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Triconex Trident, Планирование и руководство по установке

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Trident Planning and Installation Guide

Glossary

AI Module

Analog Input Module.

alias

Five-digit number that the system uses in place of a variable name when 
communicating with an external host. The alias is a convention of Modbus, an 
industry-standard protocol adopted by Triconex for use with its communication 
modules. Each alias contains a Modbus message type and the address of the 
variable in the system.

ASIC

Application-specific integrated circuit.

availability

Probability that the controller is operational at some instant of time.

bin

Address range of system aliased variables based on class and type combinations. 
For example, all Read Only Input Discrete variables are grouped into Bin 2, and all 
Read/Write Memory Integer variables are grouped into Bin 12.

CE Mark

Certification by the European Union which ensures the electro-magnetic 
compatibility of the system with other pieces of electrical/electronic equipment.

channel

Data path from input point to output point. Triple modular redundant (TMR) sys-
tems have three channels.

CSA

Canadian Standards Association, a not-for-profit membership organization which 
develops standards and tests in areas ranging from nuclear power, health care, 
occupational health and safety, housing and construction materials to the electrical, 
electronic and telecommunications fields. CSA certification of a product generates 
consumer confidence in many countries.

configuration

Arrangement of the programmable electronics within a system and the 
combination of programmable and non-programmable equipment within the 
installation.

control system

Governs the operation of plant, machinery or other equipment by producing 
appropriate instructions in response to input signals.

coverage

Probability that a particular class of fault is successfully detected before a system 
failure occurs.

Содержание Trident

Страница 1: ...Trident Version 1 2 Triconex An Invensys Company Planning and Installation Guide ...

Страница 2: ...poration IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation Microsoft Windows and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Modbus is a registered trademark of Modicon Corporation Triconex is a registered trademark of Invensys Systems Inc in the USA and other countries Cause Effect Matrix Programming Language Editor CEMPLE TriStation 1131 and Trident a...

Страница 3: ...ry of Operation 1 Controller Features 2 Fault Tolerance 3 Controller Architecture 4 Main Processor Architecture 5 Bus and Power Distribution 7 Controller Communications 9 Main Processor Module 9 Communication Module 9 Physical Communication Interfaces 10 Communication Protocols 11 Input Output Modules 12 Analog Input Module 12 Analog Output Modules 12 Digital Input Module 13 Digital Output Module ...

Страница 4: ...nalog Input Module 25 Analog Output Module 25 Digital Input Module 25 Digital Output Module 26 Pulse Input Module 26 Solid State Relay Output Module 26 I O Extender Modules 26 Configuration 27 Field Wiring 28 Programming Workstation 28 Programming Languages 28 Environmental Specifications 29 Main Processor Module 30 System Executive 30 Input Output Executive 30 Operation 31 Models 3101 Main Proces...

Страница 5: ...ion Panel 62 Analog Output Modules 69 Model 3481 Analog Output Module 70 Model 3482 High Current Analog Output Module 73 Model 2481 Analog Output Baseplate 76 Digital Input Module 79 Model 3301 Digital Input Module 80 Model 2301 Digital Input Baseplate 83 Digital Output Module 86 Model 3401 Digital Output Module 87 Model 2401 Digital Output Baseplate 90 Model 2402 Digital Output Baseplate 93 Pulse...

Страница 6: ... End Caps 132 Using Slot Covers 132 Using Terminal Covers 132 Typical Weights 133 Environment 134 Controlling the Environmental 134 Allowing for Adequate Cooling 134 Calculating Logic Power 135 Power Connections 136 I O Bus Considerations 139 I O Bus Addressing 140 MP Baseplate Addressing 141 Alarm Wiring 142 Set 1 142 Set 2 142 Installation Procedures 144 Installing the First Baseplate 144 Instal...

Страница 7: ...hecking System Power Sources 165 Output Voter Diagnostics OVD 166 Verifying Spare Modules 166 Chapter 5 Fault and Alarm Indicators 167 Overview 168 Fault and Alarm Indicators 168 Identifying Fault and Alarm Conditions 168 Main Processor Indicators 169 MP Status Indicators 170 MP System Mode Indicators 171 MP Alarm Indicators 172 MP Communication Indicators 173 Communication Module Indicators 174 C...

Страница 8: ...are 199 Appendix A Pin Outs for Cables and Connectors 201 MP Baseplate Connectors 202 Ethernet TriStation Connector 202 Modbus RS 232 RS 485 Serial Connector 202 RS 232 Pin Outs 203 RS 232 Signal Descriptions 203 RS 485 Pin Outs 204 RS 485 Signal Descriptions 204 CM Baseplate Connectors 205 Modbus RS 232 RS 485 Serial Connector 205 RS 232 Pin Outs 206 RS 232 Signal Descriptions 206 RS 485 Pin Outs...

Страница 9: ...onnector for Right Position CMs 221 Appendix B Recommended Parts for Replacement 223 Appendix C Recommended Wiring Methods 225 General Considerations 226 Conduit Shielding 227 Cable Spacing 227 Tray Recommendations 228 Grounding 228 Appendix D Non Incendive Circuit Parameters 229 Appendix E Upgrades and Repairs 231 Appendix F Mounting Panel Drill Template 233 Appendix G EU Declaration of Conformit...

Страница 10: ...x Contents Trident Planning and Installation Guide ...

Страница 11: ...ion Guide Preface This guide provides information for the planning and installation of a Trident system Topics include System description Theory of operation Configuration Installation and maintenance Responding to alarm conditions ...

Страница 12: ...rs Provides pin outs for the standard cables and adapters used with the controller Appendix B Recommended Parts for Replacement Lists the parts recommended by Triconex to replace existing parts and to customize your system Appendix C Recommended Wiring Methods Provides information for proper wiring Appendix D Non Incendive Circuit Parameters Describes the parameters to be used for non incendive co...

Страница 13: ...or page on the Triconex Web site at http www triconex com Requesting Technical Support You can obtain technical support from any regional center and from offices in Irvine California and Houston Texas If you require emergency or immediate response and are not a participant in the System Maintenance Program SMP you may incur a charge After hours technical support is billed at the rate specified in ...

Страница 14: ... involves software obtain the product version number by selecting the About topic from the Help menu Contacting Triconex Technical Support If possible you should contact your regional customer center for assistance If you cannot contact your regional center contact technical support for the type of system you are using either ESD systems or Turbomachinery systems Please include the following infor...

Страница 15: ...t Manager Toll free number 800 325 2134 or Toll number 949 885 3375 E mail ips csc invensys com Training In addition to this documentation Triconex offers in house and on site training For information on available courses please contact your regional customer center ...

Страница 16: ...xvi Training Trident Planning and Installation Guide ...

Страница 17: ... Planning and Installation Guide C H A P T E R 1 Theory of Operation This chapter provides an overview of the Trident controller Topics include Controller Features 2 Fault Tolerance 3 Controller Architecture 4 ...

Страница 18: ...tion directly from the Main Processor MP or from the Communication Module CM Executes applications developed and debugged using TriStation Provides a dedicated co processor which controls the input and output modules to reduce the workload of the MP Each I O module is supported by custom application specific integrated circuits ASICs which scan inputs and perform diagnostics to detect hardware fau...

Страница 19: ...Voting mechanisms qualify and verify all digital inputs and outputs from the field analog inputs are subject to a mid value selection process Because each channel is isolated from the others no single point failure in any channel can pass to another If a hardware failure occurs in one channel the faulty channel is overridden by the other channels Repair consists of removing and replacing the faile...

Страница 20: ... The MPs vote the input data execute the application and send outputs generated by the application to the output modules In addition the controller votes the output data on the output modules as close to the field as possible to detect and compensate for any errors that could occur between the TriBus voting and the final output driven to the field For each I O module the controller can support an ...

Страница 21: ...r voting takes place The TriBus uses a programmable device with direct memory access to synchronize transmit and compare data among the three MPs If a disagreement occurs the signal value found in two of three tables prevails and the third table is corrected accordingly One time differences which result from sample timing variations are distinguished from a pattern of differing data Each MP mainta...

Страница 22: ...r User s Manual The application is stored in flash EPROM and loaded in DRAM for execution The MPs receive power from redundant 24 volts DC power sources If an external power failure occurs all critical retentive data is stored in NVRAM A failure of one power source does not affect controller performance If the controller loses power the application and all critical data are retained indefinitely M...

Страница 23: ...endent serial links operating at 25 megabits per second The TriBus synchronizes the MPs at the beginning of a scan Then each MP sends its data to its upstream and downstream neighbors The TriBus takes the following actions Transfers input diagnostic and communication data Compares data and flags disagreements with the output of the previous scan and program memory An important feature of the Tride...

Страница 24: ...ule slots on the baseplate tie together as one logical slot The right or left position holds the active I O module and the other position holds the hot spare I O module Each field connection on the baseplate extends to both active and hot I O Bus and Power Distribution Diagram 14 I O Modules Maximum 8 I O Modules Maximum Per Column Power Supply 1 Power Supply 2 Interconnect Assembly Communication ...

Страница 25: ...ently from these redundant power sources Controller Communications The controller can communicate directly to TriStation and other devices through the Main Processor Module and the Communication Module Main Processor Module Each MP can provide direct TriStation and Modbus communication Each MP provides One Tristation Ethernet port for downloading an application to the controller and uploading diag...

Страница 26: ...her Trident or Tricon V9 controllers For CM specifications see Chapter 3 System Description For details about protocols applications and other topics concerning Ethernet networks see the Trident Communication Guide Physical Communication Interfaces The following table lists the physical communication interfaces that the MP and CM provide Interface MP CM RS 232 RS 485 Modbus Serial Port 10BaseT Eth...

Страница 27: ... by serial and network ports on the MP and CM Protocol for Serial Ports MP CM Modbus Slave Modbus Master Protocol for Net1 Net2 Ports MP CM TriStation TCP IP Triconex System Access Application TSAA Time Synchronization Time Sync Triconex Peer to Peer Hewlett Packard JetDirect Network Printer Server Data Link Control DLC Logical Link Control LLC ...

Страница 28: ...er periodic manual calibration is not required Special self test circuitry is provided to detect and alarm all stuck at and accuracy fault conditions in less than 500 milliseconds typically This safety feature allows unrestricted operation under a variety of multiple fault scenarios Analog Output Modules AO Module receives three tables of output values one for each channel from the corresponding M...

Страница 29: ...t conditions in less than 500 milliseconds typically This safety feature allows unrestricted operation under a variety of multiple fault scenarios The input diagnostics are specifically designed to monitor devices which hold points in one state for long periods of time The diagnostics ensure complete fault coverage of each input circuit even if the actual state of the input points never changes Di...

Страница 30: ...ures the input frequency independently Special algorithms optimized for accurately measuring the speed of rotating machinery are used to compensate for irregularly spaced teeth on timing gear or for periodic acceleration de acceleration The results are placed into a table of values Each input table is passed to its associated MP using the corresponding I O bus The input table in each MP is transfe...

Страница 31: ...The power conditioning circuitry is protected against over voltage over temperature and over load conditions Integral diagnostic circuitry checks for out of range voltages and over temperature conditions A short on a channel disables the power regulator rather than affecting the power sources Logic Power Distribution Power Bus Isolation Barrier Logic System Functional Earth Field Functional Earth ...

Страница 32: ...losed NC relay contacts on each MP Module Any failure condition including loss or brown out of system power activates the alarm to summon plant maintenance personnel The front panel of each module provides light emitting diode LED indicators that show the status of the module or the external systems to which it may be connected Pass Fault and Active are common indicators Other indicators are modul...

Страница 33: ...ovals The Trident controller is evaluated at regular intervals to meet the standards specified by the following agencies Canadian Standards Association 18 Factory Mutual 19 European Union CE Mark 20 TÜV Rheinland 21 Semiconductor Equipment and Materials International SEMI 22 ...

Страница 34: ...Report A copy of the test report 1200275 dated May 2 2001 is available upon request Standard Number Title UL 3121 1 1998 07 14 Electrical Equipment for Laboratory Use Part 1 General Requirements CSA Standard C22 2 No 0 General Requirements Canadian Electrical Code Part II CSA Standard C22 2 No 0 4 Bonding and Grounding of Electrical Equipment CAN CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 92 Safety Requirements for Elec...

