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Page 7 

2

 

Operation 

This section describes the main features of the Diagnostic SpaceWire Interface.  

The Diagnostic SpaceWire Interface (DSI) is a high-performance Ethernet-to-SpaceWire Bridge that can relay 
traffic from a single TCP/IP Ethernet connection to up to eight concurrently-operating bidirectional SpaceWire 
ports. 

The DSI may be purchased with firmware that supports fewer than the eight SpaceWire connectors on the RG408 
hardware platform. In this case, only the lowest-numbered SpaceWire connectors are 

usable - e.g. ports 1 and 2 for 2-port firmware and ports 1-4 for 4-port firmware. The remaining ports are 
disabled. Firmware upgrades to enable further ports are available from 4Links Limited. 

2.1

 

General 

The DSI is connected to an Ethernet network and passively waits for a connection from a host computer. It is 
identified by an IP address that is used by the host computer to make this connection. 

The connection is made using a TCP socket, which is flow-controlled and is capable of recovering from errors that 
might occur on the network between the user and the EtherSpaceLink unit. 

Upon making the connection, the DSI is set to a known state with the SpaceWire links disabled, the 

link speed set to 10Mb/s and all the options reset. The user program must enable the SpaceWire links before data 
can be sent or received. Once enabled, data is transferred, transparently, from the 

SpaceWire link to the application program on the host, and also from the program to the SpaceWire link. 

There is no limitation on the size of packet transfers in each direction - not even as a result of finite buffer sizes. 
The user has complete control over the SpaceWire packet content and structure; a packet may be sent or 
received in segments. 

The host program can also control the transmission speed of the SpaceWire links. The transmit speed can be 
changed at any time, including in the middle of a packet. Speed changes are transparent and do not require link 
disconnection. In accordance with the standard, the SpaceWire links always start at 10Mb/s and then, when the 
link(s) are established, they may be changed to the user-selected speed. All of the links on the DSI run at the same 
user-selected speed, except for any that are selected to remain at the initial 10Mb/s rate. 

Disconnection of the user’s program from the DSI results in the SpaceWire links being disabled and all of the DSI 
options being reset. 

The DSI can therefore be seen as a transparent interface - when the user program activates theSpaceWire links, 
they can connect to the target SpaceWire network, and when the user program is stopped, the SpaceWire links 
disconnect. 

The Diagnostic SpaceWire Interface may be operated in three ways: 

Summary of Contents for Diagnostic SpaceWire Interface

Page 1: ...Page 1 User Manual for the 4Links Diagnostic SpaceWire Interface Version 5 ...

Page 2: ...ropean Union and in the United States of America The name SpaceWire was originated by the European Space Agency whose rights are acknowledged and 4Links makes no claim to the word SpaceWire being a 4Links trademark The information supplied in this document is believed to be accurate at the date of issue 4Links reserves the right to change specifications or to discontinue products without notice 4L...

Page 3: ...ags 10 2 4 5 SO Synchronized Outputs 10 2 4 6 CO Controlled Outputs 10 2 4 7 OD and OE Output Disable and Output Enable 10 2 5 Front Panel Display 11 2 5 1 Ethernet Information 11 2 5 2 SpaceWire Information 11 2 5 3 Communication Protocol 11 2 6 Programming API 12 3 Specification 13 3 1 SpaceWire Links 13 3 1 1 SpaceWire Receive Performance 13 3 1 2 SpaceWire Transmit Performance 13 3 1 3 SpaceWi...

Page 4: ...ronisation 23 6 3 Health Display 23 7 DSI Option Details 25 8 Option ER Event Error Reporting 25 9 Option TT Time Tags 25 10 Option EI Event Error Injection 26 11 Option EW Event Error Waveforms 27 11 1 1 SpWIO Event Waveform Defaults 30 11 1 2 SpWIO Event Waveform Examples 30 12 Option SO Synchronised Outputs 31 13 Option CO Controlled Outputs 33 14 Option OD and OE Output Disable and Output Enab...

Page 5: ...t Performance in large networks 42 17 7 Waveform capture offset from event 42 18 Regulatory information 43 18 1 EU 43 18 2 USA 43 18 3 Waste Disposal 43 18 4 Restriction of Hazardous Substances 43 19 FMECA 43 20 Electrical Mechanical Characteristics 43 20 1 Physical 43 20 2 Environment 44 20 3 Power Supply 44 20 3 1 Power Consumption 44 20 3 2 Grounding for Electrical Safety 44 20 3 3 Fuse Protect...

Page 6: ... Attaching this to the Internet allows world scale connections Ethernet and TCP IP provide a standard interface mechanism that is supported by all major operating systems so no additional software drivers are required The basic DSI RG408 unit provides data transfers and may be extended with options to provide for time codes event reporting waveform capture and time tags Most options can be added a...

