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Table of Contents

xii

CTS 850 SDH/PDH Test Set User Manual

Appendices

Appendix A: Menu Maps

A–1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Appendix B: Status and Error Messages

B–1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Appendix C: Default Factory Settings

C–1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Appendix D: Specifications

D–1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Appendix E: Incoming Inspection Test

E–1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Appendix F: Example Disk Contents

F–1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Appendix G: Rear-Panel Connectors

G–1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

VGA Video Output

G–2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

GPIB Port

G–3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

RS-232 Port

G–3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Calibration Signal Output

G–4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Overhead Add/Drop Port

G–4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

External Clock Input (2 Mb/s or 2 MHz)

G–7

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Handset Interface

G–8

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Jitter Inputs and Outputs

G–9

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

BITS OUT

G–9

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

J/CLK IN

G–9

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

J/CLK OUT

G–9

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

ANALOG OUT

G–10

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Appendix H: Changing Optical Port Connectors

H–1

. . . . . . . . . 

Appendix I: Packing for Shipment

I–1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Appendix J: Telecommunications Technology

J–1

. . . . . . . . . . . 

Basic SDH Signal

J–1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

PDH Basics

J–2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Asynchronous Multiplexing

J–6

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

PDH Multiplexing

J–9

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

G.826, M.2101.1, M.2100 and G.821 Analysis

J–10

. . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Jitter & Wander Tutorial

J–16

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Principles & Metrics of Jitter & Wander

J–20

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Appendix K: Cleaning Instructions

K–1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

Glossary and ITU–T Standards
Index

Содержание CTS 850

Страница 1: ...User Manual CTS 850 Test Set SDH PDH Jitter Wander 070 9988 01 This document supports firmware version 2 8 and above Advanced Test Equipment Rentals www atecorp com 800 404 ATEC 2832 Established 1981...

Страница 2: ...echnical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252 227 7013 or subparagraphs c 1 and 2 of the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at FAR 52 227 19 as applicable Tektronix produc...

Страница 3: ...any other locations This warranty shall not apply to any defect failure or damage caused by improper use or improper or inadequate maintenance and care Tektronix shall not be obligated to furnish ser...

Страница 4: ......

Страница 5: ...11 Turning On the CTS 850 1 13 Turning Off the CTS 850 1 14 Operating Basics Functional Overview 2 1 Front Panel Controls Indicators and Connectors 2 2 Rear Panel Controls and Connectors 2 4 Front Pa...

Страница 6: ...al 2 35 Before Turning On the CTS 850 2 36 Setting Transmit Parameters 2 37 Setting Receive Parameters 2 38 Setting the Test Time 2 39 Where Test Results Are Displayed 2 39 Begin the Test 2 41 Inserti...

Страница 7: ...1 Saving and Recalling Instrument Setups 3 41 Saving Instrument Setups 3 42 Recalling Instrument Setups 3 44 Recalling the Default Factory Setup 3 45 Deleting Instrument Setups from Disk 3 46 Pass Fai...

Страница 8: ...Overhead Byte 3 91 Editing the VC4 VC3 and VC12 Overhead Bytes 3 94 Bytes You Cannot Edit 3 95 Editing the J1 Path Trace Byte 3 97 Adding DCC and User Channel Overhead Bytes 3 99 Trace Settings 3 102...

Страница 9: ...3 139 Viewing Section Overhead Bytes 3 139 Viewing Path Overhead Bytes 3 140 Displaying the J1 Path Trace Message 3 140 Displaying the J2 Path Trace Message 3 141 Displaying the V5 Byte 3 141 Dropping...

Страница 10: ...inter Hit Threshold 3 180 Examples of Jitter Measurements 3 181 Examples of Wander Measurements 3 182 Calibrating Jitter Systems 3 183 Executing Jitter Calibration 3 184 Setting Alarms and Inserting E...

Страница 11: ...52 Displaying Mini Graphs 3 252 Saving and Recalling Results 3 253 Saving Test Results to Disk 3 253 Recalling Test Results from Disk 3 256 Deleting Test Results from Disk 3 257 Recalling Test Results...

Страница 12: ...Output G 4 Overhead Add Drop Port G 4 External Clock Input 2 Mb s or 2 MHz G 7 Handset Interface G 8 Jitter Inputs and Outputs G 9 BITS OUT G 9 J CLK IN G 9 J CLK OUT G 9 ANALOG OUT G 10 Appendix H Ch...

Страница 13: ...Rear Panel Controls and Connectors 2 4 Figure 2 4 Status Lights 2 5 Figure 2 5 Major Areas of the Display 2 6 Figure 2 6 Specific Elements of the Display 2 7 Figure 2 7 The Five Menus 2 9 Figure 2 8 M...