Страница 35: ...following standards Test Report Certification is pending For test report status please contact the factory Standard Number Title 3611 Electrical Equipment for use in Class I Division 2 Class II Division 2 and Class III Divisions 1 and 2 Hazardous Locations 3810 Electrical and Electronic Test Measuring and Process Control Equipment 3600 Electrical Equipment for Use in Hazardous Classified Locations...

Страница 36: ...E Standard 518 1982 IEEE Guide for the Installation of Electrical Equipment to Minimize Electrical Noise Inputs to Controllers from External Sources which gives particular attention to all low level analog signals such as thermocouple or RTD inputs Notes To comply with the CE Mark requirement for emissions the Main Processor Modules and the Communication Modules must be mounted in a metal enclosur...

Страница 37: ...Standard Number Title DIN VDE 0116 10 89 Electrical Equipment of Furnaces DIN V VDE 0801 01 90 A1 10 94 Principles for Computers in Safety Related Systems DIN V 19250 05 94 Control Technology Fundamental Safety Aspects to Be Considered for Measurement and Control Protective Equipment IEC 61508 Parts 1 7 2000 Functional Safety of Electrical Electronic Programmable Electronic Safety Related Systems ...

Страница 38: ...n application may require a specified environment and warning label For installations with voltages greater than 30 Vrms 36 V DC the controller and associated equipment must be installed in a locked cabinet with a hazardous voltage warning label attached prominently For installations with ambient temperatures exceeding 35 C 94 F the controller and associated equipment should be installed in a lock...

Страница 39: ...descriptions configuration guidelines illustrations specifications and simplified schematics for system components Topics include System Overview 24 Main Processor Module 30 Communication Module 41 Input Output Modules 49 I O Extender Modules 115 Interconnect Assemblies 121 End Caps 122 Covers 123 ...

Страница 40: ...ules include Main Processor Module MP Communication Module CM Analog Input Module AI Analog Output Module AO Digital Input Module DI Digital Output Module DO Pulse Input Module PI Solid State Relay Output Module SRO I O Extender Modules EM Each module is fully enclosed to ensure that no components or circuits are exposed even when a module is removed from the baseplate Offset baseplate connectors ...

Страница 41: ... executes control application and votes on inputs and outputs Not applicable Model Description Points 3201 Interfaces Modbus master or slave selectable RS 232 485 serial ports TriStation Triconex Peer to Peer TSAA and TCP IP UDP IP Not applicable Model Description Points 3351 4 20 mA commoned 6 over range 32 Model Description Points 3481 4 20 mA commoned 6 over range 4 3482 2 4 20 mA 2 4 40 mA com...

Страница 42: ...ption Points 3401 24 V DC commoned 16 Model Description Points 3381 0 5 Hz to 32 kHz differential 6 Model Description Points 3451 Non triplicated commoned in groups of 2 32 Model Description 2281 I O Extender Module Kit without termination 2291 I O Extender Module Kit for I O Baseplate with termination 2292 I O Extender Module Kit for MP Baseplate with termination ...

Страница 43: ...bles and I O bus terminators I O modules communicate with the MPs by means of a triplicated RS 485 bi directional communication bus called the I O bus The I O bus cable can be used to join I O columns Maximum cable length is up to 6 meters 20 feet without termination or up to 200 meters 650 feet with termination Typical System Configuration Input Module Hot Spare Field Input Input Channel A Input ...

Страница 44: ...alls the TriStation 1131 project in a controller and verifies that it is operating correctly For more information see the TriStation 1131 Developer s Guide Programming Languages TriStation supports the following three programming languages that comply with the IEC 61131 3 International Standard on Programming Languages for Programmable Controllers and reflect the guidelines documented in the IEC 6...

Страница 45: ...40 C to 85 C 40 F to 185 F per IEC 60068 2 2 test Bb IEC 60068 2 1 test Ab and IEC 60068 2 30 test Db Relative humidity 10 to 95 non condensing Sinusoidal vibrations per axis 1 G 10 to 150 Hz per IEC 60068 2 6 test Fc Shock 15 G for 11 ms half sine in each axis per IEC 60068 2 27 test Ea Electrostatic discharge IEC 61000 4 2 Level 3 8 kV Conducted susceptibility IEC 61000 4 4 Class 3 fast transien...

Страница 46: ...following firmware Application processor and system executive SX I O processor and input output executive IOX System Executive The system executive performs the following functions Control application execution TriBus communication and voting System diagnostics TriStation and Modbus slave communication Input Output Executive The input output executive performs the following functions I O module AS...

Страница 47: ...nectors for the Ethernet ports Modbus ports and alarm contacts are located on the MP Baseplate The MP Baseplate provides redundant fused logic power connectors for the MP and I O modules which are directly connected to the I O column MP Operation Modbus DB 9 Reserved DB 9 Redundant Alarm Relays Debug RJ 12 Alarm 1 Alarm 2 Clock NVRAM 8 KB Program Processor DRAM 16 MB DRAM 16 MB Flash 4 8 MB TriBus...

Страница 48: ...odels 3101 Main Processor Module MP Module Front Panel LOCK REMOTE RUN PROGRAM HALT TX RX TX RX TX RX LINK TX RX PASS FAULT ACTIVE 3101 MP MODE COMMUNICATIONS IO BUS COMM BUS SERIAL TRISTATION FIELD POWER SYSTEM ALARM PROGRAM ALARM OVER TEMPERATURE LOGIC POWER ALARMS ...

Страница 49: ... Clock calendar Accuracy during power on 1 sec day typical 2 2 sec day maximum Accuracy during power off with battery backed up 2 2 sec day typical 9 2 sec day maximum Battery AA lithium 15 year predicted life TriBus 25 Mbps CRC protected 32 bit parity DMA TriStation port 1 10BaseT Ethernet connector RJ 45 shielded connector on baseplate Modbus port 1 RS 232 485 DTE DB 9 pin shielded connector on ...

Страница 50: ... MHz DRAM 16 MB used for IOX execution Byte parity Shared memory 128 KB used to communicate with SX Byte parity Diagnostic bus 2 Mbps HDLC used to communicate I O module diagnostic information between MP channels Debug port Used to access diagnostic information RJ 12 connector located on baseplate shared with SX debug port I O bus RS 485 2 Mbps HDLC ...

Страница 51: ...voltage 33 V DC Absolute maximum reverse input voltage 0 6 V DC Input power interruption time from nominal 1 ms minimum Repetition rate 1 sec maximum Reverse current isolation input to input 500 µA maximum In rush current per input 2 4 A maximum 1 2 A for 50 ms typical Short circuit current limit per input 2 4 A maximum Functional earth to logic ground isolation 0 V no isolation Protective to func...

Страница 52: ...19 2 K 38 4 K 57 6 K 115 2 K Protocols Slave RTU mode optional parity 1 stop bit Galvanic isolation 500 V DC Feature Specification 10BaseT connector RJ 45 standard shielded located on baseplate 10BaseT maximum cable length 100 m 330 ft using category 5 twisted pair cable Protocol TriStation TSAA Triconex Peer to Peer Network address Derived from baseplate address plug Galvanic isolation 500 V DC F...

Страница 53: ...Main Processor Module 37 Chapter 3 System Description Model 2101 Main Processor Baseplate ...

Страница 54: ...n Port Right TriStation Port Left Debug Port Logic Power 1 Fuse Logic Power 1 Blown Fuse Indicator Logic Power 2 Blown Fuse Indicator Alarm 1 Blown Fuse Indicator Alarm 2 Blown Fuse Indicator Logic Power 2 Fuse Middle Debug Port Right Debug Port Trident Node Address Safety Alarm 1 Alarm 1 Fuse Alarm 2 Fuse Alarm 2 DSP1 DSP2 DSP3 DSP4 FUSE FUSE 1 Logic Power 1 Logic Return 1 Logic Return 2 ...

Страница 55: ...ther a system alarm or a program alarm Each MP contains a set of redundant alarm solid state relays The relays are normally closed and are connected in series between MPs A system alarm indicates a fault in the controller its power supplies or field input A program alarm indicates a problem detected by the control application For more information on program alarms see the TriStation 1131 Developer...

Страница 56: ...um off state leakage 50 µA Maximum nominal current 0 5 A per contact continuous 0 7 A per contact for 100 ms Voltage drop baseplate 0 25 V DC 0 5 A Fuses mounted on baseplate 1 per contact 1 A fast acting Blown fuse indicator On baseplate Contact to protective earth isolation 500 V DC minimum Contact to functional earth logic isolation 800 V DC minimum Simplified Schematic of MP Redundant Alarm Ci...

Страница 57: ...ne CM Baseplate Each CM operates independently and supports three RS 232 485 serial ports and two Ethernet ports Two CMs can provide redundant communication connections or additional independent communication ports The CM Baseplate should be connected directly above or below an MP Baseplate Two MP Interconnect Assemblies are required to connect the MP Baseplate to the CM Baseplate For more detaile...

Страница 58: ...t interface MII for a 100 megabit MAU MAUs may be used in place of the 10 100 BaseT RJ 45 twisted pair connections to convert the CM network ports to other Ethernet media types or to extend network distances Supported Protocols Each CM supports the following protocols Modbus master or Modbus slave on the serial ports TCP IP TSAA and TriStation network protocols on both network ports for SOE Wonder...

Страница 59: ...ation Module 43 Chapter 3 System Description Model 3201 Communication Module CM Front Panel LOCK TX RX LINK LINK TX RX PASS FAULT ACTIVE 3201 CM COMMUNICATIONS TX RX SERIAL TX RX SERIAL TX RX SERIAL NET 1 NET 2 ...

Страница 60: ... additional per MAU Absolute maximum input voltage 33 V DC Absolute maximum reverse input voltage 0 6 V DC Input power interruption time from nominal value 1 ms maximum Repetition rate 1 sec minimum Reverse current isolation input to input 500 µA maximum Inrush current per input 2 4 A maximum typically 1 2 A for 50 ms Short circuit current limit per input 2 4 A maximum Functional to logic ground i...

Страница 61: ... Serial port Galvanic isolation 500 V DC Feature Specification 10BaseT network port Ethernet 10 Mbps protocol configurable from TriStation 10BaseT connector RJ 45 standard shielded located on baseplate 10BaseT maximum cable length 100 m using Category 5 twisted pair cable 10 Mb AUI type MAU port Supports AUI MAU located on baseplate Disables 10BaseT RJ 45 connector 100BaseTX Ethernet port 100 or 1...

Страница 62: ...lation Guide Protocols both network ports JetDirect Network Printer Server DLC LLC TCP IP Time synchronization Triconex Peer to Peer TriStation TSAA Network address Derived from MP Baseplate address plug Galvanic isolation 500 V DC Feature Specification ...

Страница 63: ...Communication Module 47 Chapter 3 System Description Model 2201 Communication Module Baseplate ...

Страница 64: ...e AUI MAU Net 1 Right Module AUI MAU Net 1 Left Module 10BaseT Net 1 Right Module 10BaseT Net 2 Right Module 10BaseT 100BaseTX Net 2 Left Module 10BaseT 100BaseTX Net 2 Left Module MII MAU Net 2 Right Module MII MAU Debug Right Module Serial 3 Serial 2 Serial 1 Left Module Serial 3 Serial 2 Serial 1 ...

Страница 65: ...an I O set The left module occupies the slot below the L label and the right module occupies the slot below the R label At any time the status of either the left or right module can be active or hot spare for online replacement or back up Field Terminations Field devices are terminated directly to the baseplate I O Module Placement ...

Страница 66: ...20 5 AC ripple 19 2 to 30 V DC Logic power 3 W Absolute maximum input voltage 33 V DC Absolute maximum reverse input voltage 0 6 V DC Input power interruption time from nominal 1 ms maximum Power interruption interval 1 sec minimum Reverse current isolation input to input 500 µA maximum Inrush current per input 2 4 A maximum Short circuit current limit per input 2 4 A maximum Functional earth to l...

