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LEA-6 / NEO-6 - Hardware Integration Manual 

GPS.G6-HW-09007-A 

Preliminary 

Product handling 

 

 

Page 43 of 62

 

3.3.5

 

Electrical Overstress (EOS) 

Electrical Overstress (EOS) usually describes situations when the maximum input power exceeds the maximum 
specified ratings. EOS failure can happen if RF emitters are close to a GPS receiver or its antenna. EOS causes 
damage to the chip structures. 
If the RF_IN is damaged by EOS, it’s hard to determine whether the chip structures have been damaged by ESD 
or EOS. 

3.3.6

 

EOS protection measures 

EOS protection measures as shown in Figure 34 are recommended for any designs combining wireless 
communication transceivers (e.g. GSM, GPRS) and GPS in the same design or in close proximity. 
 
 

Small passive antennas 

(<2 dBic and performance 
critical)

 

Passive antennas 

(>2 dBic or 

performance sufficient)

 

Active Antennas 

(without internal filter 

which need the module antenna supervisor 
circuits)

 

D 

RF

_

IN

G

P

S

R

ec

ei

ver

LNA

GPS

Bandpass

Filtler

 

E 

RF

_

IN

G

P

S

R

ec

ei

ver

L

GPS

Bandpass

Filtler

 

F

 

RF

_

IN

G

P

S

R

ec

ei

ver

L

GPS

Bandpass

Filtler

C

C

L

L

 

LNA with appropriate ESD 
rating and maximum input 
power 

GPS Bandpass Filter: SAW or 
Ceramic with low insertion loss 
and appropriate ESD rating 

 

Figure 34: EOS and ESD Precautions 

3.3.7

 

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) 

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) is the addition or coupling of energy released from any RF emitting device. 
This can cause a spontaneous reset of the GPS receiver or result in unstable performance. Any unshielded line or 
segment (>3mm) connected to the GPS receiver can effectively act as antenna and lead to EMI disturbances or 
damage. 
The following elements are critical regarding EMI: 

•

 

Unshielded connectors (e.g. pin rows etc.) 

•

 

Weakly shielded lines on PCB (e.g. on top or bottom layer and especially at the border of a PCB) 

•

 

Weak GND concept (e.g. small and/or long ground line connections)  

EMI protection measures are recommended when RF emitting devices are near the GPS receiver. To minimize the 
effect of EMI a robust grounding concept is essential. To achieve electromagnetic robustness follow the standard 
EMI suppression techniques. 
http://www.murata.com/products/emc/knowhow/index.html 
http://www.murata.com/products/emc/knowhow/pdf/4to5e.pdf 
Improved EMI protection can be achieved by inserting a resistor or better yet a ferrite bead (BLM15HD102SN1) 
into any unshielded PCB lines connected to the GPS receiver. Place the resistor as close as possible to the GPS 
receiver pin.  

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Содержание LEA-6 series

Страница 1: ...ct easy to integrate stand alone GPS receiver modules combine exceptional GPS performance with highly flexible power design and connectivity options Their compact form factors and SMT pads allow fully...

Страница 2: ...FLASH version LEA 6H All FW6 02 LEA 6S All ROM6 02 LEA 6A All ROM6 02 LEA 6T All ROM6 02 LEA 6R All FW DR 1 0 NEO 6G All ROM6 02 NEO 6Q All ROM6 02 NEO 6M All ROM6 02 This document and the use of any...

Страница 3: ...ox 6 based GPS receiver modules For navigating this document please note the following This manual has a modular structure It is not necessary to read it from the beginning to the end To help in findi...

Страница 4: ...email addresses rather than any personal email address of our staff This makes sure that your request is processed as soon as possible You will find the contact details at the end of the document Help...

Страница 5: ...6 14 1 7 I O pins 17 1 7 1 RESET_N 17 1 7 2 EXTINT0 17 1 7 3 AADET_N LEA 6 17 1 7 4 Configuration pins LEA 6S 6A NEO 6 17 2 Design in 18 2 1 Design in checklist 18 2 1 1 Layout design in checklist 18...

Страница 6: ...nding metal covers 41 3 2 12 Use of ultrasonic processes 41 3 3 EOS ESD EMI Precautions 41 3 3 1 Abbreviations 41 3 3 2 Electrostatic discharge ESD 41 3 3 3 ESD handling precautions 41 3 3 4 ESD prote...