Page 7: ...t The user program must enable the SpaceWire links before data can be sent or received Once enabled data is transferred transparently from the SpaceWire link to the application program on the host and also from the program to the SpaceWire link There is no limitation on the size of packet transfers in each direction not even as a result of finite buffer sizes The user has complete control over the...

Page 8: ...e SpWIO program a SpaceWire packet may be sent from the host computer to the DSI s SpaceWire port 1 from where it flows through the loop back cable and back to port 1 From there it will be returned to the host computer displayed and recorded Here we can see that a 4 byte EOP terminated packet was transmitted to port 1 of the DSI and a 4 byte packet was then received from port 1 Further examples in...

Page 9: ... triggered on a wide variety of events on that and or other ports It is possible for example to capture wire signals for all ports after a trigger signal on one port Triggers include all error conditions received data lifting of the synchronised outputs barrier signals on the external SMA connectors and user inserted flags in the transmit data stream 2 4 3 EI Event Error Injection SpaceWire tokens...

Page 10: ...tarted at the same time as another finishes From a single DSI output synchronization is to within 2 ns Multiple units can be linked so that their outputs are synchronized between units as well as within 2 4 6 CO Controlled Outputs It is possible to synchronise the transmission of any character in the transmit stream to an external clock transition by using the CO option Low to high transitions on ...

Page 11: ...t activity is indicated 2 5 3 Communication Protocol 4Links EtherSpaceLink units provide access to a SpaceWire network from computers on a conventional TCP IP Ethernet network TCP IP is used over Ethernet to provide an error checked guaranteed delivery system even through noise or the intervening network failing and being restored for example a cable being removed and reconnected In many circumsta...

Page 12: ...e to be restarted Similarly a failure of the computer will leave the EtherSpaceLink unit waiting for a connection restoration that is not possible and in this case the EtherSpaceLink unit must be reset by cycling power or by removing and re inserting the removable memory card on its front panel 2 6 Programming API User programs communicate with the TCP socket via an Application Programming Interfa...

Page 13: ...s the SpaceWire standard link start up speed of 10Mb s A wide range of user selected transmit speeds is available from 1Mb s up to 400Mb s with an increment of 1Mb s or less dependent on the speed range as shown in the following table Lower speed Mbps Increment Mbps Higher speed Mbps 40 0 1 0 400 4 0 0 1 39 9 1 0 0 01 3 99 3 1 3 SpaceWire Connectors Eight standard 9 way Micro miniature D type Spac...

Page 14: ...ule situated on the front panel supports 1000Mb s 1000BaseT or 100Mb s 100BaseT full duplex Ethernet connections over twisted pair cable The interface has an auto crossover function allowing direct connection of the EtherSpaceLink unit to a computer or to an Ethernet hub or switch using either a standard or a crossover cable 3 2 1 ICMP Echo ping Support The DSI will respond to an ICMP echo request...

Page 15: ...h upwards or downwards once to view the serial number of a running unit 3 4 1 The Unit Serial Number and its relation to the Ethernet MAC address 4Links EtherSpaceLink unit serial numbers are of the form Annn e g A202 The least significant bits of the Ethernet Media Access Control MAC address of a unit are directly related to its serial number Serial numbers MAC address A1 to A4095 00 50 C2 21 20 ...

Page 16: ...connected consideration should be given to the use of sacrificial connectors or an external router such as the 4Links Flexible SpaceWire Router 3 4 4 RG Platform Firmware Firmware for the 4Links RG platform products is supplied on CompactFlash memory cards These cards may be hot swapped i e plugged and unplugged from a live unit RG Platform units boot from an installed memory card when they are po...

Page 17: ...ation leading after a few seconds to a normal operational display FIGURE 5 1 THE RG408 POWER UP DISPLAY FPGA board containing Ethernet TCP IP interface SpaceWire Link interfaces Transmit and receive buffers RJ45 Ethernet SFP module 8 SpW ports micro D Power Supply 22 50V DC Synchronisation SMA connectors System Status Thermal health System Controller microcontroller Configuration data CF Card User...

Page 18: ...is present but the Ethernet cable is not connected L The Ethernet is connected and the DSI is listening for a connection C The Ethernet is connected to a user program Ethernet Activity note that Ethernet activity that is not related directly to SpaceWire traffic may be reported e g broadcasts from other devices on the Ethernet R Data is being received from Ethernet T Data is being transmitted to E...

Page 19: ...m visible to the human eye Some common SpaceWire conditions may be easily recognised e g NX nulls and timeouts will be seen coming from a link that is trying but failing to establish a connection N is shown continuously for an established but idle connection etc Transmit link speed Receive link speed if connected The above display shows that two of the SpaceWire links are connected at 100Mb s that...