Страница 67: ...anges are configurable in TriStation 1131 Power See module specifications Absolute maximum input voltage 33 V DC Absolute maximum reverse input voltage 0 6 V DC Input power interruption time from nominal Not applicable Power interruption interval Not applicable Reverse current isolation 500 µA maximum Functional to protective earth isolation 500 V DC minimum Functional to functional earth logic is...

Страница 68: ...omplete ongoing diagnostics for each channel If the diagnostics detect a failure on any channel the module s Fault indicator is activated which in turn activates the system alarm The Fault indicator points to a channel fault not a complete module failure The AI Module is guaranteed to operate properly in the presence of a single fault and may continue to operate properly with multiple faults The A...

Страница 69: ...Input Output Modules 53 Chapter 3 System Description Model 3351 Analog Input Module AI Module Front Panel LOCK 3351 AI PASS FAULT ACTIVE FIELD PWR ...

Страница 70: ...nalog Input Module Simplified Schematic ADC ADC ADC DAC DAC DAC ASIC ASIC ASIC Analog Input Module Typical Point 1 of 32 Triplicated I O Bus Individual Point Field Terminations A B C Isolation Filtering Isolated Bus Transceiver Isolated Bus Transceiver Isolated Bus Transceiver ...

Страница 71: ...solute maximum reverse field voltage 0 6 V DC Absolute maximum input current 50 mA DC Input bandwidth 3dB 16 Hz Source impedance 180 Ω Input impedance with baseplate 250 Ω I to V resistor 100 Ω 0 01 Resolution 12 bits Absolute error 0 15 of full scale 20 mA Diagnostic Force to value diagnostic FVD Scan time 1 ms for all 32 points Functional to protective earth isolation 500 V DC minimum Functional...

Страница 72: ... Planning and Installation Guide Model 2351 Analog Input Baseplate The following table lists the short circuit current specifications for field short to ground faults Feature Specification Fault current 130 mA typical 200 mA maximum ...

Страница 73: ...m Description Model 2351 Analog Input Baseplate Simplified Schematic To Other Points In 100 01 Ω AI Baseplate 32 Point AI Module To Spare 1 32 1 32 Mux 1 32 Mux Mux 150 Ω 180 Ω Field Power PS1 Field Power PS1 Field Power PS2 Field Power PS2 ...

Страница 74: ...ate Field Connections 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 S F 6 Typical Point 1 of 32 Points Shown 4 20 mA Transmitter 24 V 1 24 V Return Shield Safety 24 V 2 ...

Страница 75: ...Input Output Modules 59 Chapter 3 System Description Model 2352 Analog Input External Termination Panel Baseplate ...

Страница 76: ...352 Analog Input External Termination Panel Baseplate Simplified Schematic AI Baseplate 32 Point AI Module To Spare 1 32 1 32 Mux 1 32 Mux Mux Field Power PS1 Field Power PS1 Field Power PS2 Field Power PS2 V To External Termination Panels From External Termination Panels ...

Страница 77: ...Input Output Modules 61 Chapter 3 System Description Model 2352 Analog Input External Termination Panel Baseplate Field Connections S F 6 24 V 1 24 V Return Shield Safety 24 V 2 ...

Страница 78: ...h 24V power source must be able to provide 0 5 amps minimally Note Because the Model 9764 310 RTD TC AI Termination Panel connects 16 of the available 32 points you must use two panels J2 1 J1 J4 J3 U1 U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U9 U12 U13 U14 U15 U16 U11 CR1 P1 P2 CR14 KK A D NN C20 C19 C21 J6 J5 J8 J7 J10 J9 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 13 10 14 11 15 12 16 7400225 S N REV ANALOG DEVICES ANALOG DEVICES ANALOG DEVI...

Страница 79: ... Non Isolated Process Current Input Module 1600048 220 7B32NI 4 mA to 20 mA 0 4 V to 2 V Isolated Linearized RTD Input 100 Ω Platinum 2 or 3 Wire α 0 00385 1600048 030 7B34 0 C to 200 C 32 F to 392 F 0 4 V to 2 V 1600048 040 7B34 0 C to 600 C 32 F to 1112 F 0 4 V to 2 V Isolated Linearized Type J Thermocouple Input Module 1600048 110 7B47 0 C to 760 C 32 F to 1400 F 0 4 V to 2 V Isolated Linearize...

Страница 80: ...lanning and Installation Guide Model 9764 310 RTD TC AI Termination Panel Simplified Schematic 32 Point AI Module Baseplate To Spare RTD TC AI Panel Com V A V V B V x CJ y rfu 1 32 1 32 1 32 Mux Mux Mux 7BXX Typical Signal Conditioner ...

Страница 81: ... TC INPUT 7BDS ANALOG DEVICES SHORTING PLUG ANALOG DEVICES NON ISOLATED CURRENT INPUT 7B32NI ANALOG DEVICES ISOLATED RTD INPUT 7B34 ANALOG DEVICES SOLATED RTD INPUT 7B34 ANALOG DEVICES ISOLATED RTD INPUT 7B34 ANALOG DEVICES ISOLATED RTD INPUT 7B34 ANALOG DEVICES ISOLATED RTD INPUT 7B34 ANALOG DEVICES ISOLATED RTD INPUT 7B34 ANALOG DEVICES ISOLATED RTD INPUT 7B34 ANALOG DEVICES SOLATED RTD INPUT 7B...

Страница 82: ... 1 5 9 13 x x 2 6 10 14 3 7 11 15 4 8 12 16 Terminal J5 Terminal J6 Point 5 Point 6 Point 7 Point 8 y CJ 1 5 9 13 x x 2 6 10 14 3 7 11 15 4 8 12 16 Terminal J7 Terminal J8 Point 9 Point 10 Point 11 Point 12 y CJ 1 5 9 13 x x 2 6 10 14 3 7 11 15 4 8 12 16 Terminal J9 Terminal J10 Point 13 Point 14 Point 15 Point 16 y CJ 1 5 9 13 x x 2 6 10 14 3 7 11 15 4 8 12 16 ...

Страница 83: ...2 7B34 ANALOG DEVICES ISOLATED RTD INPUT 7B34 ANALOG DEVICES ISOLATED RTD INPUT 7B34 ANALOG DEVICES ISOLATED RTD INPUT 7B34 ANALOG DEVICES ISOLATED RTD INPUT U10 1 J4 J3 U1 U2 U3 U4 2 3 4 ANALOG DEVICES ANALOG DEVICES ANALOG DEVICES 7B47 ANALOG DEVICES ISOLATED LINEARIZED TC INPUT ISOLATED LINEARIZED TC INPUT ISOLATED LINEARIZED TC INPUT ISOLATED LINEARIZED TC INPUT 7B47 7B47 7B47 ...

Страница 84: ...eld Device to an RTD TC AI Termination Panel U5 U6 U7 U8 J6 J5 5 6 7 8 ANALOG DEVICES ANALOG DEVICES ANALOG DEVICES 7B32NI 7B32NI 7B32NI 7B32NI ANALOG DEVICES NON ISOLATED 4 20 mA CONV NON ISOLATED 4 20 mA CONV NON ISOLATED 4 20 mA CONV NON ISOLATED 4 20 mA CONV Field Transmitter ...

Страница 85: ...ancy for all critical signal paths guaranteeing safety and maximum availability The AO Modules continuously execute forced switch diagnostics FSD on each point By carefully forcing error conditions and observing proper behavior of the voting circuitry high reliability and safe operation is insured This safety feature allows unrestricted operation under a variety of multiple fault scenarios The AO ...

Страница 86: ...70 Input Output Modules Trident Planning and Installation Guide Model 3481 Analog Output Module AO Module Front Panel LOCK 3481 AO PASS FAULT ACTIVE PWR LOAD ...

Страница 87: ...nsceiver Isolated Bus Transceiver Isolated Bus Transceiver DAC Selector Logic Selector Logic Selector Logic DAC DAC Voltage Loopback Voltage Loopback Voltage Loopback Output Termination I O Controller s Field Circuitry Typical Point 4 µProc B µProc A µProc C Triplicated I O Bus Current Loopback Current Loopback Current Loopback ...

Страница 88: ...C 32 F to 158 F Type TMR Resolution 12 bits Diagnostic Forced switch diagnostic FSD External loop power reverse voltage protected 32 V DC maximum 24 V DC nominal Output loop power requirements for specified load 300 Ω 16 V DC 1 A minimum 500 Ω 20 V DC 1 A minimum 700 Ω 24 V DC 1 A minimum 800 Ω 28 V DC 1 A minimum Over range protection 36 V DC continuous 0 V DC continuous Switch time on leg failur...

Страница 89: ...Input Output Modules 73 Chapter 3 System Description Model 3482 High Current Analog Output Module AO Module Front Panel LOCK 3482 PASS FAULT ACTIVE PWR LOAD AO ...

Страница 90: ...ated Bus Transceiver Isolated Bus Transceiver Isolated Bus Transceiver DAC Selector Logic Selector Logic Selector Logic DAC DAC Voltage Loopback Voltage Loopback Voltage Loopback Output Termination I O Controller s Field Circuitry Typical Point 4 µProc B µProc A µProc C Triplicated I O Bus Current Loopback Current Loopback Current Loopback ...

Страница 91: ...range of 4 40 mA of FSR 0 44 mA from 0 C to 50 C 32 F to 122 F Type TMR Resolution 12 bits Diagnostic Forced switch diagnostic FSD External loop power reverse voltage protected 32 V DC maximum 24 V DC nominal Output loop power requirements for specified load Points 1 2 300 Ω 16 V DC 1 A minimum 500 Ω 20 V DC 1 A minimum 700 Ω 24 V DC 1 A minimum 800 Ω 28 V DC 1 A minimum Over range protection Poin...

Страница 92: ...les Trident Planning and Installation Guide Model 2481 Analog Output Baseplate Functional to protective earth isolation 500 V DC minimum Functional to functional earth logic isolation 800 V DC minimum Feature Specification ...

Страница 93: ...t Baseplate Simplified Schematic A B C Selector Logic DAC Selector Logic DAC Selector Logic DAC Field Power PS1 Field Power PS2 AO Baseplate 4 Point AO Module Loop Power Current Loopback Current Loopback Current Loopback Load To Other Points Field Power PS1 Field Power PS2 Load ...

Страница 94: ...ion Guide Model 2481 Analog Output Baseplate Field Connections 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Typical Point 1 of 4 Points Shown Short unused outputs Field Load 24 V 1 24 V 2 RTN Safety F 2 Unused Output Jumper ...

Страница 95: ...l the Fault indicator is activated which in turn activates the system alarm The Fault indicator points to a channel fault not a complete module failure The DI Module is guaranteed to operate properly in the presence of a single fault and may continue to operate properly with certain multiple faults The DI Module continuously verifies the ability of the system to detect transitions to the opposite ...

Страница 96: ...Trident Planning and Installation Guide Model 3301 Digital Input Module DI Module Front Panel 1 17 2 18 3 19 4 20 5 21 6 22 7 23 8 24 9 25 11 27 12 28 13 29 14 30 15 31 16 32 10 26 PASS FAULT ACTIVE FIELD PWR 3301 DI 24v LOCK ...

Страница 97: ... Input Module Simplified Schematic ADC ADC ADC DAC DAC DAC ASIC ASIC ASIC Individual Point Field Terminations A B C Isolation Filtering Digital Input Module Typical Point 1 of 32 Triplicated I O Bus Isolated Bus Transceiver Isolated Bus Transceiver Isolated Bus Transceiver ...

Страница 98: ... impedance 30 kΩ without baseplate 3 kΩ with baseplate Input power 0 2 W pt 24 V DC 0 5 W pt 33 V DC Input threshold 0 5 V DC Off region 6 14 V DC transition region 15 30 V DC On region Diagnostic loss of view Force to value diagnostic FVD 2 ms test Maximum input toggle rate to maintain diagnostic fault coverage 20 sec FVD Off state glitch Duration 2 ms Magnitude 36 test voltage Output Impedance 0...

Страница 99: ...apter 3 System Description Model 2301 Digital Input Baseplate The following table lists the short circuit current specifications for field short to ground faults Feature Specification Fault current 130 mA typical 200 mA maximum ...