Страница 7: ...1 Migration from LEA 4 to LEA 6 52 B 4 2 Migration from LEA 5 to LEA 6 54 B 5 Migration of NEO modules 54 B 5 1 Migration from NEO 4S to NEO 6 54 B 5 2 Migration from NEO 5 to NEO 6 55 C Interface Bac...

Страница 8: ...ser or third parties or that could cause damage to goods 1 2 Architecture LEA 6 and NEO 6 modules consist of two functional parts the RF and the Baseband sections See Figure 1 and Figure 2 for block d...

Страница 9: ...charge the internal capacitors in the core domain In certain situations this can result in a significant current draw For low power applications using Power Save and backup modes it is important that...

Страница 10: ...ill be achieved when A valid GPS position is fixed Almanac is entirely downloaded Ephemeris for all satellites in view are valid 1 3 2 2 Eco mode In Eco mode u blox 6 receivers use the acquisition eng...

Страница 11: ...ions that allow the operation of the embedded processor and associated peripherals to be supervised These System Monitoring functions are output as part of the UBX protocol class MON Please refer to t...

Страница 12: ...peed driver impedance of 28 44 Ohms A value of 22 Ohms is recommended R11 Resistor 10k R is recommended for USB self powered setup For bus powered setup R11 can be ignored Table 1 Summary of USB exter...

Страница 13: ...ory used by external host see data sheet for exact pin orientation Note that the case shown on Figure 5 is different than the case when EEPROM is present but used by external host CPU as indicated on...

Страница 14: ...LEON G100 G200 wireless modules from version LEON G100 G200 05S and above With u blox 6 when reading the DDC internal register at address 0xFF messages transmit buffer the master must not set the read...

Страница 15: ...PS receiver to a host master The signal on the pins must meet the conditions specified in the Data Sheet u blox GPS Receiver SPI Master SS_N MISO SCS_N MI VDD MO MOSI SCK SCK VDD Figure 8 Connecting t...

Страница 16: ...that the GPS receiver starts up with a known defined configuration since the SPI pins MOSI MISO and SCK are at start up also configuration pins Figure 9 Diagram of SPI Pin Configuration Component Desc...

Страница 17: ...ted See chapter 2 5 5 for an implementation example 1 7 4 Configuration pins LEA 6S 6A NEO 6 ROM based modules provide up to 3 pins CFG_COM0 CFG_COM1 CFG_GPS0 for boot time configuration These become...

Страница 18: ...sign in checklist Designing in a u blox 6 module is easy especially when based on a u blox reference design Nonetheless it pays to do a quick sanity check of the design This section lists the most imp...

Страница 19: ...io then check sections 3 3 6 to 3 3 8 For more information dealing with interference issues see the GPS Antenna Application Note 4 Schematic If required does your schematic allow using different modul...

Страница 20: ...o all ground pins of the module Connect the antenna to RF_IN over a matching 50 Ohm micro strip and define the antenna supply V_ANT 6 Choose the required serial communication interface UART USB or DDC...

Страница 21: ...ry optional Micro Processor USB 1 SDA2 SPI_MOSI SCL2 SPI_MISO TxD1 RxD1 NC VCC GND VCC_OUT CFG_COM1 NC SPI_SCS2_N TIMEPULSE2 RESET_N V_BCKP Reserved GND GND RF_IN VCC_RF V_ANT NC FWD NC SPI_SCS1_N NC...

Страница 22: ...to VCC Leave open if not used V_BCKP 11 I Backup voltage supply It s recommended to connect a backup battery to V_BCKP in order to enable Warm and Hot Start features on the receivers Otherwise connec...

Страница 23: ...A 6T TIMEPULSE2 SDA2 SPI_MOSI 1 I O DDC Pins SPI DDC Data Leave open if not used LEA 6R SPI MOSI SCL2 SPI_MISO 2 I O DDC Pins SPI DDC Clock Leave open if not used LEA 6R SPI MISO Reserved 12 I Leave o...

