure a PVC to support unmapped traffic If the PVC fails the router attempts to identify an alternate PVC If the router cannot locate an alternate PVC the router stops the PVC bundle Create differentiated service using PVC bundles by distributing MPLS EXP levels over the different PVC bundle members Use Weighted Random Early Detection WRED to further differentiate service across ...

Page 697: ...t condition of implicit bumping use the no form of the command bump explicit precedence level implicit traffic no bump explicit precedence level implicit traffic Syntax Description Cisco IOS Release Description Required PRE Release 12 0 26 S The ATM PVC Bundle Enhancement MPLS EXP Based PVC Selection feature was introduced on the PRE1 PRE1 explicit precedence level Specifies the precedence level t...

Page 698: ...when that PVC goes down and the traffic is directed to a PVC mapped with that precedence or MPLS EXP level If the PVC that picks up and carries the traffic goes down the traffic is subject to the bumping rules for that PVC You can specify only one precedence level for bumping The PVC accepts bumped traffic by default If the PVC has been previously configured to reject bumped traffic you must use t...

Page 699: ...ndle statistics commands class bundle Command To configure a virtual circuit VC bundle with the bundle level commands contained in the specified VC class use the class bundle command in bundle configuration mode To remove the VC class parameters from a VC bundle use the no form of the command class bundle vc class name no class bundle vc class name Syntax Description class bundle Command History D...

Page 700: ...mmand History Configuration Modes Interface ATM VC configuration for ATM PVCs Bundle vc configuration for VC bundle members PVC range configuration for PVC ranges Usage Guidelines for the class vc Command To use this command for assigning a VC class to a VC bundle member you must first use the pvc bundle command to enter bundle vc configuration mode When you create a VC class for a VC bundle membe...

Page 701: ...fferent VC bundle members You can map a single level or a range of levels to each discrete VC in the bundle thereby enabling VCs in the bundle to carry packets marked with different levels Alternatively you can configure a VC with the mpls experimental other command to indicate that it can carry traffic marked with levels not specifically configured for it Only one VC in the bundle can be configur...

Page 702: ...ion Administration and Maintenance OAM loopback cell generation and OAM management for all permanent virtual circuit PVC members of a bundle or a VC class that can be applied to a PVC bundle use the oam bundle command in VC class configuration mode To remove OAM management from the bundle or class configuration use the no form of the command oam bundle manage frequency no oam bundle manage frequen...

Page 703: ... highest precedence VC configuration in bundle VC mode Bundle configuration in bundle mode with effect of assigned VC class configuration precedence Command To configure precedence levels for a virtual circuit VC class that can be assigned to a VC bundle and thus applied to all VC members of that bundle use the precedence command in vc class configuration mode To remove the precedence levels from ...

Page 704: ... that is if the VC is not a bundle member To use the precedence command to configure an individual bundle member in bundle VC configuration mode first enter the bundle command to enter bundle configuration mode Next use the pvc bundle command to add a PVC to the bundle as a member of the bundle and enter bundle VC configuration mode VCs in a VC bundle are subject to the following configuration inh...

Page 705: ...guration command The protect command has no effect if the VC class that contains the command is attached to a standalone VC that is if the VC is not a bundle member To use the protect command in bundle vc configuration mode first enter the bundle command to enact bundle configuration mode for the bundle containing the VC member to be configured Then enter the pvc bundle configuration command to ad...

Page 706: ...t have different QoS characteristics between any pair of ATM connected routers As shown in Figure 19 2 these PVCs are grouped in a bundle and are referred to as bundle members pvc name The name of the permanent virtual circuit PVC bundle vpi Optional ATM network virtual path identifier VPI for this PVC The absence of the and a vpi value defaults the vpi value to 0 The vpi and vci arguments cannot ...

Page 707: ...S EXP levels but that uses the same PVC in a bundle To determine which PVC in the bundle to use to forward a packet to its destination the ATM PVC bundle management software matches precedence levels or MPLS EXP levels between packets and PVCs see Figure 19 3 IP traffic is sent to the next hop address for the bundle because all PVCs in a bundle share the same destination but the PVC used to carry ...

Page 708: ...egrity of the PVCs in an ATM PVC bundle These mechanisms determine whether a PVC is unavailable or severely congested If an individual circuit become unavailable then the device consults a preset series of rules to determine the course of action to take next You configure specific parameters to define these rules Figure 19 4 conceptualizes a failed PVC bundle member whose failure calls into effect...

Page 709: ...ium traffic The second method is to declare all circuits of the bundle to be down In effect the device is declaring the routed bundle inactive and asking the routing layer to search for an alternate The network configuration determines whether to bump traffic or whether to declare the bundle inactive Prerequisites for ATM PVC Selection The Cisco 10000 series router must be running Cisco IOS Releas...

Page 710: ...ss you explicitly configure it in the PVC bundle Packet Forwarding The Cisco 10000 router does not support fast switching of IP packets Configuring ATM Bundles You can configure ATM bundles either directly or by associating a VC class with the bundle To configure ATM bundles perform the following configuration tasks Creating an ATM Bundle Directly page 19 18 Creating an ATM Bundle Using a VC Class...

Page 711: ...n the ATM PVC Step 5 Router config atm vcb encapsulation aal5snap aal5mux ip Configures the ATM adaptation layer AAL and encapsulation type for the bundle Step 6 Router config atm vcb encapsulation aal5mux protocol aal5ciscoppp virtual template number aal5snap Configures the ATM adaptation layer AAL and encapsulation type for an ATM virtual circuit VC aal5mux is the AAL and encapsulation type for ...

Page 712: ... order to change a PVC state to down retry frequency is the frequency in seconds that end to end F5 OAM loopback cells are transmitted when a change in the up down state of a PVC is being verified For example if a PVC is up and a loopback cell response is not received after specifying retry frequency then loopback cells are sent at the retry frequency to verify whether the PVC is down Step 11 Rout...

Page 713: ...tep 3 Router config vc c mpls experimental other range Optional Configures Multiprotocol Label Switching MPLS experimental EXP levels for a VC class that can be assigned to a VC bundle and thus applied to all VC members of that bundle This command configures MPLS EXP based PVC selection Optional other specifies any MPLS EXP levels that are not explicitly configured This is the default setting Opti...

Page 714: ...e To configure a PVC to reject bumped traffic from another bundle member enter the no bump traffic command Step 6 Router config vc c protect group vc Optional Configures a specific VC or permanent virtual circuit PVC as part of a protected group of the bundle or configures it as an individually protected VC or PVC bundle member By default the PVC bundle member is not protected group configures the...

Page 715: ...ly for a PVC in ATM bundle member configuration mode take precedence over the values of these parameters that you set for the PVC in any other configuration mode including a VC class applied in the ATM bundle member configuration mode To configure an ATM bundle member enter the following commands beginning in global configuration mode Command Purpose Step 1 Router config interface atm slot module ...

Page 716: ...ule which is the default to a single bundle member The implicit bumping rule stipulates that bumped traffic is to be carried by a PVC that has the lower precedence level traffic specifies that the PVC accepts bumped traffic By default a PVC accepts bumped traffic Note To configure a PVC to reject bumped traffic from another bundle member enter the no bump traffic command Step 5 Router config atm v...

