Solar System Design Guide
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Calculating Solar Elevation Height
Solar elevation height can be easily calculated using the
formulas below and the latitude for the location
(see tables attached below):
U.S.A
State Capitals
Latitude (ºN)
Longitude (ºW)
U.S.A
State Capitals
Latitude (ºN)
Longitude (ºW)
Montgomery, AL
32.3
-86.4
Helena, MT
46.6
-112.0
Juneau, AK
58.4
-134.6
Lincoln, NE
40.8
-96.8
Phoenix, AZ
33.4
-112.0
Carson City, NV
39.5
-119.8
Little Rock, AR
34.8
-92.2
Concord, NH
43.2
-71.5
Sacramento, CA
38.5
-121.5
Trenton, NJ
40.3
-74.8
Denver, CO
39.8
-104.7
Santa Fe, NM
35.7
-106.0
Hartford, CT
41.9
-72.7
Albany, NY
42.8
-73.8
Dover, DE
39.1
-75.5
Raleigh, NC
35.9
-78.8
Tallahassee, FL
30.4
-84.4
Bismarck, ND
46.8
-100.8
Atlanta, GA
33.6
-84.4
Columbus, OH
40.0
-82.9
Honolulu, HI
21.3
-157.9
Oklahoma City, OK
35.4
-97.6
Boise, ID
43.6
-116.2
Salem, OR
44.9
-123.0
Springfield, IL
39.9
-89.7
Harrisburg, PA
40.2
-76.9
Indianapolis, IN
39.7
-86.3
Providence, RI
41.7
-71.4
Des Moines, IA
41.5
-93.7
Columbia, SC
33.9
-81.1
Topeka, KS
39.1
-95.6
Pierre, SD
44.4
-100.3
Frankfort, KY
38.2
-84.9
Nashville, TN
36.1
-86.7
Baton Rouge, LA
30.5
-91.2
Austin, TX
30.2
-97.7
Augusta, ME
44.3
-69.8
Salt Lake City, UT
40.8
-112.0
Annapolis, MD
38.9
-76.4
Montpelier, VT
44.2
-72.6
Boston, MA
42.4
-71.0
Richmond, VA
37.5
-77.3
Lansing, MI
42.8
-84.6
Olympia, WA
47.0
-122.9
Saint Paul, MN
44.9
-93.1
Charleston, WV
38.4
-81.6
Jackson, MS
32.3
-90.1
Madison, WI
43.1
-89.4
Jefferson City. MO
38.6
-92.2
Cheyenne, WY
41.2
-104.8
Canadian
Provincial Capitals
Latitude (ºN)
Longitude (ºW)
Edmonton, AB
53.3
-113.6
Victoria, BC
48.7
-123.4
Charlottetown, PEI
46.3
-63.1
Winnipeg, MB
49.9
-97.2
Fredericton, NB
45.9
-66.5
Halifax, NS
44.9
-63.5
Toronto, ON
43.7
-79.6
Quebec City, QC
46.8
-71.4
Regina, SK
50.4
-104.7
St. Johns, NL
47.6
-52.7
Iqualuit, NU
63.8
-68.3
Whitehorse, YT
60.7
-135.1
Yellowknife, NT
62.5
-114.4
Legend
A
Summer Solstice (Jun 21)
B
Spring Equinox (Mar 20)
B
Fall Equinox (Sept 23)
C
Winter Solstice (Dec 21)
Summer Solstice = 90° - La 23.45°
Spring Equinox = 90° - La 0°
Fall Equinox = 90° - La 0°
Winter Solstice = 90° - Latitude - 23.45°
Sun Angles
Design Information