Страница 14: ...TRANSMIT Menu 2 43 Figure 2 29 Example of POINTERS TIMING Page of the TRANSMIT Menu 2 45 Figure 2 30 Adjusting Frequency Offset Using the Knob 2 48 Figure 2 31 The SECTION OVERHEAD Page of the TRANSMI...

Страница 15: ...The RECALL INSTRUMENT SETUPS Page 3 45 Figure 3 17 Selecting a Disk File for Deleting 3 46 Figure 3 18 The SAVE PASS FAIL TESTS Page 3 47 Figure 3 19 Entering Fail If Conditions 3 55 Figure 3 20 The...

Страница 16: ...oosing Signals Labels 3 104 Figure 3 43 Choosing Overhead PRBS Test 3 105 Figure 3 44 Sequence for Setting PDH Signal Parameters 3 107 Figure 3 45 Sequence for Setting PDH Signal Parameters when mappi...

Страница 17: ...ple of TRANSMIT Jitter menu 3 170 Figure 3 68 RECEIVE Setting Jitter Mode Peak to Peak 3 175 Figure 3 69 Jitter High Pass Filters 3 178 Figure 3 70 RESULTS Jitter and Timing Quality 3 181 Figure 3 71...

Страница 18: ...36 Figure 3 93 Results G 821 Pattern Bit Analysis 3 236 Figure 3 94 Bar Graphs Showing Code Violations and Errored Seconds 3 244 Figure 3 95 Line Graph Showing Pointer Value 3 245 Figure 3 96 On Off G...

Страница 19: ...Order Multiplexing Hierarchy J 6 Figure J 5 Multiplexing and Digital Transmission J 7 Figure J 6 Asynchronous Multiplexing J 8 Figure J 7 PDH Multiplexing by steps J 9 Figure J 8 Guaranteeing G 821 Se...

Страница 20: ...annot Perform While a Test is Running 3 39 Table 3 4 Fail If Conditions of a Pass Fail Test 3 50 Table 3 5 Green Status Lights 3 67 Table 3 6 Red and Yellow Status Lights 3 68 Table 3 7 TX Rates and S...

Страница 21: ...Pointer Sequences 3 215 Table 3 30 Choices for Bits 1 4 of the K1 Byte When Mode is Set to Ring 3 219 Table 3 31 Choices for Bits 1 4 of the K1 Byte When Mode is Set to Span 3 220 Table 3 32 Choices f...

Страница 22: ...Mb s 34 Mb s 140 Mb s TU12 TU3 Capabilities D 13 Table D 3 Jitter and Wander D 24 Table D 4 Environmental Specifications D 32 Table D 5 Physical Characteristics D 34 Table D 6 Certifications and compl...

Страница 23: ...Table of Contents CTS 850 SDH PDH Test Set User Manual xxiii Table J 1 Non Synchronous Hierarchy J 1 Table J 2 Synchronous Hierarchy J 2...

Страница 24: ...Table of Contents xxiv CTS 850 SDH PDH Test Set User Manual...

Страница 25: ...DH PDH Test Set Injury Precautions Use Proper Power Cord To avoid fire hazard use only the power cord specified for this product Avoid Electric Overload To avoid electric shock or fire hazard do not a...

Страница 26: ...zard do not operate this product in an explosive atmosphere Wear Eye Protection To avoid eye injury wear eye protection if there is a possibility of exposure to high intensity rays Product Damage Prec...

Страница 27: ...hat could result in damage to this product or other property Terms on the Product These terms may appear on the product DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you read the marking...

Страница 28: ...Set User Manual Certifications and Compliances CSA Certified Power Cords CSA Certification includes the products and power cords appropriate for use in the North America power network All other power...

Страница 29: ...xplains the basic principles of operating the CTS850 The Operating Basics section also includes a tutorial which introduces you to most of the capabilities of the CTS850 test set Both the paper based...

Страница 30: ...face print For example press the AUTOSCAN button or select Continuous The Tutorial and the Reference sections frequently present procedures in tables Perform the procedure by reading from left to righ...

Страница 31: ...Test Set Programmer Manual Tektronix part number 070 9990 XX describes how to control the CTS850 using an instrument controller Wander Analyst User Manual Tektronix part number 071 0518 XX and Wander...

Страница 32: ...ontact us by e mail tm_app_supp tek com For product support outside of North America contact your local Tektronix distributor or sales office Service Support Contact your local Tektronix distributor o...

Страница 33: ...Getting Started...

Страница 34: ......

Страница 35: ...es the following capabilities H STM 0E STM 0 STM 1E STM 1 STM 4 2 Mb s 8 Mb s 34 Mb s and 140 Mb s transmit and receive H Optical interface available at 1310 nm and 1550 nm H Bit Error Rate testing H...

Страница 36: ...he capability to perform H Network integrity testing H In service performance monitoring H Stimulus and response testing H Stress testing H Overhead testing H Automated jitter conformance testing H G...