Page 717: ...e UBR as the traffic shaping rule for the VC Optional pcr is the peak cell rate PCR Step 10 Router config atm vcb vc ubr pcr mcr Optional Configures UBR plus UBR as the traffic shaping rule pcr is the peak cell rate PCR Optional mcr is the minimum cell rate MCR Step 11 Router config atm vcb vc vbr nrt pcr scr mbs Optional Configures variable bit rate nonreal time VBR nrt as the traffic shaping rul...

Page 718: ...dle or configures it as an individually protected VC or PVC bundle member By default the PVC bundle member is not protected group configures the VC or PVC bundle member as part of the protected group of the bundle and specifies that the bundle goes down when the last PVC in the protected group goes down vc configures the bundle member as individually protected and specifies that the bundle goes do...

Page 719: ...cell rate Step 9 Router config vc c vbr nrt pcr scr mbs Configures variable bit rate nonreal time VBR nrt as the traffic shaping rule pcr is the peak cell rate scr is the sustained cell rate Optional mbs is the maximum burst size Command Purpose Command Purpose Step 1 Router config interface atm slot module port subinterface Creates or modifies a subinterface Enters subinterface configuration mode...

Page 720: ...nnel identifier Step 4 Router config atm vcb vc no bump traffic Configures the PVC not to accept any bumped traffic that would otherwise be redirected to it Command Purpose Router debug atm bundle adjacency events Displays information about ATM bundle adjacency change events Router debug atm bundle errors Displays information about bundle errors Router debug atm bundle events Displays a record of ...

Page 721: ...s the parameters applicable to every VC in a bundle Any bundle that uses this class has aal5snap encapsulation broadcast enabled uses Inverse ARP to resolve IP addresses and OAM enabled at the bundle class level in the inheritance chain vc class atm bundle class encapsulation aal5snap broadcast protocol ip inarp oam bundle manage 3 oam 4 3 10 The following VC classes define the parameters applicab...

Page 722: ... part of the protected group The QoS type is ubr vc class atm basic class precedence other protect group ubr 10000 This subinterface has 3 bundles for connecting to its 3 neighbors Bundle new york and bundle san francisco have 4 members and bundle los angeles has 3 members interface a1 0 1 multipoint ip address 10 16 0 1 255 255 255 0 ip router isis bundle new york The following protocol commands ...

Page 723: ...t belong to any of the bundles pvc la other 400 no protocol ip inarp broadcast Configuration Example for MPLS EXP Based ATM PVC Selection Example 19 2 shows how to configure MPLS experimental EXP based ATM PVC selection The sample configuration adds PVCs 0 306 0 304 and 0 301 to the ATM PVC bundle named router2 and specifies the MPLS experimental bit values to map to each of the PVC bundle members...

Page 724: ...d characteristics to discrete PVC bundle members or you can apply them collectively at the bundle level You can apply Frame Relay traffic shaping to each PVC within a bundle You can create differentiated service using PVC bundles by distributing IP precedence levels or DSCP values over the various bundle members You can map a single precedence level or DSCP value or a range of precedence or DSCP l...

Page 725: ... the bump implicit command If you configure implicit bumping bumped traffic is sent to the PVC configured to handle the next lower service level When the original PVC that bumped the traffic comes back up it resumes transmission of the configured service level When the bump explicit command is not configured the bump implicit command takes effect by default however the bump implicit command does n...

Page 726: ...vice level can be configured to bump explicitly to a PVC handling a higher service level dscp Command Frame Relay VC bundle member To configure the differentiated services code point DSCP levels for a Frame Relay permanent virtual circuit PVC bundle member use the dscp command in Frame Relay VC bundle member configuration mode To remove the DSCP level configuration from the PVC use the no form of ...

Page 727: ...ues If one or more DSCP values are not specifically configured the bundle does not come up Note however that a PVC may exist in a bundle but have no DSCP value associated with it As long as all valid DSCP values are handled by one or more of the other PVCs in the bundle the bundle can come up but the PVC that has no DSCP value configured does not participate in it A DSCP level can be configured on...

Page 728: ...with it As long as all valid MPLS EXP levels are handled by other PVCs in the bundle the bundle can come up but the PVC that has no MPLS EXP level configured does not participate in it The exp command is available only when tag switching is configured on the interface with the tag switching ip command You can overwrite the EXP level configuration on a PVC by re entering the exp command with a new ...

Page 729: ...move the precedence level configuration from the PVC use the no form of the command precedence level other no precedence Syntax Description precedence Command History Cisco IOS Release Description Release 12 0 26 S This command was introduced on the PRE1 level Specifies the precedence level or levels for this Frame Relay PVC bundle member Valid values are from 0 to 7 You can configure a PVC bundle...

Page 730: ... are handled by other PVCs in the bundle the bundle can come up but the PVC that has no precedence level configured does not participate in it A precedence level can be configured on one PVC bundle member per bundle If you configure the same precedence level on more than one PVC within a bundle the following message appears on the console Overlapping precedence levels When tag switching is enabled...

Page 731: ...nent virtual circuit PVC that is a Frame Relay PVC bundle member and to enter Frame Relay VC bundle member configuration mode use the pvc command in Frame Relay VC bundle configuration mode To delete the PVC from the Frame Relay PVC bundle use the no form of the command pvc dlci vc name no pvc dlci vc name Syntax Description pvc Command History group Configures the PVC bundle member as part of a c...

Page 732: ...mpt to reuse that same PVC in a command that creates a PVC for example frame relay interface dlci frame relay local dlci results in the following error message Command is inapplicable to vc bundle PVCs Service Levels and PVC Selection Criteria The DSCP and precedence bits classify the IP packet service levels The Precedence field consists of the first three bits of the ToS octet in the IPv4 header...

Page 733: ...gure a PVC bundle member in a map statement The Cisco 10000 router does not support variable bit rate real time VBR rt for PVCs VC Selection A PVC bundle does not come up until you configure all of the precedence or DSCP levels in the bundle You can map one or multiple precedence or DSCP levels to a single PVC however you cannot map multiple PVCs to one precedence or DSCP level The Cisco 10000 rou...

Page 734: ...onfig if ip address ip address mask secondary Specifies a primary IP address for the interface ip address is the IP address of the interface mask is the subnet mask for the IP address Optional secondary indicates that the address specified is the secondary IP address If you omit the secondary keyword the address you specify is the primary IP address Step 3 Router config if encapsulation frame rela...

Page 735: ...lci is the local DLCI number used to connect to the specified protocol address on the interface Valid values are from 16 through 1007 vc bundle vc bundle name is the name of a specific Frame Relay PVC bundle configured on the interface Optional broadcast indicates to forward broadcasts to the specified address when multicast is not enabled see the frame relay multicast dlci command for more inform...

Page 736: ...ndle Member Directly You can configure a Frame Relay bundle member directly or by associating a Frame Relay map class to the bundle member The parameter values that you apply manually to the bundle member supersede the parameter values that you apply using a map class Note We recommend that you configure a PVC bundle on the peer router especially for applications that rely on communications on the...