Страница 100: ...g and Installation Guide Model 2301 Digital Input Baseplate Simplified Schematic To Other Points Field Power PS1 In Field Power PS1 Field Power PS2 Field Power PS2 3 K DI Baseplate 32 Point DI Module To Spare 1 32 1 32 Mux 1 32 Mux Mux 180 Ω ...

Страница 101: ...Baseplate Field Connections 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Field Contact 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 F 0 Typical Point 1 of 32 Points Shown 24 V 1 24 V 2 RTN Safety ...

Страница 102: ...estricted operation under a variety of multiple fault scenarios OVD detects and provides alarms for the following Points all stuck on and stuck off points are detected in less than 500 milliseconds Switches all stuck on or stuck off switches or their associated drive circuitry are detected During OVD execution the commanded state of each point is momentarily reversed sequentially on one of the out...

Страница 103: ...Input Output Modules 87 Chapter 3 System Description Model 3401 Digital Output Module DO Module Front Panel 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 10 PASS FAULT ACTIVE PWR LOAD 3401 DO 24v LOCK ...

Страница 104: ...I O Bus A A B B C C To Other Points Isolated Bus Transceiver Isolated Bus Transceiver Isolated Bus Transceiver Output Switch Drive Circuitry Output Switch Drive Circuitry Output Switch Drive Circuitry Output Switch Drive Circuitry A A B C A or C B C Voltage Loopback Detector V Load Return A or C I O Controller s Field Circuitry Typical Point 16 ...

Страница 105: ... 0 7 A self limiting 1 5 A typical Field alarms Loss of field power output point shorted On or Off Loop back thresholds 0 5 V DC Off region 6 14 V DC transition region 15 30 V DC On region Leakage to load Off state 1 mA Diagnostic glitch duration 2 ms maximum 500 µs typical Diagnostic fault coverage Maximum toggle rate 20 ms Minimum toggle rate Not applicable On state voltage drop 1 V DC 1 5 A Loo...

Страница 106: ...90 Input Output Modules Trident Planning and Installation Guide Model 2401 Digital Output Baseplate ...

Страница 107: ...tem Description Model 2401 Digital Output Baseplate Simplified Schematic 180 Ω Load Load Field Power PS1 Field Power PS1 Field Power PS2 Field Power PS2 To Other Points Voltage Loopback Detector DO Baseplate 16 Point DO Module A C B A or C ...

Страница 108: ...anning and Installation Guide Model 2401 Digital Output Baseplate Field Connections 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Typical Point 1 of 16 Points Shown Field Load 24 V 1 24 V 2 RTN Safety F 2 ...

Страница 109: ...Input Output Modules 93 Chapter 3 System Description Model 2402 Digital Output Baseplate The Model 2402 Digital Output Baseplate is recommended for use with low power loads only ...

Страница 110: ...d Installation Guide Model 2402 Digital Output Baseplate Simplified Schematic 180 Ω Load Load Field Power PS1 Field Power PS1 Field Power PS2 Field Power PS2 To Other Points Voltage Loopback Detector DO Baseplate 16 Point DO Module A C B A or C ...

Страница 111: ...del 2402 Digital Output Baseplate Field Connections 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Typical Point 1 of 16 Points Shown Low Power Field Load 24V 1 24V 2 RTN Safety F 2 CURRENT LIMITED DO BASEPLATE 7400227 REV S N ...

Страница 112: ...ulting change in the magnetic field causes a sinusoidal signal to be induced in the sensor The magnitude of the output voltage depends on How fast the teeth pass the sensor The distance between the sensor and the teeth The construction of the sensor A typical gear has 30 to 120 teeth spaced at equal distances around its perimeter The output frequency is proportional to the rotational speed of the ...

Страница 113: ...l control applications we recommend using redundant sensors The PI Module sustains complete on going diagnostics for each channel If the diagnostics detect a failure on any channel the Fault indicator is activated which in turn activates the system alarm The Fault indicator points to a channel fault not a complete module failure The PI Module is guaranteed to operate properly in the presence of a ...

Страница 114: ...98 Input Output Modules Trident Planning and Installation Guide Model 3381 Pulse Input Module PI Module Front Panel 1 2 3 4 5 6 PASS FAULT ACTIVE FIELD PWR 3381 PI LOCK ...

Страница 115: ...c Isolation Filtering Isolation Filtering Isolation Filtering Isolation Filtering Individual Point Field Terminations Isolated Bus Transceiver ASIC Triplicated I O Bus PI Module Typical Point 1 of 6 A B C Isolated Bus Transceiver Isolated Bus Transceiver ASIC ASIC Isolation Filtering Isolation Filtering ...

Страница 116: ...to 32 000 RPM Input frequency range 0 5 Hz to 32 kHz Duty cycle 20 to 80 or 10 µs minimum pulse width Maximum continuous slew rate 4 000 Hz sec with 60 gear teeth Maximum continuous RPM slew rate 4 000 RPM sec with 60 gear teeth Number of gear teeth 1 255 Termination resistor Baseplate configurable Pull up resistor Baseplate configurable Resolution 24 bits Absolute error 0 01 2 000 to 32 000 Hz 0 ...

Страница 117: ...Chapter 3 System Description Model 2381 Pulse Input Baseplate The following table lists the short circuit current specifications for field short to ground faults Feature Specification Fault current 130 mA typical 200 mA maximum ...

Страница 118: ...Baseplate Simplified Schematic To Other Points 499 Ω 6 Point PI Module PI Baseplate To Spare Field Power PS1 Field Power PS2 Comparator Comparator Comparator 499 Ω R FE Shield Field Power PS1 Field Power PS2 V FE IN IN 1 6 1 6 1 6 3 4 4 5 4 3 2 2 1 1 1 2 3 Blown Fuse Indicator J29 J23 J24 ...

Страница 119: ...12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 F 6 24 V 1 24 V Return Safety 24 V 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 J29 Resistor Block J30 Resistor Block J23 Configuration Block J26 Configuration Block J24 Sensor Block J25 Sensor Block ...

Страница 120: ...agnetic Sensor The figure below shows a typical connection for point 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 J23 J24 J29 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 J23 J24 J29 Passive Magnetic Sensor Shield In In Optional Termination Resistor ...

Страница 121: ...ws a typical connection for point 5 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Internal Pull Up Resistor Jumper J26 J25 J30 Active Sensor Open Collector In Shield In V 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 External Pu...

Страница 122: ...ors to the baseplate The resistor block is used to attach a user supplied termination resistor for passive sensors or a user supplied pull up resistor for an active open collector sensor The PI Baseplate is factory configured with the configuration blocks set to differential mode for each point The sensory blocks are configured to no points spare with the inputs shorted together When a point is se...

Страница 123: ...7 22 28 R 2 7 13 18 23 29 FE 3 8 14 19 24 30 IN1 4 9 15 20 25 31 FE 5 10 16 21 26 32 Sensor J24 J25 Signal Point 1 Point 2 Point 3 Point 4 Point 5 Point 6 V 1 7 13 17 23 29 IN 2 8 14 18 24 30 IN 3 9 15 19 25 31 Shield 4 10 16 20 26 32 Resistor J29 J30 Signal Point 1 Point 2 Point 3 Point 4 Point 5 Point 6 V 1 5 9 13 17 22 IN 2 6 10 14 18 23 IN 3 7 11 15 19 24 IN 4 8 12 16 20 25 ...

Страница 124: ...of signals are then voted and the voted data is used to drive the 32 individual relays Each output has an I O loop back circuit which verifies the operation of each relay switch independently of the presence of a load Ongoing diagnostics test the operational status of the SRO Module The SRO Module supports hot sparing for online replacement of a faulty module or continuous back up to an active mod...

Страница 125: ... 109 Chapter 3 System Description Model 3451 Solid State Relay Output Module SRO Module Front Panel 1 17 2 18 3 19 4 20 5 21 6 22 7 23 8 24 9 25 11 27 12 28 13 29 14 30 15 31 16 32 10 26 PASS FAULT ACTIVE 3451 RO 24v LOCK ...

Страница 126: ...on Guide Model 3451 Solid State Relay Output Module Simplified Schematic ASIC ASIC ASIC ASIC Triplicated I O Bus I O Controller s Field Circuitry Typical Point 2 of 32 A B C Isolated Bus Transceiver Isolated Bus Transceiver Isolated Bus Transceiver C1 Com C2 ...

Страница 127: ...e 30 V Maximum switching voltage 33 V peak Maximum switching power 15 W resistive Maximum off state leakage 100 µA Maximum nominal current 0 5 A per channel Maximum over current 0 7 A per channel Voltage drop at baseplate 0 25 V 0 5 A Fuses mounted on baseplate 1 per output 0 75 A fast acting Functional to protective earth isolation 500 V DC minimum Functional to functional earth logic isolation 8...

Страница 128: ...112 Input Output Modules Trident Planning and Installation Guide Model 2451 Solid State Relay Output Baseplate ...

Страница 129: ...Modules 113 Chapter 3 System Description Model 2451 Solid State Relay Output Baseplate Simplified Schematic 32 Point RO Module C1 C2 Com RO Baseplate Blown Fuse Indicator Blown Fuse Indicator Fuse 750 mA Fuse 750 mA ...

Страница 130: ...er in pairs for example 1 2 and 3 4 Field Load 1 Field Load 2 DC Power Supply Field Load 1 Field Load 2 DC Power Supply 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 Field Load 1 Field Load 2 Field Load 2 AC Power Supply Field Load 1 AC Power Supply Safety 9 ...

Страница 131: ...e contains Three DB 9 pin I O bus connectors one per channel Two 24 volt logic power input terminal blocks each with fuse and blown fuse indicators One protective earth terminal block A maximum of eight baseplates may be stacked end to end in a column To extend a system beyond eight baseplates or to separate the baseplates so that they are not connected end to end a pair of I O Extender Modules sh...

Страница 132: ...bly Model 2291 I O Extender Module Kit A Model 2291 I O Extender Module Kit contains Two I O Extender Modules Three two foot cables Three DB 9 pin I O bus terminators one per channel One I O Interconnect Assembly Model 2292 I O Extender Module Kit A Model 2292 I O Extender Module Kit contains Two I O Extender Modules Three two foot cables Three DB 9 pin I O bus terminators one per channel One MP I...

Страница 133: ...ogic power can be connected to the I O Extender Module at the top of the column or to the I O Extender Module at the bottom of the column The I O bus TMR connections should be daisy chained through each column of baseplates with an MP Baseplate at the beginning of the column For long I O buses the baseplate furthest from the MP should be connected to an I O Extender Module with I O bus termination...

Страница 134: ...hapter 5 for ground connections Feature Specification Logic power 125 W maximum Fuse 8 A slow acting Blown fuse indicator 20 mA Connecting an I O Extender Module J5 J6 J7 L Safety 24 V 2 24 V 1 To Next Extender Module Channel C Channel B Channel A RTN F1 F2 DSP1 DSP2 Blown Fuse Indicators ...

Страница 135: ...able If the I O bus length is greater than 6 meters 20 feet the bus should be terminated The maximum I O bus length is 200 meters 650 feet and includes Length of all baseplates I O Extender Modules I O bus extension cables Note For distances greater than 200 meters 650 feet or for applications requiring isolation fiber optic transceivers are commercially available For compatible units and supporte...

Страница 136: ... of a male 9 pin D connector with two 120 ohm resistors mounted in the boot or shell of the connector When the I O bus length exceeds 6 meters 20 feet six I O bus terminators should be installed on the open I O bus connectors on the I O Extender modules at each end of the I O bus 0 DB 9 Plug with Terminator ...

Страница 137: ...ridge adjacent baseplates Each MP Baseplate includes one MP Interconnect Assembly I O Interconnect Assembly An I O Interconnect Assembly carries the TMR I O and system power buses between baseplates An I O Interconnect Assembly consists of a small passive PCB in a molded plastic housing with two DIN C 96 pin male connectors and mounts to the top or bottom of I O baseplates or Extender Assemblies t...

Страница 138: ... end of column baseplate Cover the interconnect connector Serve as a card guide Model Description 2910 I O Baseplate I O Extender Module Top 2911 I O Baseplate I O Extender Module Bottom 2912 MP Baseplate Top 2913 MP Baseplate Bottom I O Baseplate I O Extender Module End Caps Top End Cap Bottom End Cap MP Baseplate End Caps Bottom End Cap Top End Cap ...

