this key. With semi and fine tune at their default po-
sitions, pressing MIDI note A4 would set an oscillator
base frequency of 440 Hz, for example. In some cases,
however, it can be useful to change this key tracking.
When creating percussive sounds, it is often preferable
to turn off key tracking completely. This is accom-
plished by setting key track to zero, which means the
key number has no effect on the pitch of the oscillators.
PAN
Adjusts the panorama position of the entire oscillator
bank, from left to right. The default is center.
3.2.2 Sub Oscillators and Mixer
The levels of both oscillator banks as well as their re-
spective sub oscillators can be adjusted by using the
faders in the mixer section. The first sub oscillator,
labeled SUB 1, emits a square wave. Its pitch is tuned
precisely one octave below oscillator bank 1. The sec-
ond sub oscillator, labeled SUB 2, emits a sawtooth
wave, pitched one octave below oscillator bank 2. Sub
oscillators are often used to add more body to a sound.
When a fader is set to zero, that oscillator is inaudi-
ble. The DRIFT parameter adjusts the tuning drift
of all oscillators over time, a property known of vin-
tage analog synthesizers. To have perfect and stable
oscillator tuning, the fader should be at zero.
3.3 Filter
The raw oscillator sound is typically too bright to be
useful. Furthermore, the periodic nature of the oscila-
tors results in a dull timbre. Many natural instruments
like a flute or piano feature a short, bright transient
behavior, and then decay to a more steady, darker tim-
bre. This behavior can be modeled by using a time-
varying filter. The filter section is located below the
first LFO.
CUTOFF
Perhaps the most important filter parameter is the
CUTOFF knob. It sets the corner frequency where
the filter operates. Its meaning depends on the filter
type chosen:
•
For the low-pass filter types, frequencies above
the cutoff frequency are damped:
Frequency
Magnitude
Cutoff frequency
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