Page 737: ...e Relay encapsulation type for the PVC bundle Optional ietf is the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF form of Frame Relay encapsulation based on RFC 1490 and RFC 2427 Use the ietf keyword when the router is connected to another vendor s equipment across a Frame Relay network Optional cisco is the Cisco proprietary encapsulation method consisting of a four byte header with two bytes to identify t...

Page 738: ... of the remaining precedence levels that are not explicitly configured on any other bundle members Note Critical non IP traffic automatically uses precedence level 0 Step 7 Router config fr vcb vc dscp level other Optional Configures the differentiated services code point DSCP levels for a Frame Relay PVC bundle member This command configures DSCP based PVC selection level specifies the DSCP level...

Page 739: ...own You can specify only one service level for bumping For PVC bundles that use precedence or MPLS EXP mapping valid values for level are from 0 to 7 For PVC bundles that use DSCP mapping valid values are from 0 to 63 Note When the PVC goes down the router directs the traffic to a PVC mapped with the service level you configure in explicit level implicit applies the implicit bumping rule which is ...

Page 740: ...you associate the map class To configure a Frame Relay bundle member using a map class enter the following commands beginning in interface configuration mode Configuration Example for Configuring a Frame Relay Bundle Member Using a Map Class Example 19 6 shows how to configure a bundle member using a map class In the example the PVC bundle named Gold is created The map class named East is applied ...

Page 741: ... the packet s precedence or DSCP level The sample configuration creates two PVC bundles on a multipoint subinterface The PVC bundle named new york has four members and supports precedence mapping The PVC bundle named san jose has three members and supports DSCP mapping The example uses arbitrary DSCP ranges Example 19 7 Configuring Precedence Based and DSCP Based PVC Selection interface serial 0 1...

Page 742: ...ame Relay PVC selection The sample configuration adds PVCs 101 and 100 to the PVC bundle named router2 and configures the MPLS EXP levels for each PVC bundle member Example 19 8 Configuring MPLS EXP Based Frame Relay PVC Selection interface serial8 0 0 encapsulation frame relay mpls label protocol ldp tag switching ip frame relay vc bundle router2 pvc 101 exp 0 2 7 pvc 100 exp other Verifying and ...

Page 743: ... information about the members of all PVC bundles displays Note Using the detail keyword generates a large number of debug messages that can quickly fill up a log buffer state change indicates to display information pertaining only to the state changes of the specified PVC bundle and PVC bundle members If you do not specify a vc bundle name state change information for all PVC bundles and bundle m...

Page 744: ...pg256up ny priority1024 24 21 Yespg512up ny basic 1031 01 0 Yespg256up Indicates that this VC is responsible for carrying unmapped traffic Router show frame relay ip tcp header compression interface type number Displays statistics and TCP IP header compression information for an interface Optional interface type number specifies the interface type and number Router show adjacency summary type numb...

Page 745: ...undle Management ATM PVC Bundle Enhancement MPLS EXP Based PVC Selection Release 12 2 8 T feature module ATM VC Bundle Management on Cisco 12000 Series 8 Port OC 3 STM 1 ATM Line Cards Release 12 0 23 S feature module IP to ATM Class of Service Release 12 0 3 T feature module Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Command Reference Release 12 2 Bumping and bundle protection Understanding PVC Bundl...

Page 746: ...19 54 Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide OL 7433 09 Chapter 19 Configuring Quality of Service for PVC Bundles Related Documentation ...

Page 747: ...ffic in an MPLS network MPLS allows you to tunnel the QoS of a packet You can classify packets according to their type input interface and other factors without changing the IP precedence or DSCP field of the packet The IP precedence and DSCP fields allow you to specify the QoS for an IP packet The MPLS experimental EXP field consisting of 3 bits in the IP header allows you to specify the QoS for ...

Page 748: ...e IP precedence and DSCP fields allow you to specify the QoS for an IP packet By setting the MPLS EXP field the router does not modify the IP precedence or DSCP field of IP packets as they traverse the network MPLS QoS supports the following QoS services Policing Classifies packets according to input or output transmission rates Allows you to set the MPLS EXP IP precedence or DSCP bits whichever i...

Page 749: ...work To use these features in a network set the MPLS experimental field value at PE1 the ingress label switching router by using the modular QoS CLI This sets the QoS value in the MPLS packet Figure 20 1 MPLS Network Connecting Two Sites of a Customer s IP Network Short pipe tunnel mode discards the MPLS EXP value on label disposition To enable MPLS EXP based classification after label disposition...

Page 750: ... and how the router treats the packet during periods of congestion for example forward or drop the packet For example service level agreements SLAs contracted between providers and their customers specify how much traffic the service provider agrees to deliver Packets that comply with the agreed upon rate are considered in rate and packets that do not comply are considered out of rate During conge...

Page 751: ...mmand The value can be IP precedence DSCP qos group MPLS experimental imposition discard class or ATM CLP bit Discard class is a number between 0 and 7 qos group is a number between 0 and 63 Restrictions and Limitations for MPLS QoS The router does not support the set mpls experimental imposition topmost command Configuring MPLS QoS on the Ingress Label Switching Router A label switching router LS...

Page 752: ...ll IP_prec4 Router config cmap match ip precedence 4 Router config cmap end The following example creates a class map named http with the access control list ACL named http defined as the match criterion The router classifies all packets that match the http ACL as belonging to the http traffic class Router config class map match all http Router config cmap match access group name http Router confi...

Page 753: ...lass to a policy map Enters policy map class configuration mode class map name is the name of a previously configured class map Step 3 Router config pmap c police cir bps bc burst normal be burst excess conform action set mpls exp imposition transmit exceed action action violate action action Optional Configures traffic policing based on bits per second and sets the MPLS EXP field for all packets ...

Page 754: ...eld of packets belonging to a specific traffic class To attach an MPLS QoS service policy to an interface enter the following commands beginning in global configuration mode Configuration Example for Attaching an MPLS QoS Service Policy to an Interface The following example applies the MPLS QoS service policy named set_experimental_5 to the Gigabit Ethernet interface 1 0 0 for inbound packets Rout...

Page 755: ...l 2 class dscp32 set mpls experimental imposition 5 class prec6 set mpls experimental imposition 6 policy map wred class exp0 bandwidth percent 10 bandwidth remaining percent 12 random detect precedence based random detect precedence 0 500 1500 1 shape 120000 class exp1 bandwidth percent 10 bandwidth remaining percent 12 random detect precedence based random detect precedence 1 500 1500 1 random d...

Page 756: ... 220 56 6 255 255 255 0 service policy input set exp interface POS4 0 0 ip address 220 220 46 6 255 255 255 0 load interval 30 tag switching ip crc 32 clock source internal service policy output wred Configuration Example for Pipe Mode The following example shows how to configure pipe mode on the CE and PE routers in the following sample topology In this topology esr5 is the CE router esr6 is the ...