Страница 37: ...ice Manual Tektronix part number 070 9991 XX H Electrical STS 0E 1E and STM 1 Plug in Standard H FC SC or ST Optical Connectors H 1 6 1 5 connectors for all 75 Ohm BNC front panel connectors H 2 8 34...

Страница 38: ...el display Menu structure Online help Connecting signals Selection and editing of choices Disk drive operation Functional Overview Chapter 2 paper based and reference manual on CD Tutorial Tutorial Ch...

Страница 39: ...APS reference manual on CD only Generate error conditions set alarms and simulate network failures Setting Alarms and Inserting Errors Chapter 3 Generate Automatic Protection Switching APS commands an...

Страница 40: ...ns Specifications Appendix D Verify the test set functions properly Incoming Inspection Test Appendix E Check examples of instrument setups test results and pass fail tests that can be loaded into the...

Страница 41: ...ar edge of the plate in the space between the cabinet top and the rear panel trim see part A of Figure 1 1 3 Move the pouch sideways as necessary to line up the key slots in the pouch plate with the k...

Страница 42: ...ear Panel Trim Pouch Plate A Push the pouch plate into the rear panel trim gap Rear Panel Trim Gap Top View Velcro Strip B Center the pouch plate to align with key slot under the rear panel trim Key S...

Страница 43: ...the front of the pouch as needed to line up the slots in the plate with the keys on the front panel 8 Release the pressure on the plate to allow it to return to its normal flat shape 9 Press down firm...

Страница 44: ...Getting Started 1 10 CTS850 SDH PDH Test Set User Manual DO NOT LIFT Instrument With D Ring Figure 1 3 Location of the D Ring on the Accessory Pouch...

Страница 45: ...included in the Appendix 2 Leave space around the CTS850 for cooling Verify that the air intake and exhaust holes on the sides of the cabinet where the fan operates are free of any airflow obstruction...

Страница 46: ...he appendix on Rear Panel Connections for a more comprehensive explanation of the rear panel connectors Table 1 2 Fuse and Fuse Cap Part Numbers Fuse Fuse Tektronix Part Number Fuse Cap Tektronix Part...

Страница 47: ...e Figure 1 4 to the power system Turning On the CTS850 To properly turn on the CTS850 1 Press the front panel ON STBY button see figure 1 5 The ON STBY button controls power to all instrument circuits...

Страница 48: ...Getting Started 1 14 CTS850 SDH PDH Test Set User Manual ON STBY Button CTS850 SDH Test Set Figure 1 5 ON STBY Button Turning Off the CTS850 Press the ON STBY button to turn off the CTS850...

Страница 49: ...Operating Basics...

Страница 50: ......

Страница 51: ...line help H Connecting signals H Parameter selection and editing H Disk drive operation This section also details conceptual information important to the use of the CTS 850 in particular H Difference...

Страница 52: ...ify the controls indicators and connectors located on the front panel of the CTS850 SDH PDH Test Set ON STBY switch These buttons select the pages of the current menu These buttons assign the displaye...

Страница 53: ...ve menus The knob is primarily used to highlight parameters within pages Clear History Button 2 Mb s Balanced Connectors optional Electrical Connectors 2 Mb s 8 Mb s 34 Mb s 45 Mb s 140 Mb s Connector...

Страница 54: ...dd Drop Port Frame Pulse Out Calibration Signal Output AC Power Connector Ground J CLK OUT BITS OUT Connector Not Used ANALOG OUT J CLK IN DC Fuse Handset port GPIB Port Figure 2 3 Rear Panel Controls...

Страница 55: ...ciated event occurred at some time in the past Yellow history lights remain on until you reset the event history by pressing the CLEAR HISTORY button starting a new test or changing the Receive Config...

Страница 56: ...pages of each menu Some pages display control parameters some pages display test results Signal Status Indicators Status message area This area is always visible Pressing one of these buttons selects...

Страница 57: ...of the Menu Selected page is highlighted Choices or actions available for the selected parameter Highlighted parameterscanbe changed dimmed parameters cannot be changed under the current setup Pages a...

Страница 58: ...ear in the Display Icon Meaning Transmitted signal Received signal CTS850 is in through mode CTS850 is in coupled mode Use the knob Not allowed File stored on disk File stored in memory Message or war...

Страница 59: ...ic Menu Structure The CTS850 is controlled primarily through its menu system Though several controls are located on the front panel such as INSERT ERROR most functions are controlled from one of the f...

Страница 60: ...are located in the TRANSMIT menu Each menu is made up of pages A page is identified by a page tab located at the bottom of the display see Figure 2 8 If the choice is not available it is not displayed...