Page 20: ...e effect of moving the switch upwards top line left side or downwards bottom line left side After pushing the switch down we see for DSI serial number A260 with all options that its clock is not yet synchronised to other EtherSpaceLink units that it is connected to a 100Mb s Ethernet and that no user program is connected to it FIGURE 6 1 THE DSI SERIAL NUMBER AND CONFIGURATION DISPLAY The chart be...

Page 21: ...witch in either direction shows the configuration display and pushing it again in the same direction will return to the main status display Selecting the Settings display with two operations of the switch in opposite directions and doing nothing will result in all the settings being displayed in turn and then the display will return to its normal status display mode Selecting the Settings display ...

Page 22: ...IP address is to be set statically Each set of three digits holds the value of a byte and thus may only be set between 0 and 255 attempts to set the values 256 to 299 will cycle digits within that byte and selecting next digit will not move to the next byte until the value is within range ...

Page 23: ... isolated and generate time tags locally For further details see section 15 Unit to Unit Time Tag Synchronisation FIGURE 6 6 THE TIME SYNCHRONISATION DISPLAY 6 3 Health Display The Health Display provides a frequently updated view of the important temperatures and voltages in this EtherSpaceLink unit It is possible to toggle the fan between an automatic mode when it operates as necessary and a per...

Page 24: ...Page 24 ...

Page 25: ...poses In the case of error events further action may be taken if the EI Error Injection option is also installed Events reported by this option are when Time codes are received Flow control tokens are received ECSS errors ESC ESC ESC EOP ESC EEP Timeout Parity error are received We suggest that familiarisation with this feature is gained with the SpWIO program before using it from a C program 9 Op...

Page 26: ...with this feature is gained with the SpWIO program before using it from a C program 10 Option EI Event Error Injection This option allows errors to be introduced into a data stream in a controlled manner by extending the character set to include bytes representing Parity error ESC EOP ESC EEP ESC ESC Idle periods that may be set to exceed the SpaceWire disconnect timeout period Link behaviour may ...

Page 27: ...tops recording and makes the waveforms available after it is triggered by an event The EW option can also output a pulse on one of the rear mounted SMA connectors in response to a trigger FIGURE 11 1 AN ERROR WAVEFORM SHOWS A PARITY ERROR AND THEN THE LINK TIMES OUT Figure 11 1 shows an error waveform that was triggered by a parity error being observed on port 1 of a DSI The erroneous parity bit i...

Page 28: ...veform option is shown in Figure 11 2 FIGURE 11 2 OPTION EW TRIGGERING WAVEFORM CAPTURE AND EXTERNAL SIGNALS Selected events on the SpaceWire ports as well as trigger inputs on the rear mounted SMA connectors and the lifting of the Synchronised Outputs barrier create triggers that may be used by eight waveform recorders and an SMA pulse generator Notice that the SMA connectors are only installed o...

Page 29: ...line parameter to the SpWIO program or using the EtherSpaceLink_EW_source C language API function See the respective SpWIO or C language Application Programming Interface manual for details The trigger selections for the waveform recorder and pulse generator modules are thus Multiple SpWIO es flags may be combined for any recorder or pulse generator The individual SpaceWire port event triggers tha...

Page 30: ...ers have the following effects ew t Create event triggers when SpaceWire time codes are seen on SpaceWire ports 1 8 and delete any previous events ew t Create additional event triggers when SpaceWire time codes are seen on SpaceWire ports 1 8 leaving any previous event triggers unchanged ew t Remove event triggers when SpaceWire time codes are seen on SpaceWire ports 1 8 if they were enabled previ...

Page 31: ...ion of a SpaceWire link One or several or all ports may be synchronised each with its own delay We use the techniques developed by 4Links for low zero jitter time codes to synchronize a bit edge to the same clock edge across all of the ports involved The skew between ports is factored out by the DSI and is well below 1 ns The synchronization technique holds the D and S lines of the SpaceWire link ...

Page 32: ... suggest that familiarisation with this feature is gained with the SpWIO program before using it from a C program There are further examples in the SpWIO manual The following example of Synchronized Outputs was run on a DSI with ports 1 and 3 connected to ports 2 and 7 respectively of a 4Links Multi link SpaceWire Recorder MSR unit using cables approximately 0 5m long SpaceWire loopback connectors...

Page 33: ...ove 13 Option CO Controlled Outputs Using the CO option it is possible to synchronise the transmission of any character in the transmit stream to an external clock transition Low to high transitions on the rear mounted SMA connector pair J1 J2 permit the transmission of traffic beyond each HOLD character that is inserted into the transmission stream The high logic threshold is approximately 1V See...