Page 757: ... 0 0 2 encapsulation dot1Q 2 ip address 220 220 56 5 255 255 255 0 mpls ip encapsulate explicit null Configuration for esr6 ingress PE router class map match all exp4 match mpls experimental topmost 4 class map match all exp5 match mpls experimental topmost 5 class map match all exp7 match mpls experimental topmost 7 class map match all exp6 match mpls experimental topmost 6 class map match all ex...

Page 758: ... member of the set may have a different quality of service from other members of the set By using multi VC sets you can provide differentiated services to users of MPLS enabled service provider networks To provide this service differentiation the provider edge PE router in the service provider network sets an appropriate value in the EXP field in the header of each incoming packet as it is receive...

Page 759: ...r that each LVC would be set up along a parallel path in the network nor is there any requirement that each LVC be set up in such a manner If there are multiple equal cost paths through an ATM network from a PE router on the edge of the network to a destination LVCs are established for all configured classes of service for each of the equal cost paths The configured load balancing mechanism determ...

Page 760: ...u must use a nested policy map to configure the bandwidth The router does not allow non nested policy maps to be attached to an LC ATM subinterface The nested policy map provides the bandwidth The router treats the configured bandwidth like the SCR of the VBR PVCs in that all LVCs on a specific LC ATM subinterface use the aggregate bandwidth specified in the nested policy map The available bandwid...

Page 761: ...isco 10000 series router must be running Cisco IOS Release 12 0 27 S or later releases The performance routing engine PRE part number PRE1 must be installed in the router s chassis To use MPLS QoS to full advantage in your network the following functionality must be supported Multiprotocol Label Switching MPLS The standardized label switching protocol defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force...

Page 762: ...de in an MPLS enabled network using the default CoS map enter the following commands beginning in global configuration mode Command Purpose Step 1 Router config interface atm number slot module port subinterface number mpls Configures an ATM MPLS interface or subinterface and enters interface or subinterface configuration mode Step 2 Router config if ip unnumbered type number Enables IP processing...

Page 763: ...refix map Enters cos map configuration submode Step 2 Router config tag cos map class class available standard premium control Maps traffic classes to LVCs class is the precedence of identified traffic to classify traffic The default values for assigning traffic classes to the CoS map range from 0 to 3 Class 0 Available Class 1 Standard Class 2 Premium Class 3 Control The two least significant bit...

Page 764: ...els The DS TE feature introduces awareness of a particular class of traffic referred to as the guaranteed bandwidth traffic DS TE enables you as service providers to perform separate admission control and separate route computation of the guaranteed bandwidth traffic Therefore you can develop QoS services for end customers that rely on signaled QoS rather than provisioned QoS which enables you to ...

Page 765: ... useful because it allows you to fill up links with best effort and DiffServ traffic thereby achieving a greater utilization of those links The DS TE feature also extends the Open Shortest Path First OSPF routing protocol so that the available sub pool bandwidth at each preemption level is advertised in addition to the available global pool bandwidth at each preemption level The DS TE feature also...

Page 766: ...sites for DS TE To run DS TE your network must support the following Cisco IOS features Multiprotocol Label Switching MPLS IP Cisco Express Forwarding CEF Open Shortest Path First OSPF or Intermediate System to Intermediate System IS IS routing protocols Resource Reservation Protocol Traffic Engineering RSVP TE QoS Note IP CEF is enabled by default on the Cisco 10000 series router and it cannot be...

Page 767: ...les the router to generate and accept IS IS only new style type length and value TLV objects Step 5 Router config router is type level 1 level 1 2 level 2 only Configures the IS IS level at which the Cisco IOS software operates When you specify level 1 the router acts as a station router and learns about destinations inside its area For interarea routing information the router depends on the close...

Page 768: ...outing updates on the interface you specify IS IS advertises the IP address of the interface without actually running IS IS on that interface For type number specify the loopback0 interface Note When you enable passive interface on an interface IS IS continues to advertise the subnet to other interfaces and continues to receive and process updates on the interface from other routers Step 8 Router ...

Page 769: ...es an interface and enters interface configuration mode type is the type of interface for example serial number is the number of the interface for example 1 0 0 Step 2 Router config if ip rsvp bandwidth interface kbps sub pool kbps Enables Resource Reservation Protocol RSVP for IP on an interface interface kbps specifies the amount of bandwidth in kbps on an interface to be reserved Valid values a...

Page 770: ...tunnel mpls traffic eng bandwidth sub pool global bandwidth Configures the bandwidth required for an MPLS traffic engineering tunnel and assigns the tunnel to the sub pool or global pool Optional sub pool indicates a subpool tunnel If you do not specify sub pool the tunnel is global pool global indicates a global pool tunnel By default all tunnels are global pool bandwidth specifies the bandwidth ...

Page 771: ...erv Aware Release 12 2 14 S feature module Providing Strict QoS Guarantees Using DS TE Sub pool Tunnels To provide strict QoS guarantees using DS TE sub pool tunnels do the following 1 Select a queue referred to as per hop behavior PHB in DiffServ terminology to be used exclusively by the strict guarantee traffic This queue is referred to as the guaranteed bandwidth queue If you want to provide de...

Page 772: ...h queue is limited to an appropriate percentage of the total bandwidth of the corresponding outbound link The exact percentage to use depends on several factors that can contribute to accumulated delay in your network your QoS performance objective the total number of tunnel hops the number of links folded in along the tunnel path the burstiness of the input traffic and so on To do this set the su...

Page 773: ...splays RSVP reservation requests from downstream sender displays RSVP PATH state information Router show ip rsvp interface type number Displays RSVP related interface information Use this command to show the current allocation budget and the maximum allocatable bandwidth Optional type number is the type and number of an interface for example serial 1 0 0 Router show mpls traffic eng autoroute Disp...

Page 774: ...andwidth allocation interface name Displays current local link information Optional interface name indicates to display only those tunnels that are admitted on the interface specified by name for example serial 1 0 0 Router show mpls traffic eng link management igp neighbors igp id isis isis address ospf ospf id ip A B C D Displays Interior Gateway Protocol IGP neighbors Router show mpls traffic e...

Page 775: ... config if exit Configuration Example for Configuring DS TE on the Tunnel Head Physical Interface Example 20 5 activates DS TE on the egress physical interface POS 2 0 0 This physical interface is configured on the tunnel head router Example 20 5 Configuring DS TE on the Tunnel Head Physical Interface router 1 config interface POS2 0 0 router 1 config if ip address 10 1 1 1 255 255 255 0 router 1 ...

Page 776: ... router metric style wide router 2 config router is type level 1 router 2 config router mpls traffic eng level 1 router 2 config router passive interface loopback0 router 2 config router mpls traffic eng router id loopback0 router 2 config router exit router 2 config interface loopback0 router 2 config if ip address 10 25 1 1 255 255 255 255 router 2 config if no ip directed broadcast router 2 con...

Page 777: ...tric style wide router 3 config router is type level 1 router 3 config router mpls traffic eng level 1 router 3 config router passive interface loopback0 router 3 config router mpls traffic eng router id loopback0 router 3 config router exit router 3 config interface loopback0 router 3 config if ip address 10 24 1 1 255 255 255 255 router 3 config if no ip directed broadcast router 3 config if ip ...