Страница 61: ...ead Trace Settings Signal Labels Overhead PRBS Test More 2 of 2 RECEIVE Receive Settings 64k Rx Settings Signal Status Analysis Config Jitter Wander More 1 of 2 Receive Settings 64k Rx Settings Sectio...

Страница 62: ...vides control over a related group of instrument functions or parameters For example the TRANSMIT SETTINGS page in the TRANSMIT menu controls the rate format and active channels of the signal transmit...

Страница 63: ...anual 2 13 Selecting Pages To select a page within a menu press the button beneath the page tab located at the bottom of the display see Figure 2 10 Display the page by pressing the button below the p...

Страница 64: ...opic is displayed If a help topic covers more than one page you can display the next page by selecting Page Down To display the previous page select Page Up To display help in a different language sel...

Страница 65: ...thout special eye protection However because other optical signals in your environment may exceed the Class 1 limits we recommend eye protection as a precaution NOTE When performing a loopback test wi...

Страница 66: ...the cable to the RECEIVE connector on the CTS850 2 Connect the receive end of the cable to the TRANSMIT connector on the CTS850 Connecting PDH Electrical Signals To connect electrical signals to the...

Страница 67: ...Z1 Byte 10101111 H As a text string File Name TEST_34 Selecting Parameters To change a parameter use the knob to highlight it As you turn the knob the highlight moves from parameter to parameter see...

Страница 68: ...able When more than five choices are available the bottom choice changes to more Selecting more displays additional choices Each time you press more the next list of choices is displayed Below more is...

Страница 69: ...lways provided to save you time However if the preset choices are not appropriate for your needs you can set specific values by selecting the USER DEFINED choice see Figure 2 14 Selecting USER DEFINED...

Страница 70: ...select DONE to enter the value and exit edit mode NOTE The new value does not take effect until DONE is selected When in edit mode the knob can work in several ways As shown in Figure 2 15 the knob c...

Страница 71: ...re 2 16 2 Change the byte by selecting one of the preset choices at the right side of the display or to enter a different bit pattern select EDIT BYTE This places the CTS850 into edit mode The highlig...

Страница 72: ...o the byte and exits edit mode Change the highlighted bit by selecting one of these choices Select the bit to edit by using the knob Select DONE when you are finished editing Change the value of the b...

Страница 73: ...er case To edit a text string 1 Select the text string by turning the knob until the desired text string is highlighted see Figure 2 18 2 Select EDIT TEXT This places the CTS850 into edit mode When in...

Страница 74: ...d on the text string being edited The characters used for file names are a subset of the characters available for message text Select DONE when you are finished editing text Select this choice to ente...

Страница 75: ...sting the results of a test RES Measurement History1 Binary file containing history of test results HIS Jitter Tolerance Conformance Tests ASCII file listing results of a confor mance test JTL Microso...

Страница 76: ...k to display the instrument setups on disk To view pass fail files on a disk 1 Insert the disk into the disk drive 2 Press the TEST SETUPS front panel button to display the TEST SETUPS menu 3 Select t...

Страница 77: ...he PRC is better than 1 in 1011 and is derived from a cesium atomic standard If two digital signals are Plesiochronous then their transitions occur at almost the same rate with any variation being con...

Страница 78: ...iplexing takes place However the justification method makes it impossible to identify the location of specific tributary channels within a higher order bit stream without demultiplexing back down to t...

Страница 79: ...lexing Principles The multiplexing principles of SDH follow H Mapping A process used when tributaries are adapted into Virtual Containers VCs by adding justification bits and Path Overhead POH informa...

Страница 80: ...tiplexing Various containers ranging from VC 11 at 1 728 Mb s to VC 4 at 139 264 Mb s are covered by the SDH hierarchy Next VCs are aligned into tributary units TUs where pointer processing operations...

Страница 81: ...nously multiplexed STM 1 signals POH Path Overhead C Container TU Tributary Unit AU Administrative Unit VC Virtual Container TUG Tributary Unit Group STM Synchronous Transport Module Difference in Tel...

Страница 82: ...this term refers to putting PDH signals into and getting PDH signals out of a SDH signal Multiplex Demultiplex Multiplex MUX To transmit two or more signals over a single channel Demultiplex DEMUX To...

Страница 83: ...lable for 34 Mbit s signals An external 45 Mbit s payload is added when the signal is being mapped into an SDH output The user can insert the same defects and anomalies as are supported in a 34 Mbit s...

Страница 84: ...as a framing option in the same manner as the other PDH rates are handled RX signal level for 45 Mbit s are Normal and Monitor Defect insertion for 45 Mbit s is Pattern Bit Framed Bit framed only Fra...

Страница 85: ...example below The word none in a cell indicates that no action is required Press Menu Button Select Menu Page Highlight Parameter Select Choice Begin with Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 St...