Page 34: ...sable all of its SpaceWire output signals in response to an input logic signal on one of its rear panel SMA connector pairs In conjunction with monitoring hardware or software that detects anomalies within a wider EGSE these options can be used to provide further protection to delicate or valuable SpaceWire hardware The Output Disable option OD responds to a high level input signal on SMA connecto...

Page 35: ...clocks This allows synchronised outputs across multiple boxes and time tags to be the same across multiple units The hardware option S is required to provide the necessary SMA connectors on each unit that will be synchronised e g DSI RG408 MS Units are synchronised with a daisy chain cable between them using rear panel SMA connectors J7 and J8 These connectors are grouped in pairs J1 J2 J3 J4 J5 J...

Page 36: ...set as such by using the switch on the front panel Pushing the front panel switch up and down or down and up followed by up produces a synchronisation status screen See section 6 1 IP address Settings that can then be selected by pushing the switch down are Synchronise to an external time reference when available default Isolated times are local even if a reference is available Act as a time refer...

Page 37: ...ndicates what this unit is synchronised to e g Synchronised to 192 168 3 96 I indicates that the unit is isolated and therefore that time tags are independent of any reference A rotating clock indicates that this unit is acting as the time reference FIGURE 15 3 INDICATION OF THE TIME SYNCHRONISATION STATUS In the case illustrated in figure 15 3 the top line of the normal status display shows SL wh...

Page 38: ...structions waveform jar A Java based analysis tool that interprets the Event Waveform files that are generated by the SpWIO program when an event error waveform is triggered ProtocolRx_RMAP class Java plug ins that the SpWIO program uses to interpret the SpaceWire RMAP protocol ProtocolTx_RMAP class EtherSpaceLink h Declarations of the API procedures for inclusion in the source code of user progra...

Page 39: ...s of waveform data are embedded in the EtherSpaceLink protocol stream at the points where events were detected by the DSI When the SpWIO program is run a pop up graphical window will show each waveform as it is encountered This window shows the time tag of the event that triggered the waveform capture an indication of the type of event and the time scale of the recording The time scale of a displa...

Page 40: ...tempting to connect from the host computer to the IP address of the correct DSI unit Run a ping test to make sure that your host computer can talk to the DSI unit Look at the front panel display of the DSI unit to confirm that the IP address shown is the one that you are expecting to use Check all of the digits very carefully Check your network configuration to make sure that there is a viable IP ...

Page 41: ...ll show 3S for each of the active ports There is a small chance that your SpaceWire cable is broken Alternatively one of the connectors may be damaged or not be seated properly or the cable may not be connected to the correct port on the DSI unit Use the 4Links SpWIO program to connect to the device under test manually before trying your API program 17 3My SpaceWire link s are disconnecting unexpe...

Page 42: ...threaded API application the synchronisation of information between the SpaceWire receive thread and the SpaceWire transmit thread might have been programmed incorrectly and thus has livelocked or deadlocked Turn on logging using EtherSpaceLink_set_log_file and see what was transmitted last in each direction on each SpaceWire link If you have a 4Links Multi link SpaceWire Recorder now would be a g...

Page 43: ...l and electronic products must be disposed of in accordance with local laws 18 4Restriction of Hazardous Substances This product has been classified as Monitoring and Control equipment and is outside the scope of the EU Directive 2002 95 EC on the restriction of the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment 19 FMECA Subject to having a non disclosure agreement NDA ...

Page 44: ...l ground must not exceed 50 V A 1 2MΩ resistor is fitted internally to prevent the build up of a static potential difference between the power input and the case Note This input has limited surge protection and must be connected to a surge free supply The AC DC adapter supplied with the unit contains surge protection at its mains voltage input and should be used where surge protection is required ...

Page 45: ...it with a 24 V 25 W output 20 3 4Power Connector Power is supplied using a rear panel mounted 5 way 240 DIN connector with a screw locking mechanism The connector type is a Binder 680 series 5 pin 240 chassis plug A compatible mating connector is Binder part number 09 0314 00 05 20 4SpaceWire Connector Pinouts Standard 9 way Micro miniature D type SpaceWire socket connectors are mounted on the fro...

Page 46: ...The female Din and Sin contacts provide inputs to the router the female Dout and Sout contacts carry output signals from the router 4 Output Sout 5 Output Dout 6 Input Din 7 Input Sin 8 Input Sout 9 Input Dout ...

Page 47: ...roller which is used to drive the front panel display and to re boot the unit from a valid memory card 21 1Removing all information from a Unit The procedure for removing all information and functionality from a unit is Use the front panel switch to set the IP address to 0 0 0 0 Remove the memory card Remove power from the unit No user dependant value or data now resides in the unit 21 2Security N...

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