Page 778: ...eject Lists section on page 6 36 For more information about the Per VRF AAA feature see the Cisco 10000 Series Router Broadband Aggregation Leased Line and MPLS Configuration Guide Related Documentation This section provides hyperlinks to additional Cisco documentation for the features discussed in this chapter To display the documentation click the document title or a section of the document high...

Page 779: ...on Cisco Routers Release 12 1 3 T feature module MPLS Class of Service Enhancements Release 12 1 5 T feature module MPLS Virtual Private Networks VPNs Release 12 0 22 S feature module Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide Release 12 2 Policy maps Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide Release 12 2 Part 8 Modular Quality of Service Command Line Interface Configuring t...

Page 780: ...20 34 Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide OL 7433 09 Chapter 20 Configuring Quality of Service for MPLS Traffic Related Documentation ...

Page 781: ...configured on the main interface The QoS VLAN Tag Based feature addresses this need by allowing multiple subinterfaces to be treated as an aggregated whole binding all of the matching subinterfaces together under a single QoS policy The configuration of the QoS VLAN Tag Based feature entails the creation of VLAN group classes and the creation of a VLAN group policy map Class maps define the groups...

Page 782: ...mand allows you to specify the VLANs you want to include in a VLAN group The configuration of a VLAN group can include individual VLAN ID values or a range of values For example VLANs with IDs 3 5 8 and 10 can form a VLAN group The router treats the VLANs specified in a VLAN group as an aggregate whole Note If you specify the match vlan command in a class map you cannot specify other match command...

Page 783: ...affic You cannot shape the aggregate session traffic by applying a shaping policy to a VLAN group Instead when applying queuing policies to sessions shape the aggregate session traffic by applying a shaping policy to an 802 1Q VLAN or QinQ subinterface For more information see the QoS Hierarchical Queuing for Ethernet DSLAMs feature module for Cisco IOS Release 12 2 31 SB2 Although you cannot shap...

Page 784: ...Based feature Table 21 1 System Limits for VLAN Tag Based QoS Class Maps per Policy Map1 1 Excludes the class default class map VLAN Groups per VLAN Group Policy Total Number Class Maps per VLAN Group Policy2 2 Includes the class maps configured for child policies applied to each match VLAN class and includes the class default class of the VLAN group policy 255 255 64 Table 21 2 VLAN Tag Based QoS...

Page 785: ...exists This does not include the class default class VLAN group members across the VLAN groups in a VLAN group policy are mutually exclusive Do not use VLAN ID 1 in a VLAN group unless you create a subinterface with VLAN ID 1 For the PRE2 if a policy map specifies a particular VLAN ID you cannot apply any service policy map to subinterfaces that have that particular VLAN ID or dot1q ID However on ...

Page 786: ...t has a non queuing action policing defined before the Child1 service policy is applied The class vlangrp2 is a valid configuration because non queuing actions are permitted for input policies The class vlangrp3 is an invalid configuration for this input parent policy because it contains a queuing action shape Note If this was an output parent policy the class vlangrp3 would be a valid configurati...

Page 787: ...age 21 9 Configuration Guidelines for VLAN Tag Based QoS Configure the match vlan command as the only filtering criteria for a class map If you attempt to apply a policy map that includes a traffic class for which the match vlan command and other match commands are configured the attempt fails and an error message displays Configure the match any command with the match vlan command A class map con...

Page 788: ...tes a VLAN group traffic class enter the following commands beginning in global configuration mode Examples The following example configuration creates a VLAN group named customer1 with VLANs 2 3 4 5 and 7 as members of the group Router enable Router configure terminal Enter configuration commands one per line End with CNTL Z Router config class map match any customer1 Router config cmap match vla...

Page 789: ... modifies a policy map for inbound traffic Enters policy map configuration mode policy map name is the name of the inbound policy map The name can be a maximum of 40 alphanumeric characters Step 2 Router config pmap class vgrp cmap name Assigns the traffic class you specify to the inbound policy map Enters policy map class configuration mode vgrp cmap name is the name of a previously configured ma...

Page 790: ...ut Router config pmap class vgrp customer1 Router config pmap c police 512000 Router config pmap c service policy policy1 Router config pmap c class vgrp customer2 Router config pmap c police percent 20 Router config pmap c service policy policy2 Router config pmap c class class default Router config pmap c police 512000 Router config pmap c service policy policy5 Configuring QoS Policies for Traf...

Page 791: ...econd When this command is used with backward explicit congestion notification BECN approximation the bit rate is the upper bound of the range of bit rates that will be permitted Step 4 Router config pmap c service policy policy map name Optional Applies the policy map you specify to the outbound traffic class policy map name is the name of the policy map that you want to apply to the traffic clas...

Page 792: ...ce policy policy3 Router config pmap c class vgrp customer2 Router config pmap c shape 512000 Router config pmap c service policy policy4 Router config pmap c class class default Router config pmap c shape 128000 Router config pmap c service policy policy5 Attaching VLAN Tag based Policies You must attach a VLAN tag based policy to a main interface The router does not support a VLAN tag based poli...

Page 793: ...1q 10 Router config subif interface GigabitEthernet 1 0 0 Router config if service policy output policy1 Configuration Examples for VLAN Tag Based QoS This section provides the following configuration examples Configuring a VLAN Tag Based QoS Policy Example page 21 14 Configuring a VLAN Tag Based QoS Policy Invalid Configuration Example page 21 14 Step 9 Router config if encapsulation dot1q vlan i...

Page 794: ...vice policy child policy1 class vlans_11_to_14 shape average 10000000 bandwidth remaining ratio 100 service policy child policy1 Configuring a VLAN Tag Based QoS Policy Invalid Configuration Example The following configuration example shows an invalid configuration in which the subinterface shaper policy is attached to the Gigabit Ethernet subinterface 1 1 1 5 and the vlangroup shapers policy is a...

Page 795: ...ueues Comparing the Bandwidth and Priority Commands of a QoS Service Policy Bandwidth starvation Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide Prioritizing Services Low Latency Priority Queuing Bandwidth Starvation Congestion management QoS Congestion Management Queuing Introduction Hierarchical policy maps Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide Definin...

Page 796: ...21 16 Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide OL 7433 09 Chapter 21 VLAN Tag Based Quality of Service Related Documents ...

Page 797: ...ted Documentation page 22 12 Hierarchical Queuing Framework The hierarchical queuing framework HQF defines a QoS architecture for implementing hierarchical packet scheduling and queuing on the PRE3 and PRE4 The HQF enables service providers to manage their QoS at three or four levels of hierarchy The 3 level HQF scheduler uses the following hierarchy Physical layer Used for shaping the physical in...

Page 798: ...chical Queuing Framework Hierarchical Queuing Framework Scaling The hierarchical queuing framework HQF supports the following interfaces 61 500 logical interfaces 16 000 physical interfaces Up to 15 queues per interface 2 priority queues PQs 12 nondefault queues and 1 default queue Cisco IOS Release Description Required PRE Release 12 2 31 SB2 This feature was introduced on the PRE3 PRE3 Release 1...