Страница 86: ...CTS850 as described in First Time Operation in Chapter 1 Getting Started To set up your CTS850 for the tutorial perform these steps H Check to see that the CTS850 is turned off Connect the coaxial ca...

Страница 87: ...S RECALL INSTRUMENT SETUPS DEFAULT FACTORY SETTINGS Recall Setup Setting Transmit Parameters Before beginning the BER test set the transmit and receive parameters To set the transmit and receive param...

Страница 88: ...MIT SETTINGS page The Tx Rx Setup line appears on both the TRANSMIT SETTINGS page and the RECEIVE SETTINGS page To couple transmit settings to the receive settings you would use the Tx Rx Setup line o...

Страница 89: ...Select Menu Page Highlight Parameter Select Choice TEST SETUPS see Figure 2 24 TEST CONTROL Test Duration 15 min Figure 2 24 The TEST CONTROL Page of the TEST SETUPS Menu Where Test Results Are Displa...

Страница 90: ...Just below the menu name is information about the current or most recent test If the test detected no alarms or errors the CTS850 displays the message No Alarms No Errors Figure 2 25 The TEST SUMMARY...

Страница 91: ...st press the front panel START STOP button Once a test starts the display changes in two ways First the message Running appears at the top of the display see Figure 2 27 This message line is always vi...

Страница 92: ...ing Errors Now that the test is running you will insert some errors and see how the CTS850 responds To set the error insertion parameters first display the Defects Anomalies page as follows Press Menu...

Страница 93: ...inserting errors you must specify the type of error to be inserted You specify the type of error to be inserted with the Error type set to parameter To set the type of error to insert Press Menu Butt...

Страница 94: ...5 Note that the red ERROR light now stays on all the time errors are being detected continually To turn off the automatic error insertion Press Menu Button Select Menu Page Highlight Parameter Select...

Страница 95: ...f Pointers Timing Page of TRANSMIT Menu Before adjusting a pointer you must decide what mode of pointer movement to use You can change a pointer by adjusting the pointer directly or by using frequency...

Страница 96: ...lso adjust frequency offset which may cause a network element to generate pointer movements Be aware that it is necessary to press the Start Stop button the front panel to see all the changes To see t...

Страница 97: ...efine an alternative To define a specific frequency offset Press Menu Button Select Menu Page Highlight Parameter Select Choice USER DEFINED When you select USER DEFINED the knob is assigned to adjust...

Страница 98: ...t any value you wish When you are finished selecting a frequency offset Press Menu Button Select Menu Page Highlight Parameter Select Choice DONE To turn off frequency offset Press Menu Button Select...

Страница 99: ...to see more choices Press Menu Button Select Menu Page Highlight Parameter Select Choice TRANSMIT SECTION OVERHEAD none none The first line of text under the menu name describes the signal being recei...

Страница 100: ...rtain reserved bytes you can edit the bytes of the section overhead of the transmitted signal Reserved bytes are identified by asterisks in the byte content area of the displayed column To edit a byte...

Страница 101: ...bit the highlight moves to the next bit to be edited Edit the S1 byte to read 10101010 Select DONE when you have finished editing the byte You can assign preset values to the highlighted byte For exam...

Страница 102: ...sly set Viewing Test Results The test has been running for several minutes and errors have been transmitted To see the test results you must display the RESULTS menu To display the RESULTS menu Press...

Страница 103: ...PDH RESULTS page displays all the errors that have been detected It also displays the error ratio and the number of errored seconds that have been logged see the following figure To display the SDH or...

Страница 104: ...2 54 CTS850 SDH PDH Test Set User Manual Figure 2 34 SDH Results SDH Section Defects from RESULTS menu This completes the tutorial For detailed information on CTS850 capabilities refer to Chapter 3 R...

Страница 105: ...Reference...

Страница 106: ......

Страница 107: ...rform the steps reading from left to right in the table see example below The word none in a cell indicates that no action is required Press Menu Button Select Menu Page Highlight Parameter Select Cho...

Страница 108: ...s that a SDH network element NE or portion of the network is correctly set up and provisioned and that the signal passes through intact In this example the CTS850 transmits an STM 1E signal into an NE...

Страница 109: ...d pattern select Show Payload The CTS850 detects a PRBS of length 223 1 5 Check the J1 Path Trace for any message 6 Check the front panel status lights to verify that there are no errors alarms or fai...

Страница 110: ...Basic Test Procedures 3 4 CTS850 SDH PDH Test Set User Manual NE One or More SDH NEs All Signals are STM 1E CTS 850 SDH PDH Test Set Figure 3 2 Setup to Check a Transmission Link...

Страница 111: ...RT STOP button 4 While the test is running the CTS850 counts errors and errored seconds and then calculates the error ratio for each error type or errored seconds 5 After 15 minutes have elapsed the t...