Страница 139: ...pes of covers are available Covers minimize exposure to Dust Dripping splashing liquids Corrosive atmospheres One Slot Cover and one Terminal Cover are included with each I O Baseplate Model Description 2900 Slot Cover 2911 Terminal Cover Slot Cover Terminal Cover ...

Страница 140: ...124 Covers Trident Planning and Installation Guide ...

Страница 141: ...MP 161 Connecting to Serial Ports on the CM 162 Configuring Output Voter Diagnostics 163 Controller Verification 164 Performing Routine Maintenance 165 CAUTION The Trident controller can be repaired while operating However the integrity of the controller can only be assured if the operator follows maintenance procedures correctly If the operator is in doubt about the procedures he or she should ta...

Страница 142: ...ing components 1 Main Processor MP Baseplate assembly with 3 MP Modules 1 Communication Baseplate with up to 2 Communication Modules Up to 14 baseplates with up to 2 I O modules per baseplate or up to 10 baseplates if using AO or PI Modules Up to 15 Interconnect Assemblies I O bus extender kits for each I O column End Caps top and bottom for each column System Configuration When planning your syst...

Страница 143: ...h point type Mechanical Installation This section provides general guidelines for mounting a panel for controller components WARNING In hazardous locations a Trident controller must be mounted in a cabinet or rack with a sealed bottom AO Modules PI Modules All Other I O Modules 0 0 14 1 0 9 0 1 9 2 0 8 2 1 7 Module Type Maximum Points Analog Input Module 448 Analog Output Module 8 Digital Input Mo...

Страница 144: ...a 12 gauge or heavier steel panel aligned vertically using DIN 50 022 compatible rails All DIN system and field power supplies should be mounted on horizontal DIN 50 022 compatible rails DIN rails should be mounted on a 12 gauge or heavier steel panel Clearance should be provided for adequate air flow around system modules For typical environments provide at least 5 inches 15 cm of clearance betwe...

Страница 145: ...Guidelines 129 Chapter 4 Installation and Maintenance Depth Dimensions for Baseplate and Module ...

Страница 146: ...g and Installation Guide Dimensions and Clearances for Installing MP Baseplates 1 23 in 31 2 mm 8 53 in 216 7 mm 9 76 in 247 9 mm 9 02 in 229 1 mm 3 52 in 89 4 mm C L 8 56 in 217 4 mm 0 23 in 5 8 mm 3 29 in 83 6 mm 7 30 in 185 4 mm ...

Страница 147: ...llation and Maintenance Dimensions and Clearances for Installing I O Baseplates 1 23 in 31 2 mm 7 02 in 166 7 mm 3 29 in 83 6 mm 3 52 in 89 4 mm C L 7 30 in 185 4 mm 9 76 in 247 9 mm 8 53 in 216 7 mm 0 23 in 5 8 mm 6 56 in 166 7 mm ...

Страница 148: ...rs Cover unused baseplate slots with a Slot Cover Model 2900 to minimize exposure to Dust Dripping splashing liquids Corrosive atmospheres Using Terminal Covers Cover field terminals with a Terminal Cover Model 2901 to minimize exposure to Dust Dripping splashing liquids Corrosive atmospheres Dimension and Clearances for Installation I O Extender Modules 1 23 in 31 2 mm 1 23 in 31 2 mm 6 56 in 166...

Страница 149: ...Baseplate 2 1 1 0 Communication Module 3 3 1 5 Communication Baseplate 2 8 1 3 Digital Input Baseplate 2 4 1 1 Digital Input Module 3 0 1 3 Digital Output Baseplate 2 1 1 0 Digital Output Module 3 2 1 4 Main Processor Baseplate 2 7 1 2 Main Processor Module 3 4 1 5 Pulse Input Module 3 0 1 4 Pulse Input Baseplate 2 8 1 3 Relay Output Baseplate 2 3 1 0 Solid State Relay Output Module 2 9 1 3 I O Ex...

Страница 150: ...m is designed for a maximum ambient temperature of 70 C 160 F Lower ambient temperatures increase the life of the individual controller components and decrease the likelihood of module failure thereby lowering your maintenance costs For guidelines on wiring see Appendix C Recommended Wiring Methods Allowing for Adequate Cooling Adequate convection or forced air cooling should be provided The follo...

Страница 151: ...erating conditions both power sources share the load To determine the maximum logic power supply needed use the following table to sum the maximum logic power for all modules including hot spares to be installed on a baseplate Module Model Number Maximum Logic Power Watts 1 1 To convert watts to British thermal units BTU watts x 3 414 Maximum Field Power Watts Primary Spare Analog Input 3351 3 4 N...

Страница 152: ...ne power source should be an uninterruptible power supply UPS which can be shared by multiple Trident baseplates The UPS should be rated for the total number of baseplates to be powered and for the duration of the maximum expected down time Module Model Number Maximum Logic Power Watts 1 1 To convert watts to British thermal units BTU watts x 3 414 Analog Input 3351 3 Analog Output 3481 3 Analog O...

Страница 153: ...ternatively L can be connected to a DCS master reference ground or other quiet earth In simple environments logic and field power can be combined and treated as one ground system Typical Connections for Logic Power Distribution Block MP Baseplate Typical I O Baseplate Power Disconnect Power Disconnect Power Supply 1 Power Supply 2 L J5 1 2 1 DSP1 DSP2 DSP3 DSP4 Protective Earth Safety Ground Exten...

Страница 154: ...ters 650 feet from the MP Alternatively L can be connected to a DCS master reference ground or other quiet earth In simple environments logic and field power can be combined and treated as one ground system Typical Connections for Field Power J5 1 2 1 Typical I O Baseplate Power Disconnect Power Disconnect Distribution Block F Power Supply 1 Power Supply 2 1 2 3 1 2 Extender ...

Страница 155: ...0 feet the bus should be terminated The maximum I O bus length is 200 meters 650 feet and includes Length of all baseplates I O Extender modules I O bus extension cables An I O bus termination set comprises six terminators An I O bus cable set comprises three I O bus extension cables The terminators should be installed on the open I O bus connectors on the I O Extender Modules at each end of the I...

Страница 156: ...g installation and routine maintenance Each I O baseplate should have a unique I O bus address Controllers shipped from the factory have a different address for each baseplate see figure below If you add a baseplate to an existing system verify that the new baseplate has a unique address When configuring a module in a TriStation project you should identify it according to its baseplate address Mod...

Страница 157: ... Addressing The address plug on the MP Baseplate identifies the TriNode address used by TriStation The TriNode address specified in TriStation must match the address on the MP Baseplate Each controller on a network should have a unique address on its MP Baseplate If you physically change an MP Baseplate address you should Cycle power or re install the module Change the TriNode address in the TriSt...

Страница 158: ...ed NC contact Common C A control engineer should specify the actual use of these contacts Typically alarm wiring is connected to a local or remote annunciator These devices can be wired in parallel with the alarm wiring so that the designated alarm goes off when either contact signals an alarm condition For more information on program alarms see the TriStation 1131 Developer s Guide Alarm Connecti...

Страница 159: ...Guidelines 143 Chapter 4 Installation and Maintenance Typical Alarm Connections 24 VDC 24 VDC Power Source Power Source Load Alarm 1 Alarm 2 NC NC C DSP1 DSP2 DSP3 DSP4 FUSE FUSE 1 C ...

Страница 160: ...pounds of torque Installing Additional Baseplates on a Column This section explains how to install additional baseplates on a column To install additional baseplates 1 Install additional baseplates as in step 3 above but do not tighten the screws 2 If installing a baseplate adjacent to an MP Baseplate attach an MP Interconnect Assembly between the two baseplates allowing the second baseplate to mo...

Страница 161: ...Installation Procedures 145 Chapter 4 Installation and Maintenance Mounting Components Screws 4 places Screws 4 places Interconnect Assembly End Cap Baseplate ...

Страница 162: ...nting holes 4 Tighten the screws to 16 inch pounds of torque 5 Install the adjacent I O baseplate as in step 3 above but do not tighten the screws 6 If installing an I O baseplate adjacent to an MP Baseplate attach an MP Interconnect Assembly between the two baseplates allowing the second baseplate to move until the Interconnect Assembly snaps into place 7 If installing an I O baseplate adjacent t...

Страница 163: ...to move until the Interconnect Assembly snaps into place 4 Tighten the mounting screws on the I O Extender Module to 16 inch pounds of torque Installing I O Bus Extension Cables This section explains how to install I O bus extension cables between columns To connect columns of baseplates 1 Attach one end of an I O bus extension cable to the J5 connector on one I O Extender Module and attach the ot...

Страница 164: ...plate To install a module 1 Seat a module on its corresponding baseplate 2 Turn the lock lever manually 90 to 180 3 Insert a 2 flat blade screwdriver into the lock and turn clock wise to the locked position 360 Typically 25 in lbs of torque are required to rotate the lock lever When the module is installed the Fault indicator goes on while the diagnostics are running At the same time the Point ind...

Страница 165: ...ident has the following four separate ground systems Protective earth an AC safety ground Field ground F a functional earth Logic ground L a functional earth Shield ground S a functional earth The logic and field portions of each module use separate isolated signal return paths Each is connected to its own functional earth The metallic portions of the safety ground act as an electrostatic shield f...

Страница 166: ...ble local and national codes and standards At a minimum these include national fire and electrical codes Since codes and standards vary geographically and change over time it is your responsibility to determine which standards apply to your specific case and to comply with them If necessary contact your local Fire Marshall and Electrical Inspector for assistance Connect each baseplate in your syst...

Страница 167: ...ing Methods 151 Chapter 4 Installation and Maintenance Connecting Baseplates to Protective Earth AI AI DI DI DO RO EM EM CM Protective Earth Safety Ground MP 2 0 6 0 6 9 Green Yellow Wire 1 1 Typical Ground Connection ...

Страница 168: ...d be connected to at one and only one place for the entire system including I O bus extensions up to 200 meters 650 feet from the MP Alternatively L can be connected to a DCS master reference ground or other quiet earth In simple environments logic and field power can be combined and treated as one ground system Grounding Logic Power Distribution Block MP Baseplate Typical I O Baseplate Power Disc...

Страница 169: ...r each I O module or group of modules can use separate power supplies referenced to alternate grounds Alternatively L can be connected to a DCS master reference ground or other quiet earth In simple environments logic and field power can be combined and treated as one ground system Grounding Field Power J5 1 2 1 Typical I O Baseplate Power Disconnect Power Disconnect Distribution Block F Power Sup...

Страница 170: ...controller Also a connection should be provided near the termination panel using an external shield bus bar Such bus bars are available from Phoenix Contact or other terminal block suppliers You should individually connect each shield bus bar to a suitable quiet ground point such as a dedicated protective earth or a DCS master reference ground as shown on page 155 ...

Страница 171: ... 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 6 Typical Point 1 of 32 Points Shown 4 20 mA Transmitter Dedicated Shield Ground DCS Master Reference Ground Functional Earth or Protective Earth Shield Bus Bar ...

Страница 172: ...ot include a Communication Module you must connect the TriStation PC to one of three TriStation ports on the MP Baseplate You can make a direct connection using a 10BaseT cross over cable or you can connect using a 10BaseT straight through cable to an Ethernet network or hub To connect a TriStation PC to an MP port using a cross over cable 1 Attach one end of the cross over cable to one of the RJ ...

Страница 173: ...2 PASS FAULT ACTIVE 3101 MP MODE STATUS COMMUNICATIONS IO BUS COMM BUS SERIAL TRISTATION LOCK REMOTE RUN PROGRAM HALT TX RX TX PS1 RX SYSTEM ALARM TX PROGRAM ALARM RX OVER TEMPERATURE LINK TX RX PS2 PASS FAULT ACTIVE 3101 MP MODE STATUS COMMUNICATIONS IO BUS COMM BUS SERIAL TRISTATION LOCK REMOTE RUN PROGRAM HALT TX RX TX PS1 RX SYSTEM ALARM TX PROGRAM ALARM RX OVER TEMPERATURE LINK TX RX PS2 PASS...