Page 799: ...ple shows how to create a PVP with a peak rate of 50 000 kbps interface atm 7 0 0 atm pvp 25 50000 ATM VC Shaping Using HQF HQF treats ATM VCs created on the physical interface as logical interfaces and the ATM port as the physical layer The PRE3 and PRE4 do not support ATM SAR based VC shaping The following examples show how to configure ATM VC shaping for the PRE3 and PRE4 The configuration crea...

Page 800: ...ice policies applied to the VCs create class queues on each one of the VCs Note that unless oversubscription is enabled the aggregate rates of the VCs cannot exceed the VP rate interface atm 7 0 0 atm pvp 25 50000 pvc 25 100 vbr nrt 10000 5000 16 encapsulation aal5autoppp Virtual Template1 service policy output pppoe_vc_out pvc 25 101 vbr nrt 10000 7000 16 encapsulation aal5autoppp Virtual Templat...

Page 801: ...aining ratio The value used to determine the portion of unused nonguaranteed bandwidth allocated to a logical queue relative to other queues competing for the unused bandwidth Note At the class level the router converts the values you specify for the bandwidth bps and bandwidth remaining percent commands to a bandwidth remaining ratio value The router does not allow you to configure the bandwidth ...

Page 802: ...ing on a given port must be less than or equal to 90 percent of the port bandwidth Scheduling Hierarchy As shown in Figure 22 1 the 3 level scheduler uses the following scheduling hierarchy to allocate bandwidth for subscriber traffic Class layer The 3 level scheduler uses virtual time calendars to schedule class queues Logical layer subinterface session or ATM VC Virtual time calendars perform we...

Page 803: ...affic in front of priority traffic at the physical link rate However in some cases it is impossible for the 3 level scheduler to service all competing packets with a latency of 2 MTUs For example if many priority packets compete at the same time for bandwidth the last one serviced may incur latency that is greater than 2 MTUs Table 22 1 lists the maximum latency requirements for various interface ...

Page 804: ... For more information see the Distribution of Remaining Bandwidth Using Ratio section on page 5 14 Configuration Examples for MQC Hierarchical Queuing with 3 Level Scheduler This section provides the following configuration examples Bandwidth Allocation Policy Attached to an Interface Example page 22 8 Tuning the Bandwidth Remaining Ratio Example page 22 9 Bandwidth Allocation Policy Attached to a...

Page 805: ...and the class default class of Parent2 has a bandwidth remaining ratio of 7 policy map Child class prec0 police 100 priority level 1 class prec2 police 300 priority level 2 policy map Parent1 class class default shape average 10000 bandwidth remaining ratio 9 service policy Child policy map Parent2 class class default shape average 1000 bandwidth remaining ratio 7 service policy Child Figure 22 2 ...

Page 806: ...Level Scheduler feature enables you to configure per session QoS and subinterface shaping of the aggregate session traffic just as the 3 level scheduler does However unlike the 3 level scheduler the 4 level scheduler uses the following scheduling hierarchy to allocate bandwidth for subscriber traffic Class layer The 4 level scheduler uses virtual time calendars to schedule class queues and logical...

Page 807: ...eous oversubscription of the sessions on a VLAN or VC and of the VLAN or VC on a physical port During congestion the 4 level scheduler does the following 1 Shares bandwidth fairly at the VLAN QinQ or VC level 2 Shares the distributed VLAN QinQ or VC bandwidth fairly among the sessions of that VLAN QinQ or VC 3 Shares the bandwidth distributed to a session fairly among the class queues of that sess...

Page 808: ...odular Quality of Service Command Line Interface Configuring the Modular Quality of Service Command Line Interface Modular QoS CLI Configuration Task List Creating a Traffic Class Policing Comparing Traffic Shaping and Traffic Policing for Bandwidth Limiting Policy maps Cisco IOS Quality of Service Solutions Configuration Guide Release 12 2 Part 8 Modular Quality of Service Command Line Interface ...

Page 809: ...ueue Weight page A 2 4 Specifying Tail Drop page A 3 5 Enabling RED Drop page A 3 6 Configuring Frame Relay IP RTP Priority page A 4 7 Configuring Frame Relay Traffic Shaping page A 5 Creating a Map Class To create a Frame Relay map class enter the following command in global configuration mode Example A 1 creates a map class named camry Example A 1 Configuring a Frame Relay Map Class Router confi...

Page 810: ... map class Specifying a DLCI Queue Weight Frame Relay weighted fair queuing allows each PVC to receive a weighted share of the link bandwidth To allocate more or less bandwidth share to a PVC use the following command in map class configuration mode Example A 3 sets the DLCI queue weight to 80 Example A 3 Configuring a DLCI Queue Weight Router config map class frame relay interface queue fair weig...

Page 811: ...on mode Command Purpose Router config map class frame relay interface queue fair queue limit limit Configures tail drop limit is the queue maximum threshold value for packet drop Valid values are from 32 to 16 384 in powers of 2 for example 64 128 256 and so on Command Purpose Step 1 Router config map class frame relay interface queue fair random detect Optional Enables RED drop Step 2 Router conf...

Page 812: ...y even ports are matched because they carry the real time data streams Odd ports are not matched because they only carry control information If the IP RTP even numbered port is within the configured range the packet is identified as a real time packet Real time packets are given higher priority than regular data packets and are queued to a priority output queue Note You must configure the Frame Re...

Page 813: ...ulation frame relay Router config if frame relay interface queue fair Router config if frame relay class voice traffic Router config if frame relay interface dlci 927 Router config if frame relay interface dlci 928 Configuring Frame Relay Traffic Shaping The Cisco 10000 series router supports Frame Relay traffic shaping FRTS and generic traffic shaping GTS on Frame Relay interfaces however you can...

Page 814: ...ame relay interface dlci 27 Command Purpose Step 1 Router config map class frame relay map class name Creates a Frame Relay map class for Frame Relay traffic shaping map class name is the name of the map class Step 2 Router config map c frame relay traffic rate bps or Router config map c frame relay cir bps and Router config map c frame relay mincir bps Sets the traffic shape rate bps is a number ...

Page 815: ...pendix provides an example of how to 1 Create route maps to match BGP community lists access control lists and BGP AS paths 2 Apply IP precedence to routes learned from neighbors QPPB Configuration Example In this example the Cisco 10000 series router learns routes from autonomous system AS 10 and AS 60 QoS policy is applied to all packets that match the defined route maps Any packets from the Cis...

Page 816: ...fig route ma set ip precedence flash Match community 4 and set the IP precedence to Flash override Router config route map precedence map permit 40 Router config route ma match community 4 Router config route ma set ip precedence flash override Match community 5 and set the IP precedence to critical Router config route map precedence map permit 50 Router config route ma match community 5 Router co...

Page 817: ...outerB config ip bgp community new format Match prefix 10 and set community to 60 1 RouterB config route map send_community permit 10 RouterB config route ma match ip address 10 RouterB config route ma set community 60 1 Match prefix 20 and set community to 60 2 RouterB config route map send_community permit 20 RouterB config route ma match ip address 20 RouterB config route ma set community 60 2 ...