Страница 112: ...s and 140 Mb s The example is written in terms of a 2 Mb s signal but the basic test procedure would be the same in all other PDH rates To test that a 2 Mb s signal is correctly mapped into an SDH sig...

Страница 113: ...Basic Test Procedures CTS850 SDH PDH Test Set User Manual 3 7 CTS 850 SDH PDH Test Set STM 1 2 Mb s or any PDH rate 2 Mb s or any PDH rate Add Drop Mux Figure 3 3 Setup to Test Mapping and Demapping...

Страница 114: ...Rate STM 1 Structure TU 12 Async or applicable TU x TU Under Test Set to match how the NE is provisioned Payload 2 Mb s Unframed or any PDH rate TEST SETUPS TEST CONTROL Test Duration 15 Minutes RESU...

Страница 115: ...s follows Press Menu Button Select Menu Page Highlight Parameter Select Choice Save to Disk Save Current Fault Tolerance Checking Fault tolerance testing sometimes called stimulus response testing or...

Страница 116: ...presented with three possible error and alarm conditions Table 3 1 LTE Responses to Errors and Alarms Transmitted Error or Alarm Expected Upstream Response Expected Down stream Response RS B1 Error M...

Страница 117: ...50 as follows Press Menu Button Select Menu Page Highlight Parameter Select Choice TEST SETUPS RECALL INSTRUMENT SETUPS DEFAULT FACTORY SETTINGS Recall Setup TRANSMIT TRANSMIT SETTINGS Transmit Rate S...

Страница 118: ...ts so that the START STOP lights are on 5 Verify that RS B1 BIP errors are counted in the SDH RESULTS display of the upstream CTS850 6 Verify there are no errors counted in the SDH RESULTS display of...

Страница 119: ...AIS alarm seconds are counted in the SDH RESULTS display of the upstream CTS850 12 With the downstream CTS850 verify that the displayed K1 or K2 bytes are not all zeros 13 Press the START STOP buttons...

Страница 120: ...e on 17 Verify that the HP RDI light is on on the downstream CTS850 Response to Pointer Movements Pointers allow the SDH network to multiplex signals from indepen dent sources even if the signal clock...

Страница 121: ...Basic Test Procedures CTS850 SDH PDH Test Set User Manual 3 15 NE All Signals are STM 1E CTS 850 SDH PDH Test Set Figure 3 5 Setup to Check Pointer Movements...

Страница 122: ...ts 3 Press the START STOP button on the CTS850 so that the START STOP light is on 4 Verify that there are no errors in the SDH RESULTS display When the front panel ERROR light is not on it also indica...

Страница 123: ...differences in line frequency from one NE to another In this example the CTS850 transmits a signal at an offset line frequency to an NE and measures the response 1 Connect the CTS850 to an NE as shown...

Страница 124: ...Offset Stress 4 6 ppm RESULTS SDH RESULTS none Network Defects Section Defects Path Defects 3 Press the START STOP button on the CTS850 so that the START STOP light is on 4 Verify that there are no e...

Страница 125: ...line without the need for splitters During a test the CTS850 simultaneously takes all performance measurements analyzes the results according to the G 821 standard and displays the measurements and an...

Страница 126: ...er Select Choice TEST SETUPS RECALL INSTRUMENT SETUPS DEFAULT FACTORY SETTINGS Recall Setup RECEIVE RECEIVE SETTINGS Receive Rate STM 1 TRANSMIT TRANSMIT SETTINGS Tx Rx Setup Through Mode RESULTS ERRO...

Страница 127: ...e CTS850 setup as follows Press Menu Button Select Menu Page Highlight Parameter Select Choice RESULTS HISTORY GRAPHS none none 6 The CTS850 history coverage is based on storage interval which is dete...

Страница 128: ...Bottom turn the knob to select the desired graph Path B3 Errored Secs Select Graph 8 Turning the knob moves the cursor from one bar to the next The specific measurement values at the cursor location...

Страница 129: ...ontains jitter at various frequencies and feeds it to the network element Simultaneously the CTS850 receives the output from the network element and analyzes its performance You can specify several pa...

Страница 130: ...e are two or more Errored Seconds in a 30 second time interval then the CTS850 plots the jitter frequency and amplitude on a graph and compares it to a mask you can choose 1 Connect the CTS850 to the...

Страница 131: ...sk Type as appropriate Start Frequency as appropriate End Frequency as appropriate Number Freq Samples as appropriate Tolerance Criteria Onset of Errors 4 Press the START STOP button on the CTS850 so...

Страница 132: ...to measure the amount of jitter that is equivalent to a 1 dB loss of signal power at the optical input of a network element 1 Connect the CTS850 to the network element as shown in Figure 3 9 NE CTS 8...

Страница 133: ...riate Number Freq Samples as appropriate Tolerance Criteria BER Record Error Threshold Measure BER 3 Observe the Current BER and Recommended BER values in the display Increase the optical attenuation...