Страница 174: ...k Hub TX MP Baseplate with Modules Channel A Channel B Channel C 1X 9X 8X 16 10BASE T POWER COAX MDI MDIX External Ethernet Network Hub LOCK REMOTE RUN PROGRAM HALT TX RX TX PS1 RX SYSTEM ALARM TX PROGRAM ALARM RX OVER TEMPERATURE LINK TX RX PS2 PASS FAULT ACTIVE 3101 MP MODE STATUS COMMUNICATIONS IO BUS COMM BUS SERIAL TRISTATION LOCK REMOTE RUN PROGRAM HALT TX RX TX PS1 RX SYSTEM ALARM TX PROGRA...

Страница 175: ...se see the Trident Communication Guide To connect a TriStation PC to a CM port using a cross over cable 1 Attach one end of a cross over cable to a NET1 or NET2 connector on the CM Baseplate as shown in the example below 2 Attach the other end of the cross over cable to the network adapter card in the TriStation PC Connecting a CM Using a Cross Over Cable TX CM Baseplate with Modules TriStation PC...

Страница 176: ...w 3 Connect the TriStation PC to the hub using another straight through cable Connecting a CM Using a Network Hub Network Adapter Card 1X 9X 8X 16 10BASE T POWER COAX MDI MDIX To External Network Hub RJ 45 Connector CM Baseplate with Modules LOCK TX RX TX RX TX TX RX RX LINK LINK TX RX PASS FAULT ACTIVE 3201 CM COMMUNICATIONS SERIAL SERIAL SERIAL NET 1 NET 2 LOCK TX RX TX RX TX TX RX RX LINK LINK ...

Страница 177: ...ort Middle Serial Port Right Serial Port 3101 MP COMMUNICATIONS TX RX IO BUS TX RX COMM BUS TX RX SERIAL LINK TX RX TRISTATION LOCK SYSTEM ALARM PROGRAM ALARM PS1 OVER TEMPERATURE PS2 STATUS REMOTE RUN PROGRAM HALT MODE PASS FAULT ACTIVE 3101 MP COMMUNICATIONS TX RX IO BUS TX RX COMM BUS TX RX SERIAL LINK TX RX TRISTATION LOCK SYSTEM ALARM PROGRAM ALARM PS1 OVER TEMPERATURE PS2 STATUS REMOTE RUN P...

Страница 178: ... communication see the Trident Communication Guide For information on cables see RS 232 Modbus Serial Cable on page 214 or RS 485 Modbus Serial Cables on page 215 LOCK TX RX TX RX TX TX RX RX LINK LINK TX RX PASS FAULT ACTIVE 3201 CM COMMUNICATIONS SERIAL SERIAL SERIAL NET 1 NET 2 LOCK TX RX TX RX TX TX RX RX LINK LINK TX RX PASS FAULT ACTIVE 3201 CM COMMUNICATIONS SERIAL SERIAL SERIAL NET 1 NET 2...

Страница 179: ...ns in effect Triconex guarantees that a glitch to a load lasts less than 2 milliseconds To ensure safety you should analyze the sensitivity of each load device attached to the controller for proper operation The less than 2 millisecond glitch is tolerated well by electromechanical devices such as relays solenoids and contacts For assistance with load devices that might be sensitive to such glitche...

Страница 180: ...ield I O wiring and devices 7 Verify that all process equipment connected to the controller is disabled to prevent accidental start up of the equipment during testing 8 Turn on power to the controller and the TriStation PC 9 Download the TriStation project 10 Using the TriStation Control Panel test all inputs and outputs 11 To verify the connections of all I O points to the field wiring use the Tr...

Страница 181: ...he sharing is approximately equal with each power supply providing 50 percent of the system power Under abnormal conditions one of the power sources may be required to provide 100 percent of the system power To verify the integrity of the system power supply you should periodically test each power source for its ability to provide power for the entire system when the redundant source is disabled T...

Страница 182: ...ested simultaneously To enable and disable OVD use the appropriate system attribute in your TriStation project Leave OVD enabled for several minutes When testing is done disable OVD Verifying Spare Modules The controller automatically tests all modules installed in the system The only action needed to guarantee the integrity of a spare module is to periodically install it in an online system Spare...

Страница 183: ...ule Indicators 183 Digital Output Module Indicators 186 Pulse Input Module Indicators 189 Solid State Relay Output Module Indicators 192 Replacing Modules 195 CAUTION The Trident controller can be repaired while operating However the integrity of the controller can only be assured if the operator follows repair procedures correctly If in doubt about the procedures the operator should take whatever...

Страница 184: ...hich identify the type of communication occurring Only on MP and CM Modules Points indicators which identify whether the point is energized Alarm indicators which identify alarm conditions for the controller Only on MP Modules Fault and Alarm Indicators Fault indicators identify potentially serious problems with a module Alarm conditions identify abnormal field conditions such as loss of power and...

Страница 185: ...RX LOGIC POWER PASS FAULT ACTIVE 3101 MP MODE ALARMS COMMUNICATIONS IO BUS COMM BUS SERIAL TRISTATION Pass Green Fault Red Active Yellow Halt Mode Yellow Program Alarm Blue Over Temperature Red Remote Mode Green Field Power Red Run Mode Green Logic Power Red Program Mode Yellow System Alarm Red Unlock Red TX RX Communication Bus Green Green TX RX Modbus Green Green TX RX TriStation Green Green Lin...

Страница 186: ... into the MP but has not been started up Start application Module has just been installed and is currently being educated by the other MP Modules Wait for the module to be educated Fault States Pass Fault Active Lock Description Action No light Red steady 1 No light Possible conditions include Module may have failed See mode indicator status for power up states Module may be in the process of powe...

Страница 187: ...not allowed No light Green steady No light No light Normal operation with read only capability MPs execute the previously loaded application Attempts to modify program variables by Modbus masters and external hosts are rejected No light No light Yellow steady Yellow steady Application loading and checkout is enabled Allows control of the controller from the TriStation application including Downloa...

Страница 188: ...s or Fault indicators of other modules or by using the TriStation Diagnostic Panel Replace faulty module I O module has detected a field fault Correct field fault Application has detected an alarm condition Check application for bypass or overridden points or other abnormal condition Blue steady Application has detected an alarm condition Alarm contacts also indicate an alarm open contacts Identif...

Страница 189: ... Normal response MP is polling and sending responses to the I O modules Green blinking Normal response MP is polling and sending responses to the CM modules Green blinking Normal response MP is polling and sending responses to the Modbus master Green steady Green blinking MP is communicating with TriStation No light MP is not communicating with TriStation or a network hub Note The hub or Ethernet ...

Страница 190: ...and communications indicators TX RX LINK LINK TX RX PASS FAULT ACTIVE 3201 CM COMMUNICATIONS TX RX SERIAL TX RX SERIAL TX RX SERIAL NET 1 NET 2 Pass Green Fault Red Active Yellow Serial 3 Green Green Serial 2 Green Green Serial 1 Green Green Net 1 TX RX Green Green Net 2 TX RX Green Green Unlock Red Net 1 Link Green Net 2 Link Green LOCK Communication Indicators CM Status Indicators ...

Страница 191: ...ntrol application has been loaded into the MP but has not been started up Start control application Module has just been installed and is currently being educated by the other MPs Wait for module to be educated Fault States Pass Fault Active Lock Description Action No light Red steady No light No light Possible conditions include Module may have failed See mode indicator status for power up states...

Страница 192: ...cription Green blinking 1 Normal response CM is communicating with the attached Modbus master slave device Green blinking Normal response CM is communicating with the attached Modbus master slave device Green blinking Normal response CM is communicating with the attached Modbus master slave device Green steady Green blinking CM is communicating with TriStation or with an Ethernet device through th...

Страница 193: ...s Analog Input Module Indicators This section describes the AI Module indicators and recommends actions for fault conditions 3351 AI Unlock Red LOCK PASS FAULT ACTIVE FIELD PWR Pass Green Fault Red Active Green Field Power Yellow Field Power Indicator AI Status Indicators ...

Страница 194: ...to the MP but has not been started up Module has just been installed and is currently running start up diagnostics The other module is active If the module is active replace module No light Red steady 1 No light Possible conditions include Module may be in the process of power up self test If the Pass indicator does not go on within five minutes replace the module Module has detected a fault Modul...

Страница 195: ...roblem has occurred Field Power Description Action Yellow steady Field power from one or more of the redundant sources is missing To isolate the missing power source use the TriStation Diagnostic Panel To determine the actual state use a voltmeter then correct the problem in the external circuit If these steps do not solve the problem replace the module ...

Страница 196: ...ide Analog Output Module Indicators This section describes the AO Module indicators and recommends actions for fault conditions LOCK 3481 AO PASS FAULT ACTIVE PWR LOAD Pass Green Fault Red Active Green Field Alarm Yellow Field Alarm Indicator Unlock Red AO Status Indicators ...

Страница 197: ...p Module has just been installed and is currently running start up diagnostics The other module is active If the module is active replace module No light Red steady 1 No light Possible conditions include Module may be in the process of power up self test If the Pass indicator does not go on within five minutes replace the module Field power is missing if field power light is also on Restore field ...

Страница 198: ...ction Yellow steady Field power from one or more of the redundant sources is missing or a field error is detected A field error may be an open load or an out of compliance error To isolate the missing power source use the TriStation Diagnostic Panel To determine the actual state use a voltmeter then correct the problem in the external circuit If these steps do not solve the problem replace the mod...

Страница 199: ...dicators and recommends actions for fault conditions 1 17 2 18 3 19 4 20 5 21 6 22 7 23 8 24 9 25 11 27 12 28 13 29 14 30 15 31 16 32 10 26 3301 DI 24v 1 32 Points Green Unlock Red PASS FAULT ACTIVE FIELD PWR Field Power Indicator LOCK Pass Green Fault Red Active Green Field Power Yellow Points Indicators Points Indicators DI Status Indicators ...

Страница 200: ...he hot spare no action is required Application has been loaded into the MP but has not been started up Module has just been installed and is currently running start up diagnostics Other module is active If the module is active replace module No light Red steady 1 No light Possible conditions include Module may be in the process of power up self test If the Pass indicator does not go on within five...

Страница 201: ...ether the point is energized or not energized Field Power Description Action Yellow steady Field power from one or more of the redundant sources is missing To isolate the missing power source use the TriStation Diagnostic Panel Correct the problem in the field circuit If these steps do not solve the problem replace the module Point 1 32 Description Green steady Field circuit is energized No light ...

Страница 202: ...is section describes the DO Module indicators and recommends actions for fault conditions LOCK 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 12 13 14 15 16 10 3401 DO 24v Pass Green Fault Red Active Green Power Load Yellow Unlock Red PASS FAULT ACTIVE PWR LOAD Field Power Indicator Points Indicators 1 16 Points Green DO Status Indicators ...

Страница 203: ...e is the hot spare no action is required Application has been loaded into the MP but has not been started up Module has just been installed and is currently running start up diagnostics Other module is active If the module is active replace module No light Red steady 1 No light Possible conditions include Module may be in the process of power up self test If the Pass indicator does not go on withi...

Страница 204: ...int the commanded state and the measured state do not agree To isolate the suspected point use the TriStation Diagnostic Panel To determine the commanded state of the output point use the TriStation Control Panel To determine the actual state of the output use a voltmeter then correct the problem in the external circuit Verify that load current is within product specification If these steps do not...

Страница 205: ...section describes the PI Module indicators and recommends actions for fault conditions get correct panel graphic 1 2 3 4 5 6 PASS FAULT ACTIVE FIELD PWR 3381 PI Field Power Indicator Unlock Red Pass Green Fault Red Active Green Field Power Yellow LOCK PI Status Indicators Points Indicators 1 6 Points Green ...

Страница 206: ...to the MP but has not been started up Module has just been installed and is currently running start up diagnostics The other module is active If the module is active replace module No light Red steady 1 No light Possible conditions include Module may be in the process of power up self test If the Pass indicator does not go on within five minutes replace the module Module has detected a fault Modul...