Page 818: ...ure several interfaces to classify packets based on the IP precedence and QoS group ID interface serial 5 0 0 1 0 ip address 200 28 38 2 255 255 255 0 bgp policy source ip prec map no ip mroute cache no cdp enable frame relay interface dlci 20 IETF interface serial 6 0 0 1 0 ip address 200 28 28 2 255 255 255 0 bgp policy source ip qos group no ip mroute cache no cdp enable frame relay interface d...

Page 819: ...of high speed transmission media such as E3 SONET and T3 ATM adaptation layer 5 This layer maps higher layer user data into ATM cells making the data suitable for transport through the ATM network available bit rate QoS class defined by the ATM Forum for ATM networks ABR is used for connections that do not require timing relationships between source and destination ABR provides no guarantees in te...

Page 820: ...rved for each class and traffic belonging to a class is directed to the queue for that class On the Cisco 10000 series router the CBWFQ feature allows a virtual access interface VAI to inherit the service policy of the virtual circuit VC that the VAI uses class maps A modular QoS CLI element that you can use to define traffic classification rules or criteria Class maps organize data packets into s...

Page 821: ...dds header information to the protocol data unit PDU from the layer above endpoint discriminator A value a system uses when negotiating the use of Multilink PPP MLP with the peer system The default value is the username that is used for authentication Ethernet One of the most common local area network LAN wiring schemes Ethernet has a transmission rate of 10 100 or 1000 Mbps F fragmentation See li...

Page 822: ...terleaving capabilities as do some other technologies such as ATM load balancing In routing the capability of a router to distribute traffic over all its network ports that are the same distance from the destination address Good load balancing algorithms use both line speed and reliability information Load balancing increases the use of network segments thus increasing effective network bandwidth ...

Page 823: ...the same subnet For Dynamic Bandwidth Selection if you put the PVC in a point to multipoint subinterface or in the main interface which is multipoint by default you need to either configure a static mapping or enable inverse Address Resolution Protocol ARP for dynamic mapping Multiprotocol Label Switching Switching method that forwards IP traffic using a label This label instructs the routers and ...

Page 824: ... configured on the subinterface Therefore any IP packets with a destination IP address in the same subnet are forwarded on this VC This is the simplest way to configure the mapping and is therefore the recommended method policing A traffic regulation mechanism that is used to limit the rate of traffic streams Policing allows you to control the maximum rate of traffic sent or received on an interfa...

Page 825: ...ic into a VPN or multiple IP routing domains PVC See permanent virtual circuit or connection PVP See permanent virtual path Q QoS See quality of service QPPB QoS policy propagation through the Border Gateway Protocol quality of service Quality of service QoS refers to the ability of a network to provide improved service to selected network traffic over various underlying technologies including Fra...

Page 826: ...sustainable cell rate Parameter defined by the ATM Forum for ATM traffic management For VBR connnections SCR determines the long term average cell rate that can be transmitted SVC See switched virtual circuit switched virtual circuit A virtual circuit that is dynamically established on demand and is torn down when transmission is complete SVCs are used in situations where data transmission is spor...

Page 827: ...rt is used for connections in which there is no fixed timing relationship between samples but that still need a guaranteed QoS variable bit rate real time A QoS class defined by the ATM Forum for ATM networks Variable bit rate real time VBR rt is used for connections in which there is a fixed timing relationship between samples virtual access interface An instance of a unique virtual interface tha...

Page 828: ...virtual template interface A logical interface configured with generic configuration information for a specific purpose or configuration common to specific users plus router dependent information The template takes the form of a list of Cisco IOS interface commands that are applied to virtual access interfaces as needed VLAN See virtual LAN VPI See virtual path identifier W WAN See wide area netwo...

Page 829: ...Glossary GL 11 Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide OL 7433 09 xDSL Various types of digital subscriber lines Examples include ADSL HDLS and VDSL ...

Page 830: ...Glossary GL 12 Cisco 10000 Series Router Quality of Service Configuration Guide OL 7433 09 ...

Page 831: ...ng command 8 atm pxf queuing mode 13 15 3 5 31 8 25 attaching policies 5 attaching policies containing the set cos command 26 cell loss priority marking 14 matching 14 setting CLP bit 3 29 comparing committed rate data for policing and shaping 5 configuring VBR nrt VC oversubscription 11 interface QoS inheritance 12 line cards maximum VCs supported 5 VC scaling and hierarchical shaping 7 oversubsc...

Page 832: ...10 excess bandwidth 4 Frame Relay networks 2 10 kilobits per second 10 8 9 11 13 16 14 37 47 26 46 limiting advantage of shaping and policing 11 maximum percentage 2 4 10 maximum queues supported 9 minimum guaranteed queue buffers 1 4 10 3 minimum percentage 10 8 9 11 13 16 14 37 47 26 46 overheads in ATM networks 2 10 overriding default queue limit 6 recalculation after bandwidth changes 26 reser...

Page 833: ...tem limits for bundles 2 traffic bumping 3 verifying bundles 28 burst excess 7 burst normal 7 C CAC See call admission check calculating bandwidth in kilobits per second 4 10 bandwidth percentage 4 10 committed burst 22 excess burst 22 policing rate 25 call admission check 3 CBR See constant bit rate cbr command 13 8 CBS See committed burst CBWFQ 4 7 service policy inheritance 5 CDVT 12 27 CEF 20 ...

Page 834: ...e for Layer 2 to Layer 3 mapping 11 for prioritizing packets 11 IEEE 802 1p standard 10 marking 10 recommended values 21 class policies configuring in a policy map 9 configuring using tail drop 11 configuring using WRED packet drop 12 class queues allocating queue IDs 6 maximum number 2 scaling limits 2 class selector code points 6 7 class vc command 8 CLI See modular QoS CLI for implementing QoS ...

Page 835: ...mpls ip encapsulate explicit null 4 no atm pxf queuing 15 9 6 oam bundle 10 oam retry 11 police 5 6 9 police percent 11 35 policy map 3 9 21 ppp multilink 6 ppp multilink fragmentation 8 ppp multilink fragment disable 9 ppp multilink interleave 8 9 26 precedence 11 precedence Frame Relay VC bundle member 37 precedence other 38 priority 5 6 10 propagate cos 3 protect 12 13 protect Frame Relay VC bu...

Page 836: ... priority marking 29 bumping rules Frame Relay members 33 class of service marking 26 differentiated services code point marking 24 discard class marking 33 Frame Relay traffic shaping 5 6 IP precedence marking 22 MPLS experimental marking 31 percent based policing 11 26 precedence levels for bundle members Frame Relay 37 protected bundle members Frame Relay 38 QoS 5 QoS group marking 28 queue siz...

Page 837: ...words 7 RFCs defining DSCP values 8 setting DSCP bits 12 weighted random early detection based on DSCP 9 differentiated services code point assured forwarding binary values 8 bits 6 code point values 7 DSCP names 8 values 8 expedited forwarding RFCs defining DSCPs 8 discard class marking traffic 16 33 setting 12 discard eligibility bit 6 displaying statistics and configuration information for poli...