Страница 134: ...jitter in its clock The CTS850 generates a 2 MHz G 703 clock signal containing jitter that is connected to the network element The CTS850 also generates a jitter free test pattern connected to the in...

Страница 135: ...st Procedures CTS850 SDH PDH Test Set User Manual 3 29 NE All Signals are STM 1E CTS 850 SDH PDH Test Set 2 MHz G 703 clock from J CLK OUT Clock input Figure 3 10 Setup to Check Clock to Line Jitter T...

Страница 136: ...ER Jitter Input Source Line TEST SETUPS JITTER TESTS Test Type Jitter Transfer Test Control Edit Setup Mask Type as appropriate Start Frequency as appropriate End Frequency as appropriate Number Freq...

Страница 137: ...payloads across a network You can use the CTS850 to analyze jitter in a PDH signal due to pointer movement in the SDH signal Two new measurements Frequency Drift Rate and Pointer Hit Seconds help show...

Страница 138: ...Output Line TRANSMIT POINTERS TIMING Pointer Timing Mode Pointer Sequences Pointer Type AU Pointer Sequence Type Periodic 87 3 RECEIVE RECEIVE SETTINGS Receive Rate 34 Mb s RESULTS SDH RESULTS none J...

Страница 139: ...e manual on CD ROM including all information contained in the paper based user manual Where to Find Information in this User Manual If you want to know how to Look in this part of the manual Use the b...

Страница 140: ...heck received optical signal power view overhead bytes for SDH Setting SDH Receive Parameters Chapter 3 Set the receive rate receive level framing and test pattern for PDH signals Setting PDH Receive...

Страница 141: ...and print test results Viewing Results Chapter 3 Appendices reference manual on CD only Review available menu choices Navigate menus Menu Maps Appendix A Interpret Status Error Messages Status Error M...

Страница 142: ...rmation in this User Manual Cont If you want to know how to Look in this part of the manual Review telecommunications technology used by the test set Telecommunications Technology Appendix J Look up w...

Страница 143: ...reference on CD for theory of operation information on Jitter Wander CTS850 SDH PDH Test Set Jitter Wander Working with Test Setups You can use the CTS850 to run the following types of jitter conforma...

Страница 144: ...and wander TRANSMIT or RECEIVE settings since this is done automatically by the CTS850 software depnding on the test type When the test is complete you can save the results print the results or export...

Страница 145: ...Jitter Tolerance Jitter Transfer Pointer Jitter H Select Output Jitter to measure the jitter at the output of a network element The output jitter test does not use the CTS850 jitter generation capabi...

Страница 146: ...G 823 National 34 Mbit s G 823 45 Mbit s G 824 140 Mbit s G 823 STM 0 GR 253 STM 1 G 825 G 958 Type A G 958 Type B STM 4 G 825 G 958 Type A G 958 Type B If your CTS 850 test set supports the 45 Mb s o...

Страница 147: ...d end frequencies Press Menu Button Select Menu Page Highlight Parameter Select Choice TEST SETUPS JITTER TESTS Number Freq Samples as appropriate Number of samples change depending on Start End frequ...

Страница 148: ...sts BER Method 7 The CTS850 must be connected to a network element through an optical attenuator 8 To set a baseline bit error rate for the measurement Press Menu Button Select Menu Page Highlight Par...

Страница 149: ...t up a jitter transfer test 1 Set Test Type to Jitter Transfer Set the mask type as follows Press Menu Button Select Menu Page Highlight Parameter Select Choice TEST SETUPS JITTER TESTS Mask Type as a...

Страница 150: ...the start and end frequencies Press Menu Button Select Menu Page Highlight Parameter Select Choice TEST SETUPS JITTER TESTS Number Freq Samples as appropriate Points dependent on Start End frequencies...

Страница 151: ...ut 3 minutes 9 To run the transfer jitter test after the calibration is complete press Edit Setup Press Menu Button Select Menu Page Highlight Parameter Select Choice TEST SETUPS JITTER TESTS Action J...

Страница 152: ...START STOP button once or twice light should be lit to run the jitter test The results are displayed on screen in numerical form After the test duration time has passed for each filter wideband and hi...

Страница 153: ...for detailed information about using the disk drive to save and recall results Printing Results You can print jitter test results using the Print Last Screen choice in the Print Control dialog box Ref...

Страница 154: ...tain jitter You can use the CTS850 to generate any of these signals with a controlled amount of jitter This jitter is a sinusoidal modulation of the line rate or clock rate you can specify the frequen...

Страница 155: ...libration of the jitter generation system is recommended to maintain best accuracy You can execute a built in calibration routine before making critical measurements Refer to the Jitter Calibration in...

