Serial Number 1646
47
Conditions for passing:
The student
is able to correct improper approach, high leveling out, ballooning, and rebound
on his own.
4.8
Lesson 8: Safety landing practice
Training methodology:
The instructor
practices approach to suitably selected area, with engine operating. The instructor assesses student’s
selection of area for landing, and performance of the maneuver by the student. During this practice, it is allowed to
review the area, having assessed the slope and obstacles in the vicinity, from at least 20m AGL.
The student
, on
instructor’s request, selects area for landing and performs approach, without completing the landing; on instructor’s
signal, the student increases throttle and interrupts the maneuver at safe altitude.
Conditions for passing:
The student
is able to select area suitable for landing, review the area safely, and plan the
landing using engine power.
4.9
Lesson 9: Emergency landing practice
Flight level is 1000ft / 300m AGL – 1600ft / 500m AGL.
Training methodology:
The instructor
reduces engine power to idle between 2
nd
and 4
th
traffic pattern turn. Approach must end on the runway
without further use of engine power.
The student
, with engine idling or switched off, performs approach to 1/3 of
runway length, and full landing, The instructor does not signal the time of reducing engine power to idle beforehand.
At
least three last landings from minimum of 15 emergency landings must be performed with engine switched off.
The instructor is responsible for safe performance of this exercise, taking into account the altitude, position of aircraft in
traffic pattern, wind speed and direction, and other operating conditions.
Having mastered emergency landing at an airfield, the instructor and the student leave the airfield and enter free area,
where the instructor reduces engine power to idle; the instructor does not signal the time of reducing engine power to
idle beforehand, and the student must select area for landing, plan the landing, and perform approach onto selected area,
without performing actual landing.
The instructor must interrupt this Lesson at 50m AGL, not lower.
Conditions for passing:
The student
is able to plan the landing on assigned section of runway without use of engine
power. He is able to fly safely, plan the landing, and land with engine off. He is able to use glissade to correct landing
approach. In the free area, the student is able to select area suitable for landing, and plan the landing correctly.
4.10
Lesson 10: Landing with crosswind
Training methodology:
The instructor
practices landing with crosswind, up to the limit defined in aircraft manual. The instructor focuses on
compensating the drift. When the student learns to maintain the axis of descent, the instructor adds slight rudder
deflection in the end of rounding out phase, so that the aircraft lands parallel to runway axis. The instructor explains to
the student the amount of deflection of aircraft axis from runway axis depending on crosswind speed.
The student
practices compensation of drift during descent, rounding out, after touchdown, and during landing run.
Conditions for passing:
The student
is able to maintain the axis of descent in crosswind, including compensation of
drift during rounding out, after touchdown, and during landing run.
4.11
Lesson 12: Check before first solo flight
Training methodology:
The instructor
performs check flight with the student, focusing on his ability to control the aircraft in all flight regimes.
Special attention must be paid to take-off, gaining speed, adherence to flight speed limits, performing turns, flight at
lower speeds, correct estimate for landing, correct and complete rounding out, and managing the landing run and
stopping. During a check flight, the instructor re-checks student’s responses to an engine failure. The student will pass
the presolo exam administered by the instructor and all appropriate endorsements will be completed
Before this first solo flight, the instructor will discuss with the student all differences between dual and solo, especially
lower weight and apparent higher available engine power, notably changing aircraft’s performance during take-off and
climb, and also is markedly different on approach with longer hold-off, and lower stall speed. The instructor will also
instruct the student how to handle possible engine failure during all phases of traffic pattern flight.
If the student shows
any signs of stress and/or nervousness, the instructor must add a dual flight.
Student’s uncertainty usually results
from incomplete mastering of certain piloting skill.
First solo is only allowed on the aircraft on which the student
trained.
4.12
Lesson 13: Solo traffic pattern flight
Training methodology:
Having passed the check flight, the
student flies
a traffic pattern according to instructor’s directions; the instructor