Page 838: ...licing and shaping 5 interface QoS inheritance 13 Ethernet overhead accounting 4 configuration example 11 12 policing policies 7 shaped rate and frame headers 7 verification examples 14 exceeding actions police command 7 6 10 20 specifying multiple actions 26 exceeding packets 7 exceeding token bucket 18 22 excess bandwidth allocating unused bandwidth 3 comparing bandwidth and priority 4 excess bu...

Page 839: ...7 frame relay vc bundle command 36 FRF 12 3 See also LFI FRTS 8 FRTS See Frame Relay traffic shaping G global pool tunnels 19 differentiated service 26 in DS TE 20 global synchronization maximizing 13 green token bucket 18 guaranteed minimum bandwidth 10 H hierarchical input policing child policies 10 configuring 19 description of 6 10 restrictions for 11 See also hierarchical policies hierarchica...

Page 840: ...olicies 22 policing 18 priority queuing 4 queue limit 22 random detect 22 shaping 13 interfaces supporting bandwidth command 2 7 hierarchical policies 12 marking 20 packet drop policies 21 policing 17 priority queuing 4 queue limit 21 random detect 21 traffic shaping 13 oversubscribing 5 31 2 45 See also oversubscribing packet input match statement 6 QoS inheritance 12 supporting the attachment of...

Page 841: ...signing bandwidth to DLCIs and PVCs 2 LNS per session shaping 45 locally originated traffic subject to QoS policies 17 low latency priority queuing See priority queuing low watermark 22 24 25 38 LSR 5 lwm 24 38 See also low watermark M management information base QoS MIBs 4 management port 21 31 managing PVC bundles 4 map classes attaching Frame Relay QoS policies 16 oversubscribing Frame Relay PV...

Page 842: ...es for changing 39 in the random detect command 9 recommended setting for random early detection 11 MBS See maximum burst size metering See policing MIB See management information base minimum threshold 8 default values 39 description of 19 guidelines for changing 39 in the random detect command 9 recommended setting for random early detection 11 MLP 2 modes for queuing no atm pxf queuing 4 6 7 px...

Page 843: ...2 overhead accounting AAL5 2 ATM 2 bandwidth command 8 calculation 5 child priority queues 4 classification byte counts 12 configuration commands 5 7 configuration examples 10 11 12 configuration requirements for hierarchical policies 6 configuring 7 Ethernet 4 Ethernet frame headers 7 examples of verifying ATM accounting 13 examples of verifying Ethernet accounting 14 feature history 2 features 1...

Page 844: ... 7 PAK_Priority 17 parallel express forwarding feedbacks 18 QoS performance 18 shaping VCs 5 parent policies description of 4 hierarchical input policing policies 10 in nested hierarchical policies 7 service policy command 4 shape command 4 three level hierarchical policies 8 18 PCR See peak cell rate peak cell rate constant bit rate PVCs 13 dynamic bandwidth selection 13 multiple sessions 5 unsha...

Page 845: ... policies 11 percent based policing 11 34 policing actions drop 12 3 set clp transmit 12 3 set cos transmit 3 set discard class transmit 12 3 set dscp transmit 12 3 set dscp tunnel transmit 3 set frde transmit 4 set mpls exp imposition transmit 12 4 set mpls exp transmit 12 4 set prec transmit 12 4 set prec tunnel transmit 4 set qos transmit 4 policing rate data 23 policing traffic percent based 1...

Page 846: ... precedence based mapping for PVC bundles 40 precedence command 11 precedence command Frame Relay VC bundle member 37 precedence field 40 precedence levels 9 precedence other command 38 PRI field See priority field priority class minimum guaranteed bandwidth percentage 3 comparing priority and bandwidth 7 data recommended marking values 21 field 10 priority command 5 6 10 priority queuing See prio...

Page 847: ...policies 7 Frame Relay QoS policies 11 14 16 17 19 QoS policies 1 virtual access interface QoS policies 23 VLAN QoS policies 21 22 23 attaching ATM QoS policies 8 benefits of QoS 2 class map 3 4 CLI migration from PRE2 to PRE3 3 configuring per session service policy 11 configuring QoS 5 creating Frame Relay policy 14 defining QoS actions 2 DSLAM model configurations 6 features 6 for subscribers 1...

Page 848: ...components 7 generic requirements 6 QoS service business 6 residential 6 QPPB See QoS policy propagation through the Border Gateway Protocol quality of service See QoS queue depth 16 38 queue depth command 16 22 24 38 queue IDs allocating 6 determining available queues 6 out of resource message 6 reserving queue limit aggregate sum restrictions 22 as a power of 2 5 changing 22 combining with rando...

Page 849: ...ssion rate limiting 3 10 per user multiservice 4 10 PPPoA PPPoE and RBE sessions 6 PPP tunneled sessions 6 RBE applying service policies to sessions 10 Real Time Protocol 4 RED See random early detection red packets 7 response time improving 7 restrictions and limitations ATM PVC selection 17 Frame Relay QoS policies 13 LAC QoS policies 31 policy maps 2 VLAN QoS policies 21 RFC 1490 16 RFC 791 4 R...

Page 850: ...e size 24 MPLS EXP field 7 shape command 5 6 10 4 shaped UBR PVCs 13 14 5 shaping percentage 8 shaping traffic atm pxf queuing and shaping 8 bandwidth 10 class based 3 14 comparing shaping and policing 11 Frame Relay 8 hierarchical shaping 4 15 interfaces not supporting shaping 13 overview 2 shaping classes 14 VC level 5 15 verifying traffic shaping 17 short pipe tunneling mode 3 9 show atm class ...

Page 851: ... attaching QoS policies 21 VLAN QoS policies 31 sub pool command 26 sub pool tunnels 19 differentiated services traffic engineering 19 strict QoS guarantees 25 subscriber management server 5 sustained cell rate 15 13 system limits class maps 2 link fragmentation and interleaving 4 policy maps 2 4 T tag control information field 10 tag interface 5 6 tail drop 8 3 TCP IP traffic weighted random earl...

Page 852: ...marking class of service 11 configuring differentiated services code point 24 interfaces not supporting marking 20 interfaces supporting marking 20 IP precedence values 4 MPLS marking 15 multiple priority levels 3 QoS group 13 traffic shaping atm pxf queuing and shaping 8 bandwidth 10 class based 3 14 comparing shaping and policing 11 shaping mechanisms 10 Frame Relay 8 5 6 hierarchical shaping 4 ...

Page 853: ...ng default weight 23 changing the weight of 12 27 configuring queue depth 38 configuring weight using class maps 29 maximum VCs on ATM line cards 5 supporting low count 8 verifying oversubscription and weighting 41 weighting configuration examples 38 virtual LAN configuring oversubscription 17 creating VLAN subinterfaces 23 encapsulating 19 interfaces 7 oversubscribing 9 19 queuing outbound traffi...

Page 854: ...om early detection aggregate drop profiles 17 based on ATM cell loss priority 11 based on ATM CLP 31 based on discard class 29 based on discard class 11 based on DSCP 11 26 based on IP precedence 9 11 28 benefits of 13 description of drop modes 13 14 drop profiles 14 drop profiles on PRE3 16 how WRED works 13 queue limit 20 random detect command usage guidelines 18 restrictions for WRED 23 support...

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