Страница 156: ...nal is twice the line rate H Select Clock 0 8 V to enable generated jitter on the rear panel jitter clock output J CLK OUT only AC coupled ECL The transmitted line remains jitter free H Select 2 MHz G...

Страница 157: ...e Refer to the Modulation Range specifications for details about jitter wander generation capability To set the modulation frequency Press Menu Button Select Menu Page Highlight Parameter Select Choic...

Страница 158: ...nize the test system to an external timing source This can be done by connecting a 2 048 MHz clck to the rear panel reference timing input and selecting timing source under TRANSMIT settings Follow th...

Страница 159: ...n on Jitter Figure 3 79 RECEIVE Setting Jitter Mode Peak to Peak NOTE The jitter compliance tests available through the JITTER TESTS page of the TEST SETUPS menu automatically set the jitter receive p...

Страница 160: ...a 12 kHz high pass filter Selecting the Input Source To select the input source on which you want to measure jitter Press Menu Button Select Menu Page Highlight Parameter Select Choice RECEIVE JITTER...

Страница 161: ...Mask in Specifictions section in Appendix H Select Extended to extend the jitter measurement range up to 200 UIp p frequency dependent with a resolution of 0 01 UI Selecting the Jitter Input Filter Y...

Страница 162: ...TER WANDER Jitter Measurement Filter Wideband Highband Fullband H Select Wideband to measure jitter using the wideband measure ment filter 500 Hz 1 3 MHz H Select Highband to measure jitter using the...

Страница 163: ...ngs Setting the Jitter Hit Threshold The jitter hit threshold determines the sensitivity of the Jitter Hit Seconds measurement which is based on peak to peak jitter Jitter Hit Seconds is a count of ho...

Страница 164: ...oices Setting the Pointer Hit Threshold The pointer event threshold available for PDH rates determines the sensitivity of the Jitter Pointer Hits measurement which is based on the frequency drift rate...

Страница 165: ...tting Jitter Wander Parameters CTS850 SDH PDH Test Set User Manual 3 181 Example of Jitter Measurements The RESULTS screen for Jitter Timing Quality follows Figure 3 81 RESULTS Jitter and Timing Quali...

Страница 166: ...nce the beginning of the measurement When measuring wander it is necessary to synchronize the test to an external timing source This can be done by connecting a 2 048 MHz clock signal to the rear pane...

Страница 167: ...libration routines before making critical measurements Run Jitter Measurement before runing Jitter Generation Calibration This Jitter Measurement calibration takes about 15 minutes for all rates You c...

Страница 168: ...nt Routine All Calibration Control Run To calibrate the jitter generation system Press Menu Button Select Menu Page Highlight Parameter Select Choice UTILITY CALIBRATION System Jitter Generation Routi...

Страница 169: ...Index...

Страница 170: ......

Страница 171: ...rhead Add Drop Port G 4 adding a PDH signal 3 87 adjusting pointers 3 195 Alarm Fail If condition 3 48 Alarms definition 2 29 PDH Defect Anomalies Inserting 3 192 setting 3 190 Alternate Pointer Direc...

Страница 172: ...D4 D12 data bytes 3 100 F1 data bytes 3 100 F2 data bytes 3 101 date setting 3 264 Day Test Duration 3 35 Decrement Pointer Direction 3 195 default settings C 1 Defects Anomalies 3 185 Defect definit...

Страница 173: ...G GPIB connector G 3 GPIB parameters 3 269 GPIB Primary Address REMOTE CONTROL 3 259 GPIB programming See Program mer Manual H Handset Interface G 8 Hardware Revision INSTR CONFIG 3 261 HELP button 2...

Страница 174: ...work with test setups 3 159 jitter testing 3 23 output 3 164 pointer 3 164 tolerance 3 23 transfer 3 28 video timing 3 31 K K1 Full Byte APS 3 218 K2 Full Byte APS 3 222 M maximum error rates PDH sig...

Страница 175: ...pping signal 3 138 Peak voltage received 3 132 performance monitoring 3 19 pin assignments Overhead Add Drop Port G 4 RS 232 G 3 VGA video output G 1 Plesiochronous 2 27 POINTER ACTION button 3 195 Po...

Страница 176: ...GS 3 264 SET TIME MISC SETTINGS 3 264 Set Value Pointer Control 3 195 Set with New Data Flag POINTERS TIMING 3 195 settings default C 1 Signal labels 3 104 Signal status checking 3 63 RX 3 130 Signal...

Страница 177: ...e indicator 2 7 Through Mode 3 75 Timing changing 3 195 Trace Settings 3 102 Trace mismatch 3 133 TRANSMIT button 2 11 level electrical 3 78 line code PDH 3 112 Transmit settings SDH 3 71 PDH 3 107 Tu...

Страница 178: ...Index Index 8 CTS850 SDH PDH Test Set User Manual...

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