Страница 24: ...Power VCC 23 I Supply Voltage Max allowed ripple on VCC 50mVpp GND 10 12 13 24 I Ground Assure a good GND connection to all GND pins of the module preferably with a large ground plane V_BCKP 22 I Bac...

Страница 25: ...ut This section provides important information for designing a reliable and sensitive GPS system GPS signals at the surface of the Earth are about 15dB below the thermal noise floor Signal loss at the...

Страница 26: ...l 0 6 mm 23 5 mil Figure 17 NEO 6 paste mask The paste mask outline needs to be considered when defining the minimal distance to the next component The exact geometry distances stencil thicknesses and...

Страница 27: ...e sensitive component Avoid high temperature drift and air vents near the receiver Non emitting circuits PCB Digital Analog circuits Non emitting circuits Antenna Digital Part RF Part 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8...

Страница 28: ...nection This part of the circuit MUST be kept as far from potential noise sources as possible Make certain that no signal lines cross and that no signal trace vias appear at the PCB surface within the...

Страница 29: ...1 12 13 14 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 Wrong better best Figure 21 Recommended micro strip routing to RF pin for exact pin orientation see data sheet Do not route the RF connection under...

Страница 30: ...per typically 25 m Figure 23 is an example of a multi layer FR4 board with 18 m ounce cladding and 180 dielectric between layer 1 and 2 Figure 23 Micro strip on a multi layer board Agilent AppCAD Copl...

Страница 31: ...the supply voltage is fed to the antenna through the coaxial RF cable Active antennas require a power supply that will contribute to the total GPS system power consumption budget with additional 5 to...

Страница 32: ...mplifier Active Antenna RF_IN VCC_RF GND GND 10 Figure 25 Recommended wiring for active antennas for exact pin orientation see data sheet For optimal performance it is important to place the inductor...

Страница 33: ...feature helps to reduce power consumption 2 5 4 1 Short circuit protection If a reasonably dimensioned series resistor R_BIAS is placed in front of pin V_ANT a short circuit situation can be detected...

Страница 34: ...if required The active antenna supervisor provides the means to check the active antenna for open and short circuits and to shut the antenna supply off if a short circuit is detected The state diagra...

Страница 35: ...detection variant A for exact pin orientation see data sheet References Value Tolerance Description Remarks R1 10 5 Resistor min 0 063 W R2 560 5 Resistor R3 100 k 5 Resistor u1 LT6000 Rail to Rail Op...

Страница 36: ...00 Ferrite Bead e g Murata BLM18HD601SN1 R1 15 10 Resistor min 0 063 W R2 10 10 Resistor min 0 250 W R3 R4 10 k 10 Resistor min 0 063 W R5 33 k 10 Resistor min 0 063 W T1 T2 PNP Transistor BC856B e g...

Страница 37: ...CFG ANT message For further information refer to the u blox 6 Receiver Description including Protocol Specification 3 Similar to the antenna supervisor configuration the status of the antenna supervi...

Страница 38: ...ommendations in section 2 4 1 The quality of the solder joints on the connectors half vias should meet the appropriate IPC specification 3 2 2 Reflow soldering A convection type soldering oven is stro...

Страница 39: ...oldering The final soldering temperature chosen at the factory depends on additional external factors like choice of soldering paste size thickness and properties of the base board etc Exceeding the m...

Страница 40: ...logy SMT devices require wave soldering to solder the THT components Only a single wave soldering process is encouraged for boards populated with u blox 6 modules 3 2 7 Hand soldering Hand soldering i...

Страница 41: ...ress damage during production or in the field it is essential to observe strict EOS ESD EMI handling and protection measures To prevent overstress damage at the RF_IN of your receiver never exceed the...

Страница 42: ...ring RF connectors and patch antennas to the receiver s RF pin make sure to use an ESD safe soldering iron tip Failure to observe these precautions can result in severe damage to the GPS receiver 3 3...

Страница 43: ...low insertion loss and appropriate ESD rating Figure 34 EOS and ESD Precautions 3 3 7 Electromagnetic interference EMI Electromagnetic interference EMI is the addition or coupling of energy released...

Страница 44: ...ful placement of the antennas but this isn t sufficient In such applications an additional input filter is needed on the GPS side to block the high energy emitted by the GSM transmitter Examples of th...