Страница 207: ...ators The PI point indicators identify whether the point is greater than or less than 0 5 Hz Field Description Action Yellow steady Field power from one or more of the redundant sources is missing To isolate the missing power source use the TriStation Diagnostic Panel Point 1 6 Description Green steady Input frequency is greater than 0 5 Hz No light Input frequency is less than 0 5 Hz ...

Страница 208: ...is section describes the SRO Module indicators and recommends actions for fault conditions 1 17 2 18 3 19 4 20 5 21 6 22 7 23 8 24 9 25 11 27 12 28 13 29 14 30 15 31 16 32 10 26 PASS FAULT ACTIVE 3451 RO 24v Pass Green Fault Red Active Green 1 32 Points Green Unlock Red LOCK Points Indicators Points Indicators SRO Status Indicators ...

Страница 209: ...ded into the MP but has not been started up Module has just been installed and is currently running start up diagnostics The other module is active If the module is active replace module No light Red steady 1 No light Possible conditions include Module may be in the process of power up self test If the Pass indicator does not go on within five minutes replace the module Module has detected a fault...

Страница 210: ...s Trident Planning and Installation Guide SRO Point Indicators The SRO point indicators identify whether the point is energized or not energized Point 1 32 Description Green steady Field circuit is energized No light Field circuit is not energized ...

Страница 211: ...ntil the Active indicator of the replacement module goes on then replace the second faulty module If an I O module has a field fault and a module fault resolve the field fault first Before replacing the I O module then reset the I O module using the TriStation Diagnostic Panel CAUTION Before inserting any module into the controller check for damaged pins If damaged pins are present do not insert t...

Страница 212: ...Module has an Active indicator with a blinking yellow light 4 On the faulty MP Module rotate the lock lever counter clockwise until the module ejects from the baseplate 5 Insert the replacement MP Module and rotate the lock lever clockwise to draw the module into the baseplate Note When replacing a module you must use a 2 flat blade screwdriver to lock or unlock the module See the Installing Modul...

Страница 213: ...eplate Note If communication has not been disrupted by the fault removing the module disrupts communication until the module is replaced If you have a redundant CM replacing the faulty module does not affect communication on the redundant CM 5 Insert the replacement CM and rotate the lock lever clockwise to draw the module into the baseplate The Pass indicator should go on within one minute The Ac...

Страница 214: ...le the diagnostics are running At the same time the Point indicators go on briefly go off then resume the normal state of blinking The Pass Indicator should go on within about one minute If it does not and the Fault light persists longer than five minutes check the diagnostic log to determine if there is a problem If the module is not properly seated the Lock indicator stays on The Active indicato...

Страница 215: ...ule rotate the lock lever counter clockwise until the module ejects from the baseplate 6 Insert the replacement I O module in the vacant slot and rotate the lock lever clockwise to draw the module into the baseplate Note When replacing a module you must use a 2 flat blade screwdriver to lock or unlock the module See the Installing Modules procedure on page 148 The Pass indicator should go on withi...

Страница 216: ...200 Replacing Modules Trident Planning and Installation Guide ...

Страница 217: ...es and Connectors This appendix provides pin out information for the following cables and connectors Topics include MP Baseplate Connectors 202 CM Baseplate Connectors 205 10BaseT Network Cables for TriStation 212 RS 232 Modbus Serial Cable 214 RS 485 Modbus Serial Cables 215 ...

Страница 218: ...TriStation Connector Pin out information for a 10BaseT Ethernet connector is shown below Modbus RS 232 RS 485 Serial Connector Pin out information for a Modbus serial connector is shown on page 203 The Modbus port which is DTE compatible is configured using TriStation to operate in either RS 232 or RS 485 mode Pin Signal Direction Function 1 TD Out Transmit data 2 TD Out Transmit data 3 RD In Rece...

Страница 219: ... Function 1 CD In Carrier detect 2 RXD In Receive data 3 TXD Out Transmit data 4 DTR Out Data terminal ready 5 GND Signal ground 6 DSR Not used data set ready 7 RTS Out Request to send 8 CTS In Clear to send 9 RI Not used ring indicator Housing Shield Safety ground Signal Designator Description Clear to Send CTS MP ignores CTS and transmits data as soon as it is available Request to Send RTS MP tu...

Страница 220: ...dependent on the wire used For example using 24 AWG twisted pair wire the maximum length is 1 2 kilometers 4000 feet but can be extended using modems The following table describes the RS 485 signals DB 9 Pin Signal Direction RS 485 Function 1 2 RD A In Receive data 3 SD A Out Transmit data 4 5 GND Signal ground 6 7 SD B Out Transmit data invert 8 RD B In Receive data invert 9 OUT Term 5 V DC throu...

Страница 221: ...ectors AUI 10 megabit Ethernet MAUs Ethernet 100BaseTX Net2 connectors MII Ethernet MAUs Debug connector For an illustration of the CM Baseplate see Model 2201 Communication Module Baseplate on page 47 Modbus RS 232 RS 485 Serial Connector Pin out information for a Modbus serial connector is shown on page 206 The Modbus port which is DTE compatible is configured using TriStation to operate in eith...

Страница 222: ...nction 1 CD In Carrier detect 2 RXD In Receive data 3 TXD Out Transmit data 4 DTR Out Data terminal ready 5 GND Signal ground 6 DSR Not used data set ready 7 RTS Out Request to send 8 CTS In Clear to send 9 RI Not used ring indicator Housing Shield Safety ground Signal Designator Description Clear to Send CTS MP ignores CTS and transmits data as soon as it is available Request to Send RTS MP turns...

Страница 223: ...is dependent on the wire used For example using 24 AWG twisted pair wire the maximum length is 1 2 kilometers 4000 feet but can be extended using modems The following table describes the RS 485 signals DB 9 Pin Signal Direction RS 485 Function 1 2 RD A In Receive data 3 SD A Out Transmit data 4 5 GND Signal ground 6 7 SD B Out Transmit data invert 8 RD B In Receive data invert 9 OUT Term 5 V DC th...

Страница 224: ...D Out Transmit data 2 TD Out Transmit data 3 RD In Receive data 4 NC 5 NC 6 RD In Receive data 7 NC 8 NC Housing Shield Safety ground 1 TD 2 TD 3 RD 4 5 6 RD 7 8 Shield RJ 45 Pin Signal Direction Function 1 TD Out Transmit data 2 TD Out Transmit data 3 RD In Receive data 4 NC 5 NC 6 RD In Receive data 7 NC 8 NC Housing Shield Safety ground 1 TD 2 TD 3 RD 4 5 6 RD 7 8 Shield ...

Страница 225: ...a 7 NC 8 Ground In MAU present detect 9 CI In Collision input 10 DO Out Data output 11 Ground 12 DI In Data input 13 12 V Out MAU power 14 Ground 15 NC 2 10 3 11 4 12 5 13 6 14 7 15 8 1 9 Shield Slide Clip DB40 Pin Signal Direction Function 1 5 V Out MII MAU power 2 MDIO In Out Management data 3 MDC Out Management data clock 4 RxD 3 In Receive data 3 5 RxD 2 In Receive data 2 6 RxD 1 In Receive da...

Страница 226: ... Out Transmit data 3 18 Col In Collision half duplex 19 CRS In Carrier receive sense 20 5 V Out MII MAU power 21 5 V Out MII MAU power 22 Logic ground MII MAU logic ground 23 Logic ground MII MAU logic ground 24 Logic ground MII MAU logic ground 25 Logic ground MII MAU logic ground 26 Logic ground MII MAU logic ground 27 Logic ground MII MAU logic ground 28 Logic ground MII MAU logic ground 29 Log...

Страница 227: ...AU logic ground 33 Logic ground MII MAU logic ground 34 Logic ground MII MAU logic ground 35 Logic ground MII MAU logic ground 36 Logic ground MII MAU logic ground 37 Logic ground MII MAU logic ground 38 Logic ground MII MAU logic ground 39 Logic ground MII MAU logic ground 40 5 V Out MII MAU power DB40 Pin Signal Direction Function ...

Страница 228: ...ver cables are used to link the Ethernet card on a PC to the 10BaseT Ethernet connectors on the MP Baseplate Model Description 1600044 020 10BaseT cross over cable 6 m 20 f 1600045 020 10BaseT straight through cable 6 m 20 ft 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Shield Crossover 10BaseT cable RJ 45 Connector RJ 45 Connector Crossover 10BaseT cable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Shield 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Shield TD TD RD ...

Страница 229: ...nk the 10BaseT connector on the MP Baseplate to an Ethernet network hub Link the network hub to an Ethernet connector on a PC 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10BaseT Straight Through Cable RJ 45 Connector RJ 45 Connector 10BaseT Straight Through Cable 10BaseT Straight Through Cable Shield 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Shield 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Shield TD TD RD TD TD RD RD RD ...

Страница 230: ... connector on the MP Baseplate to a PC acting as the Modbus master Cable pin outs are shown below Housing Ground D9 2 3 5 4 6 1 7 8 Housing RXD TXD Signal Ground DTR DSR CD RTS CTS D9 2 5 4 6 1 7 8 3 Housing TXD RXD Signal Ground DTR DSR CD RTS CTS RS 232 Modbus Serial Cable Null Modem 9 6 1 5 9 6 1 5 MP Baseplate Female Connector P2 9 pins molded hood PC Female Connector P1 9 pins ...

Страница 231: ...consist of double twisted pair wires When the trunk consists of double twisted pairs one pair serves as the output line for the Modbus master input line to all slaves The other pair serves as the input line to the Modbus master output line from all slaves When the trunk consists of a single twisted pair it serves as both the output and input lines to the Modbus master and all slaves The trunk acco...

Страница 232: ...ode must be in the tristate or off mode To set the tristate mode for the MP and CM set the Handshake mode to Hardware using the Setup dialog box in TriStation s Hardware Allocation screen RS 485 Modbus Slave Network 1 6 7 9 2 3 4 5 CM or MP Serial Port Shield RD A RD B 5 VDC through 1 K 1 K optional Signal Ground optional SD A SD B Ω Ω RD A SD A Trunk R Trunk T Network Trunk RD B SD B RS 485 Modbu...

Страница 233: ...er than 200 meters 650 feet requires termination at each end Traditionally resistors are connected to each end of the cable This technique matches the cable impedance and prevents signal reflections which could cause data errors However this technique has the following three undesirable side effects When no driver is active on the pair the resistors pull the two wires together Noise even very low ...

Страница 234: ...edance of the cable Traditional Network Termination Cable T Cable R SD A SD B Ground RD A RD B 5 VDC through 1 kW MP Slave SD A SD B Ground RD A RD B 5 VDC through 1 kW Modbus Master Recommended Network Termination Using a Double Pair Network Cable T Cable R 01 f m 01 f m 01 f m 01 f m SD A SD B Ground RD A RD B 5 VDC through 1 kW Modbus Master SD A SD B Ground RD A RD B 5 VDC through 1 kΩ MP Slav...

Страница 235: ...r the MP Communication and I O modules MPs and Left Position CMs Diagread Cable Debug Connector for MPs For the MP the Debug connector uses pins 1 2 and 3 RJ 12 Pin Signal Direction Description 1 TXD Out MP Diagread Transmit Data 2 RXD In MP Diagread Receive Data 3 GND MP Ground 2 3 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 9 pin D Sub to Modular 6 pin RJ12 Adapter Diagread Cable Straight Through RJ 12 Cable stan...

Страница 236: ... connector uses pins 4 5 and 6 RJ 12 Pin Signal Direction Description 1 TXD Out CM Diagread Transmit Data 2 RXD In CM Diagread Receive Data 3 GND CM Ground 1 2 3 4 5 6 RJ 12 Pin Signal Direction Description 4 TXD Out IOP Diagread Transmit Data 5 RXD In IOP Diagread Receive Data 6 GND IOP Ground 2 3 5 1 2 3 4 5 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 I O and Left Position CM Debug Connector Diagread Cable 9 pin D Sub to Mod...

Страница 237: ...r Cables and Connectors Debug Connector for Right Position CMs For the right position CM the Debug connector uses pins 4 5 and 6 RJ 12 Pin Signal Direction Description 4 TXD Out CM Diagread Transmit Data 5 RXD In CM Diagread Receive Data 6 GND CM Ground 1 2 3 4 5 6 ...

Страница 238: ...222 Diagread Cables and Debug Connectors Trident Planning and Installation Guide ...

Страница 239: ...ge Fuse A Triconex Littlefuse 1410054 001 273 75 SRO Baseplate Fuse 5x20 mm 8 A slow acting Triconex Littlefuse 1410056 001 218008 MP Baseplate and I O Extender Module Fuse 5x20 mm 1 A fast acting Triconex Littlefuse 1410050 001 217001 MP Baseplate 16 point plug connector Triconex Phoenix 1420048 001 1901742 I O Baseplate Expansion cable 2 foot Triconex 4000056 002 I O Extender Module Terminator T...

Страница 240: ...224 Trident Planning and Installation Guide ...

Страница 241: ...tallation Guide A P P E N D I X C Recommended Wiring Methods This appendix provides information related to recommended wiring Topics include General considerations Conduit shielding Cable spacing Tray considerations Grounding ...

Страница 242: ...ble Use best industry practices when installing wiring For more information see IEEE Standard 518 1977 Do not run cables parallel if they carry different types of signals data versus power instead cross the cables at right angles Maintain shield continuity and verify that shield leads are not broken Route cables around rather than through high noise areas Route shielded data cable along grounded s...

Страница 243: ...uld separate noise creating sources those with time varying voltage or time varying current from data signal cables as much as possible Group cables with similar levels of noise susceptibility together Group cables with similar levels of noise generation together in trays and conduit IEEE defines four classes of wiring that differ in signal level and noise susceptibility IEEE Class Definition Data...

Страница 244: ...arated by a grounded steel barrier Trays containing Data 1 and Data 2 cabling should have solid bottoms and tray covers to provide complete shielding Ventilation slots or louvers should be used only in trays containing Data 3 cables Refer to IEEE Standard 518 1982 for detailed information about tray and conduit spacing Grounding For detailed information and instructions about grounding of the Trid...

Страница 245: ...nce Ci and inductance Li of the load which is not prevented by circuit components from providing a stored energy charge to the field wiring for example diode across a winding to clamp an inductive discharge and the capacitance and inductance of the Schematic of Non Incendive Communication Circuits NETWORK 9 SHIELDED TWISTED PAIR IN OUT SIGNALS 9 SHIELDED TWISTED PAIR IN OUT SIGNALS 9 SHIELDED TWIS...

Страница 246: ...l data inputs or outputs see the manufacturer s documentation Signal Levels for Non Incendive Communication Circuits NETWORK NOTE 2 NETWORKS 1 and 2 Voc Vmax Isc Imax Ca Ci 1V 1V 1V 1V 1mA 1mA 1mA 1mA 30mA 30mA 30mA 30mA 11nf 11nf 11nf 11nf 15uF 0 15uF 0 85mH 0 85mH 0 1 3mH 1 3mH 1 3mH 1 3mH 10V 10V 10V 10V La Li SERIAL PORT and RS 232 DIAG READ SERIAL PORTS 1 2 3 and RS 232 DIAG READ MP Model 310...

Страница 247: ...er service representative for firmware updates and the availability of special cables for Adding or replacing the last baseplate in a column without an I O Extender Module Adding or replacing the last baseplate in a column with an I O Extender Module Adding or replacing a baseplate between two baseplates ...

Страница 248: ...232 Trident Planning and Installation Guide ...

Страница 249: ...Trident Planning and Installation Guide A P P E N D I X F Mounting Panel Drill Template The following figure shows where the mounting holes should be located ...

Страница 250: ...6 mm 8 56 in 217 4 mm DIN Rail Tap 10 32 39 30 in 995 7 mm Ref for 5 Baseplates As Illustrated 7 30 in 185 4 mm 2 50 in 63 5 mm 2 50 in 63 5 mm Typical non accumulating Number Equal Spaces 9 84 in 39 50 in 252 6 mm 1002 2 mm Ref Extender Module Baseplate I O Module Baseplate MP or CM Baseplate ...

Страница 251: ...ity The following declaration of conformity with the European Union directives for electromagnetic compatibility and low voltage equipment is provided as a convenience The declaration is the latest available at publication time may have been superseded For updates contact the factory ...

Страница 252: ...MC Emissions EN 55011 1998 Gr 1 Kl A Conducted and radiated 2 EN 61131 2 1994 A11 1996 EMC Immunity EN 61000 4 2 1995 A1 1998 ESD EN 61000 4 3 1996 Radiated HF fields EN 61000 4 4 1995 Burst EN 61000 4 5 1995 Surge PrEN 61000 4 12 1994 Ringwave 3 EN 61131 2 1994 A11 1996 Product Safety EN 61010 1 1993 Overvoltage Category II The technical documentation required to demonstrate that the product meet...

Страница 253: ...ysical description of warning labels which must be prominently attached to the controller for systems in which the following hazards apply General Hazard Hazardous Voltage Hot Surface Labels must meet the requirements of ANSI Z535 ISO 3864 and IEC 1310 1 Labels are available from Triconex upon request ...

Страница 254: ...background Sans serif font Upper or lower case 0 10 inch 2 54 mm high Optional black border White background Base width 1 2 inch 30 mm minimum Yellow background WARNING GENERAL HAZARD Service restricted to trained personnel only Safety Alert Symbol Black triangle orange exclamation point WARNING Black letters orange background Safety orange per ANSI Z535 4 13 parts yellow 3 parts warm red part bla...

Страница 255: ...t Upper or lower case 0 10 inch 2 54 mm high Optional black border White background Base width 1 2 inch 30 mm minimum Yellow background WARNING HAZARDOUS VOLTAGE Contact may cause electric shock or burn Service restricted to trained personnel only Safety Alert Symbol Black triangle orange exclamation point WARNING Black letters orange background Safety orange per ANSI Z535 4 13 parts yellow 3 part...

Страница 256: ... serif font Upper or lower case 0 10 inch 2 54 mm high Optional black border White background Base width 1 2 inch 30 mm minimum Yellow background WARNING HOT SURFACE Contact may cause burns Service restricted to trained personnel only Safety Alert Symbol Black triangle orange exclamation point WARNING Black letters orange background Safety orange per ANSI Z535 4 13 parts yellow 3 parts warm red pa...

Страница 257: ... which ensures the electro magnetic compatibility of the system with other pieces of electrical electronic equipment channel Data path from input point to output point Triple modular redundant TMR sys tems have three channels CSA Canadian Standards Association a not for profit membership organization which develops standards and tests in areas ranging from nuclear power health care occupational he...

Страница 258: ...cuitry provides multiple redundancy for all critical signal paths dual circuitry provides just enough redundancy to ensure safe operation environment Stimuli at an interface or interfaces of the system error Element of a system resource assumes an undesired state Such a state is then contrary to the specification of the resource or the expectation requirement of the user event State change of a di...

Страница 259: ...bling properly operating redundant elements to continue the control process fault tolerance Ability to identify and compensate for failed control system elements and allow repair while continuing an assigned task without process interruption Fault tolerance is achieved by incorporating redundancy and fault masking FE Functional earth FSR Full scale range Specifies an operating range for input or o...

Страница 260: ... electronic circuit assembly housed in a metal cover MTBF Mean time between failure The expected average time between failures of a system including the time taken to repair the system Usually expressed in hours MTTF Mean time to failure The expected average time to a system failure in a population of identical systems Usually expressed in hours MTTR Mean time to repair The expected time to repair...

Страница 261: ...ork Network of controllers protocol Set of rules describing the format used for data exchange between two entities quad output circuit Provides fault tolerant outputs Each output is composed of four identical switching elements in a quad arrangement reliability Probability that no failure of the system will occur in a given period of time scan time Period of the controller s cycle of required cont...

Страница 262: ...Station 1131 TriStation 1131 is a Windows NT based developer s workbench for writing and downloading applications and for performing maintenance and diagnostics on Triconex systems TriStation protocol Master slave protocol used by a TriStation for communication with the system The TriStation protocol supports a maximum of 10 systems but each master can communicate with only one slave at a time TSA...

Страница 263: ...Glossary 247 Trident Planning and Installation Guide voting Mechanism whereby each channel of a TMR system compares and corrects the data in each channel using a two out of three majority voting scheme ...

Страница 264: ...248 Glossary Trident Planning and Installation Guide ...

Страница 265: ... schematics 57 Analog Input Modules description 52 68 indicators 177 179 operations 12 52 schematics 54 Analog Output Baseplates connecting 78 schematics 74 77 Analog Output Modules description 69 78 indicators 180 182 maximum allowed 126 operations 12 69 schematics 71 application processors MP Modules 33 approvals Factory Mutual 19 Semiconductor Equipment and Materials International SEMI 22 archi...

Страница 266: ...g connectors 220 221 description 41 47 diagread cables 219 220 Ethernet 100BaseTX connectors 208 Ethernet 10BaseTconnectors 208 indicators 174 176 MII Ethernet MAU connectors 209 Modbus ports 42 45 162 network ports 45 159 160 operations 9 replacing modules 197 RS 232 transmit data signals 206 RS 485 transmit data signals 207 communication ports CM serial 42 MP Modules 36 communication protocols C...

Страница 267: ...tors CMs 220 221 I O modules 220 MP Modules 219 debug ports MP Module I O executive 36 MP Module system executive 36 declaration of conformity European Union 235 depth dimensions baseplates 129 modules 129 designators CTS 203 206 DCD 203 206 RD A 204 207 RD B 204 207 RTS 203 206 RXD 203 206 SD A 204 207 SD B 204 207 TXD 203 206 diagnostics AI Modules 52 AO Modules 69 DI Modules 79 DO Modules 86 fa...

Страница 268: ...tual approval 19 failure conditions 16 faults definition 168 identifying 168 overview 168 tolerance 3 field ground 149 152 field power grounding 153 typical wiring 138 field signal distribution 8 field wiring 28 field replaceable modules 24 forced air cooling 134 functional earth 149 fuses 39 G general hazard warning labels 238 glitches Digital Output Module 163 ground AC safety 149 DCS master ref...

Страница 269: ... languages programming 28 load glitches DO Modules 163 logging remote 16 logic ground 149 152 logic power 15 CM Baseplates 44 distribution 9 grounding 152 MP Baseplates 39 MP Modules 35 typical wiring 137 M Main Processor Baseplates alarm contacts 40 connectors 202 dimensions 130 logic power connectors 39 Main Processor Modules alarm connections 39 application processors 33 architecture 5 6 commun...

Страница 270: ...I Modules 14 theory 1 Output Voter Diagnostics configuring 163 disabling 163 166 enabling 163 166 operation 13 86 overview system 24 29 P panels mounting 128 parts recommended 223 physical interfaces communication 10 pin outs RS 232 for CMs 206 RS 232 for MP Modules 203 RS 485 for MP Modules 204 RS 485 pin outs for CM 207 plugs addresses 141 point types maximum number 127 point to point connection...

Страница 271: ...in outs for CMs 206 pin outs for MP Modules 203 signal description for CMs 206 signal description for MP Modules 203 RS 485 Modbus serial cables 215 pin outs for CM 207 selecting cables 217 signal description for CMs 207 signal description for MP Modules 204 terminating cables 217 RS 485 pin outs MP Modules 204 RTD TC AI Termination Panels connecting 65 68 description 62 schematic 64 RTS designato...

Страница 272: ...ive debug ports MP Modules 36 systems alarm 39 configuring 27 126 diagnostics 3 ground 149 integrity alarms 16 overview 24 29 T tables input 13 technical support xiii xv temperatures ambient 134 templates mounting panel 233 Terminal Covers description 123 installing 148 using 132 terminating networks 218 RS 485 cables 217 termination panels See RTD TC AI Termination Panels theory of operation 1 TM...

Страница 273: ... UPS sharing 136 upgrades 231 V verifying spare modules 166 voter circuitry 13 W warning labels general hazard 238 hazardous voltage 239 hot surface 240 wiring alarms 142 classes 227 considerations 226 field 28 recommended methods 225 twisted pair 207 215 workstations programming 28 ...

Страница 274: ...258 Index Trident Planning and Installation Guide ...

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