Страница 45: ...er see Figure 38 The main sources are wireless communication systems such as GSM CDMA WCDMA WiFi BT etc 0 500 1000 1500 2000 GPS input filter characteristics 0 110 0 500 1500 2000 Frequency M Hz GSM 9...

Страница 46: ...ced to unbalanced operation Insertion Loss Bandwith and BW over temperatur Electrostatic Sensitive Device ESD MM CTS CER0032A 3 3 6 4 2x4 0x2 0 mm 8kV ESD HBM LNA Avago ALM 1106 ALM 1412 ALM 1712 ALM...

Страница 47: ...r each unit The following measurements are done Digital self test Software Download verification of FLASH firmware etc Measurement of voltages and currents Measurement of RF characteristics e g C No F...

Страница 48: ...e the power level in a way that the Golden Device would report a C No ratio of 38 40 dBHz 3 Power up the DUT Device Under Test and allow enough time for the acquisition 4 Read the C No value from the...

Страница 49: ...procedure Nevertheless there are some points to be considered during the migration Not all of the functionalities available with ANTARIS 4 are supported by u blox 6 These include RTCM UTM B 1 Checklis...

Страница 50: ...between the power modes Max Performance mode and Eco mode For more information on u blox6 Power supply specifications and power modes see the LEA 6 Data Sheet 1 and NEO 6 Data Sheet 2 If you use an ac...

Страница 51: ...CFG RXM N A Contrary to ANTARIS 4 u blox6 does not need selecting GPS acquisition sensitivity mode Fast Normal High Sens and Auto mode since the acquisition engine is powerful enough to search all sat...

Страница 52: ...rs etc Placing a filter or other source of resistance at Vcc can create significantly longer acquisition times B 3 2 Hardware Migration u blox 5 u blox 6 Check the pins RxD1 and EXTINT0 regarding the...

Страница 53: ...INT0 NC EXTINT0 NC 28 TIMEPULSE VDDIO level I O TIMEPULSE Output Table 14 Pin out comparison LEA 4H LEA 4P LEA 4T vs LEA 6H LEA 6T Pin LEA 4A LEA 4S LEA 6A LEA 6S Remarks for Migration Pin Name Typica...

Страница 54: ...6 See also the migration Table in the u blox 5 Hardware Integration Manual For u blox6 the Input Voltage thresholds on the pins RXD1 and EXTINT0 have changed The Safeboot functionality is inverted com...

Страница 55: ...d NC SDA2 NC 19 Reserved NC SCL2 NC 20 TXD1 VDDIO level I O TxD1 Output 21 RXD1 VDDIO level I O RxD1 Input Leave open if not used 22 V_BAT 1 5 3 6V V_BCKP 1 4 3 6V Wider voltage range but needs more c...

Страница 56: ...CL depend on VDD See the LEA 6 Data Sheet 1 or NEO 6 Data Sheet 2 for the applicable voltage levels DDC Device A DDC Device B VDD SDA SCL GND Rp Rp SDAin SDAout SCL in SDAout SDAin SDAout SCL in SDAou...

Страница 57: ...he receiver assumes the role of a master on the bus and never changes role to slave until the following start up subject to EEPROM presence This process takes place only once at the start up i e the r...

Страница 58: ...two data lines These are identified as follows SCS Slave Chip Select control output from master usually active low SCK Serial Clock control output from master MOSI Master Output Slave Input data outpu...

Страница 59: ...r protocols In the first variant the microcontroller s designated as slave s behave like a normal peripheral device The second variant allows for several masters and allows each microprocessor the pos...

Страница 60: ...d the clock signal from the master synchronizes the data transfer between the master and slave devices Slave devices ignore the SCK signal unless the slave select pin is active low In both the master...

Страница 61: ...6R Integration Considerations Application Note Docu No GPS X 10028 6 u blox 6 Firmware Version 6 02 Release Note Docu No GPS G6 SW 10003 7 LEA 5 Data Sheet Docu No GPS G5 MS5 07026 For regular updates...

Страница 62: ...74 44 E mail info u blox com Technical Support Phone 41 44 722 74 44 E mail support u blox com Asia Australia Pacific u blox Singapore Pte Ltd Phone 65 6734 3811 E mail info_ap u blox com Support supp...

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